EP1213441A1 - Bohrsystem - Google Patents
Bohrsystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1213441A1 EP1213441A1 EP01201167A EP01201167A EP1213441A1 EP 1213441 A1 EP1213441 A1 EP 1213441A1 EP 01201167 A EP01201167 A EP 01201167A EP 01201167 A EP01201167 A EP 01201167A EP 1213441 A1 EP1213441 A1 EP 1213441A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- outer tube
- rod
- drill
- rods
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
- E21B17/076—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers between rod or pipe and drill bit
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B6/00—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action
- E21B6/02—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action the rotation being continuous
- E21B6/04—Separate drives for percussion and rotation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drilling system with a drill head on a Drill pipe is attached, which consists of an outer tube and one inside inserted blow rod consists of, the blow rod consists of several with their end faces against each other.
- Such a drilling system is known from EP 0 387 218 B1. It is a rock drilling device for creation straight drill holes for receiving anchors for buildings or Explosive charges to carry out rock blasting.
- It is the cylindrical shaft of the drill bit at the front end of the outer tube over a several centimeters long, with little play cylindrical Guide held axially displaceable.
- the same applies to the free End of the rear boring bar, on which a percussion piston for application the striking force.
- Each individual bar is in the range of two Bushings guided in two positions of their length.
- the impact rod are axially extending channels for the passage of a Flushing medium provided, which make it possible to move from the rear end of the Drill pipe from through the space between the outer tube and Percussion linkage or through the axially extending channels between the outer tube and blow rods to convey a flushing medium to the drill head.
- the opposing end faces of the individual rods of the Blow rods extend in the radial direction, so that a maximum effective surface for transmitting the axially acting impact forces arises.
- the device described in EP 0 387 218 B1 has some remarkable ones Advantages that essentially result from the fact that the inner percussion linkage consists of various individual rods, which without screwing against each other.
- the single, short rod has a very much higher natural frequency than a long screwed blow rod. So results in the transmission of impact power over several short, unscrewed poles against each other a much harder and undamped power transmission. In addition, it is easier to use while drilling. After feeding the drilling device around the Length of an outer tube section or an inner rod is the turning and Impact drive separated from the drill pipe and it becomes a new one inner rod and a new outer tube inserted into the drill pipe. This saves time due to the fact that the inserted inner rod does not have to be screwed.
- the device known from the cited document is Due to their structure, they can only be used in axial production Suitable for drill holes running in the direction of the drill pipe.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a drilling system which allows a greater variation of the drilling direction.
- the outer tube is deformable along its longitudinal axis and against each other adjacent end faces of two rods are formed such that they at an inclination of the axes of the two rods to each other essentially lie flat against each other.
- Drilling systems with elastically bendable outer tubes - so-called directional drilling systems - are known from the prior art, for example from DE 196 12 902 A1.
- a drill pipe with a drill head that creates a curved hole pattern is used for directional drilling.
- the Drilling head with a constant, usually low angular velocity rotated so that the force deflecting the drill head increases evenly distributed over the entire circumference of the drill head and thus cancels.
- the drill head remains in a certain angular position without drill drive, so that it due to its design features predetermined curve path follows.
- the drill heads can do a lot be designed differently.
- the drill string is usually on a rail-guided carriage connected to a linear drive stored and has a rotary or rotary impact drive, with which the Set the boom in rotation and, if necessary, drive it into the ground leaves.
- an additional one Problem that the wall friction of the outer linkage, which in the curved borehole in the ground is a significant Share of impact energy is reduced.
- the mass of the Outer tube the mass of the flushing medium contained in the outer tube be accelerated by the percussion drive.
- a blow creates not only axial acceleration at the rear end of a bent tube, but also a bending force. In practice it has been shown that the impact force acting on the rear end of the drill pipe hardly in Area of the drill head arrives.
- the inner linkage which for example from FIGS. 6 and 7 of the DE 196 12 902 A1 is recognizable, could not be used to transmit impact force be used. Either the individual elements were suggested to connect the inner linkage to one another via universal joints, which be destroyed by sustained strikes. Alternatively, it has been suggested with a sufficiently flexible inner linkage on the cardan joints to renounce. With great flexibility, however, it is not sufficient large power transmission is possible.
- a drilling system with unscrewed against each other as a directional drilling system with a Providing a flexible outer tube enables the transmission of impact power over the inner percussion linkage when the ones lying against each other End faces of two rods are designed such that they are also at one Slanting of the axes of the two rods to each other essentially lie flat against each other.
- radial shape are proposed, thus an effective transmission of impact force even in the case of bending of the outer tube, which is an inclination of the longitudinal axes of two Stop boring bars to each other, is guaranteed.
- the impact force is transmitted via an inner one Percussion linkage has the decisive advantage that the impact force is not reduced Friction of the blow rod on the wall of the bore can be reduced can.
- Flushing medium passed which for example from water with swellable clay (bentonite).
- the watery, swellable clay has one viscous to pasty consistency and produces relatively low frictional resistance when moving the blow rod against the outer tube.
- the flushing medium itself is not accelerated by the blows and cannot absorb impact energy.
- the blows are from short, straight rod sections of the inner rod transferred, whereby no bending forces can arise because the individual rods of the inner rod are not curved.
- An essential feature of the invention is that in the inner blow rod the directional drilling system according to the invention no fixed connection exists between the ends of the individual rods of the blow rod. In particular, there was no screwing of the rod ends.
- directional drilling in which - unlike straight drilling processes - Often there is only a slow rotary drive of the drill head or Drill head fully in a certain angular position for a longer one
- a bolted handlebar is unsuitable. acts a permanent, hydraulic impact drive on a screwed linkage, the screw connections are usually loosened by the blows. Only if the linkage is constant due to a rotary drive in the closing direction the screw is driven, it is ensured that despite the Impacts on the linkage will not open the screw connections.
- each rod is only in one or in two short areas of their length against the inner wall of the outer tube supported.
- the solution in which each rod is particularly preferred only against this in a single annular area of their circumference Supported outer tube and one in the other areas of its length Has outer diameter that is one or more centimeters smaller than the inside diameter of the outer tube. In the area of a bend of the Outer tube, the inner percussion linkage from support point to support point in different straight sections.
- each has Baton rod a first end with a ball head and one second end with a spherical shell, the radii of curvature of the Spherical surfaces of the ball head and the spherical shell essentially each other correspond.
- the blow rod of the blow drive, on which the blow piston of the percussion drive, then one should be to the end face of the rearmost rod of the blow rod have a complementary surface.
- the shaft of the drill bit also has an end face with the drill head on that to the foremost end face of the foremost rod of the blow rod is complementary.
- the spherical head With a spherical head-shaped end of the impact rod, the spherical head preferably forms the area for the radial support of the rod against the Inner wall of the outer tube.
- the cylindrical rod-shaped starting from the ball head Section of the rod has a smaller diameter than the ball head on.
- To form the axially extending passage channels for the flushing medium has the ball head in the area of its equator axially extending recesses arranged on the longitudinal axis of the rod on.
- a torque is transmitted to the drill head, to either rotate it continuously or to a certain angular position to bring if a radius is to be drilled.
- the Drill head simply rigidly connected to the outer tube.
- this can Drill bits are held in the outer tube in a rotationally fixed manner, being a certain distance should be axially movable. Due to the axially movable Storage of the drill bit is avoided on the drill bit impact energy is introduced into the outer tube. The drill bit is movable relative to the outer tube, so that the impact energy transmits directly over the drill head to the bottom of the hole.
- the non-rotatable reception of the drill bit in the outer tube can, for example through a positive connection between the shaft of the Drill bit and the outer tube can be achieved.
- the drill bit shaft can be provided with an external toothing, which in a Internal toothing of the outer tube engages.
- the rotary drive is then with connected to the rear end of the outer tube and is preferably used for Achievement of the required torques hydraulically operated.
- the torques can be applied to the drill head via the percussion linkage are transmitted when the ends of two abutting Rods interlocking interlocking elements exhibit.
- one of the ends in particular the end in Shape of a spherical shell, with a recess into which a Projection at the other end, especially the end in the form of the Ball head, protrudes.
- the spherical shell can be placed on one in the longitudinal direction of the rod-extending great circle lying groove in the area of have outer circumference of the ball.
- the ball head can be used on two diametrically opposite positions each have a cylindrical shape Have tenons, each of the tenons in one end of the groove in the spherical shell engages.
- the pins can be moved in the direction of the groove are and are pivoted about their pin axis.
- Such claw-shaped connection between the end of the first rod and the the end of the second rod adjoining this allows sufficient transmission high torque.
- the rear end of the blow rod must be in this Case with the rotary drive be rotatably connected, so that rotational forces of the drive unit outside the borehole to the drill head can be.
- Also by transferring the torque through the inner Percussion linkage can significantly reduce the loss of friction.
- the Rotational forces do not have to counteract the friction within the whole Borehole, but only contrary to that between the outer tube and the Percussion rods acting friction forces are transmitted.
- the claw-shaped connection of the rod ends described only provides is an example. There are any other positive connections possible, which is a pivoting of the individual rods of the blow rod allow against each other. It should be noted that a movement game sufficient by a few degrees between the two end faces of the rods can be to the required inclination between two rods too enable. Due to the limited flexibility of the outer tube usually achieved very large radii of the borehole axis, so that the individual rods are only inclined to each other by a few degrees are.
- the ends of two mutually abutting rods Guide elements which when axially opposed and Press the rod ends into the projection for torque transmission lead the recess.
- This ensures that, for example Attach a new outer tube and a new inner rod to the Drill pipe without special adjustment by the operating personnel non-rotatable connection between the individual rods of the blow rod is achieved.
- the rotary drive with the percussion linkage be connected.
- an impact bar should move axially though be rotatably held in the rotary drive.
- a drive pinion can be used for this have an internal toothing, which with an axially extending External toothing of the impact rod interacts and the axial freedom of movement guaranteed in the circumferential direction.
- the shank of the drill bit also has one axially extending channel through which the flushing liquid or the flushing medium from the annular space between the blow rod and the outer tube to Drill head is directed.
- the outer tube has a radial constriction near the drill head of the inner diameter, one on the shaft of the drill bit Diameter extension is arranged, which is larger than the constriction of the inner diameter of the outer tube.
- Diameter extension is arranged, which is larger than the constriction of the inner diameter of the outer tube.
- this is Driver profile of the outer tube in the form of an internal toothing on the Screwed onto the end of the outer tube.
- This screw connection preferably fixes a split retaining ring which can be inserted into the outer tube and which holds the Narrowing of the inner diameter of the outer tube forms.
- an annular body is also applied, the whose diameter extension forms.
- That at the end of the front section screwed element of the outer tube with the teeth preferably also a sensor or signal transmitter by means of which the position of the drill head via a measuring device outside the Drill hole can be determined so that the drill drive to achieve the desired Control the drilling process.
- All sections of the outer tube are preferably via screwed sockets connected with each other.
- the screw sockets can one with respect to the Diameter of the sections of the outer tube expanded diameter Have recording of the ball head.
- the percussion drive for the percussion linkage strikes in the feed direction rearmost rod of the blow rod. He is usually behind that Flanged to the rotary drive, whereby it is on a protruding through the rotary drive Impact rod acts, which is axially displaceable relative to the rotary drive, so that the impact forces applied to them do not enter the rotary drive, but be introduced into the blow rod.
- the rinse liquid supply is preferably near the front end the impact rod on a screw connection between the rotary drive and the rearmost section of the outer tube and is arranged by a radial channel formed through the outer tube into the annular space between Outer tube and blow rod works.
- the front section of the impact bar is preferably a seal package arranged, which is the annular space between the outer tube and impact rod seals. This ensures that the flushing medium only through the annular space between the outer tube and the blow rod to the front is conveyed to the drill head and not backwards in the direction of the drive for the drill pipe.
- the percussion linkage can be locked in the axial direction opposite the outer tube.
- the lock acts at least in the feed direction, in which the Effective.
- the lock causes the striking forces transferred from the piston to the outer tube via the blow rod become.
- the Driving the drill bit as quickly as possible is the outer tube of that To decouple the blow rods so that the impact forces only on the Drill bits act and are transferred from this into the bottom of the borehole become.
- the outer tube with the striking mechanism To strike e.g. about high frictional forces in the borehole To overcome, the outer tube can be coupled with the blow rod become.
- the impact forces can also temporarily into the outer tube, which consists of several screwed pipe sections, to be introduced loosen the screw connections between the pipe sections.
- the coupling that is, the connection fixed in the axial direction must at least in the Direction in which the impact forces act.
- the coupling between the outer tube and the blow rod is preferably carried out in the area of the drill bit at the front end of the drill pipe. Consequently the percussion linkage is loaded by the percussion mechanism and its Compressive forces at the front end in the area of the drill bit on the outer tube transfer. This is due to the impact forces in the feed direction or direction of impact.
- the diameter expansion is preferred the drill bit, which fixes it in the outer tube, used to effect the axial coupling. This can be done by expanding the diameter in the axial direction against the narrowing of the diameter of the Outer tube can be designed to be lockable.
- the outer tube on the tunneling machine Slidable in the axial direction and in at least two different is fixed axially fixed positions.
- a part of the outer tube have radial pins which are in a sliding sleeve are guided, which is attached to the tunneling machine.
- the sliding sleeve has a guide groove with an axial one for each radial pin Section and two circumferential holding sections the two ends of the axial section.
- the radial spigot of the Outer tube can be in the guide groove in either the first or in the second holding section may be included.
- the second holding section is the Diameter narrowing of the outer tube against the diameter expansion of the drill bit so that the axial impact forces are exerted on the drill bit be transferred to the outer tube.
- FIG. 1 The mode of operation of directional drilling can be seen in FIG. 1.
- a boring machine 1 becomes a drilling head for producing a bore 2 driven into the ground at an angle by means of a drill pipe 3.
- the drill pipe 3 is on a rail-guided carriage Jacking machine 1 is stored and is with a linear drive in the Soil driven.
- a new section of the drill pipe 3 consisting of an outer tube section 15 and a rod 14 inserted therein Percussion linkage 13 (cf. FIG. 2) added and the slide pulled back, to advance the extended drill pipe 3.
- the tunneling machine 1 also has a rotary drive with which the drill pipe 3 rotated about its longitudinal axis and in a certain angular position can be locked. In this way, the plane of the radius of curvature of the generated bore can be inclined in any direction. The hole can thus be largely parallel to the surface of the earth in any Directions.
- the bore - as in FIG. 1 recognizable - with a large radius of curvature from an inlet opening be led into the ground to an outlet opening, so that without an open shoring obstacles such as buildings, water or traffic areas can be overcome.
- the drill head 2 is rotated evenly around its axis.
- the support fluid is under high Pressure is passed into the drill pipe 3 and emerges from flushing nozzles in the drill head 2 out.
- the bentonite in the support fluid then settles in the Annular gap between the drill pipe and the borehole. This will on the one hand supports the borehole produced and on the other hand it is quite low-friction Generated sliding film, the resistance to the propulsion of the Drill pipe 3 reduced.
- the drill head 2 After completion of the pilot hole, the drill head 2, which is from the Exit opening of the bore has emerged from the drill string 3 away. An extension drill head can then be attached to drill pipe 3 are attached, which in turn with the drill string 3 through Pilot hole is pulled through.
- the major part of the material removal during drilling is due to the flushing medium emerging from the flushing nozzles of the drilling head 2.
- the material is removed by the Impact forces exerted by the drill head and, if necessary, continuous rapid rotational movements elevated.
- Fig. 2 shows an inventive drill pipe, which the transmission of impact forces and rotational movements from the propulsion device 1 on the drill head 2.
- This embodiment includes a directional drilling head, which is designed as a steering shoe.
- the front one End face 6 of the drill head 2 is to the radial direction of the to be created Hole inclined.
- Three outlet nozzles 7, 8, 9 for the supporting liquid are exemplary shown, which the drill head 2 through an axial channel 10th is fed.
- the medium emerging from the outlet nozzle 8 flows along a groove 11 in the end face of the drill head 2 and is distributed then in the borehole.
- Several outlet nozzles 9 are on the circumference the drill head 2 distributed and one opens into the end face 6. Die End face 6 of the drill head 2 also has hardened drill tip 47.
- the drill pipe 3 consists of an outer tube 12 and a blow rod 13.
- the blow rod 13 is there from individual rods 14 and the outer tube 12 from individual tube sections 15.
- the pipe sections 15 are each via connecting sleeves 16 screwed together.
- the rods 14 of the blow rod 13 are without Connection in the axial direction with their end faces against each other.
- a light on the entire drill string 3 Curvature can be applied to the typical for directional drilling to follow the curved course of the borehole.
- the outer tube 12 or its Pipe sections 15 have sufficient flexibility to be elastic to be curved within the borehole.
- the individual rods 14 of the Percussion linkage 13, however, should be largely rigid to the impact energy towards the drilling head 2 without any delay or loss transfer. For this reason, the end faces are against each other of the rod ends arched so that the axes of the rods 14 one Can have angles to each other and still a flat concern the rod ends for the transmission of impact force is guaranteed.
- the rear end of the rod in the direction of advance 19 spherical.
- the front rod end 20 has one smaller diameter and has the shape of a spherical shell, whose Diameter corresponds to the diameter of the spherical rod end 19. It can easily be seen that even with an inclination the longitudinal axes of the two bars 14 shown in Fig. 5 a flat The rod ends 19, 20 against one another are ensured. This delivers the effective transmission of impact power from the impact drive the drill head 2 safely.
- 5 shows the diameter of the rear spherical rod end 19 larger than the diameter in the rest Area of the rod 14.
- the area of the spherical rod end 19 is also larger than the inner diameter of a pipe section 15.
- Das spherical rod end 19 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 16, which has a larger inner diameter than that connected to it Pipe sections 15. This is the end of the bar over a certain distance held axially displaceably in the connecting sleeve 16 without out of it to fall out. It can also be seen in FIG. 5 that the surface of the spherical rod end 19 radially outer recesses 21 has, which extend in the axial direction and the passage of the Allow flushing medium.
- the inside diameter of a pipe section 15 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of a rod 14, so that a Inclination of the rod 14 by a few degrees within the pipe section 15 is made possible.
- the curvature of the borehole is very large Radius on, so that the boring bars are only a few degrees to each other be inclined and the relatively small gap between the bumper 14 and section 15 of the outer tube 12 is sufficient to To allow the drill string 3 to bend.
- Fig. 4 shows the rotary drive 22 and the percussion drive 23, which the linear guide of the tunneling machine 1 (Fig. 1) are attached.
- the Rotary drive 22 consists of a hydraulic motor 24, on the motor shaft a pinion 25 is attached, which meshes with a gear 26, the is rotatably connected to the outer tube 12 via a connecting sleeve 27.
- the connecting sleeve 27 is encompassed by a sealed sleeve 28, into which a feed line 29 for a flushing medium opens.
- the connection sleeve 27 has two radial feed channels 30 through which the Flushing medium can enter the inside of the outer tube 12.
- the gear 26 is hollow along its axis and is one Thrust rod 17 protrudes, the front end face of a spherical shell is formed and against the rear end face in the feed direction the rearmost rod 14 of the blow rod 13 rests.
- the beater bar 17 is sealed with respect to the connecting sleeve 27 by a plurality of seals 33, to prevent rinsing liquid from escaping backwards.
- On the rear end of the impact rod 17 acts the already mentioned hydraulic driven piston 18 of the impact drive 23. Of the piston 18 and the Impact drive 23 are only the front end section in FIG. 4 shown.
- Such percussion drives for loading drill pipes are well known in the professional world.
- the boring machine 1 When the boring head 2 is being driven, the boring machine 1 (FIG. 1) the drill pipe 3 each forward by a certain length emotional. Then a unit of the drill string 3, consisting of a rod 14 and an outer tube section 15, previously attached the carriage of the tunneling machine 1 is withdrawn. In a new one The carriage step is the carriage of the tunneling machine 1 to the front pushed.
- the drill string 3 shown in Fig. 2 thus follows the 4 recognizable rotary / impact drive from a variety of Drill pipe sections, the foremost section in the feed direction of the drill pipe 3 with an end portion 31 of the outer tube and a drill bit 32 is connected.
- the end portion 31 of the outer tube 12 and the drill bit 32 can be seen in particular in FIG. 6.
- the FIG. 6 shows a representation enlarged with respect to the scale of FIG. 2 of the drill head 2 with the inclined end face 6, the outlet nozzles 7-9 for the flushing medium, which are fed from the axial channel 10.
- the in the forward direction of the drill head 2 and a cylinder rod-shaped Shank 34 form the two main components of drill bit 32.
- the drill bit 32 is non-rotatably in the front end portion 21 of the Outer tube 12 held.
- the shaft 34 of the drill bit 32 has one External teeth 35 which meshes with an internal tooth profile 36. So is the drill shaft 34 axially displaceable and in the direction of rotation in the Pipe end portion 31 held.
- the tube end portion 31 is one Sleeve formed, which at the rear end in the direction of advance Carries external thread and with a connecting sleeve 37 at the front end of the foremost pipe section 15 of the outer pipe 12 is screwed tight. Via this threaded connection, a retaining ring 38 is fixed, one Diameter narrowing of the outer tube 12 near its end portion 31 forms.
- This retaining ring 38 interacts with an annular shoulder 39, which is applied to the rear end of the shaft 34 of the drill bit 32 is and forms a diameter extension of the shaft 34. hereby the drill bit 32 when the drill string 3 is pulled back secured against falling out against the direction of advance.
- a seal 40 is also arranged, which the Interior of the outer tube 12 opposite the shaft 34 of the drill bit 32 seals.
- two inclined channel sections 41 are arranged, which in the Annular gap between the shaft 34 and the outer tube 12 open and that Entry of flushing medium into the axial channel 10 of the drill bit 32 enable.
- the enlarged individual parts representations 8a-8c show the two ends 19 '. and 20 'of bars 14'.
- 8a shows the spherical shell-shaped in longitudinal section Rod end 20 ', into which the spherical head-shaped rod end 19 'is inserted.
- Fig. 8b shows only the ball-shaped rod end 19 'in plan view and two side views.
- 8c shows the spherical shell shape Rod end 20 'in plan view, in longitudinal section and in Side view.
- Each rod 14 'of the blow rod 13' comprises a rear, spherical head-shaped curved rod end 19 ', on which projections 42 in Form a star are arranged.
- the front, spherical shell-shaped curved rod end 20 ' has star-shaped grooves 43 for receiving the Projections 42 of the rear bar end 19 'of the adjacent bar 14' on. By engaging in the grooves 43 projections 42 are opposite rod ends 19 ', 20' in the direction of rotation together connected.
- the front rod end 20 ' is preferably with guide surfaces which the protrusions 42 at the rear rod end 19 'in the grooves 43 at the front rod end 20' of the adjacent Insert rod 14 'when the ends are pressed together. In this way, the rod ends 19 ', 20' need not be in during assembly Direction of rotation to be aligned with each other.
- FIGS. 9a-9c shows the rod ends 19 'and 20' for torque transmission FIG. 9a, the rod ends 19 ′ and 20 ′ which are inserted into one another, FIG. 9b the ball-shaped rod end 19 'in side view and Fig. 9c that spherical shell-shaped rod end 20 'in longitudinal section.
- the grooves 43 'in the spherical shell Rod ends 20 ' are also diametrically opposite one another and take the pins 42 '.
- the embodiment of the non-rotatable shown here Connection leaves a larger swivel angle of the ball head 19 ' compared to the spherical shell 20 '.
- Figure 11 with the detailed representations 11a and 11b and Figure 12 with the detailed representations 12a and 12b show an embodiment in which the impact energy on the one hand on the drill bit 32 'and on the other hand can be transferred to drill bit 32 'and outer tube 12'.
- the sliding sleeve 50 is in the feed direction in front of the connecting sleeve 27 arranged and cooperates with a coupling section 51, the on a shortened rear tube section 52 of the outer tube 12 ' is screwed on.
- the coupling section 51 has three uniform circumferential positions Distances each on a pin 53 which in a guide groove in the Sliding sleeve 50 is added.
- Each of the three guide grooves includes an axial portion 54 which is circumferential in two Holding sections 55, 56 merges.
- the pin-groove connection between the Coupling section 51 and the sliding sleeve 50 acts like a bayonet lock.
- the pin 53 in the axial Section 54 of the guide groove are moved.
- the rotational positions of the coupling section shown on the right 51 are the pins 53 in the circumferential direction Holding portions 55,56 of the guide grooves added.
- the two Rotational positions are in Figures 11a and 12a on the one hand above the Center line (pin 53 received in the holding section 55 or 56) and to others below the center line (pins in the axial section 54 of the Slidable guide groove) shown.
- the pins 53 are in the rear holding section 55, such as 12 and 12a, the outer tube 12 'is relative to the percussion linkage 13 'and the drill bit 32' pushed into the rear position.
- the Drill bit 32 ' is largely pushed out of the outer tube 12'.
- the annular shoulder 39 which is the diameter extension of the drill bit 32 'forms, lies axially against the retaining ring 38 in the connecting sleeve 37 so that the blows from the striking linkage 13 'on the drill bit 32 'are transferred from the drill bit 32' into the Outer tube 12 'are passed. This way when drilling impact forces into the outer tube 12 'starting from the bottom of the borehole which are e.g. the linkage with great friction on his Pull the outside further into the drill hole. Before dismantling the The arrangement can transmit the blows transmitted into the outer tube 12 ' the connecting thread between the individual pipe sections 15 of the outer tube 12 'loosen.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Richtungsbohrens,
- Fig. 2
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Bohrstrang eines Richtungsbohrsystems,
- Fig. 3
- eine alternative Ausführungsform des Bohrkopfes des Richtungsbohrsystems aus Fig. 2,
- Fig. 4
- eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Antriebsvorrichtung des erfindungsgemäßen Bohrsystems,
- Fig. 5
- eine Ansicht eines Verbindungsbereiches, in dem zwei Abschnitte des Bohrgestänges aneinandergefügt sind,
- Fig. 6
- den Endabschnitt des Bohrgestänges mit der ersten Ausführungsform des Bohrkopfes aus Fig. 2,
- Fig. 7 - 10
- eine alternative Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Richtungsbohrsystems mit einem zur Drehkraftübertragung ausgebildeten Schlaggestänge,
- Fig. 11-12
- eine den Fig. 7-10 entsprechende Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Richtungsbohrsystems mit einer Schlagkraftübertragung von dem Schlaggestänge auf das Außenrohr.
- 1
- Vortriebsmaschine
- 2,2'
- Bohrkopf
- 3
- Bohrgestänge
- 4
- Magnetsonde
- 5
- Pump- und Mischvorrichtung/ Fördervorrichtung
- 6
- Stirnfläche
- 7
- Austrittsdüse
- 8
- Austrittsdüse
- 9
- Austrittsdüse
- 10
- Kanal
- 11
- Nut
- 12, 12'
- Außenrohr
- 13, 13'
- Schlaggestänge
- 14, 14'
- Stange
- 15
- Rohrabschnitt
- 16
- Verbindungsmuffe
- 17, 17'
- Schlagstange
- 18
- Kolben
- 19, 19'
- hinteres Stangenende, hintere Endfläche, Kugelkopf
- 20, 20'
- vorderes Stangenende, vordere Endfläche, Kugelschale
- 21
- Aussparung
- 22
- Drehantrieb
- 23
- Schlagantrieb
- 24
- Hydraulikmotor
- 25
- Ritzel
- 26, 26'
- Zahnrad
- 27
- Anschlußmuffe
- 28
- Manschette
- 29
- Zufuhrleitung
- 30
- Zufuhrkanal
- 31
- Rohr-Endabschnitt
- 32, 32'
- Bohrmeißel
- 33
- Dichtung
- 34, 34'
- Schaft
- 35
- Außenverzahnung
- 36
- Innenzahnprofil
- 37
- Verbindungsmuffe
- 38
- Haltering, Durchmesserverengung
- 39
- ringförmiger Absatz, Durchmessererweiterung
- 40
- Dichtung
- 41
- schräge Kanalabschnitte
- 42,42'
- Vorsprung
- 43,43'
- Nut
- 44
- Gehäuse
- 45
- Zahnprofil
- 46
- Außenverzahnung
- 47
- Bohrspitze
- 48
- Wälzlager
- 49
- Verbindungselement
- 50
- Schiebemuffe
- 51
- Kupplungsabschnitt
- 52
- verkürzter Rohrabschnitt
- 53
- Zapfen
- 54
- axialer Abschnitt der Führungsnut
- 55
- vorderer Halteabschnitt der Führungsnut
- 56
- hinterer Halteabschnitt der Führungsnut
Claims (26)
- Bohrsystem mit einem Bohrkopf (2, 2'), der an einem Bohrgestänge (3) befestigt ist, welches aus einem Außenrohr (12, 12') und einem darin eingefügten Schlaggestänge (13, 13') besteht, wobei das Schlaggestänge (13, 13') aus mehreren mit ihren Endflächen (19,20; 19',20') gegeneinander anliegenden Stangen (14, 14') besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Außenrohr (12, 12') entlang seiner Längsachse verformbar ausgebildet ist und die gegeneinander anliegenden (19,20; 19',20') Endflächen zweier (14, 14') Stangen derart ausgebildet sind, daß sie bei einer Schrägstellung der Achsen der beiden Stangen (14, 14') zueinander im wesentlichen flächig gegeneinander anliegen.
- System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich jede Stange (14, 14') nur in einem oder zwei kurzen Bereichen ihrer Länge gegen die Innenwand des Außenrohres (12, 12') abstützt.
- System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Bereich, in dem sich jede Stange (14, 14') gegen die Innenwand des Außenrohres (12, 12') abstützt, in axialer Richtung verlaufende Aussparungen (21) oder Kanäle für den Durchtritt eines Spülmediums vorgesehen sind.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gegeneinander anliegenden Endflächen (19,20; 19',20') zweier Stangen (14, 14') einerseits konvex und andererseits konkav gewölbt sind.
- System nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Ende (19,19') jeder Stange von einem Kugelkopf und das andere Ende (20,20') jeder Stange von einer Kugelschale gebildet wird.
- System nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser des Kugelkopfes (19, 19') im wesentlichen dem Innendurchmesser des Außenrohres (12, 12') entspricht.
- System nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser des an den Kugelkopf (19, 19') angrenzenden Abschnittes jeder Stange (14, 14') kleiner ist als der Durchmesser des Kugelkopfes (19, 19').
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kugelkopf (19, 19') in seinem in radialer Richtung der Stange außen liegenden Bereich Aussparungen (21) aufweist, die sich in axialer Richtung der Stange (14, 14') erstrecken.
- System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in Vorschubrichtung des Bohrgestänges (3) vorderste Stange (14, 14') mit einer Endfläche (20, 20') gegen eine Endfläche eines Bohrmeißels (32, 32') anliegt, der den Bohrkopf (2, 2') trägt.
- System nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bohrmeißel (32) axial beweglich und drehfest in dem Außenrohr (12) gehalten ist.
- System nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bohrmeißel (32) einen Schaft (34) mit einer Außenverzahnung (35) aufweist, die in einer Innenzahnprofil (36) des Außenrohrs (12) axial verschiebbar geführt ist.
- System nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem Außenrohr (12) ein Drehantrieb (22) verbunden ist, der vorzugsweise hydraulisch betätigt ist.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Enden (19', 20') zweier gegeneinander anliegender Stangen (14') formschlüssig ineinander eingreifende Verbindungselemente (42,43, 42',43') zur Drehkraftübertragung aufweisen.
- System nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungselemente einerseits aus mindestens einer Ausnehmung (43,43') in einer (20') der gegeneinander anliegenden Endflächen (19',20') der Stangen (14') und andererseits aus mindestens einem Vorsprung (42,42') an der Endfläche (20') der anderen Stange (14') bestehen.
- System nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Enden (19',20') zweier gegeneinander anliegender Stangen Führungselemente umfassen, die beim axialen Andrücken der Stangenenden (19',20') gegeneinander den Vorsprung (42,42') in die Ausnehmung (43,43') führen.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem Schlaggestänge (13') ein Drehantrieb (22) verbunden ist, der vorzugsweise hydraulisch betätigt ist.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Schaft (34) des Bohrmeißels (32) und dem Außenrohr (12) eine Dichtung (40) angeordnet ist.
- System nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem vor der Dichtung (40) innerhalb des Außenrohres (12) befindlichen Bereich des Schaftes (34) mindestens ein Kanal (41) zur Weiterleitung eines Spülmediums mündet.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Außenrohr (12) nahe dem Bohrkopf (2) eine Verengung (38) des Innendurchmessers angeordnet ist und daß an dem vor der Verengung (38) innerhalb des Außenrohres befindliche Bereich des Schaftes (34) des Bohrmeißels (32) eine Durchmessererweiterung (39) angeordnet ist, die größer ist als die Verengung (38) des Innendurchmessers des Außenrohrs (12).
- System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Außenrohr (12) aus über verschraubbare Verbindungsmuffen (16) miteinander verbundenen Rohrabschnitten (15) besteht.
- System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es einen vorzugsweise hydraulisch betätigten Schlagantrieb umfaßt, dessen Kolben (18) auf die in Vorschubrichtung des Bohrgestänges hinterste Stange (14, 14') des Schlaggestänges (13, 13') wirkt.
- System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nahe dem in Vorschubrichtung hinteren Ende des Bohrgestänges (3) mindestens ein das Außenrohr (12) durchragender Zufuhrkanal (30) für ein Spülmedium angeordnet ist.
- System nach Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringraum zwischen Außenrohr (12) und Schlaggestänge (13) am hinteren Ende des Bohrgestänges (3) abgedichtet ist.
- System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schlaggestänge (13') in axialer Richtung gegenüber dem Außenrohr (12') zumindest in Vorschubrichtung festlegbar ist.
- System nach Anspruch 19 und 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchmessererweiterung (39) des Bohrmeißels (32') gegenüber dem Außenrohr (12') arretierbar ist, wobei sie in axialer Richtung gegen die Durchmesserverengung (38) des Außenrohrs (12') anliegt.
- System nach Anspruch 24 oder 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Außenrohr (12') an der Vortriebsmaschine (1) in axialer Richtung verschiebbar und in mindestens zwei verschiedenen axialen Positionen festlegbar befestigt ist.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01201167A EP1213441B1 (de) | 2000-12-06 | 2001-03-12 | Bohrsystem |
| US09/983,009 US6749031B2 (en) | 2000-12-06 | 2001-10-17 | Drilling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00126781 | 2000-12-06 | ||
| EP00126781 | 2000-12-06 | ||
| EP01201167A EP1213441B1 (de) | 2000-12-06 | 2001-03-12 | Bohrsystem |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1213441A1 true EP1213441A1 (de) | 2002-06-12 |
| EP1213441B1 EP1213441B1 (de) | 2003-06-11 |
Family
ID=26071650
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01201167A Expired - Lifetime EP1213441B1 (de) | 2000-12-06 | 2001-03-12 | Bohrsystem |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6749031B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1213441B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6994012B2 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2006-02-07 | Keith Investments, Llc | Drive units and drive assemblies |
| US7346455B2 (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2008-03-18 | Robbins & Myers Energy Systems L.P. | Wellbore evaluation system and method |
| SE528777C2 (sv) * | 2005-04-14 | 2007-02-13 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Hangängade och hongängade borrkomponenter och ett gängförband utformat därmed |
| US8316964B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2012-11-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Drill bit transducer device |
| US8528664B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2013-09-10 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole mechanism |
| US8360174B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2013-01-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Lead the bit rotary steerable tool |
| US8225883B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2012-07-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole percussive tool with alternating pressure differentials |
| US7571780B2 (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2009-08-11 | Hall David R | Jack element for a drill bit |
| US8522897B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2013-09-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Lead the bit rotary steerable tool |
| US8297375B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2012-10-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole turbine |
| US8297378B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2012-10-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Turbine driven hammer that oscillates at a constant frequency |
| US8408336B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2013-04-02 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Flow guide actuation |
| US8011457B2 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2011-09-06 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole hammer assembly |
| US7866416B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2011-01-11 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Clutch for a jack element |
| US7721826B2 (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2010-05-25 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole jack assembly sensor |
| CN107075923B (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2019-03-29 | Bly 知识产权公司 | 具有内部突出部分的钻杆 |
| CN109667533B (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2024-08-13 | 广州市高速公路有限公司 | 地质钻探机、地质钻探机的标贯装置及其提拉柱 |
| FR3108931B1 (fr) * | 2020-04-02 | 2022-04-08 | Montabert Roger | Perforateur hydraulique roto-percutant pourvu d’un emmanchement équipé de cannelures d’accouplement |
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- 2001-10-17 US US09/983,009 patent/US6749031B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| US2684581A (en) * | 1951-11-06 | 1954-07-27 | John A Zublin | Flexible jointed drill pipe |
| US4368786A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1983-01-18 | Cousins James E | Downhole drilling apparatus |
| US5007487A (en) * | 1989-02-25 | 1991-04-16 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Method and apparatus for making drill holes under spatially restricted conditions |
| DE4211081C1 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-09-16 | Ing. G. Klemm Bohrtechnik Gmbh, 57489 Drolshagen, De | Multiple drill pipe - allows limited inner pipe projection to facilitate coupling to other drill pipes |
| DE4225701C1 (de) * | 1992-08-04 | 1993-12-23 | Peter Rubak | Erdbohrgerät |
| DE4328278A1 (de) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-03-03 | Sig Schweiz Industrieges | Bohrvorrichtung für einen Gesteinsbohrer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1213441B1 (de) | 2003-06-11 |
| US20020070049A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
| US6749031B2 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
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