EP1212579B1 - Electronic time-fuse for a projectile - Google Patents

Electronic time-fuse for a projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1212579B1
EP1212579B1 EP00956486A EP00956486A EP1212579B1 EP 1212579 B1 EP1212579 B1 EP 1212579B1 EP 00956486 A EP00956486 A EP 00956486A EP 00956486 A EP00956486 A EP 00956486A EP 1212579 B1 EP1212579 B1 EP 1212579B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse
input
time
programming
electronic
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EP00956486A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1212579A1 (en
Inventor
Bertram KÖLBLI
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Honeywell GmbH
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Honeywell GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
    • F42C11/065—Programmable electronic delay initiators in projectiles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic projectile timer the generic term of claim 1.
  • a detonator can e.g. the DE 42 40 263 C1 can be taken.
  • Further state of the art is on US 4,454,815, DE 39 26 585 C1, DE 38 21 912 A1 and DE 692 11 638 T2.
  • the sequence becomes the previous one programmed ignition time by activating the battery, i.e. through the Startup of the battery voltage during the mechanical - chemical activation by the Launch accelerations started.
  • This type of runtime start also has the Another advantage is that there is a separate sensor for detecting the firing in the igniter superfluous, which leads to a further simplification of the igniter structure.
  • Timers of this type which generally have no impact function for reasons of overflight safety, are used to initiate the dismantling of a cargo projectile that emits submunition. Since, especially in the case of use in artillery, such troops are also to be used to shoot over their own troops, the requirements with regard to security against premature disassembly (overflight security) are generally very high. Known numbers for the maximum permissible likelihood of premature disassembly are between 10 -5 and 10 -6 .
  • igniter electronics are usually used taken several measures. These constructive measures range from use redundant acceleration-resistant oscillators, which allow the speed of the Prevent the igniter runtime of a single malfunctioning oscillator by Only very late loading of the ignition circuits with ignition energy shortly before the time of disassembly.
  • the possibly incorrect (too early) time of dismantling a storey depends not only depending on potential influences during the flight, but can also be caused by a faulty fire command, faulty programming of the igniter runtime and faulty start of the igniter running time in the igniter.
  • the first two cases cannot be corrected by measures in the detonator should not be considered further here.
  • the latter case of the faulty (to early) starts of the igniter runtime is the starting point for the proposed improvement in terms of overflight safety.
  • the activatable batteries used must be designed so that they are in the entire temperature range even with the smallest propellant charge during firing activate reliably. On the other hand, they have to be subjected to mechanical loads Environmental tests (e.g. 1.5 m drop on steel plate) and the accelerations during the loading process survive without activation. This means that the design-related ones are inevitable Safety margins between activation and non-activation small. Also can still Individual errors in the battery, that of poor battery production or material defects originate, further reduce this safety reserve.
  • the projectile Before firing, in the pipe and at a defined distance in front of the pipe (security against the pipe), the projectile is generally prevented from igniting by a mechanical (or electronic) safety device.
  • This safety device is designed in such a way that unintentional (mechanical - pyrotechnic) unlocking processes can only occur with a very low probability (1O -7 and smaller).
  • the ignition means in ignition position and contacted. If an ignition now takes place, this leads to a disassembly of the floor. If the runtime is started correctly by the launch, the dismantling takes place in the intended target area.
  • the unintentional earlier start of the runtime function can already occur as a result of the acceleration processes when the projectile is loaded (attached). It can be assumed that an activation of the battery during the charging process cannot be excluded with a probability of 10 -5 to 10 -6 .
  • the described Safety problems caused by web cutters may be due to the relatively long times between attaching the projectile (possibility of faulty battery activation) and Firing has been reduced by the inhibiting effect of the safety device. Namely, is the time between the application of the projectile and the firing of the If the projectile is longer than the programmed flight time, the electrical ignition device ignites already in the pipe and a further ignition is then ensured by the Safety device prevented.
  • An acceleration-activated battery 1 is connected via a decoupling diode 13 Voltage regulator 2 connected to the igniter electronics and specifically there Microprocessor 3 supplied with the operating voltage Uv.
  • Microprocessor 3 supplied with the operating voltage Uv.
  • the microprocessor it will programmed into the EEPROM 16 via an inductively operating interface 12, 15 Flight program processed by software and the ignition at the appropriate time the remaining igniter electronics 4 initiated.
  • the operating voltage Uv required for the programming process is via the diode 14 and the voltage regulator 2 is derived from the energy of the inductive programming.
  • the two operating modes programming / flight are recognized by the Resistor 11 with the voltage level at the microprocessor port Ub. There is none Voltage, the battery is not yet activated (the programming voltage is from the decoupling diode 13 kept away from the port Ub) and the microprocessor recognizes when Uv occurs on programming and processes the corresponding ones Programming sequences on port up. However, if the battery is activated, the port is Ub High level on and the microprocessor 3 works its programmed flight program from.
  • the microprocessor 3 When programming, the microprocessor 3 also the port us queried. If the switch is open, i.e. is the safety device in Make sure there is no voltage at Us and the programming can be done as intended be performed. However, switch 5 is during the programming process closed, i.e. if the security device is in focus, the Input voltage of the voltage regulator via the resistor 8 to the port Us of the Given microprocessor. In this case there is a high level and the Programming is suppressed. Since programming is generally bidirectional in this case, this dangerous condition of the safety device can also occur the programming device and thus be reported back to the operator and thus Give instructions for further handling of the igniter.
  • the second advantage (main advantage) of the procedure improves the overfly safety of the Detonator or the projectile.
  • the shot is during the pipe passage phase Battery 1 activated.
  • Battery 1 activated.
  • This supplies the igniter electronics with energy and the Microprocessor 3 begins with the stabilization of the operating voltage Uv Execution of the programmed flight program.
  • the program flow made dependent on the voltage state of the port Us.
  • This voltage state depends on the mechanical closing of the switch 5 by the Belay device.
  • the safety device closes switch 5 when the shot is fired via the device 10. On the other hand, it reliably prevents closing short-term environmental forces resulting from environmental pollution. If however, the environmental forces of a regular shot are present, the switch 5 closes, at least for a short time. Even if the switch 5 is then accelerated at Exit of the bullet from the pipe opening opens again, through the condenser 6 the switch state that prevailed in the pipe is temporarily stored (because the capacitor 6 is during the pipe passage phase by the battery activating in the pipe charged) until the microprocessor 3 after stabilizing its operating voltage Uv switches on (this is the case approx. 20 - 100 m after leaving the pipe mouth).
  • the Resistor 8 ensures the adaptation of the higher voltage level of the activatable Battery 1 to the voltage level of the microprocessor. Via the resistor 7 DC path for the CMOS input port of the microprocessor 3 for the case concluded that switch 5 is open when querying the port (it must always be on small input DC current can flow).
  • the software will select unintended Activation of the battery closed and further processing of the flight program prevented. In this case, the detonator and thus the projectile remain blind. This is the Ammunition overfly guaranteed.
  • this event can Accidental activation of the battery is stored permanently in EEPROM 16 become.
  • you can query it Information can then be determined whether the battery is in the course of storage, Transport or handling phases had already been activated (unintentionally) and therefore is no longer available for the planned mission.
  • You get an additional one Means for further quality control of the "One Shot" component can be activated Battery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention aims to increase the overflight safety of a projectile, comprising a time-fuse which has an acceleration-activated battery. To this end, the safety device actuates a switch, whose position is interrogated during the flight phase and the fuse function is deactivated, if the switch is not in the correct position.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektronischen Geschoß-Zeitzünder nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Ein derartiger Zünder kann z.B. der DE 42 40 263 C1 entnommen werden. Hinsichtlich weiteren Standes der Technik wird auf US 4,454,815, DE 39 26 585 C1, DE 38 21 912 A1 und DE 692 11 638 T2 verwiesen.The present invention relates to an electronic projectile timer the generic term of claim 1. Such a detonator can e.g. the DE 42 40 263 C1 can be taken. Regarding further state of the art is on US 4,454,815, DE 39 26 585 C1, DE 38 21 912 A1 and DE 692 11 638 T2.

Moderne elektronische Zeitzünder verwenden heutzutage zur Energieversorgung vorzugsweise Batterien, die erst durch die großen Beschleunigungen, die bei der Abfeuerung eines Geschosses auftreten, mechanisch - chemisch aktiviert werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß derartig ausgerüstete Zünder keine Wartung hinsichtlich des Austausches z.B. einer sonst verwendeten Batterie-Primärzelle benötigen, da diese Batterien während ihrer Lagerung vollständig passiv sind und darum lange Lagerzeiten zulassen. Die damit ausgerüsteten Geschoßzünder sind deswegen in bezug auf den Zünderaufbau, die Laufdauerkosten und die Logistik günstiger als vergleichbare Zünder, die z.B. mit Primärzellen ausgerüstet sind.Modern electronic timers today use for energy supply preferably batteries that are only due to the large accelerations that occur at the Firing a floor occur mechanically - chemically activated. this has the advantage that detonators equipped in this way require no maintenance with regard to the exchange e.g. an otherwise used battery primary cell because these batteries during their storage is completely passive and therefore allow long storage times. The one with it equipped projectile detonators are therefore in relation to the detonator structure that Duration costs and logistics cheaper than comparable detonators, which e.g. With Primary cells are equipped.

Im allgemeinen wird bei derartig ausgestatteten Zeitzündern der Ablauf der vorher einprogrammierten Zünderlaufzeit durch das Aktivieren der Batterie, d.h. durch den Hochlauf der Batteriespannung bei der mechanisch - chemischen Aktivierung durch die Abschußbeschleunigungen gestartet. Diese Art des Laufzeitstarts hat zunächst auch den weiteren Vorteil, daß sich ein gesonderter Sensor zur Detektion der Abfeuerung im Zünder erübrigt, was zu einer weiteren Vereinfachung des Zünderaufbaus führt.In general, in the case of timers equipped in this way, the sequence becomes the previous one programmed ignition time by activating the battery, i.e. through the Startup of the battery voltage during the mechanical - chemical activation by the Launch accelerations started. This type of runtime start also has the Another advantage is that there is a separate sensor for detecting the firing in the igniter superfluous, which leads to a further simplification of the igniter structure.

Eingesetzt werden derartige Zeitzünder, die im allgemeinen aus Gründen der Überflugsicherheit keine Aufschlagfunktion besitzen, zur Initiierung der Zerlegung eines Cargo - Geschosses, das Submunition ausstößt. Da, speziell im Falle des Einsatzes bei der Artillerie, mit derartiger Munition auch eigene Truppen überschossen werden sollen, sind die Forderungen hinsichtlich der Sicherheit gegen eine zu frühe Zerlegung (Überflugsicherheit) im allgemeinen sehr hoch. Bekannte Zahlen für die maximale zugelassene Wahrscheinlichkeit einer zu frühen Zerlegung liegen zwischen 10-5 und 10-6. Timers of this type, which generally have no impact function for reasons of overflight safety, are used to initiate the dismantling of a cargo projectile that emits submunition. Since, especially in the case of use in artillery, such troops are also to be used to shoot over their own troops, the requirements with regard to security against premature disassembly (overflight security) are generally very high. Known numbers for the maximum permissible likelihood of premature disassembly are between 10 -5 and 10 -6 .

Um derartige Werte erreichen zu können, werden in der Zünderelektronik üblicherweise mehrere Maßnahmen getroffen. Diese konstruktiven Maßnahmen reichen vom Einsatz redundanter beschleunigungsfester Oszillatoren, die einem zu schnellen Ablauf der Zünderlaufzeit eines einzelnen fehlerhaft arbeitenden Oszillators vorbeugen sollen bis zum erst sehr späten Laden der Zündkreise mit Zündenergie kurz vor dem Zerlegezeitpunkt.In order to be able to achieve values of this type, igniter electronics are usually used taken several measures. These constructive measures range from use redundant acceleration-resistant oscillators, which allow the speed of the Prevent the igniter runtime of a single malfunctioning oscillator by Only very late loading of the ignition circuits with ignition energy shortly before the time of disassembly.

Der ggf. fehlerhafte (zu frühe) Zeitpunkt der Zerlegung eines Geschosses hängt jedoch nicht nur von potentiellen Einflüssen während des Fluges ab, sondern kann auch durch ein fehlerhaftes Feuerkommando, fehlerhafte Programmierung der Zünderlaufzeit und fehlerhaften Start der Zünderlaufzeit im Zünder herrühren.However, the possibly incorrect (too early) time of dismantling a storey depends not only depending on potential influences during the flight, but can also be caused by a faulty fire command, faulty programming of the igniter runtime and faulty start of the igniter running time in the igniter.

Die beiden erstgenannten Fälle sind durch Maßnahmen im Zünder nicht korrigierbar und sollen hier nicht weiter betrachtet werden. Der letztgenannte Fall des fehlerhaften (zu frühen) Starts der Zünderlaufzeit ist Ausgangspunkt für die vorgeschlagene Verbesserung hinsichtlich der Überflugsicherheit.The first two cases cannot be corrected by measures in the detonator should not be considered further here. The latter case of the faulty (to early) starts of the igniter runtime is the starting point for the proposed improvement in terms of overflight safety.

Die verwendeten aktivierbaren Batterien müssen konstruktiv so ausgelegt sein, daß sie im gesamten Temperaturbereich auch bei kleinster Treibladung bei der Abfeuerung zuverlässig aktivieren. Andererseits müssen sie mechanische Belastungen durch Umwelttests (z.B. 1,5 m Fall auf Stahlplatte) und die Beschleunigungen beim Ladevorgang ohne Aktivierung überstehen. Damit werden notgedrungen die konstruktiv bedingten Sicherheitsmargen zwischen Aktivierung und Nichtaktivierung klein. Zudem können noch Einzelfehler in der Batterie, die von mangelhafter Batteriefertigung oder Materialfehlern herrühren, diese Sicherheitsreserve weiter vermindern.The activatable batteries used must be designed so that they are in the entire temperature range even with the smallest propellant charge during firing activate reliably. On the other hand, they have to be subjected to mechanical loads Environmental tests (e.g. 1.5 m drop on steel plate) and the accelerations during the loading process survive without activation. This means that the design-related ones are inevitable Safety margins between activation and non-activation small. Also can still Individual errors in the battery, that of poor battery production or material defects originate, further reduce this safety reserve.

Es kann also nach dem oben Gesagten nicht ausgeschlossen werden, daß Batterien schon vor dem Schuß aktivieren. Wenn der Zeitzünder vor der Batterieaktivierung nicht programmiert wurde, ist ein derartiger Vorfall i.a. nur ein Problem der Gesamtzuverlässigkeit des Zünders, denn dieser Zünder würde im späteren Einsatzfalle ohne Funktion (blind) bleiben.
Wurde er hingegen vorher programmiert, so beginnt bei der bisher üblichen Elektronikauslegung der Zünder mit der Abarbeitung des Missionsprogramms, d.h. Start der Laufzeit, Laden der Zündkreise und Zündung. According to what has been said above, it cannot be ruled out that batteries activate before the shot is fired. If the timer was not programmed before the battery was activated, such an incident is generally only a problem of the overall reliability of the fuse, because this fuse would remain inoperative (blind) in later use.
If, on the other hand, it was programmed beforehand, the detonator starts with the execution of the mission program, that is, the start of the runtime, loading of the ignition circuits and ignition, with the usual electronic design.

Vor dem Abschuß, im Rohr und in einer definierten Entfernung vor dem Rohr (Vorrohrsicherheit) wird die Zündung des Geschosses i.a. durch eine mechanische (oder elektronische) Sicherungsvorrichtung verhindert. Diese Sicherungsvorrichtung ist so ausgelegt, daß unbeabsichtigte (mechanisch - pyrotechnische) Entsicherungsvorgänge nur mit sehr kleiner Wahrscheinlichkeit (1O-7 und kleiner) auftreten können.Before firing, in the pipe and at a defined distance in front of the pipe (security against the pipe), the projectile is generally prevented from igniting by a mechanical (or electronic) safety device. This safety device is designed in such a way that unintentional (mechanical - pyrotechnic) unlocking processes can only occur with a very low probability (1O -7 and smaller).

Nach dem regulären Entsicherungsvorgang der Sicherungseinrichtung sind die Zündmittel in Zündposition und kontaktiert. Erfolgt nun eine Zündung, führt dies zu einer Zerlegung des Geschosses. Bei korrektem Start der Laufzeit durch den Abschuß erfolgt die Zerlegung im vorgesehenen Zielgebiet.After the regular unlocking process of the safety device, the ignition means in ignition position and contacted. If an ignition now takes place, this leads to a disassembly of the floor. If the runtime is started correctly by the launch, the dismantling takes place in the intended target area.

Wurde die Laufzeit jedoch unbeabsichtigt früher gestartet, erfolgt, da die gleiche programmierte Zeitspanne abgearbeitet wird, die Zerlegung entsprechend früher, d.h. auf der ballistischen Bahn. Dieser unbeabsichtigte Zerlegepunkt kann so praktisch auf der kompletten Flugtrajektorie bis zum Vorrohrsicherheitsbereich nach hinten rücken. Dies führt insbesondere bei der für Zeitzünder üblichen Verwendung auf Cargomunition zu einer erheblichen Gefährdung eigener überschossener Truppenteile.However, if the runtime was started earlier unintentionally, it is the same programmed period of time is processed, the disassembly correspondingly earlier, i.e. on the ballistic trajectory. This unintended disassembly point can be so convenient on the Move the entire flight trajectory back to the front pipe safety area. This leads to cargo ammunition, in particular when used for time detonators a significant risk to own oversold troops.

Der unbeabsichtigte frühere Start der Laufzeitfunktion kann, speziell bei fehlerhafter Batterie, schon durch die Beschleunigungsvorgänge beim Laden (Ansetzen) des Geschosses auftreten. Man kann davon ausgehen, daß eine Aktivierung der Batterie beim Ladevorgang nicht mit einer Wahrscheinlichkeit von 10-5 bis 10-6 ausgeschlossen werden kann.The unintentional earlier start of the runtime function, especially in the case of a defective battery, can already occur as a result of the acceleration processes when the projectile is loaded (attached). It can be assumed that an activation of the battery during the charging process cannot be excluded with a probability of 10 -5 to 10 -6 .

Bei der Verwendung derartiger Zünder auf den bisher üblichen Geschützen, die, besonders im Erprobungsbetrieb, nur kleine Schußfolgen erzielen, sind die beschriebenen Sicherheitsprobleme durch Bahnzerleger möglicherweise durch die relativ langen Zeiten zwischen Ansetzen des Geschosses (Möglichkeit der fehlerhaften Batterieaktivierung) und Abfeuerung durch die hemmende Wirkung der Sicherungsvorrichtung gemindert worden. Ist nämlich die Zeit zwischen dem Ansetzen des Geschosses und der Abfeuerung des Geschosses länger als die programmierte Flugzeit, so zündet das elektrische Zündmittel schon im Rohr und eine weitere Durchzündung wird dann durch die Sicherstellung der Sicherungsvorrichtung verhindert. When using such detonators on the usual guns, the, especially in the test operation, achieve only small shot sequences, are the described Safety problems caused by web cutters may be due to the relatively long times between attaching the projectile (possibility of faulty battery activation) and Firing has been reduced by the inhibiting effect of the safety device. Namely, is the time between the application of the projectile and the firing of the If the projectile is longer than the programmed flight time, the electrical ignition device ignites already in the pipe and a further ignition is then ensured by the Safety device prevented.

Heute neu eingeführte Geschütze werden jedoch automatisch geladen und abgefeuert. Hier sind die Zeitvorgänge kürzer, d.h. die Zeiten zwischen automatischem Ansetzen des Geschosses und der Abfeuerung sind kleiner oder vergleichbar mit den eingestellten Zünderlaufzeiten. Auf derartigen Geschützen ist deswegen für elektronische Zeitzünder (mit aktivierbarer Batterie) mit bisherigem Stand der Technik, die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Bahnzerlegern erhöht.However, new guns introduced today are automatically loaded and fired. Here the time processes are shorter, i.e. the times between automatic preparation of the Bullet and firing are smaller or comparable to the set Igniters maturities. On such guns is therefore for electronic timers (with activatable battery) with the current state of the art, the probability of Railway cutters increased.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen elektronischen Geschoß-Zeitzünder anzugeben, der die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Bahnzerlegem stark reduziert.Based on this prior art, it is therefore the task of the present Invention to provide an electronic projectile timer that the The likelihood of a train dismantling is greatly reduced.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt gemäß dem im Patentanspruch 1 gekennzeichneten Geschoß-Zeitzünder. Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Geschoß-Zeitzünders kann den abhängigen Ansprüchen entnommen werden. Im folgenden sei anhand der beigefügten Fig. 1 der erfindungsgemäße Geschoß-Zeitzünder kurz erläutert.This object is achieved in accordance with that characterized in claim 1 Projectile time detonator. An advantageous embodiment of the projectile timer according to the invention can be found in the dependent claims. In the following with the aid of the attached FIG. 1, the projectile time fuse according to the invention is briefly explained.

An eine beschleunigungsaktivierte Batterie 1 ist über eine Entkopplungsdiode 13 ein Spannungsregler 2 angeschlossen, der die Zünderelektronik und speziell dort einen Mikroprozessor 3 mit der Betriebsspannung Uv versorgt. In dem Mikroprozessor wird das über eine induktiv arbeitende Schnittstelle 12, 15 in das EEPROM 16 einprogrammierte Flugprogramm per Software abgearbeitet und zum geeigneten Zeitpunkt die Zündung über die restliche Zünderelektronik 4 eingeleitet.An acceleration-activated battery 1 is connected via a decoupling diode 13 Voltage regulator 2 connected to the igniter electronics and specifically there Microprocessor 3 supplied with the operating voltage Uv. In the microprocessor it will programmed into the EEPROM 16 via an inductively operating interface 12, 15 Flight program processed by software and the ignition at the appropriate time the remaining igniter electronics 4 initiated.

Während der induktiven Programmierung ist die Batterie 1 noch nicht aktiviert. Deshalb wird die für den Programmiervorgang notwendige Betriebsspannung Uv über die Diode 14 und den Spannungsregler 2 aus der Energie der induktiven Programmierung abgeleitet. Die Erkennung der beiden Betriebsarten Programmierung / Flug erfolgt über den Widerstand 11 mit dem Spannungspegel am Mikroprozessorport Ub. Liegt dort keine Spannung an, so ist die Batterie noch nicht aktiviert (die Programmierspannung wird von der Entkopplungsdiode 13 vom Port Ub ferngehalten) und der Mikroprozessor erkennt beim Auftreten von Uv auf Programmierung und verarbeitet dabei die entsprechenden Programmiersequenzen an Port Up. Ist jedoch die Batterie aktiviert, so liegt am Port Ub High - Pegel an und der Mikroprozessor 3 arbeitet sein einprogrammiertes Flugprogramm ab.Battery 1 is not yet activated during inductive programming. Therefore the operating voltage Uv required for the programming process is via the diode 14 and the voltage regulator 2 is derived from the energy of the inductive programming. The two operating modes programming / flight are recognized by the Resistor 11 with the voltage level at the microprocessor port Ub. There is none Voltage, the battery is not yet activated (the programming voltage is from the decoupling diode 13 kept away from the port Ub) and the microprocessor recognizes when Uv occurs on programming and processes the corresponding ones Programming sequences on port up. However, if the battery is activated, the port is Ub High level on and the microprocessor 3 works its programmed flight program from.

Zusätzlich zur Versorgung über eine aktivierte Batterie und die Diode 13 in der Flugphase oder über die Programmierspule 12 und die Diode 14 in der Programmierphase wird die Eingangsspannung des Spannungsreglers 2 über einen Schalter 5 und die RC-Kombination 6, 7 und 8 an das Eingangsport Us des Mikroprozessors 3 geleitet. Der Schalter 5 wird über eine geeignete mechanische Betätigungseinrichtung 10 durch die mechanische Sicherungseinrichtung 9 betätigt. Im betrachteten Fall ist er offen, wenn die Sicherungseinrichtung in Sicherstellung steht, und in Scharfstellung ist er geschlossen.In addition to the supply via an activated battery and the diode 13 in the flight phase or via the programming coil 12 and the diode 14 in the programming phase Input voltage of the voltage regulator 2 via a switch 5 and the RC combination 6, 7 and 8 passed to the input port Us of the microprocessor 3. The switch 5 is over a suitable mechanical actuator 10 by the mechanical Safety device 9 actuated. In the case under consideration, it is open if the The safety device is in the safe position and in the arming position it is closed.

Durch diese Anordnung ergibt sich bei der Programmierung des Zünders schon der erste Vorteil des Verfahrens. Bei der Programmierung wird durch den Mikroprozessor 3 auch der Port Us abgefragt. Ist der Schalter offen, d.h. ist die Sicherungseinrichtung in Sicherstellung, liegt an Us keine Spannung und die Programmierung kann wie vorgesehen durchgeführt werden. Ist jedoch während des Programmiervorganges der Schalter 5 geschlossen, d.h. befindet sich die Sicherungseinrichtung in Scharfstellung, so wird die Eingangsspannung des Spannungsreglers über den Widerstand 8 an das Port Us des Mikroprozessors gegeben. Dort liegt in diesem Falle High - Pegel an und die Programmierung wird unterdrückt. Da die Programmierung im allgemeinen bidirektional erfolgt, kann in diesem Falle dieser gefährliche Zustand der Sicherungseinrichtung auch an das Programmiergerät und somit an den Bediener zurückgemeldet werden und somit Hinweise für eine weitere Handhabung des Zünders geben.This arrangement already results in the first when programming the detonator Advantage of the procedure. When programming, the microprocessor 3 also the port us queried. If the switch is open, i.e. is the safety device in Make sure there is no voltage at Us and the programming can be done as intended be performed. However, switch 5 is during the programming process closed, i.e. if the security device is in focus, the Input voltage of the voltage regulator via the resistor 8 to the port Us of the Given microprocessor. In this case there is a high level and the Programming is suppressed. Since programming is generally bidirectional in this case, this dangerous condition of the safety device can also occur the programming device and thus be reported back to the operator and thus Give instructions for further handling of the igniter.

Dadurch läßt sich auch die Forderung 4.6.6 des Zünder-Sicherheitsstandards MIL-STD 1316 D elegant erfüllen, der eine externe Kontrollmöglichkeit des Sicherheitszustandes der Sicherungseinrichtung vor Einbau des Zünders in die Munition vorschreibt. Diese Kontrolle kann dadurch über eine schon vorhandene Schnittstelle, die Programmierschnittstelle, vorgenommen werden und erfordert so keine zusätzlichen aufwendigen Maßnahmen wie Sichtfenster oder Durchbrüche am Zündergehäuse.This also enables requirement 4.6.6 of the igniter safety standard MIL-STD 1316 D elegantly meet the external control option of the Safety condition of the safety device before installing the detonator in the ammunition prescribes. This control can be done via an already existing interface Programming interface, and does not require any additional elaborate measures such as viewing windows or openings in the igniter housing.

Der zweite Vorteil (Hauptvorteil) des Verfahrens verbessert die Überflugsicherheit des Zünders bzw. des Geschosses. Beim Schuß wird während der Rohrdurchgangsphase die Batterie 1 aktiviert. Dadurch wird die Zünderelektronik mit Energie versorgt und der Mikroprozessor 3 beginnt nach Stabilisierung der Betriebsspannung Uv mit der Abarbeitung des einprogrammierten Flugprogramms. Auch hier wird der Programmablauf vom Spannungszustand des Ports Us abhängig gemacht.The second advantage (main advantage) of the procedure improves the overfly safety of the Detonator or the projectile. The shot is during the pipe passage phase Battery 1 activated. This supplies the igniter electronics with energy and the Microprocessor 3 begins with the stabilization of the operating voltage Uv Execution of the programmed flight program. Here too the program flow made dependent on the voltage state of the port Us.

Dieser Spannungszustand hängt vom mechanischen Schließen des Schalters 5 durch die Sicherungseinrichtung ab. Die Sicherungseinrichtung schließt beim Schuß den Schalter 5 über die Einrichtung 10. Andererseits verhindert sie zuverlässig ein Schließen bei kurzzeitig einwirkenden Umweltkräften, die von Umweltbelastungen herrühren. Wenn jedoch die Umweltkräfte eines regulären Schusses vorliegen, schließt der Schalter 5, zumindest kurzzeitig. Selbst wenn der Schalter 5 danach durch Beschleunigungen beim Austritt des Geschosses aus der Rohrmündung wieder öffnet, wird durch den Kondensator 6 der Schalterzustand, der im Rohr herrschte, zwischengespeichert (denn der Kondensator 6 wird während der Rohrdurchgangsphase durch die im Rohr aktivierende Batterie aufgeladen) bis der Mikroprozessor 3 nach Stabilisierung seiner Betriebsspannung Uv zuschaltet (dies ist ca. 20 - 100 m nach Verlassen der Rohrmündung der Fall). Der Widerstand 8 sorgt für die Anpassung des höheren Spannungsniveaus der aktivierbaren Batterie 1 an das Spannungsniveau des Mikroprozessors. Über den Widerstand 7 wird der Gleichstrompfad für das CMOS-Eingangsport des Mikroprozessors 3 für den Fall geschlossen, daß bei der Abfrage des Ports der Schalter 5 geöffnet ist (es muß stets ein kleiner Eingangsgleichstrom fließen können).This voltage state depends on the mechanical closing of the switch 5 by the Belay device. The safety device closes switch 5 when the shot is fired via the device 10. On the other hand, it reliably prevents closing short-term environmental forces resulting from environmental pollution. If however, the environmental forces of a regular shot are present, the switch 5 closes, at least for a short time. Even if the switch 5 is then accelerated at Exit of the bullet from the pipe opening opens again, through the condenser 6 the switch state that prevailed in the pipe is temporarily stored (because the capacitor 6 is during the pipe passage phase by the battery activating in the pipe charged) until the microprocessor 3 after stabilizing its operating voltage Uv switches on (this is the case approx. 20 - 100 m after leaving the pipe mouth). The Resistor 8 ensures the adaptation of the higher voltage level of the activatable Battery 1 to the voltage level of the microprocessor. Via the resistor 7 DC path for the CMOS input port of the microprocessor 3 for the case concluded that switch 5 is open when querying the port (it must always be on small input DC current can flow).

Repräsentiert nun die Spannung Us bei der Portabfrage durch die Software während der Flugphase den Zustand High (ist also z.B. bei einer Betriebsspannung von Uv = 5 V die Spannung Us über 2,6 V), so wird das Flugprogramm regulär abgearbeitet, das mit einer Zündung der Explosivstoffe endet.Now represents the voltage Us when the port is queried by the software during the Flight phase is in the high state (e.g., with an operating voltage of Uv = 5 V) Voltage Us above 2.6 V), the flight program is processed regularly, that with a Ignition of the explosives ends.

Ist bei der Abfrage der Zustand Us = Low, so wird durch die Software auf unbeabsichtigte Aktivierung der Batterie geschlossen und die weitere Abarbeitung des Flugprogramms verhindert. Der Zünder und damit das Geschoß bleibt in diesem Falle blind. Dadurch ist die Überflugsicherheit der Munition gewährleistet.If the status Us = Low when queried, the software will select unintended Activation of the battery closed and further processing of the flight program prevented. In this case, the detonator and thus the projectile remain blind. This is the Ammunition overfly guaranteed.

Als dritte vorteilhafte Eigenschaft des Verfahrens kann dieses Ereignis der unbeabsichtigten Aktivierung der Batterie nichtflüchtig im EEPROM 16 abgespeichert werden. Bei einer erneuten Programmierung des Zünders kann durch Abfrage dieser Information dann festgestellt werden, ob die Batterie im Verlauf von Lagerungs-, Transport- oder Handhabungsphasen schon (unbeabsichtigt) aktiviert hatte und deswegen für die geplante Mission nicht mehr zur Verfügung steht. Man erhält so ein zusätzliches Mittel für eine weitergehende Qualitätskontrolle der "One Shot"-Komponente aktivierbare Batterie.As a third advantageous property of the method, this event can Accidental activation of the battery is stored permanently in EEPROM 16 become. When re-programming the igniter, you can query it Information can then be determined whether the battery is in the course of storage, Transport or handling phases had already been activated (unintentionally) and therefore is no longer available for the planned mission. You get an additional one Means for further quality control of the "One Shot" component can be activated Battery.

Claims (13)

  1. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile with an electronic control unit (3), which with a first input (Up) is connected to a programming interface (12, 15) for the input of a time program, with a voltage regulator (2), which supplies the electronic control unit (3) from the programming information or via an acceleration-activated battery (1) at a second input (Uv) with voltage, and with a mechanical safety device (9, 10) which enables an ignition stage upon its activation, characterized in that a switch (5) actuated by the mechanical safety device (9, 10) is disposed, which connects the input of the voltage regulator (2) with a third input (Us) of the electronic control unit (3), with the finishing out of the time program becoming only possible with the actuated switch (5).
  2. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 1 with inductive programming by means of an induction coil (12), characterized in that the induction coil (12) and the acceleration-activated battery (1) are each connected across decoupling diodes (14, 13) to the input of the voltage regulator (2).
  3. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the input of the voltage regulator (2) is connected across the switch (5) and a RC storage element (6, 7, 8) to the third input (Us) of the electronic control unit (3).
  4. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the acceleration-activated battery (1) is connected across a resistor (11) to a fourth input (Ub) of the electronic control unit (3), with a high potential being required at this fourth input for the finishing out of the time program.
  5. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electronic control unit (3) permits a programming of the ignition time only if programming pulses are present at the first input (Ub) and the second input (Uv) has the high level.
  6. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electronic control unit (3) enables the finishing out of the time program only if the third input (Us) and the fourth input (Ub) have high potential.
  7. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the third input (Us) is queried during the finishing out of the flight program and blocks the ignition function if the switch does not have the correct switch position.
  8. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the third input is also queried during the programming of the fuse and deactivates the programming function if the switch does not have the correct switch position.
  9. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the incorrect switch position is indicated to an operator via a report-back channel of the programming function.
  10. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the incorrect switch position is stored during the finishing out of the flight program and a succeeding programming is deactivated based on this information.
  11. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 10, characterized in that the non-volatile stored information about an earlier battery activation is indicated to the operator via a report-back channel of the programming function.
  12. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized by a microprocessor (3) as electronic control unit.
  13. Electronic time-fuse for a projectile according to claim 12, characterized in that a non-volatile store (EEPROM 16) is connected to the microprocessor (3) in which the programmed ignition time is stored.
EP00956486A 1999-08-31 2000-08-26 Electronic time-fuse for a projectile Expired - Lifetime EP1212579B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19941301A DE19941301C1 (en) 1999-08-31 1999-08-31 Electronic timed shell detonator has timing program for electronic control unit initiated only after closure of switch via mechanical safety device
DE19941301 1999-08-31
PCT/EP2000/008321 WO2001016551A1 (en) 1999-08-31 2000-08-26 Electronic time-fuse for a projectile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1212579A1 EP1212579A1 (en) 2002-06-12
EP1212579B1 true EP1212579B1 (en) 2003-06-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00956486A Expired - Lifetime EP1212579B1 (en) 1999-08-31 2000-08-26 Electronic time-fuse for a projectile

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US6598533B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1212579B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE242472T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19941301C1 (en)
IL (2) IL148141A0 (en)
NO (1) NO321418B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001016551A1 (en)

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US7124689B2 (en) * 2004-11-22 2006-10-24 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Method and apparatus for autonomous detonation delay in munitions
US8113118B2 (en) * 2004-11-22 2012-02-14 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Spin sensor for low spin munitions
US8559575B2 (en) * 2007-12-19 2013-10-15 Apple Inc. Microcontroller clock calibration using data transmission from an accurate third party
DE102010006530B4 (en) 2010-02-01 2013-12-19 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Programmable ammunition
DE102010006529B4 (en) 2010-02-01 2013-12-12 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Method and device for transmitting energy to a projectile
RU2767827C2 (en) * 2019-12-19 2022-03-22 Акционерное общество "ПКК МИЛАНДР" Universal electronic fuse for small-caliber ammunition

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1212579A1 (en) 2002-06-12
DE19941301C1 (en) 2000-12-07
ATE242472T1 (en) 2003-06-15
IL148141A0 (en) 2002-09-12
IL148141A (en) 2006-07-05
WO2001016551A1 (en) 2001-03-08
NO20020946L (en) 2002-02-27
NO321418B1 (en) 2006-05-08
NO20020946D0 (en) 2002-02-27
US6598533B1 (en) 2003-07-29
DE50002475D1 (en) 2003-07-10

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