EP1196734A1 - Projectile a decomposition partielle pourvu d'un penetrateur dans sa partie avant - Google Patents

Projectile a decomposition partielle pourvu d'un penetrateur dans sa partie avant

Info

Publication number
EP1196734A1
EP1196734A1 EP00943836A EP00943836A EP1196734A1 EP 1196734 A1 EP1196734 A1 EP 1196734A1 EP 00943836 A EP00943836 A EP 00943836A EP 00943836 A EP00943836 A EP 00943836A EP 1196734 A1 EP1196734 A1 EP 1196734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
penetrator
core
teiizerleggeschoß
tip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00943836A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1196734B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Hadler
Erich Zeiher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWS GmbH
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG, Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP1196734A1 publication Critical patent/EP1196734A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1196734B1 publication Critical patent/EP1196734B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a partial dismantling floor according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • the effect of a projectile, especially for hunting purposes, in the target body essentially depends on its mass, its material properties and its construction.
  • There are partial dismantling storeys for example H-shell storey and torpedo storey storey, which contain two cores.
  • the so-called bow core made of a softer alloy and the so-called stern core made of a harder alloy, which faces the top of the projectile is usually used.
  • the front part of the shell and the softer nose core are mostly broken down into fragments.
  • the rear core made of the harder alloy forms the residual body. This causes the depth effect and should emerge from the target body with the formation of a reject hole.
  • the shell of the projectile may tear beyond the dividing line of the two lead cores. As a rule, this leads to a total disassembly of the bow core and to a severe fragmentation of the shell. The result is severe loss of mass of the projectile and not insignificant deformations of the stern core until it is disassembled. As a result, so much energy can be lost that it is no longer possible to reject the residual body from the target body.
  • the object of the present invention is that a rapid disassembly of the projectile jacket is initiated when the projectile hits the target body and that a committee with a defined residual size of the projectile is ensured.
  • the problem is solved with the aid of the characterizing features of the first claim. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are claimed in the subclaims.
  • the projectile according to the invention is composed of conventional partial dismantling projectiles in such a way that the bow core as a penetrator consists of the harder material and, viewed in the direction of flight of the projectile, is arranged in front of the softer projectile core.
  • the projectile according to the invention achieves a multiple effect in the target body due to its construction.
  • the penetrator which is arranged on the bow side and is made of a harder material than the projectile core, even with increased resistance in the target body, results in a safe committee due to its low disassembly and the resulting low mass loss.
  • the shape of the rear of the penetrator and the shape of the bow of the projectile core are matched to the desired disassembly properties of the projectile core as a function of the caliber, the speed of impact and the nature of the target body, a coordinated compression and wedge effect on the projectile core becomes its own Disassembly exercised.
  • the projectile core is dismantled in such a way that the splinter is preferably released in the vicinity of the bullet channel.
  • the readiness to disassemble is supported by the use of an easily deformable material such as tin or zinc.
  • the disassembly of the softer bullet core is largely determined by the design of its bow. With a conical recess centered on the projectile axis, there is a strong splitting effect.
  • the cone angle must be matched to the hardness of the material of the projectile core and the desired effect of the disassembly. The harder the material and the larger the angle, the greater the willingness to break it down into small fragments. With soft material and an acute angle, breaking out into flags, mushrooming and breaking up into large fragments predominates.
  • the angle is between 30 ° and 90 °, preferably around 60 °. If the bow of the projectile core has a trough-shaped depression, due to the initially greater resistance when penetrating into the target body, the splitting into fragments is initiated primarily by deformation of the bow of the projectile core.
  • the readiness to disassemble into fragments can be increased significantly, even up to the complete disassembly, if a cavity, for example a hole, connects to the respective recess centrally to the projectile axis.
  • This bore can be cylindrical or conical and, depending on the desired disassembly, have a corresponding depth and a corresponding diameter. The deeper the cavity, the greater the readiness to penetrate the target body for the projectile core to split into fragments. The larger the diameter, the lower the remaining material content of the projectile core and the easier it breaks down into fragments.
  • the cavity can span up to 3/4 of the length of the projectile core.
  • the rear side of the penetrator which is also made of a harder material, is naturally the decisive tool that determines the process of disassembling the projectile core.
  • the rear of the penetrator can have a conical tip, the cone angle and the acute angle of the conical depression of the projectile core being matched to one another.
  • a conical rear end of the penetrator acts like a wedge on the projectile core, and what has already been explained in the description of the design of the bow of the projectile core also applies here.
  • the projectile core is first subjected to a strong deformation before it is torn into fragments beyond the yield point due to the stress on the material.
  • the deformation effect of the penetrator is additionally supported if the conical tip or the spherical shape on the rear of the penetrator and, in mirror image, the depression on the bow of the projectile core are surrounded by an annular surface, these surfaces being perpendicular to the center line of the projectile.
  • the shape of the projectile tip has a significant influence on the flight characteristics as well as on the penetration behavior of the projectile into the target body and the disassembly behavior of the jacket.
  • the flight characteristics of the projectile are not as favorable as if the opening in the jacket is closed by a tip.
  • This tip can be a bullet hood made of a thin, soft sheet metal or a solid tip. A closed tip gives the floor less air resistance due to the more even flow lines.
  • the shape of the bullet tip also has an influence on the dismantling of the jacket.
  • the conditions are the same as for a hollow point projectile.
  • the coat will immediately tear into flags when it hits the target body.
  • the projectile will first penetrate into the target body and the dismantling of the jacket is initiated by its strong deformation by the tip and the resulting exceeding of the material's yield strength.
  • the projectile tip In contrast to the penetrator, the projectile tip consists of a softer one
  • this projectile tip is made, for example, from a biodegradable plastic.
  • the shaping of a plastic is simpler and cheaper than producing a solid projectile tip made of metal. The rest of the projectile tip remaining in the animal body or released into the landscape is biologically harmless.
  • the shape of the bow of the penetrator in turn influences the penetration resistance in the target body. If the bow of the penetrator is a flat head, only a slight deformation of the bow of the penetrator is initiated. If the bow is designed like a hollow tip, for example through a funnel-shaped depression, possibly with an adjoining cavity, greater deformation is initiated. This increases the resistance to penetration into the target body and achieves a higher energy output due to the diameter increase.
  • the projectile according to the invention has a sharp edge.
  • a sharp edge ensures a clean shot in the ceiling of the game. This is not torn apart, but punched out when shot in.
  • the entry opening which is approximately the size of a caliber, therefore ensures that the wound provides sweat as soon as it is inserted.
  • a coulter edge is preferably at the point from which the diameter of the projectile, viewed from the bow of the projectile, no longer increases.
  • the coulter edge sits at the transition point between the penetrator and the projectile core.
  • the penetrator essentially comprises the tapered part of the projectile, while the core of the projectile forms the cylindrical part of the projectile.
  • the coulter edge also has the function of a predetermined breaking point of the casing.
  • the wall thickness of the shell influences the bursting and the degree of
  • the wall thickness of the jacket in the area of the projectile core decreases in the direction of the tapering part of the projectile.
  • Sharp edge is a wall thickness jump, that is, the wall thickness in the area of Penetrators is less than in the area of the projectile core.
  • a weaker wall thickness favors the disassembly of the shell into fragments.
  • the projectile consisting of its casing, the penetrator and the projectile core and, if appropriate, the projectile hood or the tip consist of lead-free materials. Since lead and its alloys are considered toxic, the tissue interspersed with lead splinters is only considered edible to a limited extent. If, on the other hand, materials for the projectile are used according to the invention, such as plastic, and the metals copper, tin, zinc, iron, tungsten, titanium, silver, aluminum, tantalum, vanadium and possible alloys of the metals listed, the fragments penetrating into the fabric are harmless and do not cause toxic tissue contamination.
  • Figure 1 shows a partial dismantling floor according to the invention with penetrator in
  • FIG. 2 shows a projectile point as a hollow point, which is closed by a metal cap
  • FIG. 3 shows a projectile tip as a hollow tip, which is closed by a solid tip
  • FIG. 4 embodiment of the bow shape of the penetrator, here with a flat bow, Figure 5 with a conical depression in the bow and
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment for the rear shape of the penetrator and the associated bow shape of the projectile core, here with a conical rear of the penetrator, the cone and the conical recess being each surrounded by an annular surface,
  • Figure 7 is an assembly of a penetrator with a spherical rear and a projectile core with a trough-shaped recess and
  • Figure 8 shows a penetrator with a tail with a bell-shaped tip and a
  • a partial dismantling floor 1 according to the invention is shown in half section on a greatly enlarged scale.
  • a bow core 3 and a rear core 4 are enclosed by a jacket 2.
  • the bow core 3 is the penetrator and consists of a material that is harder than the rear core 4, which forms the projectile core.
  • the projectile has a hollow tip 5.
  • the opening 6 of the casing 2 can be closed by a projectile hood or a solid tip, as shown in the following FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the bow 7 of the penetrator 3 has a conical depression 8 with an adjoining cylindrical bore 9.
  • the bow shape of the penetrator influences its deformation behavior when it hits the target body.
  • the penetrator 3 essentially forms the tapering part 10 of the projectile 1. Its rear end 11 tapers in a conical shape and extends into the cylindrical one Part 12 of the projectile 1.
  • the cone angle 35 must be matched to the hardness of the material of the projectile core 4 and the desired effect of disassembling the same. The harder the material and the larger the angle 35, the greater the willingness to break it down into small fragments. With a soft material and an acute angle 35, breaking out into flags, mushrooming and disassembling into large pieces predominates.
  • the cone angle 35 is therefore approximately between 30 " and 90 * , preferably approximately 60.
  • the projectile core 4 initially has a conical bore 14 on its bow 13 for receiving the conical tail 11 of the penetrator 3.
  • the projectile core 4 which extends approximately to the center of the rear core, the projectile core 4.
  • the penetrator 3 which is made of a harder material, is pressed onto the projectile core 4, which consists of a much softer material, such as tin or zinc, act like a wedge with its conical tail 11.
  • the cavity 15 promotes the tearing open and thus the further disassembly of the projectile core 4 into fragments.
  • the jacket 2 lies both against the conical rear 11 of the penetrator 3 and against the annular end face 18, which surrounds the conical bore 14 in the projectile core 4 on the end face.
  • a bead 17 is pressed into the casing 2.
  • the end face 18 of the projectile core 4 backs off to the center line 19 of the projectile 1, as a result of which a sharp edge 16 is created in the casing 2, the sharp edge. When it passes through the deer ceiling, it creates a clean bullet hole with a clearly defined edge.
  • the corrugation 17 of the projectile 1 into the penetrator 3 and the projectile core 4 is predetermined by the bead 17 with which the coulter edge 16 is formed.
  • the coulter edge 16 acts like a predetermined breaking point.
  • the Wall thickness of the jacket 2, which surrounds the tapering part of the projectile 1 extends approximately in the same, reduced wall thickness to the opening 6 of the hollow tip 5.
  • FIGs 2 and 3 show two embodiments for the formation of the projectile tip 21.
  • the opening 6 of the casing 2 to the hollow point 5 is closed by a projectile hood 22.
  • it is a metal cap with a small wall thickness made of a much softer metal than the jacket 2.
  • the projectile hood 22 closes the opening 6 and thereby improves the aerodynamic properties of the projectile 1.
  • the projectile hood 22 will deform slightly. It will act only insignificantly on the jacket 2 and on the penetrator 3, so that the deformation and the disassembly of the jacket 2 is only initiated upon its impact.
  • the opening 6 in the jacket 2 is closed by a solid tip 23, to the conical body of which is connected a shaft 24 which is inserted in the cylindrical bore 9 of the penetrator 3.
  • the solid tip 23 strikes, it is initially deformed little and therefore penetrates into the target body before the pressure that builds up becomes so great that the jacket 2 is disassembled by pushing back the tip 23.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show further exemplary embodiments for the shape of the bow 7 of the penetrator 3. These exemplary embodiments are also suitable for closing the opening 6 of the casing 2 in accordance with the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 with a projectile hood 22.
  • the cone angle 36 corresponds to the opening angle of the tip opening which is customary for hollow projectiles.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show further exemplary embodiments for the design of the rear shape of the penetrator and the associated bow shape of the projectile core. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • the rear of the penetrator 3 has a conical tip 27 which is enclosed by an annular surface 28.
  • This annular surface 28 is also supported on an annular surface 29 which forms the end face at the bow of the projectile core 4. It encloses a conical depression 30 which receives the conical tip at the rear of the penetrator 3.
  • Both ring surfaces 28 and 29 are at right angles 37 on the center line 19 of the floor 1.
  • the penetrator exerts two effects on the softer rear core, the projectile core 4.
  • the ring surface compresses the material of the projectile core while the cone tip penetrates into the material like a wedge and tears it.
  • the cone angle 35 must also be matched to the hardness of the material of the projectile core 4 and the desired effect of the disassembly.
  • the projectile core 4 is first disassembled with massive deformation of the material.
  • the disassembly of the projectile core 4 according to the present exemplary embodiments can be accelerated if a cavity in the projectile core 4 connects to the recess 30 or the trough-shaped recess 32, respectively, centrally to the center line of the projectile 1, as is the case in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary embodiment with a bell-shaped tip 33 as the rear of the penetrator 3. It is a tip with a combined compression and splitting effect which extends into a correspondingly shaped recess 34 in the projectile core 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Fishing Rods (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
EP00943836A 1999-07-01 2000-06-20 Projectile a decomposition partielle pourvu d'un penetrateur dans sa partie avant Expired - Lifetime EP1196734B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19930474A DE19930474A1 (de) 1999-07-01 1999-07-01 Teilzerlegungsgeschoß mit Penetrator im Geschoßbug
DE19930474 1999-07-01
PCT/EP2000/005656 WO2001002794A1 (fr) 1999-07-01 2000-06-20 Projectile a decomposition partielle pourvu d'un penetrateur dans sa partie avant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1196734A1 true EP1196734A1 (fr) 2002-04-17
EP1196734B1 EP1196734B1 (fr) 2003-04-02

Family

ID=7913380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00943836A Expired - Lifetime EP1196734B1 (fr) 1999-07-01 2000-06-20 Projectile a decomposition partielle pourvu d'un penetrateur dans sa partie avant

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1196734B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE236384T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5816200A (fr)
DE (2) DE19930474A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1196734T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2190975T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1196734E (fr)
WO (1) WO2001002794A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3537094A1 (fr) 2015-12-16 2019-09-11 RUAG Ammotec AG Projectile à fragmentation amélioré et son procédé de fabrication

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6546875B2 (en) * 2001-04-23 2003-04-15 Ut-Battelle, Llc Non-lead hollow point bullet
FR2917492B1 (fr) * 2007-06-18 2011-03-18 Nexter Munitions Projectile generateur d'eclats
DE102015001559A1 (de) 2014-02-10 2015-08-13 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Pb-freies Teilzerlegungsgeschoss mit Abtrennmechanismus zwischen Geschossheck und - Ogive
US10101137B2 (en) * 2017-01-12 2018-10-16 Sig Sauer, Inc. Heat-mitigating nose insert for a projectile and a projectile containing the same
US10119797B2 (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-11-06 Sig Sauer, Inc. Cap-based heat-mitigating nose insert for a projectile and a projectile containing the same
US10690464B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-06-23 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Cartridge with combined effects projectile
US10753718B1 (en) 2018-03-16 2020-08-25 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Colored cartridge packaging
USD857523S1 (en) 2018-03-16 2019-08-27 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Cartridge packaging
DE102018119165B3 (de) 2018-08-07 2019-12-19 Metallwerk Elisenhütte GmbH Vollmantelgeschoß mit Kernen

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DE583097C (de) * 1933-08-28 Wilhelm Brenneke Jagdgeschoss
DE191181C (fr) *
DE113370C (fr) *
GB190622505A (en) * 1906-10-11 1907-05-23 Gilbert Hamilton Hoxie An Improved Projectile.
US1493614A (en) * 1920-09-01 1924-05-13 Remington Arms Co Inc Mushroom bullet
US1512026A (en) * 1922-08-17 1924-10-21 Peters Cartridge Company Bullet
US1709414A (en) * 1927-02-02 1929-04-16 Stendebach Friedrich Projectile
GB592538A (en) * 1941-12-22 1947-09-22 Lumalampan Ab Improvements in projectiles of small calibre
DE2530155A1 (de) * 1975-07-05 1977-02-03 Dynamit Nobel Ag Geschoss, insbesondere fuer faustfeuerwaffen und maschinenpistolen
DE3638721A1 (de) * 1985-11-26 1987-05-27 Dynamit Nobel Ag Doppelkammer-geschoss
ES2161061T3 (es) * 1997-08-26 2001-11-16 Ruag Munition Proyectil blindado con nucleo duro.

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Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3537094A1 (fr) 2015-12-16 2019-09-11 RUAG Ammotec AG Projectile à fragmentation amélioré et son procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1196734E (pt) 2003-07-31
ES2190975T3 (es) 2003-09-01
WO2001002794A1 (fr) 2001-01-11
DE50001639D1 (de) 2003-05-08
ATE236384T1 (de) 2003-04-15
AU5816200A (en) 2001-01-22
DK1196734T3 (da) 2003-07-14
EP1196734B1 (fr) 2003-04-02
DE19930474A1 (de) 2001-01-04

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