EP1191282B1 - Cooled grate bar - Google Patents

Abstract

The cooled grate blocks are arranged one above the other in stepped form and have a block body manufactured as a cast part with an upper wall forming a bearing surface (24) for the waste to be treated, and front wall. Both walls at their abutment point are thickened in such a way to produce a wall transition (26) filling out the corner region between the walls and with a flat inner face bounding the cooling space (55) in the uppermost area. An Independent claim is included for a grate with cooled grate blocks.

Description

The invention relates to a cooled grate block according the preamble of claim 1.

A grate block of this kind is for example in EP-B-0 713 056. This grate block has a Block body of a U-shaped cross-section, whose upper wall a support surface for the treatment Waste forms. A below the support surface arranged, to a water supply line and a Water drainage line connected refrigerator is through the upper wall and a front wall of the block body limited, which together form a corner space. It exists the danger of being in this at the top of the Refrigerator available corner space air or vapor bubbles form, through which the cooling just in the thermal particularly stressed part of the block body is impaired. To take this problem into account and the formation of the so-called dead zones too avoid, is a special arrangement of those in the refrigerator ending water supply or water discharge lines provided by which an optimal, the formation of Air bubbles aimed at counteracting cooling flow becomes. The inlet openings of the water discharge line are arranged in the upper corner space, the outlet openings the water supply line are located in the area of one the front wall of adjacent block body foot.

The present invention is based on the object to create a grate block of the type mentioned, in which by simple means the cooling impairing formation of air or vapor bubbles in the top of the refrigerator is avoided.

This object is achieved by a cooled Grate block solved with the features of claim 1.

Due to the inventive design of the Block body, in which the upper and the front wall to their collision are so thickened that the one Corner space between the two walls filling Wall transition occurs, the inner surface of the refrigerator in Its uppermost area is limited in a simple way the risk of insufficient cooling - caused by Formation of insulating air or vapor bubbles - largely eliminated. In contrast to Grate block according to EP-B-0 713 056 all in the cold room housed water pipes in a common plane be angordnet what manufacturing and assembly technology Benefits.

Preferred further developments of the inventive Grate blocks form the subject of dependent Claims.

The invention will be described below with reference to the drawing explained.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rostelementes als Teil eines Rostes nach dem Stand der Technik;

Fig. 2

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Rostblockes von unten in Pfeilrichtung P nach Fig. 1 gesehen;

Fig. 3

im vergrösserten Massstab einen Schnitt nach Linie III-III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

einen Teil eines Blockkörpers in Unteransicht;

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt nach Linie V-V in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt nach Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt nach Linie VII-VII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt nach Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9

einen Teil einer Blockkörperwand in Pfeilrichtung H nach Fig. 8 gesehen; und

Fig. 10

einen Schnitt nach Linie X-X in Fig. 4.

Show it:

Fig. 1

an embodiment of a grate element as part of a grate according to the prior art;

Fig. 2

an embodiment of an inventive grate block seen from below in the direction of arrow P of Figure 1;

Fig. 3

on an enlarged scale, a section along line III-III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

a part of a block body in bottom view;

Fig. 5

a section along line VV in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

a section along line VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

a section along line VII-VII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8

a section along line VIII-VIII in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9

seen a part of a block body wall in the direction of arrow H of Figure 8; and

Fig. 10

a section along line XX in Fig. 4th

Fig. 1 shows a per se known grate element 3 as part a grate for a thermal treatment plant of waste. An inclined grate track is in length from several grate elements 3 together. In general, will be three to five grate elements 3 arranged one behind the other. It Several grate webs can be arranged next to each other and together determine the grate width; usually One to four rust paths are used.

Each grate element 3 has several, possibly eight successively arranged in a row staircase grate block rows 4, 5, wherein in each case a fixed grate block row 4 a movable grate block row 5 follows. In every grate block row 4, 5, a plurality of grate blocks 6 'are arranged side by side. Are used instead of the air-cooled shown in Fig. 1 Grate blocks 6 'water-cooled, below with reference to FIG. 2 and 3 described rust blocks 6 used, are in usually three to four such grate blocks 6 on a Blockhalterohr 7 hung and firmly together connected, preferably screwed (in air-cooled Grate blocks 6 'is a much larger number, in the Rule 16 to 24 grate blocks 6 'per grate block row 4 or 5 necessary). At the extreme rust block every firm Grate block row 4, a side plate 15 is screwed.

Each grate block 6 'has a support surface 24', on the waste to be treated comes to lie and along which it is transported (the bearing surfaces 24 'are at an angle of about 18 ° to the horizontal plane ) Are arranged. Further, each grate block 6 'with a front wall 23 'and one with the front wall 23 'connected foot 30' provided, with which he on the Support surface 24 'of the downstream grate block 6' rests.

While the block holder tubes 7 of the fixed grate block rows. 4 attached to stationary brackets 8 are the Block holder tubes 7 of the movable grate block rows 5 at Consoles 9 attached to a movable grate carriage 10th assigned. The grate carriage 10 is by means of two driven in parallel hydraulic cylinder 11 and while rolling over 12 on treads 13 back and forth emotional. At the same time, the movable rows of grate blocks are also being used 5 moves, which have a pushing and shearing action on the exercise on the grate web located waste material, so that again and again new waste surfaces of the thermal Be exposed to treatment in the firebox simultaneous feed forward of the waste material.

In the following, an embodiment of a according to the invention, water-cooled grate block 6 based of Fig. 2 to 10 described in the above described manner rust, optionally one Combustion grate is provided.

The grate block 6 includes one as a casting manufactured block body 20 of a substantially U-shaped Cross-section, which has a rear wall 21, an upper Wall 22 and a front wall 23 has. The back Wall 21 is equipped with two hooks 25, with which the grate block 6 on the known from Fig. 1 block pipe. 7 is hung. The outer surface of the upper wall 22 forms the already mentioned bearing surface 24 for the treating waste.

The upper wall 22 and the front wall 23 are at their Clash thickened so that one the corner space between these two walls 22, 23 fills Wall transition 26 is formed (see in particular Fig. 3, 5 and 10). This has an inner surface 27 and a Outer surface 28 on, the two towards the front Wall 23 run obliquely down. The front wall 23 is connected to the already mentioned foot 30, the to is determined on the support surface 24 of a subsequent Grate block 6 to rest relatively displaceable.

The block body 20 also has a to the foot 30th adjacent, obliquely directed into the block body interior wall 31 on, over several over the grate block width evenly distributed nozzles 32 with the wall transition 26th and connected to the front wall 23. The oblique arranged nozzles 32 are provided with openings 33 which in the area of the front wall 23 an angled Exit portion 34 (see Fig. 5). By the Openings 33 is from below in the direction of arrow L of FIG. 3rd For example, air as one for the combustion of the Waste necessary oxidizing agent supplied. (At a Pyrolyserost accounts in contrast to one Combustion grate the nozzles 32 and the air openings 33, because no air is passed through the grate).

The block body 20 has two side walls 37, which with each a screw hole 38 for connecting, preferably Screwing the adjacent grate blocks 6 a Grate block row are provided. In addition, the Side walls 37 equipped with tabs 39, over which the outermost grate blocks of each fixed grate block row 4 connected to the already mentioned side plates 15, preferably can be screwed.

The upper wall 22 is on its inside with two over the grate block width extending stiffeners 43, 44 provided. At the rear stiffener 44 is a Heel 45 made. Also at the foot 30 adjacent wall 31 is provided with a shoulder 46 fitted. The two shoulder surfaces 45, 46 are used for Supporting a floor 50 (Figures 2 and 3) attached to the Stiffener 44, on the wall 31 and at the two Sidewalls 37 is welded. The floor 50 has a lower, oblique to the longitudinal direction of the grate block. 6 extending and upwardly rising part 51 and a rear wall forming part 52. The Both bottom parts 51, 52 are over a rounded part 53 interconnected. Through the front, in Seen longitudinally before the stiffening 44 lying Part of the block body 20 and through the bottom 50 is a Refrigerator 55 sealed enclosed.

In the cooling chamber 55 is shown in FIG. 2 and 3 a Arrangement 60 of water supply lines 57, 58, 59 and Water discharge lines 61, 62, 63, as a piping or as a solid block of interconnected, preferably welded steel pipes is formed in a common, along the sloping bottom portion 51 extending plane are arranged. The water supply takes place in the direction of arrow Z according to FIG. 2 over a the rear bottom portion 52 sealingly protruding Water supply main 57 instead of in one as a Art container trained water supply cross-line 58th empties. Optionally, this container has a Semicircular cross section (see Fig. 3). Of this Water supply cross-line 58 optionally branch two Water supply branching lines 59 from that to the Wall transition 26 extend and with her with a Outlet opening 59 'provided end in each case rib-like recess 35 of the wall transition 26 or in an upper, in cross-section round and in the diameter of the Branch line 59 corresponding part 36 thereof protrude (see in particular Fig. 3, 6, 7 and 8).

In such a recess 35 or her rounded upper part 36 in the wall transition 26 are respectively also with inlet openings 61 'provided end parts of Water discharge branch lines 61. Where appropriate three water discharge branch lines 61 present. Overall, therefore, five rib-like recesses 35 in the wall transition 26 at right angles to the upper and front wall 22, 23 arranged across the width of the Block body 20 evenly distributed and for the alternately juxtaposed Wasserabfuhr- and Water supply branch lines 61, 59 are provided. The water discharge branch lines 61 open at the rear in one as a kind of container optionally square Cross-section formed water drain cross-line 62nd (The already mentioned water supply branch pipes 59 project through this transverse conduit 62 sealingly therethrough.) The water drainage cross-line 62 is one with the rear Bottom part 52 sealingly penetrating water drainage main 63 connected. The water drainage or the Water return is indicated in Fig. 2 with arrow R.

The two welded together, in the rear area the refrigerator accommodated transverse lines 58, 62 are on the inclined bottom part 51 (FIG. 3). To support the Branching lines 59, 61 at its front end the adjacent to the foot 30 wall 31 in cross section semi-circular bearing surfaces 65 provided (see Fig. 3, 8 and 9). Axial are the branch lines 59, 61 on Shoulder surfaces 66 of the recesses 35 supported (Fig. 3).

Due to the inventive design of the block body 20, in which the upper and the front wall 22, 23 at their Clash are thickened so that one the corner room between the two walls 22, 23 fills Wall transition 26 is formed, the inner surface 27 of the Refrigerator 55 is limited in its uppermost area, is in easy way the danger of insufficient cooling - caused by the formation of insulating air or steam bubbles - largely eliminated. It can in the Difference to the grate block according to EP-B-0 713 056 all in Refrigerator 55 housed water pipes in one common level, what are manufacturing and Montagetechnisch is much easier and the Possibility, all pipelines to one zusammenzuschweiissen solid block and in the refrigerator 55 exactly to position.

Also, the rib-like recesses 35 each have a to the outer and inner surface 28, 27 of the wall transition 26 parallel surface 67 (Figures 3 and 8) on, so that too within the recesses 35 no corner space is formed, in which a cooling of the block body 20th could form an impairing air or vapor bubble. The from the outlet openings 59 'leaking cooling water is by the respective, acting as a kind of water pipe Recess 35 in the lower, through the lower part of front wall 23, the foot 30 and the sloping wall 31 limited part of the cooling chamber 55 deflected, flows through this one hand along the wall 31 to the rear and on the other hand in the transverse direction of the grate block 6 to the adjacent, for the water drain branch lines 61 provided recesses 35, in which it turn rises to the inlet openings 61 '. The Inlets 61 'always remain in the cooling water immersed. The rib-like recesses 35 provide also for adequate cooling of the cross-section Thickened wall transition 26.

In a further preferred embodiment additionally the cooling space 55 is substantially reduced. This extends in its length from the front wall 23rd only over part of the block body length behind, preferably up to the support line of the overlying, upstream grate block 6. With In other words, corresponds to the length of the cooling space 55 in substantially the distance of the front walls 23 of two in the longitudinal direction of the grate element 3 downstream or superposed grate blocks 6, namely the maximum distance in a resting state.

In a reduced in volume cooling space 55 is a greater pressure is allowed without the grate block 6 is exposed to an impermissible load or its wall thickness must be increased. Was the pressure in previous refrigerator limited at about 3 to 5 bar, can he now with the same dimensioning of the block body 20th be about 10 to 12 bar. But also the temperature of the Cooling water can reach higher values (instead of 80 ° C like so far, the temperature can be up to 160 ° C), which better energy yield means. In addition, smaller Cooling water required to cool the grate block 6. The cooling of the inventively designed grate block 6 is much more efficient than previous ones Grate blocks.

A rust is known to be large in length Fluctuations in temperature exposure. To this To account for fluctuations, has been the Cooling water in the grate from below against the waste flow from each grate block to the other, above the grate block directed. This is because of Relativverschiebbarkeit These grate blocks a large number of Hose connections have been necessary. There are also grates in which only the fixed grate block rows of the Be subjected to water cooling. When using Grate blocks 6, which have a higher pressure in the refrigerator 55 and allow a greater warming of the cooling water, is one Cross-cooling in the respective grate block row 4 or 5 arranged side by side, screwed together firmly Rust blocks 6 become possible.

Preferably, both the solid and the movable grate block rows 4 and 5 from the according to the invention, water-cooled grate blocks 6 composed.

As a cooling medium for cooling the inventive Grate blocks or grates water is preferably used; however, all are suitable under the term "cooling water" Understand coolants.

Claims (11)

1. A cooled grate block as part of a grate for a plant for the thermal treatment of waste, in which the grate blocks (6) are arranged like stairs one above the other, having a block body (20) which is produced as a casting and has a top wall (22), forming a supporting surface (24) for the waste to be treated, and a front wall (23), the two walls (22, 23) defining a cooling space (55) arranged under the supporting surface (24) and connected to a water-feed line (57, 58, 59) and a water-discharge line (61, 62, 63), wherein the two walls (22, 23) are thickened at their junction in such a way that a wall transition (26) filling the corner space between the two walls (22, 23) and having an essentially flat inner surface (27) defining the cooling space (55) in the uppermost region is produced.
2. The cooled grate block as claimed in claim 1, wherein an arrangement (60) of water-feed lines (57, 58, 59) and water-discharge lines (61, 62, 63) is accommodated in the cooling space (55), and these water-feed lines (57, 58, 59) and water-discharge lines (61, 62, 63) have a plurality of outlet openings (59') and respectively a plurality of inlet openings (61') and are connected in each case to a water-feed main line and water-discharge main line (57 and 63 resp.) opening into the cooling space (55).
3. The cooled grate block as claimed in claim 2, wherein the arrangement (60) in each case comprises a transverse line (58, 62) connected to the water-feed main line (57) or the water-discharge main line (63), respectively, and arranged in the rear region of the cooling space (55), a plurality of water-feed branch lines (59) being connected to the water-feed transverse line (58) and a plurality of water-discharge branch lines (61) being connected to the water-discharge transverse line (62), and these water-feed branch lines (59) and water-discharge branch lines (61) projecting with their outlet and inlet openings (59', 61', resp.) into the front region of the cooling space (55).
4. The cooled grate block as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein all the water-feed lines (57, 58, 59) and water-discharge lines (61, 62, 63) are arranged in a common plane.
5. The cooled grate block as claimed in claim 4, wherein the wall transition (26) is provided with a number of rib-like recesses (35) which are distributed along the width of the block body and are arranged at right angles to the top wall (22) and front wall (23) and into which the water-feed branch lines (59) and the water-discharge branch lines (61) project with their end parts provided with the outlet and inlet openings (59' and 61' resp.) and which are provided for deflecting the cooling-water flow.
6. The cooled grate block as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner walls of the recesses (35) comprise an inner surface (67) parallel to the inner surface (27) of the wall transition (26).
7. The cooled grate block as claimed in one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the arrangement (60) of water-feed lines (57, 58, 59) and water-discharge lines (61, 62, 63) is designed as tubing or as a block of pipelines firmly connected, preferably welded, to one another.
8. The cooled grate block as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the cooling space (55) extends toward the rear from the front wall (23) only over part of the length of the block body.
9. The cooled grate block as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the cooling space (55) extends toward the rear from the front wall (23) up to the supporting line of the upstream grate block (6) lying above it and therefore corresponds in its length essentially to the distance between the front walls (23) of two grate blocks arranged downstream of one another.
10. A grate comprising cooled grate blocks (6) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9.
11. The grate as claimed in claim 10, having a plurality of fixed grate-block rows (4) and a plurality of movable grate-block rows (5) which are arranged so as to alternately follow one another, a plurality of grate blocks (6), suspended side by side on a block-holding tube (7) and firmly connected to one another, forming the respective grate-block row (4 or 5), wherein both the fixed grate-block rows (4) and the movable grate-block rows (5) are formed by the water-cooled grate blocks (6) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7.

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