DE2329003A1 - A CONDENSER CONNECTED DIRECTLY TO THE EVAPORATION CONNECTOR OF A STEAM TURBINE DELIVERING EVAPORATION AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURE - Google Patents

Description

PAT WTAILWALTY WIUBB-ellAllI M DIPL. IN O. B. HOLZBB ammern. HMI AUG8 OFFICE raurrui- * ■

'J, 626

;, the ^. June 1973

-iestinshouse Electric Corporation, V / estinöhouse Building, Liatev / ay Center, Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania l ^l j222, V.St .A.

Immediately at the exhaust steam connection an exhaust steam of variable Temperature supplying steam turbine connected

capacitor

The invention relates to a connection directly to the steam outlet a condenser connected to a steam turbine delivering exhaust steam at a variable temperature,

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Ship turbines often stand on a foundation structure and the condenser is attached to the turbine. With this arrangement, temperature changes of the capacitor body have when in general, little impact on the installation position of the turbine. As a result, the turbine shaft remains in alignment the gearbox and with the clutches within a large one Preserved temperature range.

However, the performances of marine turbines are increasing all the time larger, increasing the size and weight of the turbine and condenser. The support of the larger grounding Condenser becomes a significant problem, particularly in terms of the condenser flange connection to the turbine.

It is therefore desirable to place the turbine on top of the condenser. However, such an arrangement raises great difficulties with regard to the alignment of the turbine with the reduction gear which is in drive connection with it, since thermal expansion of the condenser body inevitably moves the turbine out of its axially aligned position with the gear and the shaft couplings.

The invention is therefore based on the object of securing the steam turbine to the condenser by means of a corresponding one

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To enable training ae3 capacitor, so dan temperature changes of the turbine exhaust steam it is the installation position of the turbine not affect.

Iia sense the solution to this task is a capacitor The invention is of the type set out in the introduction characterized in that the supported by the foundation structure and means for holding the steam turbine holding condenser to be essentially independent of the evaporation temperature Having the same temperature as the condenser body temperature at the condensate temperature.

The advantage is that the condenser body is on its inside with one running in the area of his support level Trough provided, v / elcher close to one the steam inlet connection connected to the exhaust steam connection of the x'urbine located area extends into it upwards.

The trough is constantly filled with condensate during operation supplied and at or near the saturation temperature of the steam kept at the exhaust pressure. As a result, the Condenser body temperature even at high evaporation temperatures (for example when reversing) and low pressure (due to the full heat load and the capacitor characteristics)

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and not essentially kept at the saturation temperature for the prevailing condenser pressure significantly influenced by the high evaporation temperature.

The said trough is preferably condensate from the Condensate collector supplied, the temperature of which is about the saturation temperature for the prevailing low Condenser pressure is maintained, excess condensate is continuously drained, preferably by means of an overflow pipe, and fed back into the condensate collector. Yes prevents overflowing condensate from dripping onto the condenser tubes or through the at high speed entering turbine exhaust steam is entrained.

Some preferred embodiments of the invention are provided is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, for example. Show it:

Fig. 1 * shows a partial section of a capacitor

according to the invention with a steam turbine carried by the condenser,

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the in

Fig. 1 shown capacitor,

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3 shows an enlarged section

des rait reference to Fig. 2 right upper part of the capacitor, the Details of the trough construction according to the invention shows, and

Figures H and 5 are similar to Figures 1 and 2 representations of another embodiment of the invention.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the invention, wherein a steam turbine IU is a steam condenser is connected downstream according to the invention. The turbine shown in the present exemplary embodiment is a low-pressure marine turbine, which in a manner known per se with partially expanded in a high-pressure turbine (not shown) Motive steam is applied. The turbine 10 has a suitable coupling, not shown and a reduction gear with a ship propeller in Drive connection standing output shaft 14 on.

The turbine 10 has a steam inlet connection 15 for the drive of the turbine when the ship is moving forward and a steam inlet connection 16 for driving the turbine

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Backward movement of the ship.

The turbine exhaust steam from the turbine 10 is passed through an exhaust steam connection 18 into the condenser 12.

The condenser 12 has a condenser body 20 and a tube bundle 21 arranged therein, the latter extending transversely to the axis A of the turbine 10 through the condenser body for the purpose of heat exchange. The tubes are held at their two ends in suitable tube sheets 22 and 23 which, together with suitable covers 25 and 27, form inlet and outlet water fittings 28 and 29, the latter being connected to the tubes 21.

The cover 25 is provided with a water inlet connection 30 and the cover 27 with a water outlet connection 31. Cooling water from a suitable, not shown cooling water source, for example sea water, is introduced through the inlet connection 30, from where it flows through the inlet water chamber 28 and from there through the pipes 21 into the outlet water chamber 29. As it flows through the pipes 21, the cooling water removes heat from the turbine exhaust steam and thereby condenses the same. After that, the heated cooling water is passed through the outlet into the sea.

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The capacitor body 20 has a at its bottom Condensate collector 33, at the bottom of which a pipe 34 to Aondensate discharge is connected. In the discharge pipe a suitable pump 35 is connected for pumping the condensate back into the steam generator (not shown).

As can best be seen from FIG. 2, the capacitor 12 is in an opening 36 of a ship structure arranged and in one through the upper part of the capacitor body 20 extending plane P-P 'by means of two foundation structures 40 suspended. The foundation structures are arranged outside the outer walls 41 and 42 of the capacitor body and each have a lower one horizontal post part 43, an upper horizontal flange part 44 and a plurality of spaced struts 45. The foot parts 43 rest on the ship structure 37 and support the condenser on it, while the upper flange parts 44 support the lower part of the turbine exhaust steam connection 18 and the turbine 10 located thereon.

In this arrangement, the entire weight of the turbine 10 by the between the foot parts 43 and the upper Flange parts 44 lying part of the capacitor body 20 carried. As a result, the vertical position of the turbine

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wave 14 depends significantly on the thermal expansion properties of the Condenser body x ^ uring a heating period influenced when the turbine 10 is in operation, the out-of-operation state is taken as a reference point when the turbine is not running and the temperature of the condenser body is the same as the ambient temperature.

The critical part of the capacitor body 20 is that between the foot parts 43 and the splash parts 44 Circumference area 47,

According to the invention, for the purpose of reducing the thermal expansion of the capacitor body region 47 is a inner V / andungsstruktur 50 connected to the outer wall 42 by means of a bottom part 51, so that thereby a elongated open condensate channel or condensate trough is formed, which is connected to the inner 53 of the condenser in Connection.

As can be seen most clearly from FIGS. 1 and 3, a distributor plate 55 is attached to the outer wall 42, which, however, is arranged at a small distance from the inner wall. If necessary, the distribution plate 55 a plurality of spaced openings

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show. The distributor plate 55 is approximately in the middle of the condensate 52 arranged and one in the outer Wall of the condenser body 20 inserted connecting flange 57 forms an inlet port 58 for below the. Distributor plate 55 in the trough 52 flowing condensate, as will be described below.

In order to prevent steam from entering the trough 52 at high speed, is on the outer wall a baffle 60 attached and arranged so that it is over the inner wall 50 protrudes. When shown and above The outer wall is a flat, vertical part. The inner wall is also polar Wall 50 is flat and vertical, so that the trough has a uniform cross-sectional shape.

The outer capacitor body wall 41, however, has an upper »at an angle of approximately 45 inward inclined part 61 (Fig. 2). Accordingly, in this Area, an inner wall 62 is provided, one corresponding to the outer wall part 6l also one inward has inclined upper part 63 and thereby an elongated condensate trough 65 of uniform cross-sectional shape manufactures in this part of the capacitor.

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In this embodiment, too, an inclined baffle plate 66 (similar to the baffle plate 60) is provided which projects over the wall part 63 so that no steam can get into the trough 65 at high speed.

By another connection flange 57a, which is in the outer capacitor body wall 41 is used is Condensate can be fed into trough 65.

As is best shown in FIG. 1, the trough is delimited at both ends by two transverse walls 68 and 68, each of which is attached with its lower edge to the base plate 51 and with its upper edge to the condenser body wall hj.

The trough 65 is limited at both ends in a manner similar to that of the trough 52, but this need not be shown separately.

The condensate inlet ports 57 and 57a are connected by parallel rollers 7Ό and ¹ Jl to the conveyor exte of a pump 35, so that part of the condensate normally pumped back to the steam generator is passed into the condensate troughs 65 during operation.

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In operation, when the used steam of the turbine 10 is condensed in the condenser 12, the condensate drips into the condensate collector 33, from where it is via the pipe 3 ^ is discharged by means of the pump and pumped back to the steam generator, not shown, where the condensate is again evaporated and in a closed circuit, as is known per se, the turbine 10 is supplied as motive steam.

Some of this condensate is, however, via the pipes 71 and 71 the condensate troughs 52 and 65 below the distributor plate 55 supplied. If the condensate level in the trough rises, the condensate flows around the distributor plate 55 around and through the apertures 56 so that it substantially fills the trough. So that the condensate overflows into the steam flow path and dripping onto the surface of the condenser tubes 21 is prevented, one or more overflow pipes 7 3 are provided, which at the inner wall 50 can be attached. In a similar way Way can one or more overflow pipes 7 ^ on the inner Wall 62 be attached. The pipes 73 and 7 ^ run along the outer edge of the tube bundle B (Fig. 2) and past it down and direct the overflowing condensate directly in the condensate collector 33.

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Since the condensate is continuously pumped from the condensate collector into the troughs 52 and 65, and since this condensate is almost at the saturation temperature for the low pressure conditions in the condenser, the condenser body 20 is kept at the condensate temperature regardless of the evaporation temperature. As a result, the condenser body is kept at the saturated steam temperature for the corresponding pressure even at a high evaporation temperature (for example when driving backwards), but at a low evaporation pressure (because of the full heat load). Accordingly, the thermal expansion of the condenser is reduced to a minimum, at least in the area between the support ^{plane PP 1} and the flange parts 44, so that this eliminates any movement of the turbine 10 which would otherwise cause the turbine shaft 14 and the associated gearbox and the clutches to be out of alignment could.

4 and 5 show another embodiment of the Invention. This other embodiment is that described above Embodiment basically similar. Here is however, the turbine 10 is mounted on and supported by a condenser 75, and the condenser is in turn supported at its lower part by a foundation construction.

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It can be clearly seen that in this embodiment the entire outer condenser wall 78 of the condenser runs between the support device HP-MP ¹ and the turbine exhaust steam connection 80. Accordingly, the entire condenser body wall is exposed to thermal expansion during operation, which can result in undesirable movements of the turbine out of its aligned position.

According to the invention, the thermal expansion of the condenser body 78 is expanded vertically by providing two Trough structures 80 and 8l, which extend from the condensate collector 83 essentially to the condenser flange 84 extend upward.

As in the first-described embodiment, the two troughs 80 and 81 are on opposite sides Sides of the tube bundle 85 (see. Fig. 5) arranged and through end walls 86 and 87 of the condenser body and through inner walls 88 and 89 limited.

In this embodiment, the two troughs 81 and 81 each contain a condensate column, which is essentially over the entire vertical extent of the condenser walls 86 and 87 extends.

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In other respects, this embodiment is similar to the first-described embodiment does not need to be further described.

The invention thus includes an arrangement in which unpredictable overheating of the capacitor body is prevented and at which the thermal expansion of the capacitor body during operation to a predictable level Minimum is restricted.

In addition, with the arrangement described above, the turbine can be mounted on and off the condenser are then guaranteed that adverse displacements of the turbine are reduced to a minimum within a wide operating range.

It must also be emphasized that in both embodiments of the invention, the condensate troughs opposite sides of the tube bundle are arranged and substantially the same extent like having the tube bundle. The end faces of the capacitor body do not necessarily need for two reasons to be provided with a condensate trough, because firstly the cooling water in the water chambers and pipes is optimal

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Heat gradient for the adjacent parts of the condenser body and, secondly, these end-face areas of the capacitor body are not normally within the Capacitor body foundation structure 37 and 77 is located, so that a thermal expansion of these areas, the installation position the turbine cannot influence.

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Claims (5)

Claims G) Directly on the exhaust steam connection of an exhaust steam variable temperature steam turbine connected condenser, characterized in that the condenser (12) carried by a foundation structure (37 or 77) and holding the steam turbine (10) Means (52, 65; 80, 8l) for keeping the condenser body temperature essentially independent of the evaporation temperature at the condensate temperature. 2. Capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that said device (52, 65; 80, 81) is one having upwardly extending inner wall (50, 63; 88, 89) connected to the capacitor body (20), which together with the condenser body an open condensate channel communicating with the interior of the condenser forms. 3. Capacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that that the condensate channel (52, 65; 80, 8l) designed as a condensate trough and with supply means (57, 57a, 70) for Fresh condensate is provided. - 16 309881/0848 4. Condenser according to claim 3, characterized in that an overflow pipe (73 »7 * 0 overflowing condensate from the Condensation (52, 65; 30, 81) in the condensate collector (33) of the capacitor (12) conducts. 5. Capacitor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that it is located in a plane (P-P ') in the region of the upper part of the capacitor body (20) is supported on the foundation structure (37). - 17 309881 / 08A8 4 * Blank page