EP1185996A1 - Disjoncteur d'alimentation haute tension dote d'un canal d'ecoulement - Google Patents

Disjoncteur d'alimentation haute tension dote d'un canal d'ecoulement

Info

Publication number
EP1185996A1
EP1185996A1 EP00949083A EP00949083A EP1185996A1 EP 1185996 A1 EP1185996 A1 EP 1185996A1 EP 00949083 A EP00949083 A EP 00949083A EP 00949083 A EP00949083 A EP 00949083A EP 1185996 A1 EP1185996 A1 EP 1185996A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
area
flow resistance
specific flow
circuit breaker
voltage circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00949083A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1185996B1 (fr
Inventor
Volker Lehmann
Hold Dienemann
Friedrich Loebner
Michael Punger
Claudia Wiesinger
Jörg HAGEN
Hartmut Knobloch
Ralf Bergmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7911813&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1185996(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1185996A1 publication Critical patent/EP1185996A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1185996B1 publication Critical patent/EP1185996B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker with two arcing contact pieces, which are separated from one another when switched off and between which, if necessary, an arc is drawn in an arcing space filled with an extinguishing gas, with the arcing gas heated by the arc from the constriction of an insulating nozzle surrounding the arcing space flows out through at least one outflow channel, which has a plurality of areas which are successively traversed by the extinguishing gas.
  • Such a high-voltage circuit breaker is known for example from DE-Ü 93 14 779.1 or from DE-OS 29 47 957.
  • an arc is drawn between two arcing contact pieces in the event of a switch-off, which is blown by an extinguishing gas and is to be extinguished and prevented from bucking.
  • a heating room is often provided in which the quenching gas heated by the arc is stored under high pressure until the next current zero crossing of the current to be switched, in order then to flow back to the arc chamber when the pressure drops in the arc chamber and to cool the quenching gas there.
  • the extinguishing gas In order to achieve effective cooling, the extinguishing gas must then be able to flow through an outflow channel into an expansion space.
  • the extinguishing gas is in one
  • Cow equipment cooled and deionized Such cow devices have, for example, so-called mesh coolers in the form of perforated plates and metal meshes, in which the interaction surface for the hot extinguishing gas is extremely large.
  • the cooling of the quenching gas also prevents ionized quenching gas from flowing into the switching path between the arcing contact pieces in a timely further switching process.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a high-voltage circuit breaker of the type mentioned at the outset, in which an outflow behavior of the extinguishing gas which is optimized with regard to the arc extinction is achieved through the outflow channel.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the first area facing the constriction of the nozzle has a lower specific flow resistance than the constriction and in that at least a second area, a third area and a fourth area are arranged downstream of the first area in the outflow direction of the extinguishing gas the specific flow resistance of the second and fourth areas is in each case greater than the specific flow resistance of the area immediately preceding in the downstream direction and that the specific flow resistance of the d ⁇ t- th area is smaller than that of the second area.
  • the extinguishing gas flows with braking in each case through an area with a greater specific flow resistance, and then in an area with a lower specific flow resistance, which virtually forms an expansion volume, to expand.
  • the extinguishing gas pressure in the arc space can be controlled in its time course and thus a pressure curve optimized for the arc extinguishing or the avoidance of flashback of the arc can be achieved.
  • specific flow resistance is understood to mean the flow resistance for the extinguishing gas based on the length unit in the flow direction.
  • the invention can advantageously be used in insulating nozzle switches which are equipped with a boiler room in which extinguishing gas heated by the arc can be stored under high pressure up to the zero crossing of the current to be switched.
  • a mechanical compression device for the extinguishing gas can be provided in the form of a compression piston and a compression cylinder.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that each have a larger specific flow resistance having areas have cross-sectional constrictions of the outflow channel.
  • Such cross-sectional constrictions can be caused, for example, by a conical narrowing of a region surrounding the outflow channel
  • Pipe for example a pipe carrying the continuous current contact or by thickening a bolt running centrally in the outflow channel.
  • a gear mechanism for driving an arcing contact piece can also be provided in the outflow channel, for example if both
  • Arc contact pieces are moved simultaneously by means of a common switch drive.
  • the gear unit must then be taken into account when calculating the cross-sections.
  • Constrictions and nozzles in the outflow channel can each be formed by internals made of an insulating material, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene, or can also be coated with such a material.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that one of the regions with a greater specific flow resistance than the preceding region is designed as a radial deflection device for the extinguishing gas flow.
  • Such a radial deflection can be provided, for example, in the form of a nozzle which deflects the extinguishing gas flowing axially in a radial direction or by more than 90 °.
  • a larger expansion space for the extinguishing gas can be provided behind the deflection device.
  • the invention can also be advantageously configured in that at least one of the areas with greater flow resistance is designed as a check valve or group of check valves.
  • the check valve (s) have a linearly closing plate closing an opening.
  • at least one of the check valves has at least one, in particular two, closure flaps which can be pivoted about a hinge.
  • the pivotable flaps can be pivoted almost completely out of the outflow channel in the forward direction, so that only a small increase in the specific flow resistance can be achieved.
  • the areas with a higher specific flow resistance are formed by bodies arranged in the outflow channel and having a plurality of through openings for the extinguishing gas.
  • Such bodies are understood to mean, for example, perforated sheets or metal mesh (mesh cooler).
  • the invention can also be advantageously carried out in that at least one area with a larger specific
  • Flow resistance are designed as a flow labyrinth.
  • Entry openings and exit openings is formed, m the movable body, for example PTFE balls are arranged in bulk.
  • the outflow channel extends from the nozzle constriction to a drive side and that at least one of the areas with a greater specific flow resistance in the sense of the flow of the exhaust gas is arranged downstream of a switch tube on the drive side which carries the arcing contact piece on the drive side.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 show schematically in a longitudinal section a part of an interrupter unit of a high-voltage circuit breaker, the areas with a larger specific flow resistance and with a lower specific flow resistance in the outflow region on the side of the arcing contact piece designed as a contact pm differing in each case Are realized.
  • Figure 1 is a constriction by a constriction of the
  • FIG. 2 is a constriction, which is formed by an insert in a contact tube
  • FIG. 3 shows two constrictions, which are each realized by thickening of the contact pin
  • Figure 4 shows three areas with greater specific flow resistance, which are realized by intermediate floors provided with passage openings
  • Figure 5 shows an area with greater flow resistance, which is realized by a valve with pivotable flaps
  • Figure 6 shows an area with greater flow resistance, which is caused by a thickening of a contact pin 7, an area with greater flow resistance, which is realized by a device for radial gas deflection
  • FIG. 7 an area with greater flow resistance, which is realized by a valve with pivotable flaps, and a device for radial gas deflection
  • FIG. 8 a configuration of the drive-side outflow - channel.
  • FIG. 1 shows part of an interrupter unit of a high-voltage circuit breaker with an insulating housing 1, which consists, for example, of porcelain or a composite insulator and in which two continuous current contacts 2, 3 are arranged.
  • the housing can also be designed as a grounded metal housing.
  • a movable and drivable arcing contact piece 4 is connected, the is designed as a tulip contact.
  • This arcing contact piece has radially resiliently arranged contact fingers on its circumference.
  • the drivable arcing contact 4 interacts with a fixed arcing contact 5 in the form of a contact pin. In the switched-on state, this passes through the constriction 6 of the insulating nozzle 7 and makes resilient contact with the drivable arcing contact piece 4.
  • an arc is drawn in the arcing space 9, which heats up quenching gas located there, for example SFg (sulfur hexafluoride), so that it expands.
  • quenching gas for example SFg (sulfur hexafluoride), so that it expands.
  • the expanded extinguishing gas is at least partially passed through a heating duct 10 into a heating room 11, where it is initially stored.
  • the alternating current to be switched passes zero, the arc 12 extinguishes and the quenching gas stored in the heating space 11 flows back through the heating duct 10 to the arc space 9, in order to prevent the arc from reigniting at the next voltage rise by cooling.
  • the outflow channel through which the extinguishing gas flows for example on the side of the fixed arcing contact piece 5, first has a first area 12 , which has a reduced flow resistance compared to the nozzle constriction 6.
  • the outflow cross section is considerably larger there than in the area of the nozzle constriction 6.
  • the first area 12 is followed by a second area 13, which has a greater specific flow resistance than the first area.
  • This second area is designed as a constriction of the contact tube 20 carrying the continuous current contact 3.
  • the second area has a conically tapering area and a nozzle constriction.
  • the second region 13 is adjoined in the flow direction of the extinguishing gas by the third region 14, which first has a conical widening of the outflow channel and then a cylindrical region, the specific flow resistance being lower in the third region than in the second region 13.
  • the third area 14 is followed by a fourth area 15, which has a greater specific flow resistance than the third area 14 and which is designed as a device for radially deflecting the flow of extinguishing gas to the outside.
  • a braking of the extinguishing gas flow takes place in each of the areas 13, 15, which leads to a backflow of the extinguishing gas.
  • pressure waves run counter to the extinguishing gas flow in the direction of the arc space 9.
  • Areas with low specific flow resistance can be selected so that an optimal chronological sequence of the backwash waves migrating to the arc space and thus an optimal temporal pressure profile is achieved there.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement which is the same as the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 except for the outflow channel.
  • a first region 16 of the outflow channel is provided, which is essentially cylindrical and has a lower specific flow resistance than the nozzle constriction 6 of the insulating nozzle 7.
  • the first region 16 is followed by a second region 17, which has an increased specific flow resistance compared to the first region, in that the contact tube 21 has an insert 22 there, which creates a nozzle constriction in the outflow channel.
  • the insert 22 can also be formed as an integral part of the contact tube 21.
  • the second area 17 is followed by a third area 18, in which the cross section of the outflow channel initially widens, so that the specific flow resistance there is lower than in the second area 17.
  • the widening part of the third area 18 opens into a cylindrical part.
  • the third area 18 is followed by a fourth area 19 in the form of radial through openings of the contact tube 21, so that there is a radial deflection of the extinguishing gas flow to the outside, which in this fourth area 19 causes a greater specific flow resistance than in the third area 18th
  • the extinguishing gas can expand to a certain extent in areas 16, 21 with a lower specific flow resistance. In this way, the outflowing quantity of extinguishing gas passes through backflow areas and expansion areas in chronological succession, so that a specific temporal pattern of pressure waves can be generated by the backwater.
  • the temporal profile of the pressure waves in the arc space that can be achieved in this way depends on the distance between the individual areas and on the ratio of the specific flow resistances present in each case.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention in which areas 23, 24 with greater specific flow resistance are produced in that the contact pin 25 has thickenings 25, 26 in these areas. Parts of the contact pin 5 with a smaller diameter are provided between the thickenings 25, 26, so that there are regions 27, 28 with a lower specific flow resistance.
  • the areas 29, 30, 31 with greater specific flow resistance are provided with plates 32, 33, 34 which have openings 35 for the passage of extinguishing gas.
  • closure plates 36 which close the openings in the plate 33 in a spring-loaded manner and which are lifted off the plate 33 by the extinguishing gas, so that the extinguishing gas can flow away from the insulating nozzle 7 but cannot flow back.
  • Areas 37, 38 with lower specific flow resistance than expansion volumes are arranged between the areas 29, 30, 31.
  • the area 31 is followed by an area 39 with a lower specific flow resistance, followed by an area 40 in the form of radial outflow openings in the contact tube 21.
  • These radial outflow openings 40 deflect the gas flow in the radial direction and thus likewise represent an area with greater specific flow resistance.
  • FIG. 5 an interrupter unit is partially shown, in which a check valve 41 is arranged in the contact tube 21, which has at least two flaps 43, 44 which can be pivoted about a hinge 42 and which, in the idle state, close the cross section of the contact tube 21 and prevent gas flow be opened in the event of a shutdown, so that the quenching gas can flow through the check valve formed.
  • the check valve also represents an area with a greater specific flow resistance than the cylindrical area 45 of the contact tube 21 in the open state. If an increased gas pressure is formed in the cylindrical area 46, which adjoins the check valve, the gas flows back Extinguishing gas prevented by the valve 41.
  • the quenching gas can flow out of the cylindrical region 46 with lower flow resistance through radial outflow openings 47, each of which is provided with a metal mesh.
  • the outflow openings 47 thus represent areas of greater specific flow resistance.
  • the extinguishing gas is deflected radially here and at the same time is cooled and braked by the metal mesh.
  • FIG. 6 shows an interrupter unit of a high-voltage circuit breaker, which has a radial deflection device 48 in the form of a nozzle, which is designed as a region with a greater specific flow resistance.
  • This area 48 is preceded by a cylindrical area 49 which has a lower specific flow resistance.
  • the extinguishing gas flows through a narrow point 50, which is created by a thickening of the contact pin 51 and which represents an area with a greater specific flow resistance.
  • FIG. 7 shows an interrupter unit which is similar to that of the interrupter unit shown in FIG. 6, wherein according to FIG. 7 there is no thickening of the contact pin 51, but the contact pin carries a check valve 52 which is provided with a plurality of pivotable plates 58, which form a region with increased specific flow resistance for the extinguishing gas flowing away from the arc space and which prevent backflow of the extinguishing gas from region 55 with reduced specific flow resistance in the direction of the arc space.
  • the area 55 is followed by a deflection device 48, from which the quenching gas can flow through an annular channel 56 to a metal grid 57. After being deflected again, the extinguishing gas flows through the openings of the metal grid 57 into the expansion space 54.
  • FIG. 8 shows an interrupter unit in which a first cylindrical region is provided in the drive-side outflow channel 59 within the switching tube, which carries the tulip-shaped arcing contact 4. Downstream of the first area is a further area 60, which is formed by the coupling of a switching rod 61 to the switching tube 62 and in which the specific flow resistance is increased by a narrowing of the cross section. In the third area 63, the extinguishing gas can continue to flow axially without hindrance, so that there is no back pressure.
  • the fourth region is formed in front of an end plate 64 in that extinguishing gas is deflected there by radial outlet openings 65 and exits in an expansion space.
  • the interrupter unit can be achieved in different ways, that areas with a lower specific flow resistance and areas with a larger specific flow resistance alternate in the outflow channel, areas with a greater specific flow resistance being able to be formed as constrictions, metal mesh, perforated plates or check valves, while areas with a lower specific flow resistance can be formed as cylindrical tubes or widening cone-shaped tubes can be formed.
  • the outflow channel on the drive side can also be formed, which begins in the interior of the tulip-shaped arcing contact piece.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un disjoncteur d'alimentation haute tension doté de deux pièces de contact d'arc électrique (4,5) qui, en cas de déconnexion, sont séparées l'une de l'autre et entre lesquelles un arc électrique (12) est éventuellement entretenu dans un compartiment d'arc électrique (9) rempli de gaz d'extinction. Le gaz d'extinction chauffé par l'arc électrique s'écoule dans au moins un canal d'écoulement (voir revendication 1) à partir du passage étroit (6) d'une buse isolante (7) entourant le compartiment d'arc électrique. Ce canal d'écoulement présente plusieurs zones (12,13,14,15) successivement parcourues par le gaz d'extinction. Selon l'invention, la première zone (12) faisant face au passage étroit de la buse (12) présente une résistance spécifique à l'écoulement réduite par rapport à celle du passage étroit (6) et la première zone (12) est suivie dans le sens d'écoulement du gaz d'extinction d'une deuxième zone (13), d'une troisième zone (14) et d'une quatrième zone. La résistance spécifique à l'écoulement de la deuxième zone et celle de la quatrième zone sont respectivement supérieures à la résistance spécifique à l'écoulement de la zone immédiatement en amont dans le sens d'écoulement. Enfin, la résistance spécifique à l'écoulement de la troisième zone (14) est inférieure à celle de la deuxième zone (13).
EP00949083A 1999-06-11 2000-06-09 Disjoncteur d'alimentation haute tension dote d'un canal d'ecoulement Revoked EP1185996B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19928080A DE19928080C5 (de) 1999-06-11 1999-06-11 Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einem Abströmkanal
DE19928080 1999-06-11
PCT/DE2000/001918 WO2000077809A1 (fr) 1999-06-11 2000-06-09 Disjoncteur d'alimentation haute tension dote d'un canal d'ecoulement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1185996A1 true EP1185996A1 (fr) 2002-03-13
EP1185996B1 EP1185996B1 (fr) 2003-09-10

Family

ID=7911813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00949083A Revoked EP1185996B1 (fr) 1999-06-11 2000-06-09 Disjoncteur d'alimentation haute tension dote d'un canal d'ecoulement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6646850B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1185996B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1186795C (fr)
AU (1) AU6259600A (fr)
DE (2) DE19928080C5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000077809A1 (fr)

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ATE457520T1 (de) * 2006-12-06 2010-02-15 Abb Research Ltd Hochspannungsschalter mit einem isoliergasgefüllten metallbehälter
FR2924267A1 (fr) * 2007-11-22 2009-05-29 Areva T & D Sa Disjoncteur haute tension a echappement de gaz ameliore
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EP3149757B1 (fr) * 2014-06-02 2018-08-08 ABB Schweiz AG Interrupteur de haute tension à soufflage de gaz et unité de disjoncteur comprenant un tel interrupteur à soufflage de gaz
DK3422381T3 (da) * 2017-06-29 2022-10-24 Abb Schweiz Ag Gasisoleret belastningsafbryder og koblingsudstyr, der omfatter en gasisoleret belastningsafbryder
CN110914947B (zh) * 2017-07-31 2021-12-28 通用电器技术有限公司 设置有吹弧单元的电气开关
CN111406350B (zh) * 2017-12-01 2021-10-29 株式会社东芝 气体断路器
EP3618088A1 (fr) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-04 ABB Schweiz AG Buse pour disjoncteur haute ou moyenne tension
CN111064173B (zh) * 2019-12-03 2021-11-02 国网浙江平阳县供电有限责任公司 一种配电网防雷装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1186795C (zh) 2005-01-26
US6646850B1 (en) 2003-11-11
WO2000077809A1 (fr) 2000-12-21
AU6259600A (en) 2001-01-02
EP1185996B1 (fr) 2003-09-10
CN1355925A (zh) 2002-06-26
DE50003658D1 (de) 2003-10-16
DE19928080C1 (de) 2001-02-08
DE19928080C5 (de) 2006-11-16

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