EP1183456B1 - Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner avec peu d'emissions un systeme de reservoir a carburant monte en particulier dans un vehicule automobile - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner avec peu d'emissions un systeme de reservoir a carburant monte en particulier dans un vehicule automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1183456B1
EP1183456B1 EP01913544A EP01913544A EP1183456B1 EP 1183456 B1 EP1183456 B1 EP 1183456B1 EP 01913544 A EP01913544 A EP 01913544A EP 01913544 A EP01913544 A EP 01913544A EP 1183456 B1 EP1183456 B1 EP 1183456B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel tank
tank system
pressure
motor vehicle
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01913544A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1183456A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Streib
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1183456A1 publication Critical patent/EP1183456A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0809—Judging failure of purge control system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to control devices for monitoring the emission of fuel vapors in motor vehicles.
  • the invention relates to a method and a device for operating a fuel tank system of a Motor vehicle, in particular for carrying out a temporary leak test of the fuel tank system, when an activated carbon filter for intake of in the fuel tank system formed gas or vapor Fuel is provided.
  • the control device is used in particular, approximately occurring Capture fuel vapor by means of an activated carbon filter and this temporarily in the activated carbon filter save.
  • Volatile fuel vapors that are mostly hydrocarbon vapors, for example, form during a refueling operation of the vehicle or due to an increasing fuel temperature in the tank and a concomitant increase in the Fuel vapor pressure.
  • the storage capacity of the activated carbon filter is now decreasing with increasing amount of stored hydrocarbon steadily and therefore it is necessary the activated carbon filter to regenerate at regular intervals, i.e. the stored hydrocarbon from this to dissolve again.
  • the activated carbon filter via a regeneration valve with a suction of combustion air serving intake manifold of the internal combustion engine connected. By opening the regeneration valve thus creates a pressure gradient between the Activated carbon filter and the intake manifold, by means of which the hydrocarbon stored in the activated carbon filter is guided into the suction pipe to ultimately in the Internal combustion engine burned and disposed of.
  • the negative pressure but also 'active' means the internal combustion engine are generated, wherein the Tank or the entire fuel tank system with the Suction tube briefly brought into pressure-conductive connection becomes, whereby in the tank a the intake manifold pressure corresponding negative pressure builds up.
  • the tank or the entire fuel tank system with the Suction tube briefly brought into pressure-conductive connection becomes, whereby in the tank a the intake manifold pressure corresponding negative pressure builds up.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,146,902 discloses a method and a device described in which, in Contrary to the two previous examples, a Overpressure is generated in the tank and the leak diagnosis Fall of this overpressure is checked.
  • the known generic methods and devices have the disadvantage that in the presence of a leak or a leakage of the fuel tank after an approximately done warming of the fuel tank and so that the tank contents creates an overpressure, which in addition that leads through the leak hydrocarbon Gas or steam from the fuel tank system, on the activated carbon filter past, flows into the environment.
  • This is in a motor vehicle especially the case if this overpressure occurs during a shutdown phase of the vehicle, since in this case the excess Gas or the steam is not active by means of a motor-driven pump or one by the motor self-induced vacuum (e.g., via a suction pipe) can be sucked off.
  • the respective physical State variable i. the temperature and / or the pressure
  • the fuel tank system only then gas or vapor-tight is completed when a predetermined negative temperature gradient between the Outside temperature (temperature outside the vehicle) and the internal temperature of the fuel tank detected becomes. Because in this case is with a vacuum build-up in the fuel tank, which is an "outgassing" of hydrocarbons by any existing Leak effectively prevented.
  • a gas or vapor-tight closing the fuel tank system or the fuel tank is prevented, if a negative pressure gradient between the internal pressure the fuel tank system or the fuel tank and the outside pressure measured outside the vehicle is recognized or predicted.
  • a minimum waiting period between a recognized tank process and the gas or vapor-tight Completing the fuel tank system specified become.
  • a refueling process can by means of a tank lid lock or the like sensed become. This will avoid the fuel tank system with very fresh fuel that is strong tends to outgassing, closed too early gas or vapor-tight which is also an overpressure build-up would lead.
  • the invention also proposed device In particular, it has a first sensor which detects a shutdown of the motor vehicle, on.
  • a first sensor which detects a shutdown of the motor vehicle, on.
  • An imminent parking of the vehicle for example, by turning off of the engine or, in the run-up to engine shutdown, about switching off the vehicle lighting detected or predicted at detected darkness of the environment become. Also, the condition of the driver's door (Open-close with the engine stopped) at the meeting of Prediction be used.
  • the device has Further, a second sensor, which is a gas or vapor-related physical state variable in the interior of the Fuel tank system and in the vicinity of the motor vehicle detected.
  • a computing unit which one after the parking of the motor vehicle expected gas or vapor pressure in the fuel tank system, taking into account the difference of determined physical state variables, predicts.
  • control means are provided, which supply the gas or vaporous fuel, in case of expected Overpressure in particular of the gaseous or vaporous Fuel in the fuel tank plant opposite a corresponding pressure in the environment of the motor vehicle, via the activated carbon filter from the fuel tank system lead into the environment of the motor vehicle.
  • expected negative pressure in particular of gaseous or vaporous fuel in the Fuel tank system against the corresponding pressure in the vicinity of the motor vehicle, however, the Fuel tank system sealed gas or vapor-tight. In the latter case, in particular a leak test the fuel tank system by means of the negative pressure allows.
  • the device according to the invention can also be a or several cooperating with the arithmetic unit Temperature sensors for detecting the temperature in the Fuel tank system and / or the temperature in the environment of the vehicle.
  • Temperature sensors for detecting the temperature in the Fuel tank system and / or the temperature in the environment of the vehicle.
  • pressure sensors can be used to detect the pressure in the Fuel tank system and / or the pressure in the environment be provided of the vehicle.
  • the device between the activated carbon filter and one for temporary rinsing of the activated carbon filter provided filter arranged bistable valve, in particular de-energized bistable solenoid valve, on.
  • bistable valve in particular de-energized bistable solenoid valve
  • One such valve fulfills the above-described invention Requirements for the gas flow or steam flow control in a particularly efficient way.
  • used solenoid valves in the non-energized Operating state are closed, that persists
  • proposed valve de-energized in the respectively present opening state i. either in the closed or in the open state. Only for switching between these two states, both in one way and the other, one becomes Current pulse needed.
  • This valve will during a detected parking phase of the vehicle so controlled that it is only the fuel tank system to the outside gas-tight or vapor-tight when the ambient conditions the formation of a negative pressure in the Expect tank or in the fuel tank system. In the other cases, however, the valve is opened, to thereby equalize the pressure between the tank and the environment-unhindered over the activated carbon filter too enable.
  • the schematic block diagram in Fig. 1 shows a in The prior art known control device 10 for Monitoring the emission of fuel vapors in one Motor vehicle (not shown).
  • the control device shows a pump and valve assembly 11 to Leak diagnosis and an activated carbon filter 12, the connected via a pipe 13 pressure-conducting together are.
  • a fuel storage tank 14 is by means of an overflow and steam flow control valve 15 and via a pipeline 16 with the activated carbon filter 12 connected.
  • a suction pipe 17 of a (not shown here) Internal combustion engine is also via a pipe 18 connected to the activated carbon filter 12 pressure-conducting.
  • the control device points in the course of the pipeline 18, in the vicinity of the suction pipe 17, a regeneration valve 19 on.
  • control unit 20 is provided, with the pump and valve assembly 11th is electrically connected and to control the arrangement 11 and the regeneration valve 19 is used. Further contains the controller 10 a passive filter 21, the arrangement 11 with atmosphere, i. the environment of the vehicle, pressure-conducting connects.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic detail enlargement a known in the prior art embodiment the pump and valve arrangement already shown in Fig. 1 11, in an embodiment in which a leak test by means of a natural vacuum method he follows.
  • a solenoid valve 30 is only energized and open during engine operation, so one the largest possible cable cross-section for flushing of the activated carbon filter 12. When turned off Motor, the solenoid valve 30 is normally closed.
  • passive safety valves 'Vacuum Relief' 31 and 'Pressure Relief' 32 provided, the with only slight pressure differences between the Fuel tank system, in particular the fuel storage tank 14 and the pipeline 16, and the environment of the vehicle (atmosphere) are closed.
  • Fig. 3 shows a device according to the invention in one of Fig. 1 similar block diagram.
  • the pump and valve assembly 11 has the device according to the invention a pump and valve assembly 11, an activated carbon filter 12, a fuel storage tank 14, a Control device 20, and corresponding, not here Closer with reference numbers provided piping on.
  • the pump and valve assembly 11 also safety valves 31, 32 and a Pressure switch 33 on.
  • a de-energized bistable solenoid valve 40 This remains de-energized both in the closed and in the open state. Only to toggle between these two states a current pulse is needed.
  • That's bistable Solenoid valve 40 is connected via an electrical line 41 connected to the control unit 20 and is connected via a Control module 42, for example a corresponding program code, driven.
  • the control unit 20 is also via electrical lines 43, 44 with an inside the fuel tank 14 arranged pressure sensor 45 and arranged with an outside of the vehicle Pressure sensor 46 connected.
  • the two pressure sensors 45, 46 can also be used temperature sensors or pressure sensors in combination with temperature sensors.
  • the pressure sensors 45, 46 deliver over the Lines 43, 44 pressure signals to the control unit 20.
  • the bistable solenoid valve 40 is opened, around the excess fuel vapor, accordingly the flow direction 47, over the activated carbon filter 12 from the fuel tank 14 in the vicinity of the To lead vehicle.
  • expected negative pressure becomes or remains the bistable solenoid valve 40, however, closed, creating a leak test the fuel tank system by means of a negative pressure can.
  • fresh air are passed into the activated carbon filter 12 may, to the already described rinsing for the purpose the regeneration of the activated carbon filter 12 perform.
  • the internal tank pressure and the vehicle external pressure detected 52 Once it is recognized that one Stopping phase is present, the internal tank pressure and the vehicle external pressure detected 52. Alternatively or additionally can corresponding indoor or outdoor temperatures be recorded.
  • the captured print data will be compared 53 and made a prediction if one Internal tank pressure is expected to be 54, which is higher than that External pressure.
  • the solenoid valve 40 is opened 56 and then go through a waiting loop 57.
  • a waiting loop 57 is avoided that a Overpressure develops as long as the fuel is still due a previous sloshing of the fuel outgas in the fuel tank.
  • the solenoid valve 40 is closed 58 to then, if necessary, perform a leak test 59th
  • a leak test only in the case of the presence of a pressure gradient between the outside world and the tank interior carried out, if necessary outside air through the leak in the fuel tank can flow. This can be emissions to avoid fuel vapors very effectively.
  • the expected internal tank pressure is higher than the expected or present ambient pressure is checked 60, whether the solenoid valve is already open. If not, the solenoid valve 40 is opened to the excess Fuel vapor over the activated carbon filter 12th from the fuel tank 14 in the vicinity of the To lead vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une installation de réservoir de carburant (10) d'un véhicule automobile, en particulier pour réaliser de temps en temps un contrôle d'étanchéité de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10), un filtre à charbon actif (12) étant prévu pour recueillir le carburant à état de gaz ou de vapeur formé dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10),
    caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    a) détecter une mise en stationnement du véhicule ;
    b) détecter (52) au moins une grandeur physique d'état concernant le gaz ou la vapeur à l'intérieur de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) et dans l'environnement du véhicule ;
    c) prévoir (54) la pression de gaz ou de vapeur que l'on peut attendre après arrêt du véhicule dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10), en tenant compte de la différence des grandeurs physiques d'état établies à l'étape b) ;
    dans le cas où on doit s'attendre à une surpression, notamment du carburant à l'état de gaz ou de vapeur dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) par rapport à une pression correspondante dans l'environnement du véhicule :
    d1) faire passer (61) le carburant à l'état de gaz ou de vapeur à travers le filtre à charbon actif (12) pour le faire sortir de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) et l'amener à l'environnement du véhicule ;
    et
    dans le cas où on doit s'attendre à une dépression, notamment du carburant à l'état de gaz ou de vapeur dans de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) par rapport à une pression correspondante dans l'environnement du véhicule :
    d2) fermer (58) de manière étanche au gaz ou à la vapeur, l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10), en particulier pour permettre un contrôle d'étanchéité (59) de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) au moyen de la dépression.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comprend avant l'étape a) une étape de détection (51) d'un stationnement imminent du véhicule automobile.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on détecte comme grandeur physique d'état, la température dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) et/ou la température dans 'l'environnement du véhicule.
  4. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on détecte comme grandeur physique d'état, la pression dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) et/ou la pression dans l'environnement du véhicule.
  5. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un court intervalle de temps est prédéfini (57) entre un stationnement détecté du véhicule ou une opération détectée de remplissage de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) et la fermeture étanche au gaz ou à la vapeur de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10).
  6. Dispositif pour faire fonctionner l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) d'un véhicule automobile, notamment pour réaliser de temps en temps un contrôle d'étanchéité de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) qui comprend un filtre à charbon actif (12) pour recueillir le carburant sous forme de gaz ou de vapeur se trouvant dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10),
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte
    au moins un premier capteur qui détecte une mise en stationnement du véhicule, et au moins un second capteur (45, 46) qui détecte au moins une grandeur physique d'état concernant le gaz ou la vapeur à l'intérieur de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) et dans l'environnement du véhicule ;
    une unité de calcul (42) qui prévoit une pression de gaz ou de vapeur à attendre dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) après l'arrêt du véhicule, en tenant compte de la différence des grandeurs physiques d'état établies ;
    des moyens de commande (20) qui, dans le cas d'une surpression à attendre, notamment du carburant à l'état de gaz ou de vapeur dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) par rapport à une pression correspondante dans l'environnement du véhicule, font passer le carburant à l'état de vapeur ou de gaz issu de l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10), à l'environnement du véhicule à travers le filtre à charbon actif (12), tandis que dans le cas où une dépression est attendue, notamment du carburant sous forme de gaz ou de vapeur situé dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) par rapport à l'environnement du véhicule, ces moyens obturent avec étanchéité au gaz et à la vapeur l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10), en particulier pour permettre de contrôler au moyen de la dépression l'étanchéité de l'installation.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comporte des moyens qui coopèrent avec l'unité de calcul (42) pour détecter un stationnement imminent.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comporte au moins un capteur de température (45, 46) coopérant avec l'unité de calcul (42) pour détecter la température existant dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10), en particulier dans le réservoir de carburant (14), et/ou la température dans l'environnement du véhicule.
  9. Dispositif selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 6 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comporte au moins un capteur de pression (45, 46) coopérant avec l'unité de calcul (42) pour détecter la pression existant dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10), en particulier dans le réservoir de carburant (14), et/ou la pression dans l'environnement du véhicule.
  10. Dispositif selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 6 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comporte une soupape bi-stable (40) montée entre le filtre à charbon actif (12) et un filtre (21) prévu pour rincer de temps en temps le filtre à charbon actif (12), notamment une soupape magnétique bi-stable sans courant pour permettre de faire tomber la pression régnant dans l'installation de réservoir de carburant (10) à travers le filtre (21).
EP01913544A 2000-03-17 2001-01-30 Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner avec peu d'emissions un systeme de reservoir a carburant monte en particulier dans un vehicule automobile Expired - Lifetime EP1183456B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10012778 2000-03-17
DE10012778A DE10012778A1 (de) 2000-03-17 2000-03-17 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum emissionsarmen Betrieb einer Brennstofftankanlage insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs
PCT/DE2001/000345 WO2001069072A1 (fr) 2000-03-17 2001-01-30 Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner avec peu d'emissions un systeme de reservoir a carburant monte en particulier dans un vehicule automobile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1183456A1 EP1183456A1 (fr) 2002-03-06
EP1183456B1 true EP1183456B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

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EP01913544A Expired - Lifetime EP1183456B1 (fr) 2000-03-17 2001-01-30 Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner avec peu d'emissions un systeme de reservoir a carburant monte en particulier dans un vehicule automobile

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6782873B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1183456B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4564221B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR0105175A (fr)
DE (2) DE10012778A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001069072A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
EP1183456A1 (fr) 2002-03-06
DE10012778A1 (de) 2001-09-27
WO2001069072A1 (fr) 2001-09-20
JP4564221B2 (ja) 2010-10-20
BR0105175A (pt) 2002-02-19
US20020157655A1 (en) 2002-10-31
US6782873B2 (en) 2004-08-31
JP2003527530A (ja) 2003-09-16
DE50108284D1 (de) 2006-01-12

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