EP1182986A1 - Systeme d'implant dentaire - Google Patents

Systeme d'implant dentaire

Info

Publication number
EP1182986A1
EP1182986A1 EP00902168A EP00902168A EP1182986A1 EP 1182986 A1 EP1182986 A1 EP 1182986A1 EP 00902168 A EP00902168 A EP 00902168A EP 00902168 A EP00902168 A EP 00902168A EP 1182986 A1 EP1182986 A1 EP 1182986A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
implant
abutment
post
bone
coupled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00902168A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ang-Kohn Chang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CHANG ANG KOHN
Original Assignee
CHANG ANG KOHN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CHANG ANG KOHN filed Critical CHANG ANG KOHN
Publication of EP1182986A1 publication Critical patent/EP1182986A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0053—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with angular adjustment means, e.g. ball and socket joint
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/001—Multiple implanting technique, i.e. multiple component implants introduced in the jaw from different directions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0069—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0054—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers having a cylindrical implant connecting part
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/006—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with polygonal positional means, e.g. hexagonal or octagonal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dental implant system, and particularly to an osseointegrated dental implant system.
  • dental implant system is well known in the arts.
  • Various implant systems have been proposed, though dental implant system itself has relatively simple concept, which is constructed by embedding an implant to the alveolar bone to be osseointegrated therewith, then coupling the abutment for supporting an artificial tooth to the implant, all of these implant systems, however, can be roughly divided into only two types, screw type and non-screw type.
  • the system shown in FIGURE 1A is a screw type system which had been firstly proposed and widely used up to now, and entitled US Patent No.
  • the system includes an implant(Il) having self tapping screw(Fl) formed on circumference thereof, for being inserted to and osseointegrated with the alveolar bone(S); an abutment(Al) for being secured to the implant(Il) by an abutment screw(Nl) threadly-fit to the implant; and a prosthetic coping(E) for being coupled to the implant(Il), in turn, by a prosthetic retaining screw(N2).
  • Numeral Tl designates a healing screw for clogging the threaded hole of the implant(Tl), until the implant(Il) is osseointegrated with the alveolar bone(S), and the broken-line depicts a prosthetic to be fabricated and installed later.
  • implant systems of non-screw type shown in FIGURE IB and FIGURE 1C, depend the coupling of parts on the locking taper structure, based on surface friction beetween metals thereof.
  • FIGURE IB depicts the system of Thomas D. Driskell, entitled with US patent NO. 4,547,157 and 4,687,443, for example, which is constructed by coupling the post shaped cone(Pl) of an implant(I2) to the socket(Ol) of an abutment(A2) in a locking taper manner, to form a simple two pieces system.
  • the numeral T2 designates a cap-shaped temporary abutment, F2 fins for anchoring.
  • FIGURE 1C depicts a system similar to that of FIGURE IB, which is successfully extending in US market in the trade name of "Bicon", being able to find find relating patents No. 4,738,623 5,484,285 5,499,918.
  • the implant(I3) for being embedded in the alveolar bone(S) is provided with a socket(02) having upwardly expanding taper therein, and the abutment(A3) is provided with a downwardly extending post ⁇ ortion(P2) having corresponding taper, thereby coupling the abutment(A3) to the implant(I3) by the frictional force therebetween, to form another two pieces system.
  • the abutment(A3) On the upper part of the abutment(A3), there are provided with an expanding flare(Hl) and a substantially flat-top conical head(H) having two slant faces(H2) formed by leveling each sides thereof. And the numeral T3 designates a plastic plug for temporarily clogging the socket of the implant(02) during the healing period.
  • the implantsQ ; II - 13) are coupled to the alveolar bone(S), abutmentsOA ; Al - A3) for supporting prosthetic(P) are coupled to those implants(I), in common.
  • the strength of the conventional systems depend on the coupling strength of the abutment(A) and implant(I), and the strength of the abutment(A) itself.
  • the maximum strength of these systems depends on the minimum diameter of coupled portions. Namely, the maximum support strength of the system of FIGURE IB is decided by the diameter of the neck(Xl)of the implant(I2), the system of FIGURE 10 by that of neck(X2) of the abutment(A3).
  • necks(Xl, X2) of those will naturally have smaller diameters, thus easily causing the fracture of these implant systems, for example, especially to molar tooth requiring large chewing force.
  • This problem of support strength is the common problem of conventional implant systems to be urgently resolved.
  • FIGURE IB and FIGURE 10 Another problem of systems of FIGURE IB and FIGURE 10, is that the prosthetic(P) is adhered to the abutments only by cementation, as they have no additional parts such as appropriate coping.
  • the position of the prosthetic (P) depends on the location of the implant(I) in the alveolar bone(S), and the thickness of the gum of the location. And the exact position of the prosthetic(P) can not be maintained without very careful operations, in case of securing the prosthetic(P) only through cementation as described above.
  • the implant(I) structure thereof is 2-directional, thereby deciding the anchoring force mainly through the embedding depth to the jaw bone(B) and/or the alveolar bone(S), the width of the implant, and the bone quality.
  • a mandibular canal(C) At each sides of the lower jaw bone(Bl), a mandibular canal(C), the passage of nerve and blood vessel, runs as depicted in FIGURE 2A. Therefore, the maximum depth(d) of the implant(I) must keep the distance of 1 to 2 mm, at least, from the canaKC). This makes the implant(I) of conventional systems not be embedded to enough depth, and resultantly selectable implant(I) of short length causes a low support strength and low chewing force.
  • the alveolar bone(Sl) is the upper part of the jaw bone(Bl) shown in FIGURE 2A to form sockets for natural tooth. After natural tooth are being pulled out, the alveolar bone(Sl) is gradually absorbed into the jaw bone(Bl) as shown in broken line, according to the human physiological phenomenon, thus reducing the embedding depth available for the implant(I). Resultantly, the conventional system can hardly be applied to patients having shallow canaKC), or passing long time from the elimination of natural tooth. To apply conventional implant systems to these patients, a prior bone graft operation must be applied to increase the available embedding depth(d).
  • a bone graft or a sinus lift operation for inserting another bone taken from other parts or an artificial bone onto the lower jaw bone(Bl) or the mucous membrane of the sinus(M), is typically applied prior to the application of the implant(I), if the height of the bone, such as the alveolar bone(S) of lower or upper jaw bone(B), is not enough.
  • This process requires six to twelve months for completely securing the inserted bone to the original jaw bone(B), before applying the implant(I), thereby taking enormous time and expenses over the patient.
  • the system to achieve the first object of the present invention is characterized in that a downwardly opened socket for being coupled with a post extended from or coupled with an implant, is formed in an abutment, and that one or more means for anchoring is provided on the outer side of the abutment, which forms the outer wall of the socket.
  • the lower edge of the abutment of the present invention is inserted much deeper into the jaw bone than that of the conventional system, and the abutment is also anchored to the jaw bone not only the implant, thereby making entire section of the present system withhold the external force, and exerting a great supporting strength.
  • the system to achieve the second object of the present invention is constructed in a 3- ⁇ iece system having a horizontal or slant implant for being coupled to the jaw bone in a considerably horizontal direction, and an separate post for connecting the abutment and the implant.
  • the implant is inserted into the jaw bone in a considerably horizontal direction, and then coupled with vertically inserted abutment by the connecting post in a T-shape, to achieve a 3 -dimensional anchoring, thereby providing a secure anchoring even if for the case of a shallow embedding depth available for the implant.
  • the system to achieve the third object of the present invention is characterized in that a horizontal implant is inserted into the upper jaw bone in a bucco-lingual direction, or each ends thereof are respectively secured to the buccal cortical plate and palatal plate of upper jaw bone.
  • the abutment, the implant, and the post are combinedly form a 3-dimensional anchoring of T-shape, thereby making immediate application of the present implant system to a shallow jaw bone under the sinus, without any prior operation such as the sinus lift.
  • Another system to achieve the third object of the present invention has a horizontal implant in a form of a short bar having a trapezoidal section, this feature allows a secure anchoring for a narrow jaw bone.
  • FIGURE 1A to FIGURE 10 are sectional views respectively depicting structures of conventional implant systems
  • FIGURE 2A to FIGURE 2B are views for respectively explaining the restriction of the installation of the implant to the lower jaw bone and the upper jaw bone
  • FIGURE 2A is sectional view of the lower jaw bone
  • FIGURE 2B is side elevation of the upper jaw bone
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view depicting an implant system according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is an exploded perspective view thereof
  • FIGURE 5A and 5B are sectional views respectively depicting two systems embodied in submerged and non-submerged type
  • FIGURE 6A and B are partially sectioned side elevation depicting angled abutments for the present system
  • FIGURE 7A to FIGURE 7C are side elevations for respectively showing anti-rotation means for the present system, and especially FIGURE 70 depicts a union angled type
  • FIGURE 8A to FIGURE 8B are exploded side elevations for respectively depicting various combinations of the implant, the abutment, and means for coupling them,
  • FIGURE 9 is a sectional view depicting a temporary abutment to be used in the present system.
  • FIGURE 10 is an exploded side elevation of the 3-dimensional organizing type system, and (A) to(C) respectively depicts various embodiments of the horizontal implant,
  • FIGURE 11 is a sectional view depicting the installation of the system shown in FIGURE 10 to the lower jaw bone
  • FIGURE 12A and FIGURE 12B are partially sectioned and exploded side elevations for respectively depicting various coupling structures of the post
  • FIGURE 13 is a rough elevation depicting the installation of the present system to the upper jaw bone
  • FIGURE 14A and FIGURE 14B are side elevations for respectively depicting structures of the horizontal implant to be used for the system shown in FIGURE 13,
  • FIGURE 15A to FIGURE 15B are respectively partial perspective and combined section depicting a trapezoidal implant available for a narrow bone such as that of front tooth.
  • FIGURE 3 and FIGURE 4 an embodiment of 2-piece system is depicted, which is appropriate for the case of enough embedding depth of the jaw bone being available.
  • the present system consists of two elements, an implant(l) and an abutment(2)
  • the implant(l) is preferably provided with a considerably vertical body(ll) having means for anchoring, such as fins(13), to improve the coupling with the alveolar bone(S), and a tapered post portion(12) extending upwardly from the top of the body(l l).
  • the abutment(2) is preferably provided with a body(21), having a socket(22) therein, with the taper corresponding that of the post portion(12) of the implant(l), and having means for anchoring , such as a retentive groove(23), at the circumference thereof.
  • the retentive groove(23) is preferably formed near the lower end of the abutment(A), and can be provided not only one but in plurality as depicted in broken lines in FIGURE 3 and FIGURE 4. Additionally, short grooves(23J, which extends along the axial direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the retentive groove(23), can also be provided as shown in broken lines in FIGURE 4.
  • the lower end of the abutment(2) is preferably located at the depth of several millimeters, at least, from the surface of the alveolar bone(S), to exert an appropriate anchoring force.
  • the lower end of the abutment(2) is preferably located at the depth of over six millimeters, the upper end of the retentive groove(23), anchoring means, over four millimeters.
  • the middle portion of the circumference of the abutment body(21) is inwardly recessed to form a concave portion(24).
  • the abutment(2) is osseointegrated with the alveolar bone(S)
  • the bone will grow into the concave portion(24) to form a ring-shaped mechanical wedge, thereby providing an additional anchoring means for coupling the abutment(2) and the alveolar bone(S) more securely.
  • the implant system according to the present invention provides a highly rigid structure, in which the post portion(12) of implant(l) being embedded into and osseointegrated with the alveolar bone(S), is coupled in the socket(22) of the abutment(2) being embedded into and also osseointegrated with the alveolar bone.
  • the abutment body(21) At the upper part of the abutment body(21), there are preferably provided with a flare portion(25) expanding outwardly to comparing the standard width of the natural teeth for matching with the prosthetic(P) and being located in the gum(G), and a post potion(26) extending upwardly to support the prosthetic (P).
  • the post potion(26) ensures an exact position and shape and strength of the prosthetic(P), and is preferably adopted with a metal coping(Kl).
  • the post portion(26) preferably has a taper to be coupled with the metal coping(Kl), and a extruded land(27) is preferably formed between the flare portion(25) and the post portion(26), to which a plastic cuff(K2) can be coupled, if necessary.
  • the plastic cuff(K2) can be used for supporting the lower part of the metal coping(Kl), it is not essential to the construction of the present invention, as it is mainly used for installation of a temporary resin teeth, or for the direct manufacture of an acrylic resin teeth on the abutment(2).
  • the implant(l) and the abutment(2) are coupled together through the Blocking taper" by the frictional force between surfaces of the post portion(12) of the implant(l) and the socket(22) of the abutment(2), each of which having corresponding tapers.
  • the locking taper coupling depends on the occurrence of the frictional force by the direct contact of two metal surfaces, tapered surfaces of the post portion(12) of the implant(l) and the socket(22) of the abutment(2) can not exert an appropriate coupling force without the considerably high mechanical accuracy.
  • a recess(12a) is formed at the upper part of the post portion(12) of the implant(l) to receive a C-ring(Rl) made from an elastic metal wire.
  • the C-ring(Rl) acts as an wedge to intensify the coupling of implant(l) and the abutment(2 ⁇ _--").
  • additional recess(26a) for receiving another C-ring(R2) can be formed on the post portion(26) of the abutment(2), to which the metal coping(Kl) is to be coupled.
  • C-rings(Rl, R2) is not essential in general, as the locking taper will do the coupling of the implant(l) and the abutment(2), or the abutment(2)and the metal coping(Kl).
  • C-rings(Rl, R2) can be preferably used as an auxiliary coupling means for the case of an ill-fit of the locking taper due to problems of manufacturing or handling , and for the case of reassembling after completing a locking taper coupling due to an operational problems, for example. This method results in an full usage of precise and expensive parts of the implant system without discarding any part, to greatly improve the economics of the present system.
  • the above described system according to the present invention will preferably be applied to a patient as follows. Firstly, a dentist drills the alveolar bone(S) to insert an implant(l) in the alveolar bone(S), then the alveolar bone(S) gradually grows to osseointegrated with the implant(l). This healing procedure requires nine weeks to several months according to the patient and the quality of the bone. Completing the osseointegration procedure, in which the implant(l) is completely coupled to the alveolar bone(S), then an abutment(2) is coupled to the implant(l), in turn, and an appropriate prosthetic(P) is supported on the abutment(2), to complete a dental implant system.
  • the most apparent aspect of the present invention lies in that the abutment(2) coupled to the implant(l) is successively osseointegrated with the alveolar bone(S).
  • the present system is supported by only the anchoring force of the implant(l) against the alveolar bone(S) in the initial stage of coupling the abutment(2) to the implant(l), as is the conventional system.
  • the abutment(2) can also exert an additional anchoring force as the osseointegration of the abutment(2) and the alveolar bone(S) successively proceeds.
  • the present system provides with a unique effect of increasing anchoring force and supporting strength against the external force, as time passed from application of the implant system.
  • the anchoring is accomplished only through the implant(I), and abutment(A) coupled to the implant(I) resists against the external force applied to the prosthetic(P), such as chewing force, thus the maximum supporting strength is decided by the minimum diameter of the abutment(A).
  • the implant(l) not only the implant(l) but also the abutment(2) is anchored to the alveolar bone(S) by the retentive groove(23) and the concave portion(24), to make overall section of the system resist against the external force, and the implant(l) still maintain the coupling with the alveolar bone(S), even if the coupling of the abutment(2) and alveolar bone(S) is broken, to provide a dental implant system having a great supporting force against the external force.
  • FIGURE 5A and FIGURE 5B there are respectively depicted systems of submerged and non-submerged types according to the present invention, divided by the extent of the post portion(12) of the implant(l) against the gum(G) over the alveolar bone(S).
  • the system of submerged type is based on the old theory of the healing procedure of the ossointegration being promoted by suturing the gum(G) after inserting the implant(l), while the non-submerged system is based on the opposite new theory, and all of the conventional implant system falls into anyone of these two types.
  • the present system can be constructed in either type, and be selectively adopted according to requirements, such as the condition of the patient or the location of teeth.
  • the post portion(12) of the implant(l) and the post portion(22) of the abutment(2) are coaxially arranged to form a straight system in the whole.
  • the optimum direction available for inserting the implant(l) and the optimum extending direction of the teeth are different each other.
  • angled abutments(201, 202) respective post portions(26) of which has a slant of a prescribed angle, are depicted in FIGURE 6A and FIGURE 6B.
  • the system shown in FIGURE 6A, the central axis of the socket(22) intersects the central axis of the abutment(201) to form an angle with the implant(l) to be coupled thereto, though the system is apparently straight.
  • FIGURE 6B the central axis itself of the abutment(202) and the post portion(26) thereof has a slant with the central axis of the body(21) in a prescribed angle.
  • FIGURE 7A to FIGURE 70 there are depicted various embodiments of means for preventing rotation to be adopted to the implantG, 101).
  • these anti-rotation means are especially useful for securing the implant(l) during the thread-fit of parts after embedding the implant(l ⁇ l) into the jaw bone(B), and for increasing the surface area to be coupled with the bone. And they can also be effectively adopted to other systems, for preventing the rattling and the resultant dislocation from the alveolar bone(S) of the implant(l) by the external force applied to the prosthetic(P).
  • FIGURE 7A there is depicting an implant, in which fins(13a) are protruded for anchoring along the circumference of the implant body(ll) with a vertical channel(14a) formed by cutting out part of fins. Then, the alveolar bone(S) will grow into the channel(1 a) to be coupled, thereby forming a circumferential wedge to prevent the rotation of the implant(l).
  • a self-tapping screw(13b) is formed on the circumference of the implant body(l l) as means for inserting and anchoring, a through hole(14b) is formed across the body(l l) as means for preventing rotation.
  • FIGURE 70 there is depicted a union angled implant(l ⁇ l), in which the implant body(l l_) and the post portion(12) intersects in a prescribed angle, it provides more secure anchoring and rotation preventing, as the implant body(l l_) has a slant against the central axis of the abutment(2). Fins(13) are preferably protruded from the surface of the implant body(l l_) in a direction perpendicular body(ll_) or that of the post portion(12).
  • FIGURE 8A adopts screws for coupling the implant(102) and the abutment(203) as that of conventional system shown in FIGURE 1A, instead of the locking taper. More specifically, a male-threaded portion(12a) is formed on the circumference of the post portion(12') of the implant(102), while a corresponding female-threaded portion(22a) is formed on the socket(22') in the body(21') of the abutment(203).
  • the implant(102) and the abutment(203) are coupled through thread-fitting of two threaded portions(12a, 22a) by rotating the abutment(203) against the implant(102), after the implant(102) is inserted to and osseointegrated with the alveolar bone(S).
  • FIGURE 8A is similar to the Bicon(trade name) system shown in FIGURE 1C, in that the upper part of the abutment(204) is provided with a conical head(H) having a bulbous flare(Hl) and two slope faces(H2) formed by cutting out either sides thereof.
  • This embodiment adopts the locking taper for coupling the implant(103) and the abutment(204) as in the system of FIGURE 10, the present system exert a great supporting strength with compared to the conventional system of FIGURE 10, as the retaining groove(23) of the abutment(204) is secured the alveolar bone(S) with the socket(22) of the abutment(204) putting on the post portion(12) of the implant(103).
  • each implants(102, 103) depicted in FIGURE 8A and FIGURE 8B is respectively provided with anchoring and anti-rotation means somewhat different from those in FIGURE 3 to FIGURE 7C, to exhibit the wide applicability of the present invention, and repeated description is omitted as structures and functions thereof will be apparent from the above description.
  • FIGURE 9 a preferable embodiment of a temporary abutment(5) appropriate for the present system, is depicted in FIGURE 9.
  • the socket(52) of the temporary abutment(5) is loose-fit with the post potion(12) of the implant(l) for easy separation afterwards, as a permanent abutment(2) will replace the temporary abutment(5) after the implant(l) is completely coupled to the alveolar bone(S).
  • the socket(52) of the temporary abutment(5) is preferably formed with a taper smoother than that of the post portion(12) of the implant(l), or without any taper to form in considerably vertical. In this case, the socket(52) of the temporary abutment(5) and the post portion(12) of the implant(l) is temporarily maintained by an week coupling of locking taper only at the entering portion of the engagement.
  • anchoring means the primary feature of the present invention such as the retentive groove(23), is not formed on the circumference of the body(51) of the temporary abutment(5), and the body(51) preferably extends straight without the concave portion(24) not to allow entering of the alveolar bone(S).
  • a flat head(53) is provided on the upper part of the temporary abutment(5) without any functional elements, as it only acts to maintain the space for receiving the permanent abutment(2).
  • the solid-lined head(53) in FIGURE 9 is used for a submerged type implant(l) as in FIGURE 5A, and the top face thereof extends approximately to the level of the upper surface of the alveolar bone(S), while the broken-lined head is for a non-submerged type implant(l) as in FIGURE 5B, and the top of the head(53') extends over the level of the upper surface of the gum(G).
  • appropriate tooling grooves(54) or projections are preferably provided on the head(53) of the temporary abutment(5) for installation and dislocation.
  • FIGURE 10 several embodiments having the horizontal implant, another feature of the present invention, are depicted.
  • the abutment(2) has basically similar construction of the above embodiments, and the body(31) of the implant(3), which extends horizontal or slightly slanted direction, includes a radially formed socket hole(31), instead of the post portion, and a separate connecting post(4) connects the abutment(2) and the implant(3) to form a 3 -piece system.
  • the connecting post(4) includes the first post portion(41) for upwardly coupling to the socket(22) of the abutment(2), and the second post portion(42) for downwardly coupling to the socket hole(32) of the implant(3).
  • the connecting post(4) is formed in a spindle shape, if each coupling adopts the locking taper coupling.
  • the horizontal implant(3) can be installed in horizontal direction(A), or in upwardly slanted direction(B), or in downwardly slanted direction(C), it is preferable to insert the implant(3) from up to down as (C) for the operational convenience.
  • the socket hole(32) there is preferably provided with a guide groove(33) for receiving the lower end of the abutment(2), in order to guide the exact entrance and coupling of the abutment(2).
  • the forefront of the implant(3) is formed in conical shape having taper towards the front for promoting the entrance into the alveolar bone(S), with anchoring means preferably formed thereon, such as self-tapping screws(34a)(A), or protruded rim(34b)(B), or fin(34c)(C).
  • an appropriate tooling means such as an internal hexagonal groove(35a)(A), or a slot(35b)(B), or an external hexagonal head(35c)(C), for applying torque of tools to make the implant(3) enter into the alveolar bone(S).
  • an appropriate tooling means such as an internal hexagonal groove(35a)(A), or a slot(35b)(B), or an external hexagonal head(35c)(C) for applying torque of tools to make the implant(3) enter into the alveolar bone(S).
  • FIGURE 11 there is depicted the horizontal implant system shown in FIGURE 10 being is applied to the lower jaw bone(B) and the alveolar bone(S) thereof.
  • the mandibular canal(C) the passage of blood vessel and nerve, runs in the lower jaw bone(B)
  • the lower end of the implant(3) should maintain the distance of several millimeters, at least, from the canaKC).
  • a dentist drills a horizontal hole(l ⁇ ) for inserting the implant(3) from the buccal or lingual side of the jaw bone(B), then drills the vertical hole(20) for inserting the connecting post(4) and the abutment(2) from the alveolar bone(S) of the jaw bone(B).
  • Terms “horizontal” and “vertical” do not means the exact horizontal and vertical, and is used in an wide meaning including directions having a range of a prescribed angle from the exact vertical and horizontal direction.
  • the horizontal implant(3) will preferably have a downward slope for the convenience of the operation, and the abutment(2) and the connecting post(4) will preferably be inserted in a vertical or somewhat sloped direction, according to the location of the teeth.
  • the implant(3) is firstly inserted through the horizontal hole(l ⁇ ) and adjusted to align the socket hole(32) thereof with the vertical hole(20), and then the connecting post(4) is inserted through the vertical hole(20) and the second post portion(42) is coupled to the socket hole(32) of the implant(3).
  • the temporary abutment(5) is also inserted through the vertical hole(20) and the socket(52) thereof to be coupled to the first post portion(41) of the connecting post(4), and then the whole assembly goes to the osseointegration procedure.
  • the temporary abutment(5) is dislocated, and the permanent abutment(2) is inserted and the socket(22) thereof is coupled to the first post portion(41) of the connecting post(4).
  • the present system forms a rigid T-shaped coupling with the jaw bone(B) and the alveolar bone(S) thereof, and the present system performs more complete anchoring after the jaw bone(B) and the alveolar bone(S) grows and coupled to the permanent abutment(2).
  • the present system accomplishes a 3-dimensional coupling by entering of the implant(3) and the abutment(2) in different directions, thereby exert an excellent supporting force with compared to a 2-dimensional system, where the implant(l) and the abutment (2) enters in the same direction. Therefore, the present system can be applied to a patient, having shallow depth of the lower jaw bone(B) due to an absorbtion of the alveolar bone(S) and not available for the application of a conventional implant system, without any prior operation such as a bone graft. And perils of the occurrence of aftereffect and damages of nerval or blood vessels can be prevented, as an enough distance can be maintained between the implant(3) and the mandibular canaKC).
  • the screw coupling can be adopted not only the locking taper coupling.
  • male threaded portions(41a, 42a) are respectively formed on the first and second post portions(41', 42') of the connecting post(401), and corresponding female-threaded ⁇ ortions(32a, 22a) are respectively formed on the socket hole(32') of the implant(301) and the socket(22') of the abutment(203), to be thread-fit each other.
  • FIGURE 12B there is depicted a combined embodiment, in which the thread-fit coupling is adopted between the abutment(203) and the connecting post(402), while the locking taper coupling is adoped between the connecting post(402) and horizontal implant(3).
  • FIGURE 13 there is depicted an embodiment, in which the horizontal implant system is applied to the upper jaw bone(B2) beneath the sinus(M).
  • the implant(3) is formed in the shape of an elongated horizontal bar, either ends of which is respectively coupled to the buccal and lingual plates of the upper jaw bone(B2) of the sinus(M) (depicted in solid line), or inserted to the bone(Bl) in a slanted direction (depicted in broken line), as the upper jaw bone(B2) beneath the sinus(M) is bent in a large U-shape.
  • FIGURE 13 The structure depicted in the solid line in FIGURE 13 can appropriately be adopted to the vicinity of the sinus(M) having small height of the alveolar bone(S) of the upper jaw bone(B), while the structure depicted in the broken line can appropriately be adopted to an enough height of the bone(B2) outside the sinus, inserting the implant(3) from buccal to lingual side, and is similar to that of the system depicted in FIGURE 11.
  • FIGURE 14A and 14B there are respectively depicted preferable embodiments of the implant(3) in the shape of the horizontal bar, for appropriately adopted in the system depicted in FIGURE 13.
  • the implant(3) includes a bar-shaped body(31', 31") having a socket hole(32) to which the connecting post(4) is to be coupled, and a housing ring(61) is preferably coupled at the front end thereof, where the entering end of the implant(3), and an end fixing ring(62) is coupled to the rear end thereof.
  • the inner portion of the upper jaw bone(B2) is the low quality bone, commonly like sponge, and the implant(3) should be coupled to the outer cortical bone
  • means for anchoring such as self-tapping screws(61 , 62a) towards the entering direction depicted in an arrow, is preferably formed on circumferences of each rings(61, 62), to secure the implant(3) to the cortical bone of the upper jaw bone(B2).
  • FIGURE 14A and FIGURE 14B there are respectively depicted two embodiments applicable to the present system.
  • the implant depicted in FIGURE 14A includes an implant body(3D having an overall taper, and numeral 35 designates a tooling groove for installation.
  • the implant depicted in FIGURE 14B includes an implant body(31") having ta ⁇ ers(31a, 31b) at either ends, and two rings(61, 62) respectively have corresponding tapered sockets(61a, 62a), and numeral 35 designates a tooling slot.
  • the present implant system can be installed without any prior operation, such as sinus lift, even if the height of the upper jaw bone(B) is not enough.
  • FIGURE 15A and FIGURE 15B there are depicted a system having a trapezoidal section appropriate for a relatively narrow bone(B) such as front teeth, though it is basically a 3-dimensional system using a horizontal implant.
  • the horizontal implant(7) of the system includes a body(71) having a socket hole(72) to which the connecting post(4) is coupled, and both ends thereof being upwardly sloped faces(73a, 73b), thereby forming a short bar having a trapezoidal section.
  • the implant(7) depicted in FIGURE 15A is inserted in horizontal direction to be coupled with the vertically inserted connecting post(4), and then integrally coupled with the vertically inserted abutment(2) through connecting post(4).
  • all the parts form a 3-dimensional coupling of T-shape, thus the system is similar to the system depicted in FIGURE 11, except the implant(7) being formed in a short bar.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un nouveau système d'implant dentaire, permettant d'obtenir un implant et un piler fixé sur ce dernier, présentant une résistance très élevée à l'application de forces extérieures. Ce système comprend un implant, introduit dans un os alvéolaire, et un pilier combiné audit implant, qui soutient une dent artificielle. Il comprend également une tige allongée qui s'étend à partir de l'implant et qui est reliée à une alvéole du corps dudit pilier, ainsi qu'une partie d'ancrage située sur la surface dudit corps du pilier, servant à l'ancrage sur la crête alvéolaire. La tige de l'implant forme une seule pièce avec l'implant ou peut être réalisée en tant qu'élément séparé de l'implant. Elle relie l'implant et le pilier. L'implant peut être posé verticalement et horizontalement, ce qui permet d'obtenir un système d'implant tridimensionnel par rapport à l'os alvéolaire. Cette technique permet d'obtenir un système d'implant pouvant être adapté à la crête alvéolaire même si la hauteur et la taille de cette dernière sont insuffisantes.
EP00902168A 2000-01-24 2000-01-24 Systeme d'implant dentaire Withdrawn EP1182986A1 (fr)

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PCT/KR2000/000050 WO2001052765A1 (fr) 2000-01-24 2000-01-24 Systeme d'implant dentaire

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EP1182986A1 true EP1182986A1 (fr) 2002-03-06

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EP (1) EP1182986A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003520101A (fr)
CN (1) CN1201703C (fr)
AU (1) AU2329300A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001052765A1 (fr)

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EP1689316A2 (fr) * 2003-12-03 2006-08-16 Mettler, Max, Dr. med. dent. Implant dentaire
ITMI20032618A1 (it) * 2003-12-30 2005-06-30 Ioannis Corcolis Impianto dentale
WO2005115270A1 (fr) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-08 Brain Base Corporation Structure de fixation de prothese et procede de fixation de prothese
GB2438374A (en) * 2006-05-27 2007-11-28 Liang-Shin Lin A holder for an artificial tooth
BRPI0705570B8 (pt) 2007-05-24 2021-06-22 Itp Inst De Tecnologia E Pesquisa Ltda sistema de corretivos compensatórios de inclinações, conversores e extensores e de pilares de acoplamento universal sobre implantes osseointegrados
JP5131716B2 (ja) * 2008-06-26 2013-01-30 レオーネ エッセ ピ ア 歯科用インプラント
WO2010118444A1 (fr) * 2009-04-16 2010-10-21 David Movsesian L'"implant en t renversé"
WO2011062976A2 (fr) * 2009-11-17 2011-05-26 Uab Research Foundation Système d'implant dentaire à couple élevé
EP2514390B1 (fr) * 2011-04-20 2023-12-13 Dentsply IH AB Ensemble de composants dentaires
KR101093512B1 (ko) * 2011-05-26 2011-12-13 염명희 임플란트용 어버트먼트 소재
TWI487507B (zh) * 2012-05-07 2015-06-11 Univ Nat Cheng Kung 具有緩衝的牙科植入物
WO2017129869A1 (fr) * 2016-01-28 2017-08-03 Yeung Research Système et dispositifs pour la fixation d'implants dentaires sur le maxillaire supérieur
FR3050637A1 (fr) * 2016-04-28 2017-11-03 Yeung Res Dispositif pour assurer la fixation d'un ou plusieurs implants dentaires sur le maxilliaire superieur via la cavite sinusienne
KR102177719B1 (ko) * 2018-07-02 2020-11-11 (주)마이핏 하이브리드 치유 지대주 및 이의 제조 방법
US10702319B2 (en) * 2018-07-09 2020-07-07 Robert G. Hale Apparatus and method for a transalveolar dental implant
TWI700076B (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-08-01 鄧允文 貼骨人工牙體
TWI739701B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-09-11 財團法人工業技術研究院 牙植入物

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WO2001052765A1 (fr) 2001-07-26
JP2003520101A (ja) 2003-07-02
CN1201703C (zh) 2005-05-18
CN1348343A (zh) 2002-05-08
AU2329300A (en) 2001-07-31

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