EP1180552B1 - Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von mechanischen Werkstücken , die Verschleiss und Korrosion ausgesetzt sind - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von mechanischen Werkstücken , die Verschleiss und Korrosion ausgesetzt sind Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1180552B1
EP1180552B1 EP01402028A EP01402028A EP1180552B1 EP 1180552 B1 EP1180552 B1 EP 1180552B1 EP 01402028 A EP01402028 A EP 01402028A EP 01402028 A EP01402028 A EP 01402028A EP 1180552 B1 EP1180552 B1 EP 1180552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nitriding
process according
ions
bath
oxidation
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01402028A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1180552A1 (de
Inventor
Stéphane CHOMER
Stephan Teil
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Hydromecanique et Frottement SAS
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HEF SAS
Hydromecanique et Frottement SAS
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
    • C23C8/48—Nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/58—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in more than one step

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of surface treatment of mechanical parts subjected to both wear and corrosion. More particularly, the invention relates to a method of surface treatment of mechanical parts subjected to both wear and corrosion to impart to said parts a high resistance to wear and corrosion and a roughness conducive to lubrication. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of surface treatment of mechanical parts whose lubrication must be controlled accurately, and which must therefore control the roughness in a narrow range.
  • the thickness of the oil film on the surface of a part depends a lot on the roughness of its surface: a perfectly polished part may not be wetted by the oil, whereas at the Conversely, a very rough piece will be covered with a film whose thickness will be less than the height of the microreliefs, it will result in high risk of seizure.
  • the parts that can be advantageously treated according to the present invention include for example the cylinder rods and the thermal engine valves.
  • a cylinder rod the thickness of the oil film on its surface must be perfectly controlled; too weak, the rod-seal contact is no longer lubricated and there is wear; too high, the resulting leakage of lubricant alters the performance of the cylinder.
  • the oil film provides both lubrication and dynamic sealing functions in the valve stem / valve guide contact; too polished a piece will provide a thin film of oil and the lubrication will be random, while a high roughness will cause a high oil consumption and a loss of efficiency of the engine.
  • Another commonly used solution consists of nitriding the parts and then oxidizing them; these two operations are often followed by a step of impregnating the surface porosity with a product further improving the corrosion resistance.
  • These operations are conducted successively, either in a bath of salts as taught for example by French patents FR-A-2 672 059 or FR-A-2,679,258 , either in a gaseous atmosphere as for example the European patent 0217420 .
  • polishing-oxidation This increase in roughness has led those skilled in the art to complete these processes with one or more polishing phases that are more or less advanced so that the result is sequences such as nitriding-oxidation-polishing, or even nitriding-oxidation. polishing-oxidation.
  • Such methods make it possible to effectively fulfill the lubrication function, but are difficult to apply industrially because they impose a combination of different technologies (thermochemical and mechanical) which makes them both very expensive and of limited use, it is indeed difficult to polishing the roughness on a piece of complex shape.
  • the Applicant has demonstrated that it is possible to obtain both a high resistance to wear and corrosion and a roughness conducive to lubrication by conducting the nitriding and oxidation operations in special baths.
  • the present invention provides a method of surface treatment of mechanical parts, making it possible to give the said parts a high resistance to wear and corrosion as well as a roughness conducive to lubrication in which consecutively nitriding said piece followed by oxidation of said piece, characterized in that said nitriding is carried out by immersing said piece in a bath of nitriding molten salts free of sulfur species, at a temperature between 500 ° C and 700 ° C, and in that said oxidation is carried out in an aqueous oxidizing solution at a temperature below 200 ° C.
  • the process must respect both the consecutive association of nitriding and oxidation, the two operations being conducted in the liquid phase under the conditions specified above.
  • the aqueous oxidizing solution additionally contains 0.6 to 1.0% by weight of S 2 O 3 2- thiosulfate ions.
  • the immersion time of the parts in the oxidation bath is advantageously between 5 and 45 minutes.
  • a part treated by the above process is characterized in that its roughness has a Ra value of less than about 0.5 ⁇ m and that its surface is free of "tables".
  • Parallelepiped test pieces measuring 30 x 18 x 8 mm as well as 35 mm diameter rings, both in unalloyed steel with 0.35% carbon and an initial roughness Rmax 0.6 ⁇ m, were treated first. in a bath of nitriding salts containing by mass 19% of cyanate ions, 37% of carbonate ions and 3.5% lithium ions, the rest being sodium and potassium ions. The pieces were immersed for 40 minutes at a temperature of 630 ° C.
  • test pieces were characterized on the one hand in roughness and on the other hand in friction tests.
  • the roughness measurements made on the parts thus treated are grouped in Table II and compared with those obtained with the conventional methods listed, N1, N2, 0x1 and 0x2 corresponding for N1 to a nitriding according to FR 2,171,993 , N2 at a nitriding according to (TF1), 0x1 at an oxidation according to FR 2 708 941 and 02 to an oxidation according to FR 2,306,268 .
  • the morphological parameters of the roughness patterns used to qualify the surface states are: AR (arithmetic mean of length) and R (arithmetic mean of depth).
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain roughness equivalent to that of conventional processes followed by polishing.
  • Cylinders of high-alloy steel containing 0.45% carbon, 9% chromium and 3% silicon are treated in a nitriding bath of identical composition to that of Example 1.
  • the pieces are immersed for 30 minutes in the bath maintained at a temperature of 590 ° C and then quenched in cold water. Once washed, they are oxidized in the brine described in Example 1 for 10 minutes at 130 ° C. and then again washed with hot water.
  • the roughnesses obtained with the standard nitrocarburizing oxidation or oxidized sulfonitrocarburation processes are relatively high because of the poor quality of the surface layers obtained (very porous layers and poorly adhering powdery oxides).
  • the Rz is usually of the order of 10 microns and it is often necessary to carry out a polishing operation, or even micro-grinding, to bring the roughness Rz in the vicinity of 2 microns.
  • test pieces treated according to the range described in this example have a Rz between 2 and 2.5 microns without it was necessary to resort to polishing or microbilling.
  • Rz average of the roughness depths according to the NF ISO 4287 standard of 1997 corrected 1998.
  • the nitriding step was carried out either, according to FR 72 05498 at 570 ° C in a salt bath consisting of 37% cyanate ions and 17% carbonate ions, the remainder being alkali K +, Na + and Li + cations, plus 10-15 ppm S 2 - ions, under the same conditions as those of Example 1.
  • the oxidation step was conducted either according to FR 9309814 at 475 ° C. in a bath of salts based on 13.1% of carbonate ions, 36.5% of nitrate ions, 11.3% of hydroxide ions and 0.1% of dichromate ions; the remainder being alkaline K +, Na + and Li + cations, either under the conditions described in Examples 1 and 2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von mechanischen Werkstücken, zur Vermittlung einer hohen Verschleiß- und Korrosionsbeständigket sowie einer für die Schmierung günstigen Rauheit, wobei aufeinanderfolgend eine Nitridierung und nachfolgend eine Oxidation des Werkstücks durchgeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nitridierung durch Eintauchen des Werkstücks in ein Nitridierbad aus geschmolzenen Salzen, welches frei ist von schwefelhaltigen Spezies, bei einer Temperatur im Bereich zwischen 500 °C und 700 °C durchgeführt wird und dass die Oxidation in einer wässrigen oxidierenden Lösung bei einer Temperatur unterhalb von 200 °C durchgeführt wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Nitridierbad aus geschmolzenen Salzen die folgenden Ionen in Gewichtsprozent enthält:
    Li+ = 0,2 bis 10
    Na+ = 10 bis 30
    K+ = 10 bis 30
    CO3 2- = 25 bis 45
    CNO- = 10 bis 40
    mit einem Gehalt an CN--Ionen von höchstens 0,5 Gew.-%.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Nitridierbad aus geschmolzenen Salzen die folgenden Ionen in Gewichtsprozent enthält:
    Li+ = 2,8 bis 4,2
    Na+ = 16,0 bis 19,0
    K+ = 20,0 bis 23,0
    CO3 2- = 38,0 bis 43,0
    CNO- = 12,0 bis 17,0
    mit einem Gehalt an CN--Ionen von höchstens 0,5 Ges.-%.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mechanische Werkstück für eine Dauer von mindestens 10 Minuten in das Nitridierbad eingetaucht wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mechanische Werkstück für eine Dauer zwischen 30 und 60 Minuten in das Nitridierbad eingetaucht wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Nitridierbad mittels Druckluft durchmischt wird.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wässrige oxidierende Lösung die folgenden Ionen in Gewichtsprozent enthält:
    OH- = 10,0 bis 22,0
    NO3 - = 1,8 bis 11,8
    NO2 - = 0 bis 5,3
    Cl- = 0 bis 1,0
    Na+ = 1,0 bis 38.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wässrige Oxidierende Lösung die folgenden Ionen in Gewichtsprozent enthält:
    OH- = 17 bis 18,5
    NO3 - = 4,0 bis 5,5
    NO2 - = 1,0 bis 2,5
    Cl- = 0,25 bis 0,35
    Na+ = 25 bis 29.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wässrige oxidierende Lösung darüber hinaus 0,1 bis 1,9 Gew.-% Thiosulfationen S2O3 2- enthält.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wässrige Oxidierende Lösung darüber hinaus 0,6 bis 1,0 Gew.-% Thiosulfationen S2O3 2- enthält.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nitridierung bei einer Temperatur im Bereich zwischen 590°C und 650 °C durchgeführt wird.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oxidation bei einer Temperatur im Bereich zwischen 110 °C und 160 °C durchgeführt wird.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oxidation bei einer Temperatur im Bereich zwischen 125 °C und 130 °C durchgerührt wird.
  14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintauchdauer des Werkstücks in das Oxidationsbad zwischen 5 und 45 Minuten liegt.
EP01402028A 2000-08-14 2001-07-26 Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von mechanischen Werkstücken , die Verschleiss und Korrosion ausgesetzt sind Expired - Lifetime EP1180552B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0010633A FR2812888B1 (fr) 2000-08-14 2000-08-14 Procede de traitement superficiel de pieces mecaniques soumise a la fois a l'usure et a la corrosion
FR0010633 2000-08-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1180552A1 EP1180552A1 (de) 2002-02-20
EP1180552B1 true EP1180552B1 (de) 2011-02-16

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EP01402028A Expired - Lifetime EP1180552B1 (de) 2000-08-14 2001-07-26 Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von mechanischen Werkstücken , die Verschleiss und Korrosion ausgesetzt sind

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US6645315B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1180552B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3809082B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100458663B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1231611C (de)
AT (1) ATE498704T1 (de)
AU (1) AU774372B2 (de)
BR (1) BR0103350B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2355479C (de)
DE (1) DE60144039D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2356807T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2812888B1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA01008184A (de)
MY (1) MY130608A (de)
SG (1) SG98452A1 (de)
TW (1) TWI230745B (de)

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JP2004003599A (ja) * 2002-03-29 2004-01-08 Denso Corp 電磁駆動装置
KR100679326B1 (ko) 2005-05-26 2007-02-07 주식회사 삼락열처리 열처리 방법
DE102007060085B4 (de) * 2007-12-13 2012-03-15 Durferrit Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzeugung von korrosionsbeständigen Oberflächen nitrierter oder nitrocarburierter Bauteile aus Stahl sowie nitrocarburierte oder nitrierte Bauteile aus Stahl mit oxidierten Oberflächen
FR2942241B1 (fr) 2009-02-18 2011-10-21 Hydromecanique & Frottement Procede de traitement de pieces pour ustensiles de cuisine
CN102251211A (zh) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-23 上海江凯金属表面处理技术有限公司 对不锈钢进排气门进行盐浴氮化处理中的盐浴配方及处理方法
CN103276345B (zh) * 2012-12-28 2015-07-22 上海尚职纳米科技有限公司 一种应用于汽车零部件金属表面qpq盐浴复合强化改性高新技术
FR3001231B1 (fr) 2013-01-24 2016-05-06 Renault Sa Procede de traitement thermochimique de diffusion pour un element mecanique, et element mecanique correspondant
JP6111126B2 (ja) * 2013-04-12 2017-04-05 パーカー熱処理工業株式会社 塩浴軟窒化処理方法
FR3030578B1 (fr) * 2014-12-23 2017-02-10 Hydromecanique & Frottement Procede de traitement superficiel d'une piece en acier par nitruration ou nitrocarburation, oxydation puis impregnation
CN106319438A (zh) * 2015-07-01 2017-01-11 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 稀土催渗qpq组合物及qpq工艺制造高速切削工具的方法
CN108359785B (zh) * 2018-03-19 2019-12-17 盐城工学院 一种W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢拉刀的强韧化处理方法
FR3096419B1 (fr) * 2019-05-22 2021-04-23 Hydromecanique & Frottement Organe de guidage, système mécanique comprenant un tel organe de guidage, et procédé de fabrication d’un tel organe de guidage
CN113073287A (zh) * 2021-03-19 2021-07-06 北京航天瑞泰液压技术有限公司 一种油气弹簧内缸筒气密性改进方法
FR3133394A1 (fr) 2022-03-14 2023-09-15 Hydromecanique Et Frottement Procede de traitement d’une piece en alliage de fer pour ameliorer sa resistance a la corrosion

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DE1149035B (de) * 1959-04-10 1963-05-22 Degussa Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Nitrieren von Metallen, insbesondere Eisenlegierungen, in alkalicyanid- und alkalicyanathaltigen Salzbaedern
BE795015A (fr) * 1972-02-18 1973-05-29 Stephanois Rech Mec Procede de traitement de pieces metalliques ferreuses pour augmenter leur resistance a l'usure et au grippage
JPS57152461A (en) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-20 Parker Netsushiyori Kogyo Kk Surface treatment of iron member for increasing corrosion and wear resistance
JPS599166A (ja) * 1982-07-06 1984-01-18 Parker Netsushiyori Kogyo Kk 鋼材の表面硬化と窒化処理方法
DE4119820C1 (en) * 1991-06-15 1992-09-03 Goetz Dr. 5400 Koblenz De Baum Treatment of iron@ (alloys) on same support - comprises nitriding in molten alkali metal cyanate and quenching in hot aq. salt bath
FR2679258B1 (fr) * 1991-07-16 1993-11-19 Centre Stephanois Recherc Meca Procede de traitement de pieces en metal ferreux pour ameliorer simultanement leur resistance a la corrosion et leurs proprietes de friction.
FR2708623B1 (fr) * 1993-08-06 1995-10-20 Stephanois Rech Mec Procédé de nitruration de pièces en métal ferreux, à résistance améliorée à la corrosion.
US5576066A (en) * 1993-08-10 1996-11-19 Centre Stephanois De Recherches Mecaniques Hydromecanique Et Frottement Method of improving the wear and corrosion resistance of ferrous metal parts
JPH0820877A (ja) * 1994-07-07 1996-01-23 Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd 耐食性にすぐれた鉄系金属複合材料の製造方法
FR2731232B1 (fr) * 1995-03-01 1997-05-16 Stephanois Rech Procede de traitement de surfaces ferreuses soumises a des sollicitations elevees de frottement
EP0919642B1 (de) * 1997-11-28 2007-10-17 Maizuru Corporation Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Eisenmaterial und Salzbadofen dafür verwendet

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Publication number Publication date
AU5798401A (en) 2002-02-21
FR2812888A1 (fr) 2002-02-15
EP1180552A1 (de) 2002-02-20
KR100458663B1 (ko) 2004-12-03
US20020038679A1 (en) 2002-04-04
FR2812888B1 (fr) 2003-09-05
TWI230745B (en) 2005-04-11
BR0103350B1 (pt) 2012-02-07
KR20020013797A (ko) 2002-02-21
CA2355479C (fr) 2004-06-29
MY130608A (en) 2007-07-31
MXPA01008184A (es) 2004-10-29
ATE498704T1 (de) 2011-03-15
AU774372B2 (en) 2004-06-24
US6645315B2 (en) 2003-11-11
JP3809082B2 (ja) 2006-08-16
SG98452A1 (en) 2003-09-19
CA2355479A1 (fr) 2002-02-14
ES2356807T3 (es) 2011-04-13
DE60144039D1 (de) 2011-03-31
CN1231611C (zh) 2005-12-14
CN1338529A (zh) 2002-03-06
JP2002060925A (ja) 2002-02-28
BR0103350A (pt) 2002-05-28

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