EP1178004B1 - Entnahme-, Reinigung-, Kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der Aluminiumherstellung angewandte Elektrolysezellen - Google Patents

Entnahme-, Reinigung-, Kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der Aluminiumherstellung angewandte Elektrolysezellen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1178004B1
EP1178004B1 EP00420176A EP00420176A EP1178004B1 EP 1178004 B1 EP1178004 B1 EP 1178004B1 EP 00420176 A EP00420176 A EP 00420176A EP 00420176 A EP00420176 A EP 00420176A EP 1178004 B1 EP1178004 B1 EP 1178004B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
buckets
chassis
connecting rod
shovel
cleaning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00420176A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1178004A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Piron
Serge Huon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ASMI
Reel SAS
Original Assignee
Reel SAS
ASMI
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Reel SAS, ASMI filed Critical Reel SAS
Priority to AT00420176T priority Critical patent/ATE319648T1/de
Priority to SI200030857T priority patent/SI1178004T1/sl
Priority to EP00420176A priority patent/EP1178004B1/de
Priority to ES00420176T priority patent/ES2255963T3/es
Priority to DE60026486T priority patent/DE60026486T2/de
Priority to NO20014747A priority patent/NO314635B1/no
Priority to NZ514587A priority patent/NZ514587A/en
Priority to CA2358368A priority patent/CA2358368C/fr
Priority to US10/037,261 priority patent/US6643957B2/en
Publication of EP1178004A1 publication Critical patent/EP1178004A1/de
Publication of EP1178004B1 publication Critical patent/EP1178004B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C3/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs
    • B66C3/14—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon
    • B66C3/16—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon by fluid motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device
    • E02F3/4135—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device with grabs mounted directly on a boom

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of aluminum production by igneous electrolysis, and more particularly the management of certain stages of the operation of such installations.
  • It relates more particularly to a unit for collecting solid parts, in suspension or not in the electrolysis bath, and in particular anode blocks that have been removed from the rod to which they are attached, but also for cleaning and calibrating the orifice left vacant by the replaced anode.
  • the production of aluminum by igneous electrolysis implements the electrolysis of aluminum in a molten cryolite bath according to the reaction: al two O 3 + two e - + N / A 3 [ AT 1 F 6 ] ⁇ two AT 1 + 3 O two + 3 VS ⁇ 3 CO two + F alumina cryolite
  • This reaction uses a melt comprising a mixture of cryolite and alumina, and whose temperature is generally greater than 800 ° C. Given the energies used and in order to minimize the losses inherent in the restart phases, the installations using this technology generally operate continuously, at the level of series of aluminum tanks, the number and dimensions are function on the one hand, the available amperage of the continuous electric current supplying the tanks, and on the other hand, the quantity of production desired.
  • a hard crust of fluorinated cryolite and alumina is formed on the upper surface of the bath, this crust having the advantage of preserving the heat within the bath and therefore to constitute a heat-insulating envelope.
  • the extraction of the spent anodes out of the bath firstly requires the rupture of this crust. This rupture causes the formation of solid pieces or parts supernatant or suspended in the electrolysis bath, and that it is necessary to collect by means of a tool traditionally called "shovel".
  • This shovel must also prepare the space, and the conditions necessary for the introduction of a new anode in place of the used anode to be replaced.
  • This preparation also consists of calibrating the space required for the installation of such a new anode. Indeed, the erosion of the generally rectangular section of the constituent carbon of the anode, in fact induces the reduction of said section relative to a new anode, in particular due to the gradual disappearance of the angular portions, which become rounded.
  • crust breaker a suitable tool
  • crust pieces larger or smaller fall into the crust. bath, float on the surface of it and thus prevent the installation of a new anode.
  • more or less bulky carbon blocks can also float in the bath, following the actual tearing operation of the anode.
  • the shovel thus fulfills a function of collection on the one hand, of cleaning on the other hand, and finally of calibration.
  • articulated buckets the actuation of which induces the approximation of their lips formed at their free edge, and therefore the constitution of a shovel.
  • these buckets are articulated on a frame, so that the actuation of the linkage traditionally used to ensure the closure of the buckets, induces the bringing together of the two lips of one another, the latter describing an arc circle whose concavity is directed upwards.
  • the altitude positioning of the traditional shovels is chosen so that when the bucket is closed, the lips are flush with the bottom of the cathode.
  • the lips can ensure effective scraping of the bottom of the tank only at their closing zone, so that in the long run, it is necessary to drain the tanks to ensure effective cleaning of this one, thus not resulting a stop of the installation, otherwise, one leads to a significant fall in the yield of said installations.
  • the shovel is intended to operate in a hostile and aggressive environment (temperature of electrolytic bath close to 800 ° C, very acidic fluorinated vapors, etc. ..), it is not conceivable to use sensors to manage the environment.
  • Excavator travel at altitude, depending on the degree of bucket closure.
  • EP-A-0 618 313 describes a device capable of ensuring, on the one hand, the rupture of the crust forming on the upper surface of the tanks, and on the other hand, the cleaning of the tank after removal. of the used anode. However, it does not provide an optimized cleaning of said tank.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages. It is aimed at a unit for collecting, cleaning and calibrating the electrolytic cells, and more precisely the anode ports during the replacement of the anodes, which makes it possible at the same time to calibrate these orifices, and to collect the inherent waste. at the rupture of the crust which is formed on the surface of the bath, and moreover, and the cleaning of the bottom of the tank by scraping.
  • This unit comprises two articulated buckets at the lower end of a frame, movable in vertical translation, the free edge of each of said buckets being able to be driven in a circular motion by means of a closing linkage and opening.
  • the unit comprises a first frame, secured to a vertical translating mast, called a scoop support frame, and a second frame, called a bucket support frame, mechanically connected to said excavator support frame, and capable of translated relative thereto, said support frame of buckets incorporating the assembly of closing and opening buckets, said buckets being hinged to the lower end of this frame.
  • the bucket closing linkage comprises a power transmission connecting rod, one end of which is articulated directly or indirectly on said buckets, in order to give their free bottom edge a circular movement when closing the bucket.
  • the invention consists in adding to the traditional support the actual tools constituting the shovel, a frame linked to said support, but nevertheless movable relative thereto, this mobility being intended to allow the realization of a simultaneous movement with the closing operation of the buckets, and able to compensate for the circular movement of the lips of said buckets, so as to give the lips a substantially rectilinear movement parallel to the plane of the bottom of the tank.
  • the shovel is given one of the functions for which it is required, namely the operation of scraping the bottom of the tank.
  • the actuating cylinder is under-dimensioned by means of a calibrated spring, bearing on the excavator frame, and capable of resuming at the level of the body of the jack, part of the forces , and in particular the compensation of the mass constituted by the moving assembly, that is to say the closing linkage of the buckets and the buckets themselves.
  • This spring can be replaced by an equivalent member, such as for example a guided counterweight associated with a cable and a return pulley.
  • Figure 1 a schematic front view of the hall (1) of an aluminum production plant, using so-called igneous electrolysis technology.
  • this tool is mounted on a telescopic mast (5), if the travel of the excavator requires it, said mast being actuated by means of an electromechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic lifting system ( 32).
  • This telescopic mast (5) is integral with the carriage (4), and operates in association with encoder members (not shown), capable of accurately determining the altitude of the excavator, and in particular buckets (16, 17) which constitute it.
  • this frame (10) is associated with a frame (11), hereinafter referred to as a support frame for the buckets, by means of two links, respectively (12) and (13), positioned in the described example, at the lower and upper end of said frame.
  • These rods are articulated respectively at the frame (10) and (11), along hinge axes parallel to each other.
  • the end of the support frame of the buckets (11) receives the two buckets (16) and (17) constituting the shovel (6) itself, and of which the maximum spacing, as shown in Figure 3, corresponds substantially to the space generated by a new anode.
  • Such anode has been shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 by the reference (20).
  • the rod (21) of the anode is fixed to the anode frame (33), supplying said electrodes in known manner with electricity, by means of connectors (not shown).
  • the anodes (20) wear out during the electrolytic process, necessitating their periodic replacement.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show the various components used in the construction of the shovel (6) as well as their mode of operation.
  • the buckets (16) and (17) are each hinged to the support frame of the buckets (11), at a hinge axis (30).
  • the edge (31) constituting the lip of each bucket is capable of this articulation, to describe a circular movement relative to said axis (30).
  • a closing linkage (14), connected by means of a connecting rod (23) articulated at a hinge axis (15) to a rotary actuating rod (18), allows ensuring the movement of each of the buckets (16) and (17), as can be seen in conjunction with Figures 4 to 6.
  • the closing linkage is formed on the one hand by the intermediate connecting rod (23) and on the other hand by two links (14, 14 ') hinged on the buckets (16) respectively. and (17), and at the lower end of the intermediate rod (23).
  • the rod (14 ') is arcuate in order to take into account the obstacles it is likely to encounter during its race.
  • the other end of the intermediate rod (23) is articulated by a hinge pin (22) on the rotary actuating rod (18) having a particular profile.
  • this rod has a substantially triangular shape and has in particular three branches, at the end of which are articulated three different bodies. As already mentioned, at the end of the first branch is articulated the end of the intermediate rod (23) acting on the closing linkage (14).
  • the opposite branch receives the free end of the rod of an activation jack (25), articulated on a hinge pin (24) formed at the end of said branch.
  • the cylinder (25) is intended to rotate the rotary actuating rod (18) relative to its activation axis (19).
  • This axis (19) is integral with the support frame of the buckets (11).
  • the point of application of this jack is integral with the support frame of the buckets (11).
  • the cylinder (25) is actuated by means of a pneumatic source of compressed air (not shown) extending inside the telescopic mast (5).
  • the buckets (16, 17) are in the maximum open position. According to this configuration, the plane containing the lip (31) of said bucket (17) extends substantially perpendicular to the bottom of the cathode, that is to say the vessel.
  • the two connecting rods (12) and (13), solidarisant the support frame of the buckets (11) to the excavator frame (10) are substantially horizontal.
  • the shovel performs the function assigned to it, namely the collection of various debris and other pieces from the anodes or the upper crust of the bath, without altering the cathode, ie the bottom of the tank, while allowing a gentle scraping thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Einheit zum Einsammeln, zum Reinigen und Kalibrieren der Elektrolysewannen und insbesondere der Anodenöffnungen beim Austausch der Anoden einer Anlage zur Produktion von Aluminium durch Schmelzflußelektrolyse , umfassend zwei im Bereich des unteren Endes eines Gestells 10 angelenkte, in vertikaler Verschiebung bewegliche Schaufeln (16, 17), wobei dem unteren Rand 31 jeder der genannten Schaufeln (16, 17) mittels eines Schließ- und Öffnungswerks (14, 14') eine kreisförmige Bewegung verliehen werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet:
    • daß sie ein als Greifertraggestell bezeichnetes, an einem vertikalen Führungsmast (5) befestigtes erstes Gestell (10) und ein als Schaufeltraggestell bezeichnetes, mechanisch mit dem genannten Greifertraggestell (10) verbundenes und hierzu verschiebbares zweites Gestell (11) umfaßt, wobei in das genannte Schaufeltraggestell (11) das Schließ- und Öffnungswerk der Schaufeln (14, 14') integriert ist, wobei die genannten Schaufeln (16, 17) an dem unteren Ende dieses Gestells angelenkt sind;
    • und daß das Schließwerk (14, 14') der Schaufeln (16, 17) eine Kraftübertragungsstange (23) umfaßt, von deren Enden eines direkt oder indirekt an die genannten Schaufeln (16, 17) angelenkt ist, um ihrem unteren Rand (31) bei dem Vorgang des Schließens des Greifers (6) eine kreisförmige Bewegung zu verleihen, und deren anderes Ende an einer BetätigungsSchwinge (18) angelenkt ist, welche ihrerseits an dem Schaufeltraggestell (11) angelenkt (19) ist, wobei die genannte Schwinge (18) mechanisch mit dem Greifertraggestell (10) mittels einer an dem Greifertraggestell (10) angelenkten Ausgleichsstange (27) verbunden ist, wobei die genannte Schwinge (18) zudem mittels eines Betätigungsantriebs (25) in Drehung versetzt wird, dessen Angriffspunkt an dem Schaufeltraggestell (11) befestigt ist.
  2. Einheit zum Einsammeln, zum Reinigen und Kalibrieren der Elektrolysewannen gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die BetätigungsSchwinge (18) drei Schenkel aufweist, welche sich von ihrer Achse (19) zur Anlenkung an dem Schaufeltraggestell (11) ausgehend erstrecken, wobei zwei der Schenkel im wesentlichen kolinear sind und die Betätigungsachse oder -stange des Betätigungsantriebs (25) bzw. eines der Enden der Zwischenstange (23) des Schließwerks (14, 14') aufnehmen, wobei sich der dritte Schenkel im wesentlichen rechtwinklig in bezug auf die beiden anderen erstreckt und im Bereich seines freien Endes die Gelenkachse der Ausgleichsstange (27) aufnimmt.
  3. Einheit zum Einsammeln, zum Reinigen und Kalibrieren der Elektrolysewannen gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ferner eine geeichte Feder (29) umfaßt, welche dazu geeignet ist, im Bereich des Gehäuses des Betätigungsantriebs (25) einen Teil der Kräfte aufzunehmen und insbesondere den Ausgleich der von dem Schließwerk (14, 14') der Schaufeln und den Schaufeln (16, 17) selbst gebildeten Masse zu übernehmen, wobei die genannte Feder fest mit dem Greifertraggestell (10) verbunden ist.
  4. Einheit zum Einsammeln, zum Reinigen und Kalibrieren der Elektrolysewannen gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die geeichte Feder (29) an einem fest mit dem Greifertraggestell (10) verbundenen Kippzapfen (34) montiert ist, so daß es ihr möglich ist, beim Drehen der Schwinge (18) eine Schwenkbewegung parallel zu der des Antriebs (25) auszuführen.
  5. Einheit zum Einsammeln, zum Reinigen und Kalibrieren der Elektrolysewannen gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mast (5) teleskopisch ist und durch ein elektro-mechanisches, hydraulisches oder pneumatisches Hebesystem (32) betätigt wird.
  6. Einheit zum Einsammeln, zum Reinigen und Kalibrieren der Elektrolysewannen gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie auf einem Schlitten (4) montiert ist, der durch Verschiebung auf einer Rollbrücke (2) beweglich ist, welche sich oberhalb der Wannen verschiebt.
EP00420176A 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Entnahme-, Reinigung-, Kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der Aluminiumherstellung angewandte Elektrolysezellen Expired - Lifetime EP1178004B1 (de)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT00420176T ATE319648T1 (de) 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Entnahme-, reinigung-, kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der aluminiumherstellung angewandte elektrolysezellen
SI200030857T SI1178004T1 (sl) 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Enota za zbiranje, ciscenje in kalibriranje elektroliznih kadi, ki se uporabljajo za pridobivanja aluminija
EP00420176A EP1178004B1 (de) 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Entnahme-, Reinigung-, Kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der Aluminiumherstellung angewandte Elektrolysezellen
ES00420176T ES2255963T3 (es) 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Unidad de recogida, de limpieza y de calibrado de cubas de electrolisis utilizada para la produccion de aluminio.
DE60026486T DE60026486T2 (de) 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Entnahme-, Reinigung-, Kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der Aluminiumherstellung angewandte Elektrolysezellen
NO20014747A NO314635B1 (no) 2000-08-04 2001-09-28 Anordning for oppsamling, rengjöring og kalibrering av elektrolysedigler benyttet for aluminiumsproduksjon
NZ514587A NZ514587A (en) 2000-08-04 2001-10-02 Hinged bucket for collecting, cleaning and calibrating electrolysis pots used for aluminium production
CA2358368A CA2358368C (fr) 2000-08-04 2001-10-04 Unite de collecte, de nettoyage et de calibrage de cuves d'electrolyse mise en oeuvre pour la production d'aluminium
US10/037,261 US6643957B2 (en) 2000-08-04 2001-10-23 Unit for the collection, cleaning and calibration of electrolysis pots used for aluminium production

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00420176A EP1178004B1 (de) 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Entnahme-, Reinigung-, Kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der Aluminiumherstellung angewandte Elektrolysezellen
NO20014747A NO314635B1 (no) 2000-08-04 2001-09-28 Anordning for oppsamling, rengjöring og kalibrering av elektrolysedigler benyttet for aluminiumsproduksjon
NZ514587A NZ514587A (en) 2000-08-04 2001-10-02 Hinged bucket for collecting, cleaning and calibrating electrolysis pots used for aluminium production
CA2358368A CA2358368C (fr) 2000-08-04 2001-10-04 Unite de collecte, de nettoyage et de calibrage de cuves d'electrolyse mise en oeuvre pour la production d'aluminium
US10/037,261 US6643957B2 (en) 2000-08-04 2001-10-23 Unit for the collection, cleaning and calibration of electrolysis pots used for aluminium production

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1178004A1 EP1178004A1 (de) 2002-02-06
EP1178004B1 true EP1178004B1 (de) 2006-03-08

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EP00420176A Expired - Lifetime EP1178004B1 (de) 2000-08-04 2000-08-04 Entnahme-, Reinigung-, Kalibrierungseinrichtung für in der Aluminiumherstellung angewandte Elektrolysezellen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6643957B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1178004B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE319648T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2358368C (de)
DE (1) DE60026486T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2255963T3 (de)
NO (1) NO314635B1 (de)
NZ (1) NZ514587A (de)
SI (1) SI1178004T1 (de)

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FR2940796B1 (fr) * 2009-01-08 2010-12-17 Ecl Dispositif d'attache de recipient pour collecter des debris solides et pivotant a l'extremite d'un bras mobile, en particulier dispositif d'attache des godets articules d'une pelle a croute
FR2945296B1 (fr) * 2009-05-11 2011-04-29 Ecl Dispositif pour collecter les debris solides presents dans le bain et le metal liquide d'une cuve d'electolyse destinee a la production d'aluminium, par raclage du fond de ladite cuve
FR2953862B1 (fr) * 2009-12-11 2011-12-16 Ecl Dispositif destine a collecter des debris solides dans une cuve d'electrolyse destinee a la production d'aluminium
CN105253769B (zh) * 2015-11-27 2017-09-22 株洲天桥起重机股份有限公司 一种铝电解起重设备用捞渣抓斗
CN105502158B (zh) * 2015-12-18 2018-03-23 厦门理工学院 一种抓取轨迹为直线的水平抓斗装置
CN107381342A (zh) * 2016-05-17 2017-11-24 湖南工业大学 一种实现铝电解捞渣抓斗底部平移的设计方法
DE102017123895A1 (de) * 2017-10-13 2019-04-18 Albach Maschinenbau GmbH Schwerlasthebeeinheit mit einem einen Hub durchführenden Schwerlastgreifer sowie ein Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Greifbewegung
CN109680304B (zh) * 2019-03-07 2024-05-31 新乡宏达冶金振动设备有限公司 双阳极电解质全自动清理系统
CN110725267A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-01-24 徐州菲诺特德机械设备有限公司 一种铲雪车挖斗

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IT1263968B (it) * 1993-02-25 1996-09-05 Gianfranco Zannini Apparecchiatura automatizzata per il cambio degli anodi delle celle elettrolitiche per la produzione di alluminio
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US6145517A (en) * 1998-05-11 2000-11-14 Keibler-Thompson Corp. Method of removing agglomerations of polyethylene from reactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20030106246A1 (en) 2003-06-12
NZ514587A (en) 2002-09-27
EP1178004A1 (de) 2002-02-06
ATE319648T1 (de) 2006-03-15
US6643957B2 (en) 2003-11-11
DE60026486D1 (de) 2006-05-04
NO20014747D0 (no) 2001-09-28
ES2255963T3 (es) 2006-07-16
CA2358368A1 (fr) 2003-04-04
NO314635B1 (no) 2003-04-22
NO20014747L (no) 2003-03-31
DE60026486T2 (de) 2006-08-24
CA2358368C (fr) 2011-01-25
SI1178004T1 (sl) 2006-08-31

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