EP1176252A1 - Kalander - Google Patents
Kalander Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1176252A1 EP1176252A1 EP01115554A EP01115554A EP1176252A1 EP 1176252 A1 EP1176252 A1 EP 1176252A1 EP 01115554 A EP01115554 A EP 01115554A EP 01115554 A EP01115554 A EP 01115554A EP 1176252 A1 EP1176252 A1 EP 1176252A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- piston
- cylinder
- calender according
- openings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
Definitions
- the invention relates to a calender with a stand a lower roller and at least one arranged above it Roller, the lower roller over a cylinder is lowerable.
- Such a calender is known from DE 37 02 245 A1. US 5 806 415 also shows such a calender.
- Lowering the lower roller is necessary to the or to open the calender's nips.
- Opening is not only necessary to a web of material, for example, to be able to thread a paper web. It is particularly necessary when there is a mistake occurred, for example a tear of the paper web. In this case, the nips would be closed could damage the calender's rollers become.
- the invention has for its object the quick disconnect to improve the calender.
- This task is performed on a calender of the type mentioned at the beginning Art solved in that the cylinder over more than 1 ⁇ 4 of that needed to lower the bottom roller Piston stroke controlled discharge path.
- the outflow path is preferably by movement of the piston controlled relative to the cylinder housing. In order to the control results from the movement of the Roller itself. External intervention is not necessary, so that additional control means are eliminated can.
- the resistance of the outflow path preferably increases the further the piston moves into the cylinder housing is. This applies to the usual procedure, where the nips are closed when the piston is extended are. In cases where the nips are reversed with one operated cylinders are closed, takes the resistance of the outflow path decreases accordingly. With this configuration allows you to control the speed of movement the roller so that it controls the opening movement initiates relatively quickly, but then increasingly slowly becomes. So the entire opening movement takes possibly the same length as in the known cases. The enlargement of the nip opening at the beginning of the movement however, happens faster.
- a tube is advantageously arranged in the cylinder housing, that has openings in its wall and in a hole protrudes into the piston. This tube then forms the variable resistances in the outflow path of the cylinder. The more openings in the wall of the pipe are free are given, the lower the resistance in the outflow path. If the piston is retracted, then covers he gradually more and more openings in the wall of the Pipe and thus automatically increases the resistance in the outflow path.
- the tube preferably projects over the entire piston stroke into the piston. This is a speed control possible over the entire piston stroke.
- the pipe is guided in the piston over the entire piston stroke and thus fixed so that the possibility of errors is kept to a minimum become.
- the tube is preferably open at the end. This plays for the lowering movement, i.e. for opening the Nips, only a subordinate role.
- the opening can but be an advantage when closing the nips.
- the hydraulic fluid inside the Pistons act supportive, so that the piston faster can be extended.
- the tube is advantageously centered in the cylinder housing and arranged centrally to the piston. This makes it unbalanced Avoided burdens.
- the openings are evenly distributed over the length of the tube. This can be achieved, for example, in that the openings are all the same size and lengthways are arranged at equal intervals. Naturally it is also possible to have multiple openings in the same Distribute "altitude" around the circumference of the pipe. If the piston now retracts into the cylinder housing then it covers a quasi linearly increasing opening area and thus reduces the outflow cross section. Because of the discrete distribution of the openings this will of course become discontinuous done, but of minor importance is. You can do such a linear behavior though also generate by having different sizes Openings with different distances along the length of the pipe. With such a linear Behavior leads to a quasi linear decrease in speed.
- the openings according to a predetermined non-linear function distributed over the length of the pipe are at which the outflow cross section to the end the stroke movement decreases disproportionately.
- the outflow cross section is still the smallest at the end the lifting movement.
- the increase in cross section when extending of the piston or vice versa the decrease in cross section however, when the piston is retracted not linear, but according to another function, preferably a quadratic function. So that's it possible at the beginning of the piston movement a lot to provide a larger discharge cross-section, which allows faster piston movement while the Piston braked more towards the end of the movement becomes.
- the middle rollers are supported on the stand by cylinders which one over more than three quarters of the to lower the Piston strokes required for each center roll Have outflow path.
- the cylinders also called Compensation cylinders can be referred to directly or indirectly on the stand or frame of the Calender. They have different tasks. While the company in which a material web is satined, compensate for overhanging loads on the rollers, for example guide rollers or scrapers, or a part the roll load itself. With the calender after the beginning US 5 806 415 mentioned is even the complete Roll weight is absorbed by these cylinders.
- the outflow path is preferably with a control device connected, a drop in pressure in the cylinder housing prevented.
- a control device connected, a drop in pressure in the cylinder housing prevented.
- the Cylinders take on part of the load, which is reflected in expresses a corresponding pressure in the cylinder. If so the support from the lower rollers is eliminated, then the pressure in the cylinder rises accordingly.
- the control device now ensures that hydraulic fluid can escape from the cylinders. she but also ensures that the pressure in the cylinder does not drop, so the roller still from a certain force is held. The lowering movement can be controlled well so that a collision can be avoided by rollers.
- control device the pressure in the cylinder slightly increased when retracting the piston. This improves the "braking behavior" at the end of the movement. Only when the roller reaches its "end position” has opened the corresponding nips completely pressure is released. In this case the roller or the lever, for example, on one Sit on the end stop.
- the cylinders preferably have different center rolls with closed nips different resistances the outflow paths, with the resistors increase from bottom to top.
- the top middle roller basically just has to cover the path that the corresponds to the desired nip opening.
- the next center roll already have to travel twice as long namely the way to get the nip between the second top and next center roll around the predetermined Open amount plus the opening width of the top nips.
- the resistance in the outflow paths chosen so that the top roller is slowest falls and the initial speeds of the rollers is increased when opening from top to bottom. This can be achieved relatively easily in that different before the start of the roller movement Resistances are present in the outflow paths.
- the Roller with the least resistance in the outflow path can the hydraulic fluid from the cylinder on oust fastest and accordingly in the same Time to go a long way.
- the cylinders are preferably identical to one another, show different with closed nips wide extended pistons. If the resistance dependent on the position of the piston in the outflow paths then this gives a relatively easy way different despite the same cylinder Flow resistances for different roller positions provided. If the piston continues to retract then the outflow path already has a larger one Resistance. Such a retracted piston is can be found with a roller higher up. The lowest center roller has extended the furthest Piston and accordingly the lowest flow resistance in the outflow path.
- At least one cylinder preferably has a tube at least one elongated opening, the width of which changes along the length of the pipe. You can also use one instead of many individual holes choose another arrangement of the opening through which the hydraulic fluid drain from the cylinder housing can.
- At least one cylinder Pipe having multiple elongated openings that extend parallel to the axis of the tube and different have axial lengths. Due to the different axial lengths result in one axial movement of the piston different from the tube Degree of coverage of the openings so that one also a change in the outflow cross-section in this way can reach.
- a tube is arranged in the cylinder housing, which on its outside a recess arrangement with a Cross-sectional area changeable over the axial length has, and a seal on the tube axially displaceable is, the recess arrangement is an adjustable Throttle forms.
- the seal is on the piston arranged. It basically prevents passage of hydraulic fluid through the gap between Tube and piston. An exception to this is the recess arrangement. In this area, between the Seal and the tube created a defined gap, through the hydraulic fluid from the cylinder housing can enter the space in the piston, which is used for receiving de Rohres is provided. From this room the Then drain hydraulic fluid through the pipe. This way too, it is done with relatively simple means possible to have a controlled outflow path ready put.
- the recess arrangement preferably has at least a recess whose width and / or depth in Axial direction varies. With the width is the extension meant in the circumferential direction. By the change the cross section of the recess in width or A change in the outflow cross-section can be seen in the depth direction cause.
- the recess arrangement has several axially parallel recesses has different lengths, if all the recesses are below the seal there is a relatively large flow cross-section to disposal. If due to a shorter length of the remaining recesses only one recess from the Seal is covered, the flow cross-section has reduced accordingly.
- calender 1 shows a calender 1 with a stand 2 which a top roller 3 with jacket stroke 4 and a bottom roller 5 on a cylinder 6, also referred to below as "Setting cylinder” is referred to are arranged.
- a top roller 3 with jacket stroke 4 and a bottom roller 5 on a cylinder 6, also referred to below as "Setting cylinder” is referred to are arranged.
- a middle rollers 7-10 which are mounted on levers 11-14 are.
- the levers are around bearing points 15-18 am Stand 2 swiveling.
- the positioning cylinder has 6 raised the lower roller 5, which then the Rollers 10, 9, 8, 7 located above also with lifts so that nips 19-23, in which a material web 24, for example a paper web is satinized, closed become.
- the material web 24 is and guide devices, for example deflection rollers 25, 26 led, for reasons of clarity only for Levers 11 and 12 are shown. You can continue to the levers 11-14 still scraper blades or other additional devices be arranged, which also as "overhanging loads".
- the cylinder 6 generates the one for satinizing the material web 24 required pressure in the nips 19th to 23, as is known per se.
- the cylinder 6 but must also be able to the lower roller 5 as possible quickly lower so that the nips 19 to 23 in Error can be opened.
- Such an error is, for example, by tearing off the material web educated.
- Fig. 2 shows the cylinder 6 with the extended Piston rod 37
- Fig. 3 the cylinder 6 with the retracted Piston rod 37 shows.
- the cylinder 6 is 1 rotated by 180 ° compared to the illustration in FIG. 1, to show that the installation position is under the Aspect of the changeable outflow cross section doesn't matter.
- the piston rod 37 is arranged on a piston 38, which is movable in a cylinder housing 39.
- the piston 38 penetrates a cover plate 40 of the cylinder housing 39 and is opposite the peripheral wall of the Cylinder housing guided with a face plate 41, the is fastened to the piston 38 by means of bolts 42.
- the Piston 38 has a central bore 43 which extends over almost the entire length of the piston 38 and is at least as long as the stroke H of the piston 38.
- a tube 44 protrudes into the bore 43, which is on the cylinder housing 39, more precisely on a base plate 45 is attached.
- the tube 44 has an end face Opening 46, which opens into the bore 43.
- the pipe 44 is surrounded by a seal 47 on the front End of the piston 38 so arranged in the bore 43 is that it bears sealingly against tube 44.
- the Face plate 41 surrounds the tube 44 with a predetermined Distance, so that between the end plate 41st and an annular space 48 is formed for the tube 44.
- the tube 44 has a plurality of openings in its wall 49 on that of one inside the tube trained channel 50 to the pressure chamber 51, when the piston 38 is extended.
- Channel 50 is connected to a drain port 52.
- the pressure room 51 has a further connection 53. Through this connection 53, for example, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid determine in the pressure chamber 51. It is but also possible here to close the Nips 19-23 supply hydraulic fluid. Further the cylinder housing 39 still has a leakage oil connection 54 on, through the hydraulic fluid that at a Sealing arrangement 55 of the face plate 51 penetrated is can be removed.
- the piston is in the position shown in FIG. 2 38 most extended. Accordingly, they are most of the openings 49 are free, i.e. over the openings 49 is the channel 50 and thus the drain connection 52nd with the pressure chamber 51 in connection. If the hydraulic fluid can flow out of the pressure chamber 51, then the piston 38 due to the weight forces in the Cylinder housing 39 retracted. The hydraulic fluid is here through the openings 49 in the channel 50 ousted. With increasing entry movement but more and more openings 49 closed, so that the flow resistance for the flowing hydraulic fluid increased. This increase in outflow resistance occurs practically from the start of the movement of the piston 38. In the shown in Fig. 3 End position, in which the face plate 41 on the base plate 45 is present, there is only one opening 49 for that Outflow of the hydraulic fluid from the pressure chamber 51 free.
- each lever 11-14 is one Cylinder 26-29, hereinafter also called “Compensation cylinder” is referred to on stand 2 supported.
- the cylinders 26-29 are all identical in construction. Their principle of operation corresponds to that of the pitch cylinder 6. The only difference is that Attachment to the stand, more precisely to the distance an attachment point 30-33 from lever 11-14 in the operating position shown. Accordingly the piston rods 34-37 of the cylinders 26-29 are different extended far.
- the cylinders 26-29 basically have the same structure, 2 and 3 in connection with the cylinder 6 has been explained.
- Control device not shown, is now enabled that hydraulic fluid through the drain port 51 flows off. The control device ensures this to ensure that the pressure in pressure chamber 51 does not drop, but may even increase to a small extent.
- Fig. 4 shows two different alternatives. With circles it is Marked course, which results when the Openings 49 in the axial direction evenly over the length of the tube 44 are distributed. In this case achieved the piston relatively quickly reaches its maximum speed. This speed then drops until it is reached linearly from the end position at about 100 mm.
- a quadratic function distributed the length of the tube 44, i.e. in the farthest extended position of the piston 38 becomes a disproportionately large outflow area through the openings 49 released, which at the end of the stroke (Fig. 3) very much reduced. In this case, a longer driveway a higher speed reached.
- Fig. 5 shows the speed distribution over the Time. After about half a second is the maximum Falling speed of levers 11-14 reached. This then decreases almost linearly. The small gradations result by the fact that the openings 49 are not continuous reducing outflow area available but a gradual reduction.
- Fig. 6 shows the pressure conditions in the pressure chamber 51.
- the Pressure rises slightly.
- the spikes in the curve are due to the fact that when a Openings 49 through the seal 47 a short pressure surge he follows.
- All middle rollers 7-10 move with the maximum Speed, this speed too The beginning of the opening movement is greater than the end.
- the speed distribution is from below graded upwards so that the lower one The roller moves faster than the one above. In order to is a collision between adjacent rollers excluded when opening the nips 19-23.
- Fig. 7 shows a modified embodiment of the tube 44. Instead of the multitude of openings 49 is only an exaggerated opening A is provided, whose width changes from bottom to top. Now if the schematically illustrated direction 47 is moved over the opening, then connects the free flow cross section.
- Fig. 8 shows a corresponding embodiment of the tube 44.
- a recess A are a variety provided by axially parallel recesses B, all start at the same axial position on tube 44, but have different axial lengths.
- the gasket 47 is in one position where it covers a plurality of recesses B, then a correspondingly large flow cross-section is available Available.
- the seal 47 is pushed further up then the number of recesses has increased B, through which liquid can pass, accordingly reduced.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Kalanders,
- Fig. 2
- einen Zylinder mit ausgefahrenem Kolben,
- Fig. 3
- einen Zylinder mit eingefahrenem Kolben,
- Fig. 4
- zwei Kurven zur Abhängigkeit der Geschwindigkeit vom Weg,
- Fig. 5
- eine Kurve zur Darstellung der Abhängigkeit der Geschwindigkeit von der Zeit und
- Fig. 6
- eine Kurve zur Darstellung des Druckverlaufs über der Zeit,
- Fig. 7
- eine mögliche Ausgestaltung eines Rohres und
- Fig. 8
- eine alternative Ausgestaltung des Rohres.
Claims (21)
- Kalander mit einem Ständer, einer Unterwalze und mindestens einer darüber angeordneten Walze, wobei die Unterwalze über einen Zylinder absenkbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinder (6) einen über mehr als ¼ des zum Absenken der Unterwalze (5) benötigten Kolbenhubs gesteuerten Ausströmpfad aufweist.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausströmpfad durch eine Bewegung des Kolbens (38) relativ zum Zylindergehäuse (39) gesteuert ist.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Widerstand des Ausströmpfades zunimmt, je weiter der Kolben (38) in das Zylindergehäuse (39) eingefahren ist.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Zylindergehäuse (39) ein Rohr (44) angeordnet ist, das Öffnungen (49) in seiner Wand aufweist und in eine Bohrung (43) im Kolben (38) hineinragt.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (44) über den gesamten Kolbenhub (H) in den Kolben (38) hineinragt.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Kolben (38) und Rohr (44) eine Dichtung (47) angeordnet ist.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (44) stirnseitig offen ist.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (44) zentrisch im Zylindergehäuse (39) und zentrisch zum Kolben (38) angeordnet ist.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (49) über die Länge des Rohres (44) gleichmäßig verteilt sind.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (49) nach einer vorbestimmten nichtlinearen Funktion über die Länge des Rohres (44) verteilt sind, bei der der Ausströmquerschnitt zum Ende der Hubbewegung überproportional abnimmt.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funktion eine quadratische Funktion ist.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über der Unterwalze (5) mindestens zwei Mittelwalzen (7-10) und darüber eine Oberwalze (3) angeordnet sind, wobei die Mittelwalzen (7-10) über Zylinder (26-29) am Ständer abgestützt sind, die einen über mehr als ¾ des zum Absenken der jeweiligen Mittelwalzen (7-10) benötigten Kolbenhubs gesteuerten Ausströmpfad aufweisen.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausströmpfad mit einer Steuereinrichtung verbunden, die ein Absinken des Drucks im Zylindergehäuse (39) verhindert.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuereinrichtung den Druck im Zylinder (39) beim Einfahren des Kolbens (38) geringfügig erhöht.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 12-14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zylinder (26-29) unterschiedlicher Mittelwalzen (7-10) bei geschlossenen Nips (19-23) unterschiedliche Widerstände der Ausströmpfade aufweisen, wobei die Widerstände von unten nach oben zunehmen.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zylinder (26-29) zueinander gleich ausgebildet, bei geschlossenen Nips (19-23) aber unterschiedlich weit ausgefahrene Kolben (38) aufweisen.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Zylinder (6, 26-29) ein Rohr (44) mit mindestens einer länglichen Öffnung (A) aufweist, deren Breite sich entlang der Längserstreckung des Rohres verändert.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Zylinder (6, 26-29) ein Rohr (44) mit mehreren länglichen Öffnungen (B) aufweist, die sich parallel zur Achse des Rohres (44) erstrecken und unterschiedliche axiale Längen aufweisen.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Zylindergehäuse (39) ein Rohr (44) angeordnet ist, das auf seiner Außenseite eine Ausnehmungsanordnung mit einer über die axiale Länge veränderbaren Querschnittsfläche aufweist, und eine Dichtung (47) auf dem Rohr (44) axial verschiebbar ist, wobei die Ausnehmungsanordnung (A, B) eine verstellbare Drossel bildet.
- Kalander nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmungsanordnung mindestens eine Ausnehmung (A) aufweist, der Breite und/oder Tiefe in Axialrichtung variiert.
- Kalander nach einem der Ansprüche 19 oder 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmungsanordnung mehrere Achsparallele Ausnehmungen (B) aufweist, die unterschiedliche Längen aufweisen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE20012878U | 2000-07-26 | ||
DE20012878U DE20012878U1 (de) | 2000-07-26 | 2000-07-26 | Kalander |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1176252A1 true EP1176252A1 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
EP1176252B1 EP1176252B1 (de) | 2005-04-13 |
Family
ID=7944398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01115554A Expired - Lifetime EP1176252B1 (de) | 2000-07-26 | 2001-06-28 | Kalander |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1176252B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE20012878U1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102051838A (zh) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | 沃依特专利有限责任公司 | 打开辊隙的方法和设备 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010061749A1 (de) | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Öffnen eines Nips |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2845055A1 (de) * | 1978-10-16 | 1980-04-17 | Kleinewefers Gmbh | Verfahren zum schnellen trennen der walzen eines kalanders und vorrichtung zu dessen durchfuehrung |
DE3702245A1 (de) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-08-04 | Kleinewefers Gmbh | Kalander |
-
2000
- 2000-07-26 DE DE20012878U patent/DE20012878U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-06-28 EP EP01115554A patent/EP1176252B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-28 DE DE50105888T patent/DE50105888D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2845055A1 (de) * | 1978-10-16 | 1980-04-17 | Kleinewefers Gmbh | Verfahren zum schnellen trennen der walzen eines kalanders und vorrichtung zu dessen durchfuehrung |
DE3702245A1 (de) * | 1987-01-27 | 1988-08-04 | Kleinewefers Gmbh | Kalander |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102051838A (zh) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | 沃依特专利有限责任公司 | 打开辊隙的方法和设备 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1176252B1 (de) | 2005-04-13 |
DE20012878U1 (de) | 2000-10-05 |
DE50105888D1 (de) | 2005-05-19 |
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