EP1172625A2 - Wärmeaustauschrippe für Wärmetauscher mit hartgelöteten Platten und Wärmetauscher zu deren Verwendung - Google Patents

Wärmeaustauschrippe für Wärmetauscher mit hartgelöteten Platten und Wärmetauscher zu deren Verwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1172625A2
EP1172625A2 EP01401708A EP01401708A EP1172625A2 EP 1172625 A2 EP1172625 A2 EP 1172625A2 EP 01401708 A EP01401708 A EP 01401708A EP 01401708 A EP01401708 A EP 01401708A EP 1172625 A2 EP1172625 A2 EP 1172625A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fin
fluid
heat exchanger
flow
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01401708A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1172625A3 (de
Inventor
Jean-Yves Lehman
Etienne Werlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1172625A2 publication Critical patent/EP1172625A2/de
Publication of EP1172625A3 publication Critical patent/EP1172625A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F28F3/027—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements with openings, e.g. louvered corrugated fins; Assemblies of corrugated strips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/108—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with combined cross flow and parallel flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fin heat exchanger for plate heat exchanger brazed, of the type comprising a corrugated perforated product and / or flat which has a main direction of undulation and which is bounded by two side edges.
  • the invention applies for example to lines main heat exchange systems air distillation, which put in exchange relation indirect thermal incoming air and cold products from the air distillation column.
  • Brazed plate heat exchangers are commonly used because they offer a large area heat exchange in a particularly compact volume, and, moreover, they are relatively easy to manufacture.
  • exchangers often made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, consist of a plurality of parallel plates, usually rectangular, between which are arranged on the one hand of the spacer waves or fins of various geometries, and on the other hand bars for closing shaped fluid flow passages flat delimited by the plates.
  • the flows can be against the current, co-current or cross-currents.
  • the fins have the function of increasing the heat exchange surface and therefore performance overall heat transfer. They transfer into effect of heat fluxes by conduction to the plates adjacent, which they are secured by brazing.
  • the fins are produced very economically from a folded, perforated, punctured and / or flat product stamped.
  • the basic wave may have a cross section substantially square, rectangular or triangular.
  • the direction main ripple which is the middle direction of ripple in the case of herringbone waves, defines the direction of least resistance to fluid flow.
  • a part main of the passage length constitutes the part heat exchange proper, which is furnished with a fin called heat exchanger fin.
  • this part is bordered by distribution parts fluid inlet and outlet lined with fins distribution.
  • the heat exchange part is delimited by two parallel side bars on two sides opposite plates, and the main direction of ripple of the heat exchange fin is parallel to these bars of closure, with the exception sometimes of limited regions where this main direction is perpendicular to the bars of side closures (so-called “hard-way” arrangement) for create a local pressure drop.
  • hard-way arrangement
  • the fins have a general ripple direction very inclined by compared to that of the heat exchange fins.
  • the invention aims to increase the compactness of brazed plate heat exchangers by improving their thermal performance.
  • the invention relates to a fin heat exchange of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the main ripple direction is oblique to the at the two side edges, and in that the fin has a general direction of least resistance to the flow of a fluid which is substantially parallel to the two edges side.
  • the invention also relates to a heat exchanger brazed plate heat, of the type comprising a plurality of parallel rectangular plates that define between passages of generally flat shape, and, in each passage, a heat exchange fin, each fin forming a spacer between two plates, as well as bars side closure, and in which an exchange fin thermal is as defined above.
  • the heat exchanger 1 shown in Figure 1 is for example a cryogenic heat exchanger. It is consisting of a stack of rectangular plates parallel 2 all identical, which define them a plurality of passages for fluids to be introduced indirect heat exchange relationship. In the example shown, these passages are successively and cyclically passages 3 for a first fluid, 4 for a second fluid and 5 for a third fluid.
  • Each passage 3 to 5 is bordered by bars of lateral closure 6 and end closure 7 which delimit it in leaving free windows 8 for inlet / outlet of the fluid corresponding.
  • spacer waves or wavy fins serving both thermal fins, spacers between the plates, especially during soldering and to avoid any deformation plates when using fluids under pressure, and for guiding the flow of fluids.
  • These fins are, over most of the length of the passage, fins 9 heat exchange. In their regions adjacent to the windows, these fins 9 are extended by distribution fins 10. These distribute the fluid entering from an inlet window to the entire width of the fin 9, or collect the fluid leaving all this width up to an exit window.
  • the stacking of plates, closing bars and spacer waves are generally made of aluminum or aluminum alloy and is assembled in one oven brazing operation.
  • Fluid inlet / outlet boxes 11 general semi-cylindrical, are then welded to the body exchanger thus produced so as to cover the rows of corresponding input / output windows 8, and they are connected to pipes 12 supply and evacuation of fluids.
  • the heat exchange fin 9 has a main direction ripple F1 which forms a positive acute angle ⁇ , typically between 1 ° and 30 °, and preferably between 2 ° and 10 °, with the longitudinal direction F2 passage, which is that of the closing side bars 6.
  • the arrangement of the fin 9 is such that the general direction of least resistance to flow in the passage remains substantially the direction F2.
  • the fin 9 is made from a material made of folded sheet whose longitudinal direction is perpendicular to F1. This material is, after folding, cut to length along two lines 13 parallel to the direction F2, which leads to several wave mat 14, the number of three in Figure 2, in the form of a parallelogram (for the or intermediate mats) or rectangular trapezoid or right triangle (for both end mats).
  • Figures 3 to 8 show three modes of different construction of the fin 9.
  • the fin has a corrugation with a rectangular section, with wave bases 15 and wave vertices 16 connected by wave legs 17.
  • Each leg 17 is provided at intervals regular, hearing 18 pushed back on the side of the leg which receives the fluid flow (the left side in Figures 3 and 4) and which are open upstream of this flow. So, as shown by arrows in Figure 4, a vein fluid guided in the direction F1 between two legs 17 is partially deviated transversely to this direction by hearing 18.
  • the direction of least resistance to flow of the fin 9 is substantially the direction F2, when one chooses appropriately the shape and dimensions of the gills 18.
  • the inclination F1 and the vents 18 give the flow a two-dimensional and turbulent configuration which favors the efficiency of heat exchange.
  • the fin 9 is of the "serrated" type. It thus comprises, at a regular interval along the direction F1 called “tightening length" l , a lateral offset d , alternately on one side and the other, which is generally equal to half the distance between two legs 17, called “no tightening” p .
  • the fin thus comprises parallel offset planes P which, in top view (FIG. 4), are parallel offset lines 19.
  • Each elementary leg 17 has its leading edge folded at right angles over its entire height, which defines a deflection plate 20. All the plates 20 are oriented on the same side, namely on the side of the legs 17 which receives the fluid flow.
  • the platelets 20 have the effect of reducing the fluid passage section on the side where they are provided and to increase this passage section on the opposite side.
  • each vein of fluid guided between two legs 17 sees its flow favored in a direction close to F2, even oblique in the opposite direction to F1 with respect to F2.
  • the fin 9 Given the turbulence generated in the fluid, the fin 9 generally has, as previously, a direction of less resistance to the flow close to F2, with an appropriate choice of fin parameters and the size of the pads 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP01401708A 2000-07-11 2001-06-27 Wärmeaustauschrippe für Wärmetauscher mit hartgelöteten Platten und Wärmetauscher zu deren Verwendung Withdrawn EP1172625A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0009033A FR2811747B1 (fr) 2000-07-11 2000-07-11 Ailette d'echange thermique pour echangeur de chaleur a plaques brasees, et echangeur de chaleur correspondant
FR0009033 2000-07-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1172625A2 true EP1172625A2 (de) 2002-01-16
EP1172625A3 EP1172625A3 (de) 2003-11-19

Family

ID=8852341

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01401708A Withdrawn EP1172625A3 (de) 2000-07-11 2001-06-27 Wärmeaustauschrippe für Wärmetauscher mit hartgelöteten Platten und Wärmetauscher zu deren Verwendung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20020011331A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1172625A3 (de)
JP (1) JP2002062085A (de)
CN (1) CN1333451A (de)
CA (1) CA2352632A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2811747B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2844040A1 (fr) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-05 Air Liquide Echangeur de chaleur a plaques brasees et installation correspondante
DE10247264A1 (de) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-29 Behr Gmbh & Co. Plattenwärmeübertrager in Stapelbauweise
EP2045556A2 (de) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-08 KTM-Kühler GmbH Plattenwärmetauscher
CN103673719A (zh) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-26 杭州三花研究院有限公司 换热器的翅片及换热器
FR3075335A1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Echangeur de chaleur avec elements intercalaires superposes

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FR2834783B1 (fr) * 2002-01-17 2004-06-11 Air Liquide Ailette d'echange thermique, son procede de fabrication et echangeur de chaleur correspondant
AU2002368423B2 (en) * 2002-12-02 2007-08-23 Lg Electronics Inc. Heat exchanger of ventilating system
EP1471322B1 (de) * 2003-02-25 2016-06-29 Linde AG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmetauschers
CN100488661C (zh) * 2003-02-25 2009-05-20 林德股份公司 板式热交换器
US7051798B2 (en) 2003-02-25 2006-05-30 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchanger
EP1452817A1 (de) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Wärmetauscher
DE10316711A1 (de) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-02 Linde Ag Wärmetauscher
SE526831C2 (sv) * 2004-03-12 2005-11-08 Alfa Laval Corp Ab Värmeväxlarplatta och plattpaket
WO2006042015A1 (en) * 2004-10-07 2006-04-20 Brooks Automation, Inc. Efficient heat exchanger for refrigeration process
CA2487459A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-09 Venmar Ventilation Inc. Heat exchanger core with expanded metal spacer component
US7779899B2 (en) * 2006-06-19 2010-08-24 Praxair Technology, Inc. Plate-fin heat exchanger having application to air separation
CN100516758C (zh) * 2007-06-12 2009-07-22 缪志先 一种无封条板翅式换热器
US20120006523A1 (en) * 2009-05-19 2012-01-12 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchanger and method of manufacturing the same
FR2956900B1 (fr) * 2010-03-01 2012-06-01 Air Liquide Appareil et procede de separation d'un melange contenant du dioxyde de carbone par distillation
FR2997482B1 (fr) * 2012-10-25 2018-07-27 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Module thermo electrique et echangeur de chaleur comprenant un tel module.
CA2839884C (en) 2013-02-19 2020-10-27 Scambia Holdings Cyprus Limited Plate heat exchanger including separating elements
JP6046558B2 (ja) * 2013-05-23 2016-12-14 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 熱交換器
CN103245247A (zh) * 2013-05-24 2013-08-14 南京北大工道软件技术有限公司 一种后掠型波纹翅片
US10281219B2 (en) 2014-10-01 2019-05-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Compressor Corporation Plate laminated type heat exchanger
JP6414482B2 (ja) * 2015-02-17 2018-10-31 株式会社デンソー オフセットフィン製造方法およびオフセットフィン製造装置
KR101706263B1 (ko) * 2015-04-16 2017-02-15 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 웨이비 핀, 이를 구비하는 열교환기, 이를 제조하기 위한 장치, 이를 제조하기 위한 방법 및 이 방법이 기록된 컴퓨터 판독 가능한 기록매체
CN107782182A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-09 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 一种用于三种流体换热的换热器芯部
JP2018044680A (ja) * 2016-09-12 2018-03-22 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器
CN107014230A (zh) * 2017-03-30 2017-08-04 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 一种内部折流式多流程板翅式散热器
DE112019001127T5 (de) * 2018-03-07 2020-12-24 Dana Canada Corporation Wärmetauscher mit integriertem elektrischem heizelement
DE212019000273U1 (de) * 2018-05-01 2020-12-09 Dana Canada Corporation Wärmetauscher mit Mehrzonen-Wärmeübertragungsfläche
WO2020100687A1 (ja) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-22 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器
JP7480487B2 (ja) * 2018-11-13 2024-05-10 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器
JP7528078B2 (ja) * 2018-11-26 2024-08-05 ピーティーティー グローバル ケミカル パブリック カンパニー リミテッド マイクロチャネル熱交換器
EP3792579A1 (de) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-17 Alfa Laval Corporate AB Plattenwärmetauscher zur behandlung einer flüssigkeitszufuhr
CN114963816A (zh) * 2022-06-08 2022-08-30 上海蓝滨石化设备有限责任公司 一种微细波纹板式热交换器

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EP0129272A1 (de) * 1983-05-27 1984-12-27 FDO Technische Adviseurs B.V. Vorrichtung zur Ausführung eines Stoffauswechselverfahrens
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EP0338704A1 (de) * 1988-04-13 1989-10-25 Mitsubishi Aluminum Kabushiki Kaisha Wärmeaustauscherkern
DE29622191U1 (de) * 1996-02-15 1997-02-13 KTM-Kühler GmbH, Mattighofen Plattenwärmetauscher, insbesondere Ölkühler
JPH10259991A (ja) * 1997-01-17 1998-09-29 Kobe Steel Ltd 空気分離装置用熱交換器および空気分離装置

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EP0129272A1 (de) * 1983-05-27 1984-12-27 FDO Technische Adviseurs B.V. Vorrichtung zur Ausführung eines Stoffauswechselverfahrens
JPS60253792A (ja) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-14 Hitachi Ltd 熱交換器用フイン及びその製造方法
US4699209A (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-13 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Heat exchanger design for cryogenic reboiler or condenser service
EP0338704A1 (de) * 1988-04-13 1989-10-25 Mitsubishi Aluminum Kabushiki Kaisha Wärmeaustauscherkern
DE29622191U1 (de) * 1996-02-15 1997-02-13 KTM-Kühler GmbH, Mattighofen Plattenwärmetauscher, insbesondere Ölkühler
JPH10259991A (ja) * 1997-01-17 1998-09-29 Kobe Steel Ltd 空気分離装置用熱交換器および空気分離装置

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2844040A1 (fr) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-05 Air Liquide Echangeur de chaleur a plaques brasees et installation correspondante
DE10247264A1 (de) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-29 Behr Gmbh & Co. Plattenwärmeübertrager in Stapelbauweise
EP2045556A2 (de) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-08 KTM-Kühler GmbH Plattenwärmetauscher
EP2045556A3 (de) * 2007-10-04 2010-03-17 KTM-Kühler GmbH Plattenwärmetauscher
US8418752B2 (en) 2007-10-04 2013-04-16 Mahle International Gmbh Plate heat exchanger having a turbulence generator
CN103673719A (zh) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-26 杭州三花研究院有限公司 换热器的翅片及换热器
FR3075335A1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Echangeur de chaleur avec elements intercalaires superposes
WO2019122676A1 (fr) 2017-12-19 2019-06-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Echangeur de chaleur avec éléments intercalaires superposés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2352632A1 (en) 2002-01-11
EP1172625A3 (de) 2003-11-19
US20020011331A1 (en) 2002-01-31
FR2811747B1 (fr) 2002-10-11
JP2002062085A (ja) 2002-02-28
CN1333451A (zh) 2002-01-30
FR2811747A1 (fr) 2002-01-18

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