EP1169889B1 - Kopf für plasmabrenner und damit ausrüstbarer plasmabrenner - Google Patents

Kopf für plasmabrenner und damit ausrüstbarer plasmabrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1169889B1
EP1169889B1 EP00918936A EP00918936A EP1169889B1 EP 1169889 B1 EP1169889 B1 EP 1169889B1 EP 00918936 A EP00918936 A EP 00918936A EP 00918936 A EP00918936 A EP 00918936A EP 1169889 B1 EP1169889 B1 EP 1169889B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anode
cartridge
annular
assembler
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00918936A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1169889A1 (de
Inventor
Christophe Girold
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3478—Geometrical details

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of plasma torches.
  • Arc plasmas are part of the family of thermal plasmas. These are partially ionized gaseous media, electrically conductive but generally electrically neutral, at pressures of the order of atmospheric pressure. They are generated by means of a plasma torch, by passing one or more plasmagenous gas (s) through an electric arc that is maintained between two electrodes.
  • blown arc torches are used. That is, the arc is confined inside the torch that contains the two electrodes and it is the high-speed gas jet at high temperature (plasma) that is used in the process.
  • plasma gas jet at high temperature
  • the document EP 0 002 623 illustrates in detail an example of plasma blast arc torch according to the state of the art.
  • the figure 1 illustrates very schematically the principle of such a torch.
  • Such a torch comprises two electrodes, an anode 1 and a cathode 3, concentric with each other and forming between them a channel 7 of gas circulation.
  • the two electrodes 1,3 are connected to a high voltage, high frequency generator (HT-HF) and to a DC generator. They must imperatively to be energetically cooled (by circulation of water) to avoid their fusion.
  • HT-HF high voltage, high frequency generator
  • an electric arc 8 gushes between the two electrodes (cathode and anode) ionizing the introduced gas and making the interelectrode space conductive.
  • the DC generator can then flow into this space and maintain the arc.
  • the power supplied to the torch is equal to the product of the intensity delivered (which can be regulated) by the voltage that is established between the anode and the cathode. This voltage depends on several parameters such as the nature and the flow rate of gas used, but also the wear of the electrodes for a not insignificant part.
  • the power of the plasma 9 is equal to the power supplied to the torch minus the losses in the cooling water. The wear of the electrodes is therefore highly penalizing. It depends on their geometry, the efficiency of their cooling, their coaxiality, the nature and the purity of the gases.
  • Equipment for generating an arc plasma 8 is used for thermal spraying (surface treatment), gas heating or chemical synthesis.
  • the energy supplied to the gas (s) by the electric arc makes it possible to heat them at temperatures above 10,000 K.
  • the choice of plasma gas or gases is almost unlimited. It is a function of the requirements of the process (oxidation, nitriding, high temperature in reducing medium, .).
  • the power range is very wide, ranging from a few kilowatts to several megawatts. Very often, the choice of nature and flow Plasma gases dictate the range of possible operation.
  • a torch is therefore often designed for a given application because its technology must be compatible with the choice of plasma gas and the desired power of work.
  • the replacement of one or both electrodes is an operation that must take place regularly (in most cases after a few dozen hours of operation). This operation always requires the dismantling / reassembly of subassemblies and the change of the seals.
  • a first known torch operates with a mixture of air / argon or oxygen / argon, its power is about 100 kW. It consists of 15 machined parts, 21 seals, 22 screws and 6 fluid connections. The regular wear parts are the cathode and the anode, an insulating ring and an injection nozzle. A minimum of maintenance (change of the anode) is required within 100 hours of operation under the best conditions of use.
  • a second known torch has been developed for hydropyrolysis of heavy hydrocarbons.
  • the plasma gases are argon and hydrogen which are mixed with methane at the torch outlet.
  • This torch is similar to a thermal projection torch. There are, except for fluid supply fittings and hardware, 10 machined parts and 7 O-rings.
  • the Japanese patent application JP 04-249,096 describes a plasma torch in which, in order to reduce the probability of creating an arc between the anode and the cathode, the plasmagenic gases follow a path that allows them to swirl.
  • a centralizer 10a which is a part placed between the anode and the cathode has an opening 106 which goes from the top face of the centraliser to a side face.
  • Another conduit 102 located between the anode and the centering piece 10 guides the gases from the conduit 106 down the anode.
  • Conduits 107 join the outside of the centralizer 10 to a central cavity 105 thereof. This feature makes it possible to create a jet swirling plasma gas. This gives a more regular wear of the cathode.
  • the document EP-0 002 623 A discloses a torch in which the cathode 13 is mounted on a support 23, rotatable by a nut 26 in an axial direction. It is thus possible to finely adjust the value of the hell between the cathode 13 and the anode 14.
  • the invention described in this document essentially relates to means for electrically arc flashing between anode and cathode a regular rotation so as to avoid rapid wear of the electrode by hanging up too long arc at given points .
  • figure 1 or 11 it is a magnet 19 ( Fig. 1-11 ) generating a magnetic field B ( figure 4 parallel to the axial direction of the torch.
  • the means is constituted by a helical flap 40 placed on the passage of the gases between the chamber 15 and the nozzle 38.
  • Cooling is provided by water circulating in conduits 20-21 ( figures 1 , 8 , 11 ).
  • the torch aims to simplify as much as possible the mounting of the torch itself and, on the other hand, the periodic replacement of the wear parts. It has been developed especially for a gas heating application in a post-combustion reactor of pyrolysis gas of chlorinated radioactive waste, strongly contaminated with ⁇ emitters. This reactor is intended to operate in a glove box.
  • the plasma torch according to the invention is designed in two parts, a disposable interchangeable cartridge constituting a plasma generator for insertion into a connection structure and maintenance of the cartridge.
  • This connection structure and maintenance of the cartridge is intended to connect the cartridge to its plasma gas supplies, cooling fluid and electrical currents.
  • This structure comprises for this purpose first connection means of the cartridge.
  • These first means serve as intermediates for power supplies in electrical currents, water and gas. These power supplies are completely disassociated from the plasma cartridge.
  • the structure comprises second means cooperating or not with means for fixing the cartridge to hold the cartridge mechanically connected to the first power supply means in water and gas electrical currents.
  • the invention relates to a plasma-generating cartridge for a plasma torch having the features set forth in claim 1 and to a plasma torch having the features of claim 19.
  • the projecting parts comprise a first and / or a second annular ring, this first and / or second annular ring, coming into a first and / or a second annular groove. Due to this shape provides a rotationally symmetrical mounting is simplified since it suffices to coaxially position the parts to be assembled with the assembly, the anode and / or cathode support to realize the fitting without that it is necessary to index them angularly.
  • an annular cooling volume provided between the assembler and the anode receives a cooling fluid through a conduit leading the fluid from an outer surface of the cartridge but preferably from the anode at this annular volume.
  • the sealing of the annular volume is obtained by the fact that the outer diameter of the projecting ring has a value slightly greater than that of the groove in which it is fitted.
  • the assembler is a piece of electrically insulating material comprising a lower crown and a coaxial upper ring.
  • the lower crown is fitted into a groove of the support, the upper crown is fitted into a groove of the anode.
  • This throat of the anode is peripheral to a crown of the anode.
  • This crown of the anode houses the central cavity of the anode.
  • the inner radial dimensions of the assembler are greater on at least one portion axially central to that of the crown of the anode housing the central cavity.
  • An annular volume for the circulation of an anode cooling fluid is thus formed between this ring of the anode and the assembler. This volume is in communication with conduits for supplying and discharging the cooling fluid, via ducts pierced in the anode, the assembler, or the support.
  • the assembled cartridge according to the invention comprises an annular gas distribution volume receiving plasma gas ducts and distributing the gas received, around the cathode, through holes opening either to lights or a throat terminal gas distribution.
  • the gas tightness is obtained by the fact that the inter-electrode space comprises a piece of revolution made of insulating material fitted tightly around the cathode, on the one hand and inside the cavity of the anode 'somewhere else.
  • the annular distribution volume is constituted by a radial groove which can be located either on the anode or on the insulating piece of revolution or on both the anode and the insulating piece of revolution.
  • the cartridge according to the invention requires for the gas supply no seal or conduit, other than those made by drilling or machining or molding, in the parts necessary for the operation of the torch.
  • the cartridge 100 and the parts that compose it have shapes having a symmetry of revolution about an axis AA 'constituting the axis of the cartridge.
  • the parts 1 to 6 When assembled, the parts 1 to 6 provide for each other in a known manner and represented figure 1 , a gas circulation channel 7, an inter-electrode space where an arc 8 can be created.
  • the plasma 9 (not shown in FIG. figure 2 ) is ejected by a nozzle 13 of the anode 1.
  • the cathode support 2 described below, in connection with the Figures 3 and 4 is a cylindrical piece having a symmetry of revolution about the axis AA '. It comprises a base or lower surface 21 of circular shape located in a plane perpendicular to the axis AA '.
  • the side opposite the base 21 comprises, from the center towards the periphery, a central bore 23, with a lateral surface 34 and a bottom 35, a circular groove 24 of revolution around AA ', having two lateral edges 25, 26, a inner edge 25 and an outer edge 26, and a bottom 27.
  • One or more through hole (s) 28 seal (join) the bottom 27 of the groove 24 to the base 21.
  • the support 2 comprises a ring 29, having an upper surface 30 lying in a plane parallel to the base 21.
  • the lateral edges of this ring consist of the inner lateral edge 25 of the groove 24 and the lateral face 34 of the bore 23.
  • the support comprises one or more through-passages 75, joining through the annular ring 29 adjacent to the central bore 23, the lower surface 21 to the upper surface 30 of this ring 29.
  • Such a conduit 75 is shown in dotted lines figure 3 .
  • the support 2 comprises a peripheral ring 22 having an outer lateral face 36 of diameter equal to that of the base 21 and an upper face 37.
  • the lateral edges of the ring 22 are constituted by the outer lateral face 36 of the support 2 and by the outer lateral face 26 of the groove 24.
  • the diameter of the bore 23 is sufficient to receive in tightening fitting the cathode 3 which will be described later.
  • the adjustment is sufficiently tight to ensure a good electrical contact between the cathode support 2 and the cathode 3.
  • the contact surface between the cathode and the anode must be as large as possible to ensure the passage of a current of several hundreds of amperes virtually without losses.
  • the width of the groove 24, i.e., the difference between the radii of the outer and inner edges 26, is greater than the width (i.e., the difference between the outer radius and the inner radius of the crown) of a first ring 51 of the assembler 5.
  • the diameter of the outer wall 26 of the groove 24 is smaller than the external diameter of this ring 51 of the assembler 5 so that this ring 51 of the assembler 5 can be pressed tightly in the groove 24.
  • the assembler 5, the crown 51 of assembly is shown figure 3 are described later.
  • the cathode 3 has a cylindrical shape with a flat circular base 31 and a conical head 32. It is included in a cathode centering device 4, represented by FIG. Figures 5 and 6 in position around the cathode 3.
  • the centraliser 4 also has a circular shape of revolution around AA '. It comprises a basic cylindrical portion 41, extended by a cylindrical portion 42 of smaller outer diameter.
  • the inside diameter of the centralizer 4 is constant over the entire height of the centraliser except, in a first embodiment, the diameter of an upper end portion 43 located on the opposite side to the base 41, whose diameter is slightly greater. the inner diameter of the base 41 and the cylindrical extension 42.
  • the centralizer 4 has through holes. In the preferred embodiment these holes join the outer face 50 to the upper surface 49 of the centralizer 4, on which they open at the level of lights 95 represented. figure 7 .
  • the axes of the holes are inclined on the axis AA ', but not included in a plane containing the axis AA', so as to cause a tangential injection of the gases, inducing a vortex called vortex which will force the arch foot to turn in the anode so as not to remain hung in a preferential point.
  • these through holes 44 are drilled in the portion 43 of the centralizer 4, at an axial height preferably located at the junction with the portion 42. It will be seen later that these holes 44 are intended to provide a passage of plasma gas to the inter-electrode space.
  • gas passages leading from the lower surface of the centralizer 4 to the plasma gas distribution means are as will be seen more either an axial groove 45 or the slots 95.
  • These passages may be constituted either by axial ducts 74 or by external 64 or internal axial grooves 68, or by combinations of ducts 74, internal grooves 68 or outer grooves 64.
  • the lower surface 46 of the base 41 is delimited by two concentric circles, the diameter the inner circle being equal to the inner diameter of the centralizer 4, the outer diameter of this lower surface 46 being equal to the outer diameter of the basic part 41.
  • the lower surface 46 of the centralizer 4 may include a groove in which the passages 64, 68 or 74 open. In the assembled position, this groove is in communication with the conduits 75 of the support 2.
  • the upper surface 47 of the basic portion 41 of the centralizer 4 is delimited by two circles concentric, the diameter of the outer circle is equal to the outside diameter of the basic portion 41 and the diameter of the inner circle is equal to the outside diameter of the extension 42 of the centralizer 4.
  • the groove bottom 45 is delimited by an outer circle whose diameter is equal to the internal diameter of the end portion 43 and whose inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the cathode 3.
  • the axial inner surface of the centralizer 4 is formed by two cylindrical surfaces, a lower surface 39 corresponding to the portions 41 and 42 whose diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cathode 3, and in the variant with groove 45, by a surface upper 40, corresponding to the portion 43 whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the cathode 3.
  • the outer lateral surfaces of the centralizer 4 are 2 in number, a lower side surface 38 corresponding to the base 41 and a corresponding upper lateral surface 50 in Parts 42, 43.
  • the inside diameter of the centering device 4 is, as indicated above, slightly smaller than the outside diameter of the cathode 3, so that this cathode 3 can be clamped into the centralizer 4.
  • the diameter of the lower side surface 38 is equal to the diameters of the surface 25 of the support 2 and a lateral surface 125 of a portion of the anode 1, which will be discussed more far. These three surfaces 25, 38 and 125 are thus in the same alignment once the assembly is made.
  • the inner diameter of the end portion 43 is greater than the diameter of the cathode 3, so that the cathode 3 and the end portion 43 together form the groove 45. It will be seen later, that this groove 45 receives through the through holes 44, a plasma gas.
  • the centralizer 4 serves to center and electrically isolate the cathode 3 relative to the anode 1. This function is provided by the outer lateral surface 50 of the upper part 42, which will be seen later in the Description of the cartridge assembly 100, comes in support in tight assembly on a bore of the anode.
  • the variants which will be described hereinafter relate to another function of the centraliser which is a distribution function of the plasmagene gas well distributed in the annular volume between the anode 1 and the cathode 3.
  • the plasmagenic gas is fed to the holes 44 by one or more ducts (127) of the anode 1 opening towards the holes (44) or preferentially in a radial groove (135) of the anode (1) situated opposite the holes (44).
  • the introduction of the plasma gas can be carried out differently.
  • the inside diameter of the centralizer 4 is constant, from the lower surface 46 to the surface 49.
  • the distribution of the plasma gas from ducts 127 of the anode 1 is provided by a radial annular groove 148 of the centralizer 4 shown in dashed lines figure 5 .
  • a groove is said to be radial when it is hollowed out from a surface parallel to the axis AA '.
  • the groove is called axial if it is hollowed from a surface perpendicular to the axis.
  • the centralizer 4 has several holes 144 that are not necessarily through. These holes are pierced from the groove 148. They each open on an axial slot 95 ', joining in this variant the upper surface 49 of the centralizer 4 to the holes 144.
  • the grooves 148 and 45 are present, the lights 95 are not necessary.
  • the holes 144 are through and join the grooves 148 and 45.
  • the holes 144 are pierced directly from the lateral surface 50 of the upper part 42 of the centralizer 4. It will be seen further that the holes 144 open out at a radial annular groove 135 of the anode. 1 receiving one or more plasma gas ducts. At the other end, the holes 144 open on either the slots 95 as in the first variant or on the axial groove 45.
  • the grooves 135 of the anode and 148 of the centralizer 4 can be present simultaneously.
  • the junction with the gas distribution means 45, 95 is effected by axial ducts 74 or by external 64 or internal 68 axial grooves. is obtained by the fact that the centering device is fitted sufficiently tight in the annular cavity 10 of the anode 1, or that the cathode 3 is fitted sufficiently tight in the centering device.
  • the anode 1 is also a piece of revolution around the axis AA '. It comprises a central cavity 10 of axis AA '. This cavity is through and extends axially from an upper face 11 of the anode to a portion 134 of a lower face 12 of the anode 1.
  • the lower face 12 of the anode 1 is located opposite of the upper face 11 and consists of several parts located axially at different levels. From the upper face 11 to the portion 134 of the lower face 12, the cavity 10 has an upper cylindrical portion 13 whose diameter is represented on the Figures 8 and 9 substantially equal to the diameter of the cathode 3. This provision is not mandatory.
  • the diameter and the length of the portion 13 must, in known manner, be adapted to the nature and flow rate of the plasma gas used, to the working power, and to the desired gas velocities at the nozzle outlet.
  • a frustoconical portion 14 the diameter of the upper portion of the portion 14 is equal to the diameter of the portion 13.
  • the diameter of the lower portion of the frustoconical portion 14 is greater than that of the portion 13.
  • there is a cylindrical lower portion extending axially from the lower base 16 of the frustoconical portion 14 to the portion 134 of the lower face 12 of the anode 1.
  • the diameter of this portion 15 of the cavity 10 is greater than the largest diameter of the the frustoconical portion 14.
  • the frustoconical portions 14 and cylindrical 15 are connected by a flat 17.
  • the ceramic insert 6 is housed in the cavity 10 at the top of the part 15. This simple piece will now be described before continuing the description of the anode 1.
  • the insert 6 is a torus-shaped ring generated by a rectangle rotating about the axis AA '.
  • the width of the rectangle is equal to the width of the flat part 17. This width of the flat part 17 itself results from the difference between the radius of the lower part 15 and the radius of the lower base 16 of the frustoconical part 14.
  • This insert 6 is inserted in tight fitting so that its upper surface 61 bears on the flat part 17 of the anode 1.
  • the outer lateral surface 62 of the insert bears on the lateral surface 18 of the part 15 of the cavity 10 of the anode 1.
  • the outside of the anode 1 comprises the upper face 11 delimited by two circles.
  • the diameter of the outer circle is preferably equal to the outer diameter of the support 2
  • the diameter of the inner circle of the upper surface 11 is equal to the diameter of the upper portion 13 of the cavity 10.
  • the outside of the anode 1 also comprises a cylindrical outer face 19.
  • the lower face 12 comprises several parts located axially at different levels. From outside to the axis AA ', there is successively a first ring 121.
  • the outer diameter of this ring 121 is equal to the diameter of the peripheral cylinder 19.
  • the inner diameter of this ring 121 is preferably equal to the outer diameter of the outer wall 26 of the groove 24 of the support 2.
  • the lower surface 133 of this crown is a flat surface perpendicular to the axis AA '.
  • the lower surface 133 is a part of the lower surface 12 of the anode 1.
  • This groove has a groove bottom surface 124, perpendicular to the axis AA '.
  • This surface 124 is a part of the lower surface 12 of the anode 1.
  • This groove 122 has an outer cylindrical wall 126 whose diameter is equal to the inside diameter of the first ring 121. This diameter is preferably equal to the diameter of the outer wall 26 of the groove 24 of the support 2.
  • the inner diameter of the axial groove 122 is preferably equal to the diameter of the inner cylindrical wall 25 of the groove 24 of the support 2.
  • This ring 123 has a lower surface 134, perpendicular to the axis AA '. This lower surface 134 is a part of the lower surface 12 of the anode 1.
  • the ring 123 has an outer cylindrical wall 125, part of which constitutes the inner cylindrical wall of the groove 122.
  • the cylindrical wall 125 has a diameter preferably equal to the inside diameter of the wall 25 of the groove 24 of the support 2.
  • One or more first ducts 127 each having two ends 128, 129 pierced in the anode 1 allows (tent) a fluid passage of one of the outer walls 11, 19 of the anode 1, towards the inner wall 18 of the cavity 10.
  • the duct 127 leads from its first end 128, at the upper surface 11 to its second end 129 located at the wall 18 of the lower part 15 of the cavity 10. It opens into this cavity 10 at an axial level located under the insert 6.
  • This or these first conduits 127 are provided for the distribution of plasma gas.
  • this or these conduits may alternatively lead into an annular radial groove 135 excavated from the lateral surface 18 of the cavity 10 of the anode 1, instead of directly leading to this surface 18.
  • the conduit (s) 127 are parallel to the axis AA ', they are located in the ring 123 concealing the central cavity 10, and they open into the groove 135.
  • first conduits 127 may be located on an outer wall of the cartridge 100 without this wall being a wall of the anode 1.
  • This could be for example a conduit (not shown) parallel to the axis AA 'rising from the base of the support 2 through the support and the centralizer 4.
  • part of or ducts 127 could be constituted by axial grooves of the centralizer 4 parallel to the axis AA '.
  • One or more second ducts 130 each having two ends 131, 132 leads from one of the outer walls 11, 19 of the anode 1 to the groove 122.
  • the duct 130 has its first end 131 at the peripheral cylinder 19 and its second end 132 opens into the groove 122 at the bottom 124 of this groove.
  • outer end 131 of the second ducts or at least a portion of them may be located on an outer wall of the cartridge 100 without this wall being a wall of the anode 1 This could be for example an outer wall of the assembler 5 or the support 2.
  • the assembler 5 is shown in axial section figure 10 .
  • the assembler 5 comprises a lower cylindrical crown 51.
  • the diameter of the outer cylindrical surface 52 of this ring 51 is slightly greater than the diameter of the wall 26 of the groove 24 of the support 2, so that the ring 51 can be fitted with assembly tight in this groove 24.
  • the diameter of the inner wall 53 of the ring 51 is greater, at least for the portion which, in the assembled position, is fitted in this groove 24, to the diameter of the inner wall 25 of the groove 24 of the support 2. In this way an axial annular volume 77 is formed between these two walls 25, 53.
  • the ring 51 has a lower surface 59 perpendicular to the axis AA '. In the assembled position this surface 59 is not in contact with the surface 27 of the bottom of the groove 24. In this way an annular volume 73 is formed between these two surfaces.
  • This ring 51 is extended by a central portion 54 also in the form of a ring.
  • the diameter of the inner wall 55 of this ring 54 is greater than the diameter of the cylindrical wall 125 of the anode 1.
  • an axial annular volume 72 is formed between these two walls 55, 125.
  • the wall 125 extends axially from the bottom 124 of the groove 122 of the anode 1 to the lower surface 134 of the second ring 123 of the anode 1.
  • This lower surface 134 constitutes the lower surface of the anode 1.
  • the upper part of the assembler 5 represented in assembled position, figure 8 is also in the form of a ring 56.
  • the diameter of the outer wall 57 of this ring is greater than the outer diameter of the outer wall 126 of the groove 122, the anode 1.
  • the difference in size between the diameter of the outer wall 57 of the ring 56 and the diameter of the wall 126 is such that this ring 56 can be fitted tightly in the groove 122.
  • the diameter of the inner wall 58 of the ring 56 is greater than the diameter of the wall 125 of the anode 1. In this way an axial annular volume 76 is provided between these two walls 58, 125. It is recalled that this wall 125 of the anode 1 extends axially from the bottom 124 of the groove 122 to the portion 134 of the lower surface 12 of the anode 1, which is at the lowest level of the anode.
  • the crown 56 has a upper surface 60. In the assembled position this surface 60 is not in contact with the surface 124 of the bottom of the groove 122. In this way an annular volume 71 is formed between these two surfaces.
  • the central portion of the assembler 5 has an upper surface 65, a lower surface 66 both perpendicular to the axis AA ', and an outer lateral surface 67.
  • the upper surface 65 of the central portion 54 of the assembler 5 is delimited by a circle whose diameter is the outer diameter of the ring 56 and a circle whose diameter is the diameter of the outer lateral surface 67 of the central portion 54.
  • the lower surface 66 of the central portion 54 of the assembler 5 is delimited by a circle whose diameter is the outer diameter of the lower ring 51 and a circle having the diameter of the outer lateral surface 67 as a diameter.
  • the delimiting circles of the upper 65 and lower 66 surfaces are concentric.
  • the inner diameter of the central axial cavity 69 is constant so that the axial inner surfaces 58, 55, 53 of this cavity form a single surface. This feature simplifies manufacturing but is not mandatory.
  • the assembler 5 is a piece of revolution having a central axial through cavity 69. It comprises a central part 54 from which upwards and downwards cylindrical parts 56, 51 respectively of outside diameter smaller than the outside diameter of the central portion 54. It will be seen later that in a first embodiment of the holding structure, the shoulder forming the central portion 54 is used to accommodate through holes and tapped holes. In this embodiment, these holes form part of the means for fixing the cartridge 100 to the holding and connecting structure. The other part of these means is constituted by tapped holes or not of the holding structure and connection and screws or bolts or nuts. In this embodiment the central portion 54 provides another function. One of the upper 65 or lower 66 surfaces serves as an assembly stop.
  • the lower surface 133 of the ring 121 of the anode 1 abuts on the upper surface 65 of the central portion 54.
  • a functional clearance is provided between the upper surface 37 of the ring 22 of the support 2 of the cathode 3 and the lower surface 66 of the central portion 54. Thanks to this stop 65 and to a suitable dimensioning of the grooves 122 and 24 and the axial lengths of the rings 56, 51 it is safe to spare the annular spaces 71 and 73.
  • the same Stop function could be achieved by giving the throat bottoms 122 or 24 a rounded or conical shape, the width at the bottom of the throat decreasing with the depth of penetration.
  • the functional clearance also makes it possible to ensure contact between the surfaces 30 of the support 2 and 46 of the centralizer 4, as well as between the surfaces 134 of the anode 1 and 47 of the centralizer 4.
  • the assembler 5 can be constituted by a right cylinder having an axial central cavity, the inner diameters and exterior of the assembler being constant from the lower surface 59 to the upper surface 60.
  • the insert 6 is placed in position as described above in the anode 1.
  • the cathode 3 is inserted into the bore 23 of the support 2, the lower face 31 of the cathode coming into contact with the bottom 35 of the bore 23 , the lateral face of the cathode being in contact thanks to a tight assembly of the lateral surface 34 of the bore 23. In this way, an electrical contact between the cathode 3 and the support 2 is ensured on all the surfaces facing the support 2 and the cathode 3.
  • the centralizer 4 is placed around the cathode 3 as described above. The lower face 46 of the centralizer 4 is in contact with the upper face 30 of the ring 29.
  • the assembler 5 is then placed in the press position, the groove 122 of the anode 1 receiving the crown 56 of the assembler 5
  • the upper part of the crown 56 and / or the edges of the groove 122 may be bevelled or chamfered to facilitate insertion.
  • the lower surface 133 of the ring 121 of the anode 1 is in abutment against the upper surface 65 of the central portion 54 of the assembler 5.
  • the upper surface 60 of the assembler 5 is not at the bottom of the groove 122 so that an annular volume 71 is, as already indicated above, provided between the lower surface 124 of the groove 122 of the anode 1 and the upper surface 60 of the ring 56
  • the anode 1 and its insert 6 thus assembled with the assembler 5 is then assembled with the support assembly 2, cathode 3 and centralizer 4, the ring 51 being pressed into the groove 24 of the support 2.
  • the bottom of the ring 51 and the top of the groove 24 can bevelled or chamfered.
  • this annular volume is formed of the annular volumes 76, 72 and 77 and possible annular connection volumes between these different parts of volume.
  • the water is fed through the opening 131, and through the conduit 130 on the outer surface of the anode 1, the inner end 132 of the conduit 130 opens into the annular volume 71 formed between the surfaces 124 and 60 of the groove 122 and crown 56 respectively.
  • This water can flow along the inner wall 125 of the anode 1 through the annular volume or volumes 72 to the annular volume 73 formed between the bottom of the annular ring 51 and the bottom 27 of the groove 24.
  • This water flows through the duct (s) 28 formed (s) in the bottom of the annular groove 24.
  • the arrival of plasmagenic gas through the opening 128 of the anode 1 is without a seal, the gas opening through the conduits 44 or 144 in the openings 95 disposed around the cathode 3 on the centralizer 4 , or in the groove 45, according to the variant embodiments.
  • the assembled torch according to the invention thus comprises only six parts, the anode 1, the support 2, the cathode 3, the centralizer 4, the assembler 5 and the insert 6.
  • the assembly of this torch can be performed with fewer press operations if we have specialized tools for lateral support of the parts to be assembled.
  • the cathode 3 is sufficiently tight in the bore 23 of the support 2, the support 2 the cathode 3 the centralizer 4, the part 42 of which is clamped in the cavity 10 of the anode 1, and the anode 1 form an assembled assembly. Under these conditions the assembler 5 in cooperation with the grooves 24 of the support 2 and 122 of the anode can be considered as part of the water circuit. It will also be seen later that the assembly of the cartridge 100 can be consolidated by mounting the cartridge 100 in position in the holding structure and connection.
  • the plasma gas circuit is entirely in a central portion of the assembled cartridge 100. It may be a central portion of the anode 1, ring-shaped 123, this crown immediately adjacent the central cavity 10 of the anode. It may also be conduits 75 through the support 2 to be in communication with the passages 64, 68, 74 of the centering device.
  • the water circuit is located on the periphery of this same ring 123 adjacent the central cavity 10 so that there is no crossing of the water and gas circuits.
  • the assembler was presented as a separate part of the bracket. This is due to the fact that the assembler which joins the support made of a conductive material in contact with the cathode is in contact with the anode. It is therefore made of an electrically insulating material to avoid a short circuit between the anode and the cathode. It is obviously possible to make the support in an insulating material having conductive vias for connecting the cathode. In this case we can consider that the assembler is constituted by the parts of insulating material and the support by the parts of conductive material.
  • the anode 1 and the cathode support 2 which in the embodiment are made of electrolytic copper could be made of any material, for example metallic, electrically conductive and allowing the evacuation of very high heat fluxes.
  • the doped tungsten of the cathode 3 could be machined in any metallic material having a low potential for electron extraction.
  • the centering diffuser 4 can be machined in any plastic material for assembly purposes, and having a good resistance to swelling with water, a strong dielectric character and a good mechanical resistance to radiation and temperature.
  • the assembler body 5 can be machined in a plastic material for the assembly needs by simple plastic pressure.
  • the insulating insert 6 can be machined in a ceramic material having good impact resistance thermal, radiation and having a strong dielectric character, for example boron nitride.
  • the assemblies are of the tight press-fit type, which implies a pair of suitable material:
  • the assemblies consist of pairs of plastics-copper alloy or alloy of tungsten - copper alloy.
  • a first connection and holding structure 80 shown figure 11 in axial section has two parts both of revolution about the axis AA '.
  • a lower portion 81 contains a bore 83 whose inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the support 2, so that the support 2 can easily be introduced into this portion 81.
  • the example shown figure 11 corresponds to one of the variants of embodiment of the cartridge 100 in which the cooling fluid is discharged through the duct or ducts 28 of the support 2. This is why in this example the lower portion 81 comprises a discharge of water and a current inlet shown at 84.
  • One or more o-rings (s) allow in a known manner to ensure tightness.
  • An upper portion 82 of the holding and connecting structure contains a bore 85 whose inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the anode 1, so that this anode 1 can easily be introduced into this part 82.
  • This structure 82 comprises an axial central hole 91 with flared edges allowing the passage of the plasma.
  • the example shown figure 11 corresponds to one of the variants of embodiment of the cartridge 100 in which the arrival of the cooling fluid and the plasmagenic gas are through the conduit (s) 130 and 127 of the anode 1 for the arrival of water and gas respectively.
  • the upper portion 82 comprises a water inlet 86 and a gas inlet 87.
  • One or more O-rings (s) allow in known manner to ensure tightness.
  • the water inlet 86 opens out towards the duct 130 of the anode 1.
  • a radial groove 88 receiving the water inlet 86 allows the distribution to the various ducts.
  • an unrepresented axial groove receiving the inlet of gas 87 allows the distribution to the various ducts 127.
  • the main advantage of this structure 80 is to quickly proceed to the exchange of the cartridge 100.
  • For mounting the upper part of the cartridge that is to say that corresponding to the anode 1 is introduced in the upper part 82 of the structure 80.
  • 131 of the anode can be provided on the top portion 82 and the anode on the anode 1
  • the cartridge 100 is screwed on the upper part 82 to the screw means 89 passing through holes in the assembler 5 and screwing into threaded holes in the upper part 82.
  • the lower part 81 is then put in place by introducing the support 2 in the bore 83.
  • Means may also be provided to facilitate correct radial positioning. Screws 90 make it possible to fix the lower part 81 to the assembler. These screws pass through holes of the assembler 5 and are screwed into tapped holes in the lower part 81.
  • FIG. 13 is a front view of the structure 80 assembled with the cartridge 100, with a partial axial section in the upper right corner.
  • the figure 12 is an axial section along a plane perpendicular to the plane of the figure 13 .
  • the lower flanges 81 and upper 82 and the cartridge 100 are held together by means of a stirrup 92.
  • This stirrup 92 has a U shape. Two parallel arms of the U are rotatively fixed by means of perpendicular screws 96. to the axis AA 'to the upper flange 82. Insulating sleeves and washers are provided in a known manner to avoid electrical contact between the stirrup and the flange 82.
  • the lower flange 81 is provided on its underside with a central recess 93.
  • a screw 94 mounted in the horizontal part of the U of the stirrup 92 blocks the rotation of the stirrup 92 around the screws 96 and exerts a pressure at the level of the recess 93. impeding the movement of the flanges 82 and 81 in the axial direction.
  • insulation Electrical flange 81 and the stirrup is obtained by means of an insulating sleeve 95 and insulating washers.
  • the distance between the horizontal arm of the bracket 92 and the lower face of the flange 81 is sufficient to allow the disengagement of the cartridge 100 of the bores 83 and 85 of the flanges 81 and 82 respectively .
  • the locknut 97 is released and the screw 94 unscrewed until the cartridge 100 can be extracted from one of the flanges 81 or 82.
  • the flange 82 is always secured to the stirrup 92 and the flange 81 is held, the screw 94 still inside the cavity 93.
  • the cartridge 100 can be extracted from the other flange by a slight rotation of the stirrup 92 around the axis formed by the screws 96. This rotation frees the passage of the cartridge 100.
  • This method of assembly is interesting from the mechanical point of view because it allows to exert an assembly pressure of the flanges 81, 82 and the cartridge 100 which is automatically axial. There is no risk of asymmetric pressures creating a strain of lateral deformation. It is also interesting because it allows the assembly and disassembly of the cartridge 100 by means of a single screw without the need to maintain the flanges 81, 82, which is particularly interesting when working in a glove box.
  • seals are provided by seals and the fact that the cartridge 100 is fitted into the bores 83, 85.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Kartusche (100) zur Erzeugung von Plasma für einen Plasmabrenner, die zentriert auf einer Achse AA' eine ringförmige Anode (1) aufweist, umfassend einen zentralen Hohlraum (10), der im Inneren einer zentralen Krone (123) der Anode (1) gebildet ist, wobei dieser zentrale Hohlraum (10) eine auf AA' zentrierte Kathode (3) aufnimmt, wobei die Anode (1) und die Kathode (3) zwischen sich einen ringförmigen Raum für die Erzeugung eines Bogens vorsehen, ferner Mittel zur Verteilung eines plasmagenen Gases, wobei das verteilte Gas in den ringförmigen Raum zwischen der Kathode (3) und der Anode (1) strömt, Mittel zur Kühlung der Anode (1), umfassend insbesondere Leitungen (130) für ein Fluid zur Kühlung der Anode (1), wobei diese Leitungen einen Eingang und einen Ausgang haben, ferner Verbindungsmittel mit einem Kathodenträger (2) mit einem leitenden Teil für die Zufuhr der elektrischen Ströme, die für die Funktion des Brenners erforderlich sind, von einem Stromeingang zur Kathode (3), ferner Mittel (2, 23, 4) zur Positionierung der Kathode (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kartusche einen Verbinder (5) umfasst, der axial zwischen der ringförmigen Anode und dem Träger (2) der Kathode (3) eingefügt ist, um die Anode mit dem Träger zu verbinden, wobei der Träger (2) der Kathode (3), der Verbinder (5) und die ringförmige Anode (1) hohle Teile (24, 122) und vorstehende Teile (51, 56) umfassen, die alle parallel zur Achse AA' ausgerichtet sind, wobei die vorstehenden Teile (51, 56) fest in die hohlen Teile (24, 122) eingepasst sind.
  2. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein oder mehr hohle Teile (24, 122) durch ringförmige Rillen (24, 122) gebildet sind, und dass ein oder mehr vorstehende Teile (51, 56) durch ringförmige Kronen (51, 56) gebildet sind, wobei der Außendurchmesser der Kronen (51, 56) größer ist als der Außendurchmesser der Rillen (24, 122), derart, dass eine oder mehrere ringförmige Kronen (51, 56) fest in eine oder mehrere ringförmige Rillen (24, 122) eingepasst sind.
  3. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein vorstehendes Teil (51) des Verbinders (5) durch eine untere ringförmige Krone (51) mit Achse AA' gebildet ist, die einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine untere Oberfläche hat, dass ein hohler Teil (24) des Trägers (2) der Kathode (3) durch eine auf der Achse AA' zentrierte ringförmige Rille (24) gebildet ist, wobei die Rille (24) einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine Oberfläche (27) am Boden der Rille (24) hat, und dass der Außendurchmesser der ringförmigen unteren Krone (51) des Verbinders (5) geringfügig größer ist als der Außendurchmesser der ringförmigen Rille (24) des Trägers (2) der Kathode (3), derart, dass die ringförmige untere Krone (51) des Verbinders (5) fest in die ringförmige Rille (24) des Trägers (2) der Kathode (3) eingepasst ist.
  4. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein vorstehendes Teil (56) des Verbinders (5) durch eine ringförmige obere Krone (56) mit Achse AA' gebildet ist, die einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine obere Oberfläche hat, dass ein hohler Teil (122) der ringförmigen Anode (1) durch eine auf der Achse AA' zentrierte ringförmige Rille (122) gebildet ist, wobei die Rille (122) einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine Oberfläche am Boden der Rille (124) hat, und dass der Außendurchmesser der ringförmigen oberen Krone (56) des Verbinders (5) geringfügig größer ist als der Außendurchmesser der ringförmigen Rille (122) der Anode (1), derart, dass die ringförmige obere Krone (56) des Verbinders (5) fest in die ringförmige Rille (122) der Anode (1) eingepasst ist.
  5. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein erster vorstehender Teil (51) des Verbinders (5) durch eine ringförmige untere Krone (51) mit Achse AA' gebildet ist, die einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine untere Oberfläche (59) hat, dass ein hohler Teil (24) des Trägers (2) der Kathode (3) durch eine auf der Achse AA' zentrierte ringförmige Rille (24) gebildet ist, wobei die Rille (24) einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine Oberfläche (27) am Boden der Rille hat, und dass der Außendurchmesser der ersten ringförmigen Krone (51) des Verbinders (5) geringfügig größer ist als der Außendurchmesser der ringförmigen Rille (24) des Trägers (2) der Kathode (3), derart, dass die ringförmige untere Krone (51) des Verbinders (5) fest in die ringförmige Rille (24) des Trägers (2) der Kathode (3) eingepasst ist, und dass ein zweiter vorstehender Teil (56) des Verbinders (5) durch eine ringförmige obere Krone (56) mit Achse AA' gebildet ist, die einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine obere Oberfläche (60) hat, dass ein hohler Teil (122) der ringförmigen Anode (1) durch eine auf der Achse AA' zentrierte ringförmige Rille (122) gebildet ist, wobei die Rille einen Außendurchmesser, einen Innendurchmesser und eine Oberfläche am Boden der Rille (124) hat, und dass der Außendurchmesser der zweiten ringförmigen Krone (56) des Verbinders (5) geringfügig größer ist als der Außendurchmesser der ringförmigen Rille (122) der Anode (1), derart, dass die ringförmige obere Krone (56) des Verbinders (5) fest in die ringförmige Rille (122) der Anode (1) eingepasst ist.
  6. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbinder (5) einen zentralen hohlen Teil (69) umfasst, der die untere und die obere Krone (51, 56) verbindet, wobei dieser zentrale Teil (69) einen Innendurchmesser hat, dass die Rille (122) der Anode (1), die die obere Krone (56) des Verbinders (5) aufnimmt, peripher zur zentralen Krone (123) der Anode (1) ist, die den zentralen Hohlraum (10) der Anode (1) bildet, wobei der Innendurchmesser wenigstens eines Teils des Verbinders (5) größer ist als der Außendurchmesser der zentralen Krone (123) der Anode (1), derart, dass ein erstes ringförmiges Volumen (72) zwischen dem Verbinder (5) und der zentralen Krone (123) der Anode (1) vorgesehen wird, wobei dieses Volumen (72) mittels wenigstens zweier Leitungen (130, 28) in Verbindung ist mit dem Äußeren der Kartusche (100), nämlich eine Leitung (130) für die Zufuhr eines Kühlfluids sowie eine Leitung (28) zur Abfuhr eines Kühlfluids.
  7. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der zusammengefügten Position die obere Oberfläche (60) der oberen Krone des Verbinders (5) nicht gegen den Boden der Rille (124) der Anode (1) stößt, derart, dass ein zweites ringförmiges Volumen (71) zwischen dieser oberen Oberfläche (60) und dem Boden der Rille (124) vorgesehen wird, wobei eine (130) der Leitungen zur Verbindung mit dem Äußeren in dieses Volumen (71) mündet.
  8. Kartusche (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der zusammengefügten Position die untere Oberfläche (59) der unteren Krone (51) des Verbinders (5) nicht gegen den Boden (27) der Rille (24) des Trägers (2) stößt, derart, dass ein drittes ringförmiges Volumen (73) zwischen dieser unteren Oberfläche (59) und dem Boden (27) der Rille (24) vorgesehen wird, wobei eine der Leitungen (28) zur Verbindung mit dem Äußeren in dieses Volumen (73) mündet.
  9. Kartusche (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Zentrierer (4) umfasst, der einen auf die Kathode (3) zentrierten axialen Hohlraum hat, eine untere Oberfläche (46), eine seitliche äußere Oberfläche (38, 50), eine seitliche innere Oberfläche (39), und eine obere Oberfläche (48, 49), wobei wenigstens ein oberer Teil (42) des Zentrierers (4) im Inneren des zentralen Hohlraums (10) der Anode (1) eingepasst ist, wobei ein oder mehrere Durchgänge (44, 144, 95, 45, 64, 68, 74) eine Verbindung herstellen zwischen der äußeren seitlichen oder unteren Oberfläche (50, 46) mit der oberen Oberfläche (48, 49) des oberen Teils (42) des Zentrierers (4).
  10. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Durchgänge (44, 144) durch Leitungen (44, 144) gebildet sind, die die äußere seitliche Oberfläche (50) des Zentrierers (4) entweder mit einer ringförmigen axialen Rille (45) des Zentrierers (4) verbinden, die zwischen dem Zentrierer (4) und der Kathode (3) durch eine Stufe der seitlichen inneren Oberfläche (39) des Zentrierers (4) gebildet ist, oder mit Öffnungen (95), die an der oberen Oberfläche (49) des Zentrierers (4) gebildet sind.
  11. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Leitungen (44, 144) eine axiale Linie aufweisen, die nicht in einer axialen Ebene des Zentrierers (4) enthalten ist.
  12. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Leitungen (44, 144) ein Ende aufweisen, das in eine radiale Rille (148) mündet, welche an der seitlichen äußeren Oberfläche (50) des Zentrierers (4) gebildet ist.
  13. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitungen (44, 144) ein Ende aufweisen, das in eine radiale innere Rille (135) des inneren Hohlraums (10) der Anode (1) mündet.
  14. Kartusche (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anode (1) mit einer oder mehreren Leitungen (127) ausgestattet ist, die axial durch eine zentrale Krone (123) der Anode (1) verlaufen, die den zentralen Hohlraum (10) der Anode (1) umgibt und gegenüber einem Ende der Durchgänge (44, 144) des Zentrierers (4) münden.
  15. Kartusche (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (2) mit einer oder mehreren Leitungen (75) ausgestattet ist, die durch den Träger (2) verlaufen und in Verbindung mit Durchgängen (64, 68, 74) des Zentrierers (4) sind.
  16. Kartusche (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (2) mit einer zentralen Bohrung (23) ausgestattet ist, wobei diese Bohrung (23) einen unteren Teil der Kathode (3) aufnimmt.
  17. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Träger (2) mit einer zentralen Krone (29) ausgestattet ist, die um die Bohrung (23) herum gebildet ist, welche den unteren Teil der Kathode (3) aufnimmt, wobei eine obere Oberfläche (30) dieser Krone (29) in Kontakt mit der unteren Oberfläche (46) des Zentrierers (4) ist.
  18. Kartusche (100) nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zentrierer (4) mit einer unteren Schulter (41) ausgestattet ist, der eine untere Oberfläche (46) sowie eine obere Oberfläche (47) hat, wobei die untere Oberfläche dieser Schulter die untere Oberfläche (46) des Zentrierers (4) bildet, und wobei die obere Oberfläche (47) dieser Schulter (41) in Kontakt mit einer unteren Oberfläche (134) der zentralen Krone (123) der Anode (1) ist.
  19. Plasmabrenner, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine Struktur (80) zum Anschließen und zum Halten einer Kartusche (100) für einen Plasmabrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18 umfasst, wobei diese Struktur einen oberen Teil (82) aufweist, der eine Bohrung (85) zur Aufnahme der ringförmigen Anode (1) der Kartusche umfasst, wobei der obere Teil (82) Gewindelöcher umfasst, um das Einschrauben von Schrauben (89) zu ermöglichen, die durch Löcher des Verbinders (5) der Kartusche verlaufen, um die Kartusche an dem oberen Teil (82) zu befestigen, wobei ein axiales zentrales Loch (91) mit aufgeweiteten Rändern den Durchgang des Plasmas erlaubt, sowie ein unteres Teil (81), das eine Bohrung (83) zur Aufnahme des Trägers (2) der Kathode der Kartusche umfasst, wobei das untere Teil (81) Gewindelöcher umfasst, um das Einschrauben von Schrauben (90) zu erlauben, die durch Löcher des Verbinders (5) der Kartusche verlaufen, um die Kartusche an dem unteren Teil (81) zu befestigen, wobei die Struktur Zuführungen (86, 87) für ein Kühlfluid und für ein plasmagenes Gas aufweist, sowie Mittel (84) für die Abfuhr des Kühlfluids; wobei diese Mittel dazu ausgelegt sind, bei der Montage der Kartusche (100) in der Struktur (80) gegenüber den entsprechenden Leitungen (127, 130, 75) der Kartusche (100) positioniert zu werden.
  20. Plasmabrenner nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Befestigung der Befestigungs- und Haltestruktur (80) an der Kartusche (100) eine Schelle (92) umfassen, die drehfest am oberen Teil (82) der Struktur (80) befestigt ist, die die Bohrung (85) zur Aufnahme der Anode (1) der Kartusche umfasst, wobei eine in der Schelle (92) montierte Schraube (94) in Anlage an den unteren Teil (81) der Struktur (80) gelangt, die die Bohrung (83) zur Aufnahme des Trägers (2) der Kartusche (100) umfasst.
EP00918936A 1999-04-14 2000-04-11 Kopf für plasmabrenner und damit ausrüstbarer plasmabrenner Expired - Lifetime EP1169889B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9904647A FR2792493B1 (fr) 1999-04-14 1999-04-14 Cartouche pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma equipee
FR9904647 1999-04-14
PCT/FR2000/000919 WO2000064224A1 (fr) 1999-04-14 2000-04-11 Cartouche pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma equipee

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EP1169889B1 true EP1169889B1 (de) 2012-10-31

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EP (1) EP1169889B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4925510B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100791562B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2370462C (de)
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FR2792493B1 (fr) 2001-05-25
CA2370462A1 (fr) 2000-10-26
EP1169889A1 (de) 2002-01-09
KR20020013848A (ko) 2002-02-21
JP4925510B2 (ja) 2012-04-25
KR100791562B1 (ko) 2008-01-03
JP2002542602A (ja) 2002-12-10
WO2000064224A1 (fr) 2000-10-26
US6525292B1 (en) 2003-02-25
FR2792493A1 (fr) 2000-10-20
CA2370462C (fr) 2010-02-02

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