EP0427591B1 - Plasmabrenner mit nicht gekühlter Plasmagasinjektion - Google Patents

Plasmabrenner mit nicht gekühlter Plasmagasinjektion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0427591B1
EP0427591B1 EP90403045A EP90403045A EP0427591B1 EP 0427591 B1 EP0427591 B1 EP 0427591B1 EP 90403045 A EP90403045 A EP 90403045A EP 90403045 A EP90403045 A EP 90403045A EP 0427591 B1 EP0427591 B1 EP 0427591B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plasma
electrodes
plasma torch
injection
torch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403045A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0427591A1 (de
Inventor
Maxime Labrot
Didier Pineau
Jean Feuillerat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Group SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Group SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Group SAS filed Critical Airbus Group SAS
Publication of EP0427591A1 publication Critical patent/EP0427591A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0427591B1 publication Critical patent/EP0427591B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/341—Arrangements for providing coaxial protecting fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3421—Transferred arc or pilot arc mode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3431—Coaxial cylindrical electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric arc plasma torches, implementing the injection of a plasma gas into an internal chamber, which is formed in the torch and which is crossed by an electric arc generated between two electrodes.
  • the temperatures reached by the plasma leaving the torch can exceed 10,000 ° C.
  • the two electrodes are tubular and coaxial, in extension of one another, and they are each arranged in a support.
  • a cooling circuit is necessarily provided between each electrode and the support which surrounds it because of the temperatures reached.
  • means are provided for striking said arc, which may be of the type with electric discharge produced between the two electrodes or of the short-circuit type, thanks, for example, to the use of an auxiliary starting electrode.
  • the torches most often comprise at least one electromagnetic coil arranged around one of the electrode supports, to allow the displacement of the attachment feet of the electric arc and, thus, to avoid premature wear of the internal surfaces of the tubular electrodes .
  • the means for injecting plasma gas such as air
  • they generally comprise a part of revolution coaxial with said electrodes and defining with these and their supports said injection chamber.
  • Transverse orifices are provided in the room to allow the injection of plasma gas, from a supply circuit, into the chamber.
  • said part is made of a metallic material and also comprises a cooling circuit.
  • longitudinal passages for cooling fluid circulation are provided in the part of revolution.
  • these passages communicate on one side with an external annular groove formed in the part, into which the cooling fluid arrives, and, on the other side, these passages are placed in communication with the cooling circuit of the downstream electrode (relative to the circulation of plasma gas). Thanks to this, the same cooling fluid flows through the cooling circuits of the injection part and of the downstream electrode.
  • insulating members are provided between the injection part and the upstream electrode, which, moreover, can have a role of thermal shield for the upstream or rear part of the torch.
  • the present invention relates to a plasma torch which, taking into account the unexpected results revealed by the various tests carried out, presents a considerably simplified embodiment while guaranteeing performances similar to plasma torches of the prior art.
  • the part of revolution is very easy to produce, injection orifices being only made by drilling in said part.
  • the injection part since the injection part is not subjected to high temperatures, it need not be made of metal. However, as the injection piece is more insulating, it is no longer also necessary to provide the insulation and thermal shield devices previously arranged between the two electrodes and which involved a significant additional bulk of the torch.
  • the part of revolution can then be made of a plastic material such as, for example, a polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the part of revolution can have a section in the shape of a crown.
  • the plasma gas injection orifices are regularly distributed around said part.
  • the geometric axes of the transverse injection orifices contained in planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the torch, instead of converging towards the latter , are slightly offset from their position for which they would converge towards said longitudinal axis.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the plasma torch according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows, in cutaway perspective, said plasma gas injection part.
  • the plasma torch 1 comprises a body 2 comprising in particular two cylindrical supports 3 and 4. Inside the support 3 is housed an upstream electrode or cathode 5, while inside the support 4 is housed a downstream electrode or anode 6. These electrodes 5 and 6 have a tubular shape and they are arranged coaxially to a longitudinal axis 7 while being spaced from one another along said axis. These electrodes are connected to power supplies, not shown.
  • each support and its corresponding electrode is formed a cooling circuit, respectively 8 and 9, in which a cooling fluid circulates. Only the input, respectively 8A and 9A, of these cooling circuits has been shown.
  • the structure of these electrode cooling circuits which is of a known type, will not be described further, these circuits being connected to a supply of cooling fluid.
  • an auxiliary starting electrode 12 is provided in this embodiment.
  • an electromagnetic coil 14 is arranged around the support 3 of the upstream electrode 5, so to allow, under the action of the axial magnetic field which it generates, the displacement of the feet of the electric arc 11 around the internal surfaces 5A and 6A, respectively of the electrodes 5 and 6, thereby avoiding premature wear of the latter.
  • the plasma torch 1 also comprises means 16 for injecting a plasma gas, such as air, between the electrodes 5 and 6 as soon as the electric arc 11 is produced.
  • a plasma gas such as air
  • These means 16 comprise a part of revolution 17 having a section in the form of a crown and surrounding the opposite ends 58 and 68 respectively of the electrodes 5 and 6.
  • the internal wall 17A of the part 17, the ends 58 and 68 of the electrodes and the front face 3A of the support 3 define an internal chamber 18, into which the plasma gas is injected by means of transverse orifices 17B formed in the injection part 17.
  • the plasma gas comes from a supply, not shown, and arrives at 19 in an annular space 20 delimited between an external envelope 21 of the body 2 of the torch and the external wall 17C of the injection piece 17.
  • the injection part 17 according to the invention is devoid of internal cooling means. Indeed, the cold plasma gas injected into the chamber 18 constitutes, in the vicinity of the internal wall 17A of the injection part, a protective thermal barrier against the high temperatures generated by the electric arc 11, at the heart of the chamber 18. It therefore follows that the production of the injection piece 17, as shown more particularly in FIG. 2, is considerably simplified. Indeed, the drilling of the injection orifices 17B regularly distributed around the part 17 does not raise any difficulties.
  • the injection part can be made of a plastic material, preferably electrically insulating such as, for example, a polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • This plastic part can also play the role of electrical insulator between the two electrodes 5 and 6, so that it is no longer necessary to provide insulation and thermal shield devices usually fitted to the plasma torches of the prior art.
  • Figure 1 highlights the small footprint of the plasma torch obtained according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Plasmabrenner derart, daß er umfaßt:
    - zwei röhrenförmige, koaxiale und hintereinanderliegende Elektroden (5 und 6), die jeweils in einer Halterung (3 und 4) mit einem Kühlkreislauf (8 und 9) der entsprechenden Elektrode angeordnet sind;
    - Mittel (12) zum Zünden eines Lichtbogens zwischen den beiden Elektroden und
    - Mittel (16) zur Injektion eines plasmabildenden Gases zwischen die Elektroden, mit einem Rotationsteil (17) koaxial zu den Elektroden, das mit diesen und deren Halterungen eine Kammer (18) bildet, in die durch Queröffnungen (17B) des Teils das plasmabildende Gas injiziert wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rotationsteil (17) keinen Kühlkreislauf hat und aus einem nichtmetallischen, elektrisch nichtleitenden Werkstoff besteht.
  2. Plasmabrenner nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rotationsteil (17) aus einem Kunststoff besteht.
  3. Plasmabrenner nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff ein Polytetrafluorethylen ist.
  4. Plasmabrenner nach einem der obigen Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rotationsteil (17) einen kranzförmigen Querschnitt hat.
  5. Plasmabrenner nach einem der obigen Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Injektionsöffnungen (17B) des plasmabildenden Gases gleichmäßig um Teil (17) herum verteilt sind.
  6. Plasmabrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die geometrischen Achsen (17D) der Queröffnungen (17B) für die Injektion des plasmabildenden Gases, die in Ebenen senkrecht zur Längsachse (7) des Brenners liegen, nicht mehr zu dieser konvergieren, sondern gegenüber ihrer Stellung, in der sie zur Längsachse (7) konvergieren würden, leicht versetzt sind.
EP90403045A 1989-11-08 1990-10-29 Plasmabrenner mit nicht gekühlter Plasmagasinjektion Expired - Lifetime EP0427591B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8914676 1989-11-08
FR8914676A FR2654293B1 (fr) 1989-11-08 1989-11-08 Torche a plasma a injection non refroidie de gaz plasmagene.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0427591A1 EP0427591A1 (de) 1991-05-15
EP0427591B1 true EP0427591B1 (de) 1994-11-30

Family

ID=9387217

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403045A Expired - Lifetime EP0427591B1 (de) 1989-11-08 1990-10-29 Plasmabrenner mit nicht gekühlter Plasmagasinjektion

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0427591B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3006771B2 (de)
KR (1) KR0146044B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE114928T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2029505C (de)
DE (1) DE69014561T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0427591T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2067000T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2654293B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2734445B1 (fr) * 1995-05-19 1997-07-18 Aerospatiale Torche a plasma d'arc a courant continu, particulierement destinee a l'obtention d'un corps chimique par decomposition d'un gaz plasmagene
CH690408A5 (de) * 1996-02-23 2000-08-31 Mgc Plasma Ag Plasmabrenner für übertragenen Lichtbogen.
DE19835224A1 (de) * 1998-08-05 2000-02-10 Stefan Laure Plasmagenerator
JP4568503B2 (ja) * 2004-01-20 2010-10-27 小池酸素工業株式会社 プラズマトーチ
KR101249457B1 (ko) * 2012-05-07 2013-04-03 지에스플라텍 주식회사 비이송식 공동형 플라즈마 토치

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2207961A1 (en) * 1972-11-27 1974-06-21 G N Carbon prodn by pyrolysis - in a plasma using hydrocarbon gas
US4549065A (en) * 1983-01-21 1985-10-22 Technology Application Services Corporation Plasma generator and method
BE898951A (fr) * 1984-02-17 1984-08-17 Centre Rech Metallurgique Torche a plasma a arc electrique.
CA1261927A (en) * 1985-11-25 1989-09-26 Hypertherm, Inc. Underwater and above-water plasma arc cutting torch and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2067000T3 (es) 1995-03-16
KR910011093A (ko) 1991-06-29
CA2029505A1 (fr) 1991-05-09
KR0146044B1 (ko) 1998-08-17
DE69014561T2 (de) 1995-04-06
CA2029505C (fr) 2000-08-15
ATE114928T1 (de) 1994-12-15
FR2654293A1 (fr) 1991-05-10
FR2654293B1 (fr) 1996-05-24
EP0427591A1 (de) 1991-05-15
JP3006771B2 (ja) 2000-02-07
JPH03173099A (ja) 1991-07-26
DK0427591T3 (da) 1995-02-27
DE69014561D1 (de) 1995-01-12

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