EP1168887B1 - Spring-mounted spreading device, especially for heating elements - Google Patents

Spring-mounted spreading device, especially for heating elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1168887B1
EP1168887B1 EP01112337A EP01112337A EP1168887B1 EP 1168887 B1 EP1168887 B1 EP 1168887B1 EP 01112337 A EP01112337 A EP 01112337A EP 01112337 A EP01112337 A EP 01112337A EP 1168887 B1 EP1168887 B1 EP 1168887B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expanding device
parts
tensioning
spring element
connecting leg
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01112337A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1168887A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Graf
Martin Lohner
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APAG Elektronik AG
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APAG Elektronik AG
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Publication of EP1168887A1 publication Critical patent/EP1168887A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/21—Utilizing thermal characteristic, e.g., expansion or contraction, etc.

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a widening device, in particular for heating elements for heating a liquid, see DE-A-3 914 897.
  • This problem can be exemplified by a heating bag of an electric heater an internal combustion engine are illustrated.
  • Heating elements for heating a liquid e.g. the cooling water in one Combustion engine, arranged, with the heating pockets of the heated Liquid to be flowed around.
  • the heating elements on the inside of the housing of the heating bags be attached. Screw each heating element individually or over one Clamp is very time consuming. The sticking of heating elements is also time consuming, also has an adhesive bond because of high temperatures of the heating elements a short life.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to develop a device with a simple, maintenance-free fastening of elements to one Wall and adjusting the contact pressure of the element to the wall allows becomes.
  • a widening device two against the action of a spring element relative to each other displaceable Divide, wherein the spring element between the two parts arranged is and rests on both parts each with an outer leg, with a displaceable tensioning element at right angles to the direction of movement of the two parts, that of a middle connecting leg of the spring element is encompassed, and with an abutment on which the connecting leg supported in a clamping direction of the clamping element, wherein at least in the untensioned Condition a cooperating with the clamping element in the clamping direction Section of the connecting leg aligned obliquely to the clamping direction is.
  • the spring element already has a bias during installation, which is the Part to be installed or the parts with slight contact pressure against a system or wall presses and thereby holds in position. After that, the contact pressure be increased or adjusted over the clamping element by clicking on a or a plurality of sections of the connecting leg of the spring element so affects that the outer limbs of the spring element widened and the part or the parts are thus pressed more strongly against the plant. Because the spring element is an elastic element, will be geometry changes of the part or the parts balanced due to aging or thermal influences. A re-adjustment of the contact pressure and maintenance are therefore not required.
  • the spring element is preferably symmetrical to the median plane formed between the two parts, so that the two opposite Parts with only one spring element on opposite walls in position can be held and fastened.
  • the anvil is preferably arranged so that the outermost end the connecting leg is supported. However, it is also conceivable that the anvil in a region between the cooperating with the clamping element Sections of the connecting leg and the outer legs the spring element is arranged.
  • the clamping element is a round part.
  • a round part leaves easy to install and glides particularly well along the oblique to the clamping direction aligned portions of the connecting leg, without closing tilt.
  • the section is just formed. This will be a particularly good and effective interaction with the formed as a round part clamping element reached.
  • the spring element may be band-shaped.
  • the spring element can then at least partially flat on the clamping element and rest against the parts to be fastened. A rotation of the spring element relative to the clamping element or the parts to be expanded is therefore largely possible locked out.
  • the expansion device has means for altering the distance between the clamping element and the abutment on.
  • the spring element By Reducing the distance between the clamping element and the counter bearing the spring element is pressed against the anvil, causing a widening or spreading in the area between the relatively displaceable Parts located outer leg of the spring element takes place. Thereby The contact pressure of a part to be fastened can be adjusted to a system become.
  • the device for changing the distance between the clamping element and the anvil at least one intervening Screw is.
  • the distance can be via a screw connection on the one hand set very accurately and the other is the once set Distance not changeable.
  • Expander device is a contact surface for at least one of the two parts provided and is between the contact surface and the at least one part an insulating layer is arranged.
  • the insulating layer can be sandwiched between the part and the plant, leaving the insulating layer is held indirectly by the spring element in position. Additional Fastening devices for the insulating layer are therefore not required.
  • the abutment is formed by at least one of the two parts, then no separate counter bearing be provided.
  • the anvil must be so not specially manufactured and installed, which saves time and material.
  • the expansion device for fixing heating elements in heating bags of e.g. electrical Used auxiliary heaters of internal combustion engines.
  • a fixing with adhesive is only possible to a limited extent, as this may dissolve at the temperatures occurring.
  • the expansion device according to the invention a quick installation possible and maintenance or readjustment of the contact pressure is not necessary.
  • the clamping elements are several successive or juxtaposed expansion devices formed by a common clamping element.
  • the tensioning element works with the sections of the connecting legs of several spring elements simultaneously together. Consequently, with only one clamping element, a plurality of spring elements be re-tensioned and thus the contact pressure of several Parts are set against a system at the same time.
  • the housing 1 shows a section through a widening device 1 arranged in a heating pocket of an electric auxiliary heater of an internal combustion engine .
  • the housing 2 of the heating pocket is formed by an aluminum die-cast housing and is surrounded by a fluid to be heated.
  • Within the housing 2 are a plurality of heating elements 3,4, which abut each with its one side on a formed as a disk electrically insulating insulating layer 5,6 .
  • the insulating layer 5,6 is located between the housing inner wall 7 and a heating element 3,4.
  • heating elements 3,4 power semiconductors in particular power transistors are provided, which are arranged so that two heating elements 3,4 spaced by a gap 8 with the insulating layer 5,6 facing away from 9,10 .
  • the heating elements 3,4 are held in their position by a spring element 11, which is partially in the gap 8 between the heating elements 3,4.
  • the one-piece spring element 11 has in the gap 8, two outer legs 12,13 with opposing bends, so that forms an approximately elliptical cavity between the outer legs 12,13.
  • the outer sides of the outer legs 12,13 are partially on the sides 9,10 of the heating elements 3,4 and press the heating elements 3,4 in the direction of arrow 14,15 against the insulating layer 5,6.
  • the symmetrical to its longitudinal axis spring element 11 forms outside of the gap 8 by two curved legs 16 ', 17' almost a semicircle. This is followed by two sections 16,17 of a connecting leg 18 at.
  • the curved end of the connecting leg 18 is adapted to the shape of a groove 19 of an abutment 20 in which it engages.
  • a clamping element 21 designed as a round part , which rests at least on the inner sides 22, 23 of the sections 16, 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through an arrangement 100 of five expansion devices 1 arranged side by side in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of FIG. 1.
  • the housing 101 of the arrangement 100 is surrounded by a fluid to be heated.
  • the spring elements 11 are indicated by a vertical line.
  • openings 132,133 are provided through which a screw 134,135 is guided.
  • the front end 136,137 of the screw 134,135 is guided in a thread 138,139 , which is located in the common abutment 103 .
  • the screw 134,135 the distance between the encompassed by the connecting leg 18 clamping element 102 and the anvil 103 can be changed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Aufweitvorrichtung, insbesondere für Heizelemente zum Erwärmen einer Flüssigkeit, siehe DE-A-3 914 897.The invention relates to a widening device, in particular for heating elements for heating a liquid, see DE-A-3 914 897.

In den verschiedensten technischen Bereichen stellt sich das Problem, Bauelemente an weitestgehend glatten Wänden eines Gehäuses ortsfest zu positionieren. Es ist denkbar, die Bauelemente an die Wände des Gehäuses beispielsweise zu schrauben, zu kleben oder mit Haltebügeln zu halten.In various technical areas, the problem arises, components to be fixed on largely smooth walls of a housing. It is conceivable that the components are connected to the walls of the housing For example, to screw, stick or hold with brackets.

Beginnt die Verbindung von Bauelement und Gehäusewand in Folge von Alterung oder Erwärmung sich zu lösen, so muss das Bauelement neu befestigt werden oder die Verbindung zumindest nachgestellt werden. Ist das Gehäuse jedoch in eine größere Einheit eingebaut und schwer zugänglich, so ist eine Wartung der Bauelement-Gehäuseverbindung nahezu unmöglich.Begins the connection of the component and housing wall as a result of aging or heating to dissolve, the component must be re-attached or at least be reconnected. Is the case however, built into a larger unit and out of the way, so is one Maintenance of the component-housing connection almost impossible.

Dieses Problem kann am Beispiel einer Heiztasche eines elektrischen Zuheizers eines Verbrennungsmotors veranschaulicht werden. Im Gehäuse von Heiztaschen eines elektrischen Zuheizers eines Verbrennungsmotors sind Heizelemente zum Beheizen einer Flüssigkeit, wie z.B. dem Kühlwasser in einem Verbrennungsmotor, angeordnet, wobei die Heiztaschen von der zu beheizenden Flüssigkeit umströmt werden. Um einen möglichst großen Wärmeübergang von den Heizelemente zu der zu heizenden Flüssigkeit sicherzustellen, müssen die Heizelemente an der Innenseite des Gehäuses der Heiztaschen befestigt werden. Jedes Heizelement einzeln anzuschrauben oder über eine Klammer zu befestigen ist sehr zeitaufwendig. Das Ankleben von Heizelementen ist ebenfalls zeitaufwendig, außerdem hat eine Klebeverbindung wegen der hohen Temperaturen der Heizelemente eine kurze Lebensdauer. Weiterhin können Isolierscheiben zur elektrischen Isolation der Heizelemente bei einer Klebeverbindung nicht zwischen den Heizelementen und dem Gehäuse der Heiztaschen einfach angebracht werden. Zudem lässt sich mit einer Klebeverbindung wie auch bei einer Klammerverbindung der Anpressdruck an die Wand nicht einstellen. In einem zusammengebauten elektrischen Zuheizer eines Verbrennungsmotors sind die Heiztaschen nicht zugänglich, folglich können die Verbindungen von Bauelement und Gehäusewand nicht kontrolliert und gewartet werden.This problem can be exemplified by a heating bag of an electric heater an internal combustion engine are illustrated. In the case of Heated pockets of an electric heater of an internal combustion engine are Heating elements for heating a liquid, e.g. the cooling water in one Combustion engine, arranged, with the heating pockets of the heated Liquid to be flowed around. For the greatest possible heat transfer from the heating elements to ensure the liquid to be heated need the heating elements on the inside of the housing of the heating bags be attached. Screw each heating element individually or over one Clamp is very time consuming. The sticking of heating elements is also time consuming, also has an adhesive bond because of high temperatures of the heating elements a short life. Farther Insulating disks for electrical insulation of the heating elements at a Adhesive bond not between the heating elements and the housing of the Heating bags are easily attached. In addition, can be with a glue connection as with a clamp connection, the contact pressure on the wall do not adjust. In an assembled electric heater one Internal combustion engine, the heating bags are not accessible, therefore, the Connections of component and housing wall not controlled and maintained become.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, eine Vorrichtung zu entwickeln, mit der ein einfaches, wartungsfreies Befestigen von Elementen an einer Wand und das Einstellen des Anpressdrucks des Elements an die Wand ermöglicht wird.The object of the present invention is therefore to develop a device with a simple, maintenance-free fastening of elements to one Wall and adjusting the contact pressure of the element to the wall allows becomes.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch eine Aufweitvorrichtung mit zwei gegen die Wirkung eines Federelements relativ zueinander verschiebbaren Teilen, wobei das Federelement zwischen den beiden Teilen angeordnet ist und an beiden Teilen jeweils mit einem Außenschenkel anliegt, mit einem rechtwinklig zur Bewegungsrichtung der beiden Teile verschiebbaren Spannelement, das von einem mittleren Verbindungsschenkel des Federelements umgriffen ist, und mit einem Gegenlager, an dem sich der Verbindungsschenkel in einer Spannrichtung des Spannelements abstützt, wobei zumindest im ungespannten Zustand ein mit dem Spannelement in Spannrichtung zusammenwirkender Abschnitt des Verbindungsschenkels schräg zur Spannrichtung ausgerichtet ist.This object is achieved according to the invention by a widening device two against the action of a spring element relative to each other displaceable Divide, wherein the spring element between the two parts arranged is and rests on both parts each with an outer leg, with a displaceable tensioning element at right angles to the direction of movement of the two parts, that of a middle connecting leg of the spring element is encompassed, and with an abutment on which the connecting leg supported in a clamping direction of the clamping element, wherein at least in the untensioned Condition a cooperating with the clamping element in the clamping direction Section of the connecting leg aligned obliquely to the clamping direction is.

Das Federelement weist schon beim Einbau eine Vorspannung auf, die das einzubauende Teil bzw. die Teile mit leichtem Anpressdruck gegen eine Anlage bzw. Wand presst und dadurch in Position hält. Danach kann der Anpressdruck über das Spannelement erhöht bzw. eingestellt werden, indem es auf einen oder mehrere Abschnitte des Verbindungsschenkels des Federelements so wirkt, dass die Außenschenkel des Federelements aufgeweitet und das Teil bzw. die Teile somit stärker gegen die Anlage gepresst werden. Da das Federelement ein elastisches Element ist, werden Geometrieveränderungen des Teils bzw. der Teile infolge Alterung oder thermischer Einflüsse ausgeglichen. Eine erneute Einstellung des Anpressdrucks und eine Wartung sind somit nicht erforderlich. Das Federelement ist vorzugsweise symmetrisch zur Mittelebene zwischen den beiden Teilen ausgebildet, so dass die zwei gegenüberliegenden Teile mit nur einem Federelement an gegenüberliegenden Wänden in Position gehalten und befestigt werden können.The spring element already has a bias during installation, which is the Part to be installed or the parts with slight contact pressure against a system or wall presses and thereby holds in position. After that, the contact pressure be increased or adjusted over the clamping element by clicking on a or a plurality of sections of the connecting leg of the spring element so affects that the outer limbs of the spring element widened and the part or the parts are thus pressed more strongly against the plant. Because the spring element is an elastic element, will be geometry changes of the part or the parts balanced due to aging or thermal influences. A re-adjustment of the contact pressure and maintenance are therefore not required. The spring element is preferably symmetrical to the median plane formed between the two parts, so that the two opposite Parts with only one spring element on opposite walls in position can be held and fastened.

Das Gegenlager ist vorzugsweise so angeordnet, dass sich das äußerste Ende des Verbindungsschenkels daran abstützt. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass das Gegenlager in einem Bereich zwischen den mit dem Spannelement zusammenwirkenden Abschnitten des Verbindungsschenkels und den Außenschenkeln des Federelements angeordnet ist.The anvil is preferably arranged so that the outermost end the connecting leg is supported. However, it is also conceivable that the anvil in a region between the cooperating with the clamping element Sections of the connecting leg and the outer legs the spring element is arranged.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn das Spannelement ein Rundteil ist. Ein Rundteil lässt sich einfach einbauen und gleitet besonders gut entlang der schräg zur Spannrichtung ausgerichteten Abschnitte des Verbindungsschenkels, ohne sich zu verkanten.It is advantageous if the clamping element is a round part. A round part leaves easy to install and glides particularly well along the oblique to the clamping direction aligned portions of the connecting leg, without closing tilt.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Aufweitvorrichtung ist der Abschnitt eben ausgebildet. Hierdurch wird eine besonders gute und effektive Zusammenwirkung mit dem als Rundteil ausgebildeten Spannelement erreicht.In a preferred embodiment of the expansion device according to the invention the section is just formed. This will be a particularly good and effective interaction with the formed as a round part clamping element reached.

Bei einer drahtförmigen Ausbildung des Federelements wird für die Herstellung des Federelements wenig Material verbraucht. Außerdem lässt sich das Spannelement besonders einfach und ohne zu verkanten in den Verbindungsschenkel einführen.In a wire-shaped design of the spring element is used for the production the spring element consumes little material. In addition, that can be Clamping element particularly easy and without tilting in the connecting leg introduce.

Alternativ kann das Federelement bandförmig ausgebildet sein. Das Federelement kann dann zumindest abschnittsweise flächig an dem Spannelement und an den zu befestigenden Teilen anliegen. Ein Verdrehen des Federelements relativ zu dem Spannelement oder den aufzuweitenden Teilen wird daher weitestgehend ausgeschlossen.Alternatively, the spring element may be band-shaped. The spring element can then at least partially flat on the clamping element and rest against the parts to be fastened. A rotation of the spring element relative to the clamping element or the parts to be expanded is therefore largely possible locked out.

Wenn am Gegenlager eine Stützaufnahme für den Verbindungsschenkel des Federelements vorgesehen ist, wird ein Abrutschen des Verbindungsschenkels am Gegenlager verhindert. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn die Stützaufnahme als Rille ausgebildet ist und der Verbindungsschenkel eine an die Rille angepasste Form aufweist.If a support receptacle for the connecting leg of the Spring element is provided, a slipping of the connecting leg prevented at the abutment. This is especially the case when the Support receptacle is designed as a groove and the connecting leg to an the groove has adapted shape.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Aufweitvorrichtung weist die Aufweitvorrichtung eine Einrichtung zum Verändern des Abstands zwischen dem Spannelement und dem Gegenlager auf. Durch Verringern des Abstandes zwischen dem Spannelement und dem Gegenlager wird das Federelement gegen das Gegenlager gepresst, wodurch ein Aufweiten bzw. Spreizen der sich im Bereich zwischen den relativ zueinander verschiebbaren Teilen befindlichen Außenschenkel des Federelements erfolgt. Dadurch kann der Anpressdruck eines zu befestigenden Teils an eine Anlage eingestellt werden.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the expansion device according to the invention the expansion device has means for altering the distance between the clamping element and the abutment on. By Reducing the distance between the clamping element and the counter bearing the spring element is pressed against the anvil, causing a widening or spreading in the area between the relatively displaceable Parts located outer leg of the spring element takes place. Thereby The contact pressure of a part to be fastened can be adjusted to a system become.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Einrichtung zum Verändern des Abstands zwischen dem Spannelement und dem Gegenlager mindestens eine dazwischen wirkende Schraubverbindungen ist. Der Abstand lässt sich über eine Schraubverbindung zum einen sehr genau einstellen und zum anderen ist der einmal eingestellte Abstand nicht veränderlich.It is advantageous if the device for changing the distance between the clamping element and the anvil at least one intervening Screw is. The distance can be via a screw connection on the one hand set very accurately and the other is the once set Distance not changeable.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausbildungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Aufweitvorrichtung ist für mindestens eines der beiden Teile eine Anlagefläche vorgesehen und ist zwischen der Anlagefläche und dem mindestens einen Teil eine Isolierschicht angeordnet. Je nach verwendetem Teil kann es notwendig sein, das Teil elektrisch von der Anlage zu isolieren. Die Isolierschicht kann zwischen das Teil und die Anlage eingeklemmt werden, so dass die Isolierschicht mittelbar durch das Federelement in Position gehalten wird. Zusätzliche Befestigungsvorrichtungen für die Isolierschicht sind daher nicht erforderlich.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention Expander device is a contact surface for at least one of the two parts provided and is between the contact surface and the at least one part an insulating layer is arranged. Depending on the part used it may be necessary be to isolate the part electrically from the plant. The insulating layer can be sandwiched between the part and the plant, leaving the insulating layer is held indirectly by the spring element in position. additional Fastening devices for the insulating layer are therefore not required.

Ist das Gegenlager durch mindestens eines der beiden Teile gebildet, so muss kein separates Gegenlager vorgesehen werden. Das Gegenlager muss also nicht extra hergestellt und eingebaut werden, was Zeit und Material spart.If the abutment is formed by at least one of the two parts, then no separate counter bearing be provided. The anvil must be so not specially manufactured and installed, which saves time and material.

Wenn mindestens eines der beiden Teile ein Heizelement ist, kann die Aufweitvorrichtung für die Befestigung von Heizelementen in Heiztaschen von z.B. elektrischen Zuheizern von Verbrennungsmotoren verwendet werden. Insbesondere bei Heizelementen ist eine Befestigung mit Klebstoff nur bedingt möglich, da sich dieser bei den auftretenden Temperaturen eventuell auflöst. Ferner ist mit der erfindungsgemäßen Aufweitvorrichtung ein schneller Einbau möglich und eine Wartung bzw. ein Nachstellen des Anpressdrucks nicht notwendig.If at least one of the two parts is a heating element, the expansion device for fixing heating elements in heating bags of e.g. electrical Used auxiliary heaters of internal combustion engines. Especially for heating elements, a fixing with adhesive is only possible to a limited extent, as this may dissolve at the temperatures occurring. Further is with the expansion device according to the invention a quick installation possible and maintenance or readjustment of the contact pressure is not necessary.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausbildungsform sind die Spannelemente mehrerer hintereinander oder nebeneinander angeordneter Aufweitvorrichtungen durch ein gemeinsames Spannelement gebildet. Das Spannelement wirkt also mit den Abschnitten der Verbindungsschenkel mehrerer Federelemente gleichzeitig zusammen. Mit nur einem Spannelement können folglich mehrere Federelemente nachgespannt werden und somit kann der Anpressdruck mehrerer Teile gegen eine Anlage gleichzeitig eingestellt werden.In a further preferred embodiment, the clamping elements are several successive or juxtaposed expansion devices formed by a common clamping element. The tensioning element works with the sections of the connecting legs of several spring elements simultaneously together. Consequently, with only one clamping element, a plurality of spring elements be re-tensioned and thus the contact pressure of several Parts are set against a system at the same time.

Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung. Ebenso können die vorstehend genannten und die noch weiter ausgeführten Merkmale erfindungsgemäß jeweils einzeln für sich oder zu mehreren in beliebigen Kombinationen Verwendung finden. Die gezeigten und beschriebenen Ausführungsformen sind nicht als abschließende Aufzählung zu verstehen, sondern haben vielmehr beispielhaften Charakter für die Schilderung der Erfindung.Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and the Drawing. Likewise, the aforementioned and further elaborated Features according to the invention each individually or for several find use in any combination. The shown and described Embodiments are not meant to be exhaustive. but rather have exemplary character for the description of the Invention.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Aufweitvorrichtung;
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch eine Anordnung mehrerer erfindungsgemäßer Aufweitvorrichtungen in einer senkrechten Ebene zum Schnitt der Fig. 1.
The invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments. It shows:
Fig. 1
a section through a widening device according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a section through an arrangement of several inventive expansion devices in a vertical plane to the section of FIG. 1st

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine in einer Heiztasche eines elektrischen Zuheizers eines Verbrennungsmotors angeordneten Aufweitvorrichtung 1. Das Gehäuse 2 der Heiztasche wird durch ein Aluminium-Druckgussgehäuse gebildet und ist von einem zu beheizenden Fluid umströmt. Innerhalb des Gehäuses 2 befinden sich mehrere Heizelemente 3,4, die jeweils mit ihrer einen Seite an einer als Scheibe ausgebildeten elektrisch isolierenden Isolierschicht 5,6 anliegen. Die Isolierschicht 5,6 befindet sich zwischen der Gehäuseinnenwand 7 und einem Heizelement 3,4. Als Heizelemente 3,4 sind Leistungshalbleiter, insbesondere Leistungstransistoren vorgesehen, die so angeordnet sind, dass sich zwei Heizelemente 3,4 durch einen Spalt 8 beabstandet mit der der Isolierschicht 5,6 abgewandten Seite 9,10 gegenüber liegen. Die Heizelemente 3,4 werden durch ein Federelement 11, das sich teilweise im Spalt 8 zwischen den Heizelementen 3,4 befindet, in ihrer Position gehalten. Das einstückige Federelement 11 weist im Spalt 8 zwei Außenschenkel 12,13 mit einander entgegengerichteten Abwinkelungen auf, so dass sich zwischen den Außenschenkeln 12,13 ein etwa ellipsenförmiger Hohlraum bildet. Die Außenseiten der Außenschenkel12,13 liegen abschnittsweise an den Seiten 9,10 der Heizelemente 3,4 an und pressen die Heizelemente 3,4 in Pfeilrichtung 14,15 gegen die Isolierschicht 5,6. Das zu seiner Längsachse symmetrische Federelement 11 bildet außerhalb des Spaltes 8 durch zwei gekrümmte Schenkel 16',17' nahezu einen Halbkreis. Daran schließen sich zwei Abschnitte 16,17 eines Verbindungsschenkels 18 an. Das gekrümmte Ende des Verbindungsschenkels 18 ist an die Form einer Rille 19 eines Gegenlagers 20 angepasst, in die es eingreift. Innerhalb des durch die gekrümmten Schenkel 16',17' und Abschnitte16,17 gebildeten freien Raums befindet sich ein als Rundteil ausgebildetes Spannelement 21, welches zumindest an den Innenseiten 22,23 der Abschnitte16,17 anliegt. Durch Verschieben des Spannelements 21 relativ zu dem Gegenlager 20 in Spannrichtung 21', d.h. rechtwinklig zu den Pfeilrichtungen 14,15, können die Außenschenkel 12,13 in Pfeilrichtung 14,15 aufgeweitet werden, so dass ein Nachspannen des Federelements 11 ermöglicht wird. 1 shows a section through a widening device 1 arranged in a heating pocket of an electric auxiliary heater of an internal combustion engine . The housing 2 of the heating pocket is formed by an aluminum die-cast housing and is surrounded by a fluid to be heated. Within the housing 2 are a plurality of heating elements 3,4, which abut each with its one side on a formed as a disk electrically insulating insulating layer 5,6 . The insulating layer 5,6 is located between the housing inner wall 7 and a heating element 3,4. As heating elements 3,4 power semiconductors, in particular power transistors are provided, which are arranged so that two heating elements 3,4 spaced by a gap 8 with the insulating layer 5,6 facing away from 9,10 . The heating elements 3,4 are held in their position by a spring element 11, which is partially in the gap 8 between the heating elements 3,4. The one-piece spring element 11 has in the gap 8, two outer legs 12,13 with opposing bends, so that forms an approximately elliptical cavity between the outer legs 12,13. The outer sides of the outer legs 12,13 are partially on the sides 9,10 of the heating elements 3,4 and press the heating elements 3,4 in the direction of arrow 14,15 against the insulating layer 5,6. The symmetrical to its longitudinal axis spring element 11 forms outside of the gap 8 by two curved legs 16 ', 17' almost a semicircle. This is followed by two sections 16,17 of a connecting leg 18 at. The curved end of the connecting leg 18 is adapted to the shape of a groove 19 of an abutment 20 in which it engages. Within the free space formed by the curved legs 16 ', 17' and sections 16, 17 there is a clamping element 21 designed as a round part , which rests at least on the inner sides 22, 23 of the sections 16, 17. By moving the clamping element 21 relative to the anvil 20 in the tensioning direction 21 ', ie at right angles to the arrow directions 14, 15, the outer legs 12, 13 can be widened in the direction of the arrow 14, 15 so that retightening of the spring element 11 is made possible.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine Anordnung 100 von fünf nebeneinander angeordneten Aufweitvorrichtungen 1 in einer Richtung rechtwinklig zur Zeichenebene der Fig. 1. Das Gehäuse 101 der Anordnung 100 ist von einem zu erwärmenden Fluid umströmt. Die Federelemente 11 sind durch einen senkrechten Strich angedeutet. An beiden Enden 130,131 des gemeinsamen Spannelements 102 sind Öffnungen 132,133 vorgesehen, durch die jeweils eine Schraube 134,135 geführt wird. Das vordere Ende 136,137 der Schraube 134,135 ist in einem Gewinde 138,139 geführt, welches sich im gemeinsamen Gegenlager 103 befindet. Über die Schraube 134,135 kann der Abstand zwischen dem von dem Verbindungsschenkel 18 umgriffenen Spannelement 102 und dem Gegenlager 103 verändert werden. Durch Anziehen der Schrauben 134,135 wird das gekrümmte Ende des Verbindungsschenkels 18 in die Rille 119 des Gegenlagers 103 gedrückt und gleichzeitig die Abschnitte 16,17 nach oben und auseinander bewegt. Das hat zur Folge, dass auch die Außenschenkel 12,13 auseinander bewegt werden und somit die Heizelemente 3,4 fester an die an der Gehäuseinnenwand 7 anliegende Isolierschicht 5,6 gepresst werden. Die Isolierschicht 5,6 wird somit zwischen die Heizelemente 3,4 und die Gehäuseinnenwand 7 eingeklemmt und mittelbar durch das Federelement 11 in Position gehalten. Die Montage der Heizelemente 3,4 und der Isolierschicht 5,6 erfolgt mit leichtem Anpressdruck. Sobald alle Teile in der gewünschten Lage sind, werden sie über das Spannelement 102 und die Schraubverbindung so nachgespannt, dass sich ein vorgegebener Anpressdruck ergibt. Geometrieveränderungen infolge von Alterung, thermischer Einflüsse etc. werden von dem Federelement 11 ausgeglichen. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass auch nach längerem Betrieb die Heizelemente 3,4 mittels der Isolierschicht 5,6 optimal an der Gehäuseinnenwand 7 anliegen und ein optimaler Wärmefluss sichergestellt ist. 2 shows a cross section through an arrangement 100 of five expansion devices 1 arranged side by side in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of FIG. 1. The housing 101 of the arrangement 100 is surrounded by a fluid to be heated. The spring elements 11 are indicated by a vertical line. At both ends 130,131 of the common clamping element 102 openings 132,133 are provided through which a screw 134,135 is guided. The front end 136,137 of the screw 134,135 is guided in a thread 138,139 , which is located in the common abutment 103 . About the screw 134,135, the distance between the encompassed by the connecting leg 18 clamping element 102 and the anvil 103 can be changed. By tightening the screws 134,135, the curved end of the connecting leg 18 is pressed into the groove 119 of the abutment 103 and at the same time moves the sections 16,17 upwards and apart. This has the consequence that the outer legs 12,13 are moved apart and thus the heating elements 3,4 are pressed firmly against the voltage applied to the housing inner wall 7 insulating layer 5,6. The insulating layer 5,6 is thus clamped between the heating elements 3,4 and the housing inner wall 7 and held indirectly by the spring element 11 in position. The assembly of the heating elements 3,4 and the insulating layer 5,6 is carried out with a light contact pressure. As soon as all parts are in the desired position, they are tensioned via the tensioning element 102 and the screw connection in such a way that a predetermined contact pressure results. Geometry changes due to aging, thermal influences, etc. are compensated by the spring element 11. This ensures that even after prolonged operation, the heating elements 3,4 by means of the insulating layer 5.6 optimally rest against the housing inner wall 7 and an optimal heat flow is ensured.

Claims (12)

  1. Expanding device (1) comprising two parts or heating elements (3,4) which can be displaced relative to one another against the action of a spring element (11), wherein the spring element (11) is disposed between the two parts (3,4) and abuts both parts (3,4) with one external leg (12,13) each, a tensioning element (21) which can be displaced at a right angle to the direction of movement (14,15) of the two parts (3,4) and is surrounded by a central connecting leg (18) of the spring element (11), and a counter bearing (20) on which the connecting leg (18) is supported in one tensioning direction (21') of the tensioning element (21), wherein at least in the tension-free state, a portion (16,17) of the connecting leg (18) which cooperates with the tensioning element (21) in the tensioning direction (21') is oriented at an inclined angle to the tensioning direction (21').
  2. Expanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensioning element (21) is a round part.
  3. Expanding device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the portion (16,17) is flat.
  4. Expanding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring element (11) is wire-shaped.
  5. Expanding device according to any one of the claims 1 through 3, characterized in that the spring element (11) has the shape of a band.
  6. Expanding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter bearing (20) is provided with a support seat or groove (19) for the connecting leg (18) of the spring element (11).
  7. Expanding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the expanding device (1) comprises a means for changing the distance between the tensioning element (21) and the counter bearing (20).
  8. Expanding device according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for changing the distance between the tensioning element (21) and the counter bearing (20) is at least one screw connection (34,35) acting therebetween.
  9. Expanding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an abutment surface or housing inner wall (7) is provided for at least one of the two parts (3,4) and an insulating layer (5,6) is disposed between the abutment surface (7) and the at least one part (3,4).
  10. Expanding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter bearing (20) is formed by at least one of the parts (3,4).
  11. Expanding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the two parts is a heating element (3,4).
  12. Arrangement (100) comprising several expanding devices (1) disposed behind or next to one another according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning elements (21) of the individual expanding devices (1) are formed by a common tensioning element (102).
EP01112337A 2000-06-02 2001-05-19 Spring-mounted spreading device, especially for heating elements Expired - Lifetime EP1168887B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10027340A DE10027340C2 (en) 2000-06-02 2000-06-02 Retensionable expanding device
DE10027340 2000-06-02

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EP1168887A1 EP1168887A1 (en) 2002-01-02
EP1168887B1 true EP1168887B1 (en) 2005-08-17

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EP01112337A Expired - Lifetime EP1168887B1 (en) 2000-06-02 2001-05-19 Spring-mounted spreading device, especially for heating elements

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EP (1) EP1168887B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10027340C2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTO20030262A1 (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-05 Fiat Ricerche LOCKING DEVICE WITH SHAPE MEMORY ACTUATORS.
US20060113810A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Sidler Inc. Modular overhead console assembly for a vehicle
EP3197567A4 (en) * 2014-09-23 2018-05-23 The Reliable Automatic Sprinkler Co., Inc. Fire prevention sprinkler with wrench boss detent and clip, and method of manufacturing same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1030796A (en) * 1967-06-16 1966-05-25 Ft Products Ltd Improvements in and relating to fasteners
US3940591A (en) * 1974-07-01 1976-02-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Self-regulating electric heater
DE3914897A1 (en) * 1989-05-05 1990-11-08 Productech Gmbh Heater with compensation for longitudinal expansion of body - has one or more leaf springs affording flexible connection from current supply conductor to expansive element
FI894671A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-04-04 Erkki Rinne ADJUSTMENT OF MEASURES.
US5256857A (en) * 1990-08-22 1993-10-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Finned PTC air heater assembly for heating an automotive passenger compartment
US5127780A (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-07-07 Kennametal Inc. Expandable holding device using a fusible alloy
US5194717A (en) * 1990-10-18 1993-03-16 Tecumseh Products Company Bracket for mounting a crankcase heater
EP0716982B1 (en) * 1994-12-14 1999-09-15 Fokker Space B.V. System for holding together and separating parts of a construction
US5630671A (en) * 1995-08-31 1997-05-20 The Torrington Company Locking device for a bearing assembly
US5771742A (en) * 1995-09-11 1998-06-30 Tini Alloy Company Release device for retaining pin
US5674027A (en) * 1995-11-20 1997-10-07 Applied Research Associates, Inc. Exaggerated actuation and bearing-free rotational mobility in smart hinges
DE19635177A1 (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-05 Job Lizenz Gmbh & Co Kg Thermal release device, especially for fire protection systems

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US6369368B2 (en) 2002-04-09
EP1168887A1 (en) 2002-01-02
DE10027340A1 (en) 2002-01-31
DE10027340C2 (en) 2002-07-04
DE50107096D1 (en) 2005-09-22
US20010047991A1 (en) 2001-12-06

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