EP1146180A1 - Process for constructing a concrete floor element and concrete floor element - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves making rigid support elements by inserting a reinforcement frame (A) with at least one upper flange (8) and at least one lower flange (9) connected by diagonals (10) to define penetration faces (11) in a mould. Mould cores are inserted in the through the penetration faces and concrete is poured into the mould. The mould cores are removed. The support elements are inserted in a shell and a concrete shell plate is cast. An Independent claim is included for a concrete roof element made using the method.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a Concrete ceiling element and a concrete ceiling element.

A concrete ceiling element is known from EP 0 949 387 A1, in which a plurality of carrier elements partially in one Formwork panel are cast in. The carrier elements exist made of concrete, which can be reinforced. Because of the use of Such support elements have concrete for the production of the support elements a particularly high bending stiffness. In connection the formwork panel can be used as a concrete ceiling element be produced, which in turn a has extremely high bending stiffness. Such concrete ceiling elements need before applying the site concrete layer not supported or subjugated. That saves costs and accelerates construction progress.

For the production of such concrete ceiling elements, EP 0 949 387 A1 stated that the carrier elements are initially separate be made by casting. Then one Most of the support elements in a formwork or form base and then cast on the concrete formwork panel. Especially about the production of armored support elements nothing is stated in EP 0 949 387 A1.

DE 37 14 581 C2 describes a process for the production of Concrete ceiling elements known. Liquid concrete is poured in cast a formwork and then put the reinforcement on and essentially by shaking into the required Situation. Such. Concrete ceiling elements are not particularly rigid. To one by pouring the on-site concrete Preventing unwanted deflection is one Subjugation of such concrete ceiling elements required. This Measure is time and cost consuming.

To counteract this disadvantage it is from GB 1 284 402 known, concrete ceiling elements with concrete struts or support elements to brace. The carrier elements become integral molded with the concrete formwork panel. That requires provision a form that is complex to manufacture. It has to be for everyone desired dimension of such a concrete ceiling element special form. It is expensive.

EP 265 301 describes a method for producing a reinforcement-free precast concrete known. In doing so, Making breakthroughs in a mold one by one mold cores retracted and after the concrete has hardened one after the other pulled out again.

The object of the invention is to be as universal as possible and cost-effective method for producing a concrete ceiling element specify. Another goal is to have a concrete ceiling element to indicate with which without the provision of a subjugation a concrete ceiling can be produced.

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 17 solved. Appropriate configurations result from the Features of claims 2 to 16 and 18 to 23.

a) Herstellen eines Armierungsgerüsts, bei dem mindestens ein Obergurt und mindestens ein Untergurt mit Diagonalen derart verbunden sind, daß von den Diagonalen Durchgriffsflächen begrenzt werden,

b) Einsetzen des Armierungsgerüsts in eine Form,

c) Einfahren von Formkernen durch die Durchgriffsflächen,

d) Eingießen von Beton in die Form und

e) Herausziehen der Formkerne und Entformen,

und folgenden weiteren Schritten:

f) Einsetzen der nach den Schritten lit. a bis lit. e hergestellten Trägerelemente in eine Schalung und

g) Angießen der Beton-Schalungsplatte.

According to the invention, a method for producing a concrete ceiling element is provided, in which a concrete formwork panel is provided with rigid support elements, with the following steps for producing the support element:

a) Manufacture of a reinforcement structure in which at least one upper chord and at least one lower chord are connected with diagonals in such a way that penetration areas are delimited by the diagonals,

b) inserting the reinforcement structure into a mold,

c) inserting mold cores through the penetration surfaces,

d) pouring concrete into the mold and

e) pulling out the mold cores and demolding,

and the following further steps:

f) insertion of the lit. a to lit. e manufactured support elements in a formwork and

g) Casting on the concrete formwork panel.

The proposed method allows simple, quick and inexpensive way of manufacturing concrete ceiling elements. Another major advantage is that under Use of the concrete ceiling elements according to the invention Concrete ceiling made without the provision of subjugation can be. The carrier elements can be prefabricated become. In particular, carrier elements of different types can be used Lengths, e.g. in increments of 10 cm, be kept in stock. If necessary, there are Support elements for the production of concrete ceiling elements immediately available.

The diagonals are advantageously spot welded, Binding or using connectors with the Upper and lower chords connected. Since the reinforcement frame with When concrete is poured, there is no need for a connection at every point of contact of the diagonals with the upper or To produce the lower chord. This further saves costs.

It is advisable that before step lit. b Means for adjustment of the reinforcement scaffold are introduced into the mold. It can e.g. are cones that are in front of the Insert the reinforcement scaffold into the mold and the armoring scaffold in a predetermined position hold. Furthermore, before step lit. b spacers be attached to the reinforcement scaffold. With a corresponding Design of the spacers can on the means for Adjustment of the armoring scaffold can also be dispensed with.

The reinforcement scaffold can be designed according to a design feature hanging on portions of the Diagonals are kept in shape. In this case both on means for adjustment and on spacers to be dispensed with. The proposed method variant allows a particularly cost-effective production of the concrete support element.

On the floor and / or on at least one of the longitudinal walls Projections to form grooves and / or recesses on Carrier element may be provided. The protrusions can be rectangular or in the form of a truncated cone. They extend each over the entire height of the longitudinal wall / walls and / or the entire width of the floor. With a such a form can be made support elements whose Indentations corresponding to the top of the projections having. Such depressions are used to insert reinforcement grids. Furthermore, can be manufactured in such a form Carrier elements also have depressions on their longitudinal walls and / or have grooves. The depressions and grooves run essentially vertical. The grooves are used for receiving of thrust plates. The depressions form with one later poured on-site concrete a toothing, which shear forces, especially transverse shear forces.

The reinforcement frame can be inserted into the mold that the mold cores from a longitudinal wall of the mold through the Passage surfaces are movable. But it can also be in the Mold are used that the mold cores from a floor or an opening of the form forth through the penetration surfaces are movable. The latter alternative is then preferred if quick demoulding is required. The dimensional stability of the support element is in a vertical and extending the mold cores higher.

Expediently protrude over the lower flange Sections of the diagonals in an inserted state a second longitudinal wall adjacent immersion. This allows the protruding sections to be cast around easily prevented. The floor or a longitudinal wall the shape can also be formed from a grate and the reinforcement frame can be inserted into the mold that the protruding portions of the lower flange Grip diagonals through the grate. This variant is suitable especially when using concrete with a consistency, which is a flow of concrete through the grate not allowed.

According to a further design feature, it is provided that the concrete is compacted after it is poured into the mold. To the shape can be recorded on a vibrating table. As However, concrete can also be used with self-compacting flow concrete become. In this case, it is not necessary to use the concrete compact by shaking. It is also possible that the concrete a soil-moist consistency when poured into the mold Has. In this consistency there is a very quick solidification of the concrete. De-molding can be short Time after pouring the concrete. It can also Shotcrete can be used, possibly also an injection molding immersion process. Instead of the reinforcement scaffold, too Concrete with steel fiber addition can be used.

According to a particularly advantageous design feature demoulding immediately after compression, whereby the concrete has a still moist consistency. The demolding can be done after the shaking. The proposed rapid demolding leads to rough training the walls of the support elements. This makes one special good and intimate connection with the local concrete achieved.

It has proven useful that the form in one cross-section running parallel to the transverse walls essentially is rectangular. Such a cross section enables a high degree of filling of the form with reinforcing iron. In addition, the reinforcement scaffold can also be Cross-section are rectangular, which is its bending stiffness further increased.

According to a further design feature, it is provided that for demolding at least one longitudinal wall and the transverse walls together with the mold cores moved relative to the bottom of the mold become. The movement is essentially vertical. The with the projections or doublings provided longitudinal wall / walls is / are expediently to be demolded into a moved essentially horizontally.

According to a further design feature, it is provided that the mold cores are simultaneously retracted through the penetration surfaces and / or pulled out at the same time. It has have shown that in particular the simultaneous pulling out the mold cores an improved dimensional stability of the manufactured Carrier element results.

The support elements are expedient after removal from the mold heated to a temperature in the range of 30 to 40 ° C. Such heating can take place in a hardening chamber. The Stopping times are usually 8 to 24 hours.

The formwork has a further embodiment a, preferably circumferential, projection to form a preferably designed in the manner of a circumferential groove, Recess in the front wall of the concrete formwork panel. Such a recess serves to accommodate fitting elements. The groove can have different shapes. It can be suitable be for receiving rectangular in cross-section, square or triangular fitting elements. Such Fitting elements contribute to the fact that the undersides lie against each other Concrete ceiling elements lie on one level. It will an edge offset of adjacent concrete ceiling elements avoided.

At least the edge and parallel to the edge of the concrete formwork panel arranged support elements can at least another breakthrough in using an agent for Have compensation for an edge offset. In this case becomes the support element in the production of the concrete formwork panel so held or supported in the formwork, that the further breakthroughs are the same distance from each other Have the bottom of the formwork. The further breakthroughs can e.g. be designed in the form of slots or elongated holes. By making further breakthroughs the same decency to the ground the formwork, it is guaranteed that when inserting of the means to compensate for the edge offset, the adjacent Concrete ceiling elements are adjusted so that their Bottom sides lie in one level. With the means of compensation the edge offset can e.g. around a thorn and a Counterpart with a conical shape corresponding to the mandrel Act recess.

According to a further measure of the invention is in a generic Concrete ceiling element provided that at least the edge Carrier elements further breakthroughs for inserting a Have means to compensate for an edge offset and that the further breakthroughs are each at the same distance from an underside of the concrete formwork panel are arranged.

The exact arrangement of the further breakthroughs in relation to Underside of the concrete formwork panel enables an exact and offset-free adjustment of the concrete ceiling elements.

At the top of the support elements can be in regular Intervals recesses for inserting a reinforcement grid be provided. In this case, the top of the support elements as a surface for removing an applied local concrete layer be used. It can be done in a simple way a flat floor of a concrete ceiling can be produced.

According to another design feature, can be in the side walls the carrier elements in opposite one another Arrangement of vertical grooves for inserting thrust plates be provided. Such thrust plates are used advantageously Way of absorbing transverse shear forces. After another The side walls of the support elements can also be configured Projections to form a shear toothing with the local concrete exhibit.

One end wall of the concrete formwork panel can have at least one Recess, preferably in the manner of a circumferential groove, for Have inclusion of fitting elements. The fitting elements can be glued into the recess. The fitting elements are corresponding trained to groove. They serve as a supplement or also as an alternative to the means for compensating edge misalignment also for exact and offset-free adjustment adjacent concrete ceiling elements.

According to further design features, the upper edges are the Concrete formwork slanted. This enables it to flow in of the on-site concrete in the area of the joint and its fixation. The walls of the support elements are preferably rough educated. So a particularly firm and intimate connection can be achieved with the local concrete.

In a device for performing the invention Procedure, is a box-like shape from one floor, two opposite longitudinal and two transverse walls are formed, wherein a plurality of mold cores arranged side by side at the same time in and out of the space enclosed by the form are extendable. This can be done in a particularly efficient manner the inventive method can be realized.

According to an expedient embodiment, the mold cores are by means provided in the floor or in one of the longitudinal walls Breakthroughs retractable and extendable. You can also go to the opening of the mold immersed in the longitudinal and transverse walls become. The mold cores can be round in cross section, after a kind of an oblong hole, rectangular, triangular or be trapezoidal. Has been particularly useful it has been found that the corners of the rectangles, triangles or Trapezoids are rounded. This makes it easier to pull out the Mold cores and further increases the bending stiffness of a manufactured carrier element. A longitudinal wall or the floor can be designed as a grate, so that the extensions of the Reinforce the scaffolding in the inserted state through the grate.

On the inside of the longitudinal walls and / or on the floor Projections may be provided at regular intervals. With that in a simple way depressions on the top and / or the Long sides of the support element can be produced. Such depressions are suitable for inserting reinforcement grids. Furthermore the top serves as a contact surface for a puller rail for removing a local concrete layer.

It is also expedient that one on a second longitudinal wall adjacent doubling is provided, the thickness of which is greater or equal to the distance of the protruding beyond the lower chord Extensions is. The doubling can be made of polystyrene or from a variety of elastic fastened to the longitudinal wall Slats or knobs can be made.

The concrete ceiling element according to the invention can also be prestressed his. It can be used for the production of the carrier element uses a shape with a given curvature become. However, it is also possible to recreate the reinforcement framework pre-stressed in the mold and this in the pre-stressed Pour concrete in condition. - Prestressed support elements are ideal for the production of concrete ceiling elements, with spans of more than 7 m can be realized without subjugation.

Fig. 1a

eine Draufsicht auf eine Form in einem ersten Zustand,

Fig. 1b

eine Querschnittsansicht nach Fig. 1a,

Fig. 2a

eine Draufsicht auf die Form nach Fig. 1a in einem zweiten Zustand,

Fig. 2b

eine Schnittansicht nach Fig. 2a,

Fig. 3a

eine Draufsicht nach Fig. 1a in einem dritten Zustand,

Fig. 3b

eine Schnittansicht nach Fig. 3a,

Fig. 4

eine Querschnittsansicht durch die Form mit einem Armierungsgerüst in erster Position,

Fig. 5

eine Querschnittsansicht durch die Form mit einem Armierungsgerüst in zweiter Position,

Fig. 6

eine Querschnittsansicht durch die Form mit einem weiteren Armierungsgerüst,

Fig. 7a - i

schematische Armierungsgerüstgeometrien,

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Betonstrebe,

Fig. 9

die Herstellung eines Deckenelements,

Fig. 10

die Herstellung einer Betondecke,

Fig. 11

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht des Randbereichs zweier aneinanderliegender Beton-Deckenelemente,

Fig. 12

eine Draufsicht auf zwei aneinanderliegende Beton-Deckenelemente,

Fig. 13

eine Schnittansicht gemäß der Schnitt-Linie A-A' in Fig. 12,

Fig. 14

eine Draufsicht auf ein weiteres Beton-Deckenelement,

Fig. 15

eine Seitenansicht eines Schubblechs und

Fig. 16a - f

verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Trägerelementen in schematischer Seitenansicht.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it

Fig. 1a

a plan view of a mold in a first state,

Fig. 1b

2 shows a cross-sectional view according to FIG. 1a,

Fig. 2a

1 a top view of the mold according to FIG. 1 a,

Fig. 2b

2 shows a sectional view according to FIG. 2a,

Fig. 3a

1 a in a third state,

Fig. 3b

3 shows a sectional view according to FIG. 3a,

Fig. 4

2 shows a cross-sectional view through the mold with a reinforcement structure in the first position,

Fig. 5

2 shows a cross-sectional view through the mold with a reinforcement structure in the second position,

Fig. 6

2 shows a cross-sectional view through the mold with a further reinforcement frame,

7a-i

schematic reinforcement framework geometries,

Fig. 8

a perspective view of a concrete strut,

Fig. 9

the manufacture of a ceiling element,

Fig. 10

the production of a concrete ceiling,

Fig. 11

1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the edge area of two adjacent concrete ceiling elements,

Fig. 12

a plan view of two adjacent concrete ceiling elements,

Fig. 13

3 shows a sectional view along the sectional line AA 'in FIG. 12,

Fig. 14

a plan view of another concrete ceiling element,

Fig. 15

a side view of a thrust plate and

16a-f

different embodiments of carrier elements in a schematic side view.

1 to 3 are top views and sectional views a shape shown in different states. The cross section rectangular shape has a first 1 and a second longitudinal wall 2, a first 3 and a second transverse wall 4 and a bottom 5. The bottom 5 has openings provided, through which mold cores 6 pass. The in Cross-section triangular shaped cores 6 are on a Carrier plate 7 added. Are on the support plate 7 also the transverse walls 3, 4 and the first longitudinal wall 1 attached. The carrier plate 7 is vertical relative to the bottom 5 movable.

The shape is one of an upper chord 8, two lower chords 9 and the upper 8 diagonals connecting the lower chords 9 10 manufactured reinforcement scaffold A added. From the diagonals 10, a penetration area 11 is limited. Further Limitations of the penetration areas 11 form the upper 8 and the lower chords 9. The mandrels 6 penetrate the penetration surfaces 11. The diagonals 10 point over the lower chords 9 protruding extensions 12. The extensions 12 dive in first recesses 13, which in one on the second longitudinal wall 2 provided doubling 14 incorporated are. The doublings 14 can e.g. made of polystyrene be made. They can also be made of an elastic material like rubber or a variety of rubber pins or lamellas be educated. The doubling has the purpose of one To prevent casting around the extensions 12.

On the inside of the first longitudinal wall facing the molding space 1 protrusions 17 are attached at regular intervals. The projections 17 have a rectangular profile here. The profile can also be frustoconical. The width of the projections is expediently about 50 mm; whose height is 40 to 60 mm. The amount depends on the Thickness of the reinforcement mesh, which in through the protrusions 17 recesses formed on the top O of the concrete strut should be inserted. Care must be taken that the Always cover the reinforcement mesh with local concrete at least Is 30 mm.

The cross section of the mold cores 6 is adapted to the shape of the Pass-through surface 11. Pass-through surface 11 can, for example, also be trapezoidal. In this case, too Mold cores 6 are trapezoidal in cross section. The geometry and the strength of the reinforcement scaffold is accordingly adapt. The corners of the mandrels can preferably be rounded (not shown here).

For demoulding, the second longitudinal wall 2 can be horizontal Direction to be moved. The first longitudinal wall 1 and the Cross walls 3, 4 together with the support plate 7 can be relative be moved vertically to the floor 5.

For the production of a rigid concrete strut B or one Carrier element is the reinforcement structure A in the form inserted that the mandrels 6 the penetration surfaces 11th reach out. Then the mold with the second longitudinal wall 2 laterally closed. The extensions 12 engage in the recesses 13 a. Reinforcement scaffold A can be used here (not here spacers shown. Then will Poured concrete 15 into the mold. That is in Figs. 2a and 2b shown.

The shape can be on a vibrating table (not shown here) be included. After pouring the concrete 15, this is compacted by shaking. When using pre-compressed Concrete 15 can also do without the vibrating process become.

After a setting time of about two to five minutes the second longitudinal wall 2 from the mold in a horizontal direction pulled away (not shown here). Then the Carrier plate 7 with the mold cores 6 attached to it Transverse walls 3, 4 and the first longitudinal wall 1 opposite the floor 5 moved down. The carrier element B is then removed from the mold. It can be lifted off the floor 5 and transported away. The shape stands for the production of the next support element B available. The removal of the longitudinal walls or also the entire demolding process can also be carried out immediately after Shake. In this case, the walls of the concrete strut B roughly trained. The rough formation of the walls contributes to an improved connection with the local concrete. 4 shows a further shape in cross section. Here is a pin 16 for adjusting the armoring scaffold the support plate 7 attached. The pin 16 passes through one corresponding breakthrough in the bottom 5. On the free end of the pin 16, the upper chord 8 of the armoring scaffold A is supported. The extensions 12 also dip into the recesses 13 a.

A third form is shown in FIG. Here is the carrier plate 7 arranged vertically. It is relative to the second Longitudinal wall 2 slidable. The attached to the support plate 7 Mold cores 6 pass through corresponding openings (not shown here) of the second longitudinal wall 2. The bottom 5 has further openings through which the extensions 12 reach out.

In Fig. 6, the bottom 5 is designed as a grate. The reinforcement framework A only consists of an upper 8 and a lower flange 9, which is connected by means of diagonals 10 are.

7a-g show schematic cross sections of the invention manufactured carrier elements B, these differ designed reinforcement frameworks A. It can use reinforcement scaffolds with one, two or three upper and 8 Bottom straps 9 are cast. Depending on the requirements of the Bending stiffness of the support elements B can the reinforcement frameworks A in cross section e.g. also rectangular his.

The support element B shown in FIG. 7g can also be of the same size Cover or as a cover for holding walls to be used. In the carrier element according to Fig.7i, the Longitudinal walls in cross-section a groove. Such Grooving further increases the flexural rigidity of the Carrier elements B at. 7h is the cross section of the carrier element B designed like a truncated cone. A Such cross-sectional shape can be particularly easily with on-site concrete pour around.

A carrier element according to the invention is shown in perspective in FIG shown. An upper side O of the carrier element B points in recesses 18 at regular intervals. The depressions 18 have a depth of more than 30 mm. The depth is preferably 40 to 60 mm. The length of the depressions 18 is chosen so that a reinforcement grid is completely in the depressions 18 of the carrier element B engage. Over a The underside U protrudes the extensions 12.

The production of a concrete ceiling element is shown schematically in FIG shown. For the production of the concrete ceiling element are first distributors 19 in a box shape 20 inserted. The manifolds 19 are with (not shown here) Provide spacers. The arrangement of the distributors 19 as well as the spacer is decisive for the Recording the weight and adjusting the support elements B. The carrier elements B are perpendicular to the distributors 19 arranged. They lie with their underside U on the distributors 19 on. Any projections 12 provided are not sufficient to the bottom of the formwork or box shape 20.

10 schematically shows the production of a concrete ceiling shown using the concrete ceiling element according to Fig. 9. The concrete ceiling elements according to the invention can without subjugation be placed on the floor to be spanned. Subsequently reinforcement mesh 21 are so on the concrete ceiling elements placed in the recesses 18 of the Carrier elements B come to rest. The reinforcement mesh 21 are expediently placed so that they have several concrete ceiling elements overlap. Then pour on the site concrete layer. The site concrete layer is by means of a Pulled off the puller rail, being the contact surface of the puller rail the top O of the support elements B is used.

The carrier element B according to the invention is suitable for production of precast concrete wall systems, special constructions, Beam ceilings, π slab elements and beams.

11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the edge region two adjacent concrete ceiling elements. The edge support elements of the concrete ceiling elements are each with the reference numeral 22, the cast concrete formwork panels designated by reference numeral 23. How can be seen in particular in conjunction with FIG. 13, the carrier elements 22 or B can have openings 24, which is primarily an inflow and an intimate interlocking enable with the on-site concrete. Further breakthroughs are in the form of cylindrical holes 25a or elongated holes 25b educated. The edge support elements 22 are preferred designed in such a way that when the concrete ceiling elements are juxtaposed a hole 25a approximately in the middle of an elongated hole 25b of the support element 22 of the opposite concrete ceiling element opposite. That enables the means to compensate for an edge offset of an underside U ' Concrete ceiling elements even with a lateral offset Install concrete ceiling elements.

The further openings 25a and 25b have lower surface sections on which is near the bottom of the concrete formwork panel to find oneself. A distance Ab between the further openings 25a and 25b or their lower surface sections is chosen so that it is at least in the marginal Support elements 22 is always the same size. The production an equal distance Ab can be provided suitable holding devices for receiving the marginal Support elements 22 when casting on the concrete formwork panel 23 can be achieved. Such holding devices can e.g. firmly be connected to the bottom of the formwork and have stud bolts, which engage in the further openings 25a and 25b. This is how to create a constant distance Guaranteed from. This measure contributes to the fact that a possibly occurring edge offset of the underside U ' can be reliably balanced. The means of compensation of the edge offset can result from a tapered Bolt 26 and one with a corresponding conical Recess provided counterpart 27 exist. The counterpart 27 is preferably inserted into the cylindrical hole 25a. The bolt 26 is through an opposite slot 25b inserted and driven into the counterpart 27. An existing one Offset of the undersides U of the adjacent concrete formwork panels 23 is thereby compensated.

Another means (not shown here) to compensate for the Edge misalignment consists of a metal rod, which through the further openings 25a and 25b is inserted. The metal bar is provided with two continuous threaded holes for adjusting screws. The adjustment screws reach through the threaded holes. They are based on the top of the concrete formwork panel 23 in the area between whose side edge and the edge support element 23. By means of their adjusting screws, the top of the concrete formwork panel can be 23 pressure is exerted so that their Marginal area slightly to compensate for an edge offset is bent down.

An end face 28 of the concrete formwork panels 23 can also have at least one second recess 29. The second Recess 29 can be designed in the manner of a groove and extend over the entire length of the end face 28. A front upper edge has an inclined surface S. she Inclined surface S allows local concrete to flow into a formed between the adjacent concrete ceiling elements Gap.

When installing the concrete ceiling elements, e.g. concrete manufactured fitting elements 30 in the second recess (es) 29 can be inserted. The fitting elements 30 can also e.g. by means of an adhesive in the second recess (es) 29 one of the concrete ceiling elements can be attached. That makes it easier the assembly. - The provision of the fitting elements 30 also helps to offset the undersides U ' to avoid the adjacent concrete ceiling elements.

The second recesses 29 and the fitting elements 30 are preferably on the end faces 28 of the concrete ceiling elements be provided that are not parallel to the carrier elements 22 run. With regard to the formation of a distance of one located near the bottom U of the concrete ceiling elements Surface elements of the recesses 29 are on the training of the distance From the further openings 25a and 25b referred. The fitting elements 30 can of course also be made in other geometries. You can in cross section also rectangular, square or triangular his. In the case of the one shown in Fig. 11 in cross section triangular design of the fitting element 30, it is also possible form the second recess 29 so that the long Side of the triangle near the top of the concrete formwork panel 23 arranged and the tip of the triangle to Underside U is facing. The reverse order of the in the second recess 29 inserted fitting element 30 can also be static reasons advantageous.

14 shows a top view of a section of another Concrete ceiling element. The carrier elements 22 point here in an opposing arrangement vertically extending Grooves 31 on. The grooves 31 serve to receive thrust plates 32. The push plates 32 are placed on the concrete before pouring inserted into the grooves 31. Fig. 15 shows such Thrust plate 32, which has holes 33 for the passage of Place concrete is provided.

The grooves 31 can be provided in projections 34. The Protrusions 34 need not necessarily have grooves 31. The projections 34 form similar to the thrust plates 32 with the local concrete a toothing, what transverse shear forces records. A concrete ceiling element designed in this way manufactured concrete ceiling can advantageously can be used without the provision of a ring anchor.

16a to f show embodiments of concrete support elements B. The armoring scaffold A has between the Upper chord 8 and lower chord 9 are arranged in parallel Diagonals 10 formed strand. The parallel ones Diagonals 10 are with each other with stiffening struts 35 connected.

The embodiments shown differ in the Filled with concrete, which is in the form of a circular signature has been identified. The respective choice of the shown Embodiment depends on the required bending stiffness of the concrete ceiling element. The between the Broken line shown above 8 and the lower flange 9 there the level up to which the support elements B in the concrete formwork panel 23 immerse.

Reference list

1

first longitudinal wall

2nd

second longitudinal wall

3rd

first transverse wall

4th

second transverse wall

5

ground

6

Mold core

7

Carrier plate

8th

Top chord

9

Lower chord

10th

diagonal

11

Penetration area

12th

Continuation

13

first recess

14

Doubling

15

concrete

16

Cones

17th

head Start

18th

Depression

19th

Distributor

20th

Box shape

21

Reinforcement mesh

22

edge support element

23

Concrete formwork panel

24th

breakthrough

25a, b

further breakthroughs

26

bolt

27

Counterpart

28

Face

29

Recess

30th

Fitting element

31

Groove

32

Thrust plate

33

hole

34

head Start

35

Stiffening strut

A

Reinforcement frame

O

Top

U, U '

bottom

B

Concrete support element

s

Sloping surface

From

distance

Claims (23)

Method for producing a concrete ceiling element, in which a concrete formwork panel (23) is provided with rigid support elements (B, 22), with the following steps for producing a support element: a) producing a reinforcement frame (A) in which at least one upper flange (8) and at least one lower flange (9) are connected to diagonals (10) in such a way that the diagonals (10) delimit penetration surfaces (11), b) inserting the reinforcement structure (A) into a mold, c) insertion of mold cores (6) through the penetration surfaces (11), d) pouring concrete (15) into the mold, e) pulling out the mold cores (11) and demolding, and the following further steps: f) insertion of the lit. a to lit. e manufactured support elements (B, 22) in a formwork and g) pouring the concrete formwork panel (23). The method of claim 1, wherein before step lit. b Means (16) for adjusting the reinforcement structure (A) in the shape can be introduced. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein before step lit. b Spacers on the reinforcement scaffold (A) are attached. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcement frame (A) hanging over the lower chord (9) protruding projections (12) of the diagonals (10) the shape is kept. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the floor and / or on at least one of the longitudinal walls (1, 2) projections to form grooves and / or recesses are provided on the carrier element (B, 22). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcement frame (A) is inserted into the mold that the mold cores (6) in front of a longitudinal wall (1, 2) Form forth through the penetration surfaces (11) movable are. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcement frame (A) is inserted into the mold that the mold cores (6) from a bottom (5) or one Opening of the mold through the penetration surfaces (11) are movable. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein over the lower flange (9) projecting extensions (12) Diagonals (10) in the inserted state in one at a second longitudinal wall (2) adjacent doubling (14) immersed become. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom (5) or a longitudinal wall (2) of the form of one Rust is formed and the reinforcement scaffold (A) in the Form is used that the over the lower flange (9) protruding extensions (12) of the diagonals (10) Reach through the rust. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shape for compaction was added to a vibrating table and the concrete (15) after pouring into the Form is compressed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein used as concrete (15) self-compacting flow concrete becomes. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the demolding is carried out after compression, as long as the concrete has an earth-moist consistency. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein for demolding at least one side wall and the transverse walls (1, 3, 4) together with the mold cores (6) relative be moved to the bottom (5) of the mold. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the unmolded carrier elements (B, 22), preferably for a duration of 8 to 24 hours, to a temperature of 30 to 40 ° C to be heated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the formwork has a preferably circumferential projection to form a, preferably in the manner of a revolving Groove-shaped, recess (29) in the end face (28) of the concrete formwork panel (23). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least the edge and parallel to the edge of the Concrete formwork panel (23) arranged support elements (22) another opening (25a, 25b) for insertion have a means for compensating an edge offset, the carrier element (22) being manufactured the concrete formwork panel (23) held in the circuit or is supported that the further breakthroughs (25a, 25b) each have the same distance (Ab) to the floor the formwork. Concrete ceiling element in which a plurality of support elements (B, 22) arranged in parallel are poured into a concrete formwork panel (23) such that openings (24, 25a, 25b) provided in the support elements (B, 22) are free, characterized that at least the edge-side support elements (22) have further openings (25a, 25b) for inserting a means for compensating for an edge offset, and that the further openings (25a, 25b) are each at the same distance (Ab) from an underside (U) of the Concrete formwork panel (23) are arranged, Concrete ceiling element according to claim 17, wherein at the top (O) the carrier elements (B, 22) at regular intervals Recesses (18) for inserting a reinforcement grid (21) are provided. Concrete ceiling element according to claim 17 or 18, wherein in the side walls of the support elements (B, 22) in each other opposite arrangement vertical grooves (31) for Insert thrust plates (32) are provided. Concrete ceiling element according to one of claims 17 to 19, the side walls of the support elements (B, 22) protrusions (34) to form a serration with the Show site concrete. Concrete ceiling element according to one of claims 17 to 20, one end face (28) of the concrete formwork panel (23) at least one recess (29), preferably after Kind of a circumferential groove, for receiving fitting elements (30). Concrete ceiling element according to one of claims 17 to 21, fitting elements (30) glued into the recess (29) are. Concrete ceiling element according to one of claims 17 to 22, the upper edges of the concrete formwork panel (23) beveled are.

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