EP1137104A2 - Insulation displacement contact for a conductor having a plurality of wires - Google Patents

Abstract

The electrical cable has a outer sheath of insulation (6) and internally there are a large number of closely packed wires. A connection with the cable is made using a double blade contact (10). This has parallel blades that penetrate the insulation and sandwich a large number of wires (4) in secure contact.

Description

The invention relates to an insulation displacement contact for a plurality Wire-containing conductor with a contact knife for contacting the conductor by means of the so-called penetration technique.

In the case of conductor contact using penetration technology, contact is made one or more conductors, for example the conductor of a ribbon cable, with the help of the so-called "piercing". In this contacting process the conductor insulation is penetrated by a contact knife, for example a mandrel or pierced and the contact knife penetrates the conductor. The leader has a bundle of individual wires, in particular so-called stranded wires on.

With such an insulation displacement contact, the contact pressure, i.e. the pressing of the contact knife to the stranded wires, applied through the insulation. This is because, due to its displacement, it pushes through with Contact knife exerts pressure on the contact knife to the stranded wires.

This piercing contact is generally only for currents from some 100mA applied. This contacting technique is for higher currents only suitable to a limited extent. On the one hand, the thermal rises with higher currents Heavy strain on the insulation in particular. At higher temperatures the insulating material, which is usually PVC, soft and "flows" from the Contact knife gone. This will apply the pressure applied by the insulation the contact knife and thus the contact pressure is reduced. This may result to increase the contact resistance between the stranded wires and the contact knife, whereby the temperature at the contact point continues to rise. This further enhances the "flow effect" of the insulation. Because the insulation does not return to its original state reversibly even after cooling, there is this thermal problem with alternating loads as well even when the conductor is under constant load.

Another problem is the occurrence of a short-circuit current in the kA range can lie and flows over the contact point. Such a short circuit current leads to a warming of the contact point, sometimes even kicking Arcs on. This leads to the problems described with regard to the thermal load. On the other hand, the short-circuit current also generates high ones dynamic forces that change the contact point. The contact point is usually destroyed after a short-circuit current occurs. by virtue of The change in the contact point can make the contact resistance so high that despite the provided line protection fuse, there is a risk of a cable fire consists.

The invention has for its object a reliable insulation displacement contact specify.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that with an insulation displacement contact for a conductor having several wires, a number of Wires can be clamped between at least two contact blades.

The main underlying idea is that contact pressure is applied by two metal contact blades and is therefore independent of the conductor insulation is. The provision of sufficient contact pressure will that is, cable properties, especially the properties of the insulation, transferred to the contact knife or to a contacting device that carries the contact knife. By pinching the wires between the contact blades a constant contact pressure is guaranteed, which is a safe and ensures long-term stable contact. This also applies to a thermal Load or when a short-circuit current occurs, because the contact blades do not let the wires pinched between you. this applies especially in the case when the two contact blades are mechanically fixed to one another are connected, either directly via a connecting element or indirectly via a common contact housing.

In a preferred embodiment, the contact blades extend in the contacting state from two sides in the ladder. The contact knives penetrate from opposite sides radially into the conductor. Such contacting on both sides prevents the contact knives from slipping out the conductor, for example due to external forces acting on the conductor, because this is clamped and fixed between the contact blades.

In an advantageous embodiment, as an alternative to contacting on both sides the conductor is contacted on one side by the contact blades, i.e. in which Insulation displacement contacts point the contact blades in the same direction. This allows easy and quick contacting.

To ensure a mechanically firm connection between the two contact blades obtained, they are advantageously connected to one another at the ends via a transverse yoke connected. The contact blades thus extend from the transverse yoke, one forms a common base plate or a common base bridge to theirs free-sided knife tips. The firm mechanical connection ensures the safe and permanent exertion of a sufficiently high contact pressure.

In a preferred embodiment there is a contact element on the transverse yoke, in particular a so-called crimp sleeve. It's easier in the crimp sleeve Possible way, a further conductor with the first conductor by means of a To connect crimp connection conductively. With the crimp connection the other one Conductor is squeezed into the crimp sleeve using an appropriate tool.

In order to damage the wires or strands of the multi-wire conductor if possible To avoid this, the contact blades, especially their cutting edges, run parallel to the wires.

Advantageously, at least one of the contact knives has a beveled on the wire side Cutting area so that when the contact knife is pushed into the conductor the wires from the contact knife with the beveled cutting area displaced towards the second contact knife and thus compressed. This compression or compression of the wires makes them special reliable contact with high contact pressure. Is preferred the contact knife is only bevelled on one side in its cutting area a displacement of the wires to allow the entire width of the contact knife. This effect is of course advantageously enhanced if the two opposite contact knife, between which the wires are clamped are such bevelled cutting areas.

This effect is further appropriately enhanced, if at least one of the contact blades on the wire side tapers towards its cutting area. This also makes the cross-sectional area available for the clamped Wires reduced in the course of contacting and thus the contact pressure elevated. The contact knife is therefore preferably both in its Cutting area as well as in its shaft area to the pinched wires beveled. All contact knives involved are preferably designed in this way.

In an expedient embodiment, the contact blades are in the longitudinal direction of the conductor arranged offset from one another. As a result, the contact pressure does not work more perpendicular but at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the conductor. Because of the staggered The arrangement is particularly simplified for conductors with a small conductor cross section the arrangement of the contact blades, for example on a contact housing.

In a preferred embodiment, the contact blades at least overlap in the state of contact in the longitudinal direction in a partial area, in particular in their shaft areas facing away from the cutting areas. By this overlap is the pinched wires when contacting them original longitudinal alignment pressed into a serpentine course. The wires nestle around the contact blades, which means a high contact pressure is guaranteed for reliable contacting.

Preferably, the partial area is formed by an offset, which in the simplest case can be a punch burr.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one of the contact knives is of this type coiled that it is twisted towards the wires during the contacting process. At the beginning of the contacting process, the contact knife with his First set the cutting area parallel to the wires. When pressing in of the contact knife this twists due to the helical design automatically like a corkscrew and is in the contacting state aligned at an angle to the wires. By twisting the Wires in turn are compressed, so that the contact pressure increases.

Both contact blades are preferably coiled and connected to one another via a transverse yoke connected, in such a way that the complete structure is made up of the both contact blades and the cross yoke due to the coiled training twisted during insertion into the conductor, thereby compressing the jammed wires. If the contact blades are staggered in the longitudinal direction, with the twisting of the contact blades, the wires become serpentine Alignment pushed.

In order to ensure a particularly secure contact, are in an advantageous Design more than two contact blades, in particular three or four, provided.

Fig. 1

eine Querschnittansicht eines Leiters, der einseitig von zwei Kontaktmessern kontaktiert ist,

Fig. 2

eine Querschnittansicht eines Leiters, der beidseitig von zwei Kontaktmessern kontaktiert ist,

Fig. 3

eine Aufsicht auf einen Längsschnitt durch einen Leiter, bei dem die Kontaktmesser unversetzt zueinander angeordnet sind,

Fig. 4

eine Aufsicht auf einen Längsschnitt eines Leiters mit vier Kontaktmessern, die in Längsrichtung des Leiters zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind,

Fig. 5

eine Aufsicht auf einen Längsschnitt durch einen Leiter mit zwei versetzt angeordneten Kontaktmessern, die eine Abkröpfung aufweisen, wodurch die eingespannten Drähte schlangenlinienförmig verlaufen,

Fig. 6

eine Aufsicht auf einen Längsschnitt durch den Leiter mit drei versetzt angeordneten Kontaktmessern, die eine Abkröpfung aufweisen,

Fig. 7

eine Aufsicht auf einen Längsschnitt durch einen Leiter mit zwei zueinander versetzt angeordneten Kontaktmessern mit wendelförmiger Ausgestaltung in ihrer Stellung vor der Kontaktierung und im Kontaktierungsendzustand,

Fig. 8

eine Seitenansicht eines Längsschnitts durch den Leiter gemäß Fig. 6, und

Fig. 9

eine Seitenansicht eines Längsschnitts durch den Leiter gemäß den Figuren 5 oder 7 mit einem angekrimpten weiteren Leiter.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Each shows in schematic representations:

Fig. 1

2 shows a cross-sectional view of a conductor which is contacted on one side by two contact blades,

Fig. 2

2 shows a cross-sectional view of a conductor which is contacted on both sides by two contact blades,

Fig. 3

a view of a longitudinal section through a conductor, in which the contact blades are arranged offset from one another,

Fig. 4

1 shows a plan view of a longitudinal section of a conductor with four contact blades which are arranged offset to one another in the longitudinal direction of the conductor,

Fig. 5

1 shows a plan view of a longitudinal section through a conductor with two staggered contact knives which have an offset, as a result of which the clamped wires run in a serpentine manner,

Fig. 6

a top view of a longitudinal section through the conductor with three staggered contact knives which have an offset,

Fig. 7

1 shows a plan view of a longitudinal section through a conductor with two contact knives arranged in a mutually offset manner with a helical configuration in their position before contacting and in the final contacting state,

Fig. 8

a side view of a longitudinal section through the conductor of FIG. 6, and

Fig. 9

a side view of a longitudinal section through the conductor according to Figures 5 or 7 with a crimped further conductor.

Parts with the same effect are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

1 are 2 wires 4, in particular stranded wires, of a conductor an insulation 6 sheathed. The wires 4 are by means of an insulation displacement contact 8 contacted. Here, a number of the wires 4A is between two Contact blades 10 of the insulation displacement contact running parallel to one another 8 pinched. The contact blades 10 are pin-shaped or spike-shaped formed and each have a cutting area in the area of their knife tips 12 14, which merges into a shaft 16. The two contact knives 10 are firmly connected to one another on the shaft side via a transverse yoke 18. On the cross yoke 18 is a crimp sleeve 20 is arranged.

To contact the conductor 2, the two contact blades 10 are one First pierced through the insulation 6 and inserted into the wires 4, until the contact knife 10 with their knife tips 12 in the opposite Insulation 6 is enough. Part of the wires 4A between the contact blades 10 pinched. This contacting process is part of the penetration technique and is also called "piercing". The cutting areas 14 are conical, so that the wires 4A when inserting the contact knife 10 are pressed together. This leads to a comparatively high one Contact pressure between the contact blades 10 and the wires 4A. The Contact pressure is due to the pinching between the contact blades 10 maintain safe and long-term. In particular, the maintenance the contact pressure is supported by the mechanical connection via the transverse yoke 18. A high contact pressure is decisive for a low contact resistance and therefore a good power line. The low contact resistance is unaffected of thermal influences as well as of a possibly occurring Short-circuit current.

In the conventional contacting method using piercing, there is only one contacting knife intended. This is due to the elasticity of the displaced Insulation 6 of this pressed against the wires 4. The insulation 6 however, pressure applied is very sensitive to thermal stress and in particular it is significantly less than that of the two each other opposite contact blades 10.

Another advantage can be seen in the crimp sleeve 20, which makes it easy a further conductor 22 can be electrically conductively connected to the first conductor 2 can. For this purpose, the further conductor 22 is removed with the aid of a tool Crimp sleeve 20 squeezed.

The one-sided contacting according to FIG. 1 allows quick and easy Handling.

2, the insulation displacement contact 8 initially comprises two of each other separate contact blades 10, each of which has a supporting web or a shaft end Have base plate 24. In contrast to the one shown in FIG. 1 shown only bevelled on one side, namely to the pinched wires 4A oriented. The slope extends across the entire width B. the contact knife 10 in the cutting area 14 subsequent shaft 16 spreads steadily towards the base plate 24. Different in other words: it tapers in the direction of the cutting area 14 Execution of the contact knife 10, the wires 4A of each one the contact knife 10 around the width B of the shaft 16 in the area of the clamped 4A wires pressed together. This creates a high contact pressure generated. The two contact blades 10 are preferably in one, not shown Contact housing mechanically held so that its relative position fixed to each other and the maintenance of contact pressure guaranteed is.

The contacting on both sides according to FIG. 2 prevents the conductor 2 from sliding off from the contact blades 10, for example due to external influences Forces like weight. The conductor 2 is fixed between the base plates 24 held.

3, a plan view of a longitudinal section perpendicular to the contact blades 10, are a number of wires 4A between the two contact blades 10 pressed together and clamped. The contact blades 10 are each other arranged directly opposite. The contact pressure you exercise thus acts perpendicular to the wires 4A. By pressing the pinched wires 4A become these from their rectilinear alignment converted into a curved course.

The distance D1 of the two contact blades 10 from one another is for safety reasons chosen smaller than the inner distance D2 of the insulation 6. This ensures that both contact blades 10 are in contact with the wires 4. The effective cross-sectional area for the power line over the Clamping contact reduced, but this is offset by the safe contact.

From Fig. 4 it can be seen that according to a further embodiment several, namely a total of four, contact blades 10 are provided, which in Longitudinal direction 26 of the conductor 2 are arranged offset from one another. The difference 3, the contact blades 10 are therefore not opposite one another. The forces exerted by the contact elements 10 act in the exemplary embodiment 4 obliquely or diagonally to the individual wires 4A and thereby compress them. The wires 4A are also bent the contact area defined by the contact knife 10. The staggered arrangement the contact knife 10 enables their simple arrangement, for example on a contact housing. Because the staggered arrangement is for yours Attachment to the contact housing creates more space. The increase in Number of contact blades 10 brings about an improvement in contact reliability. The number of contact blades 10 can easily be increased further. A higher number of contact blades 10 is also in a non-offset arrangement possible.

In further exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 5 to 7, the clamped or clamped wires 4A through the contact blades 10 into an S-shaped or meandering course. The clamped Wires 4A or individual conductors are more compact in these figures for the sake of simplicity Line shown and no longer distinguishable individually. All three embodiments has in common that the contact knife 10 in the contacting state overlap in the longitudinal direction 26 in a partial area. This Subarea, hereinafter referred to as overlap 27, is the cause of the serpentine course of the clamped wires 4A.

According to FIGS. 5 and 6, the contact blades 10 point towards one another on this facing end faces an angled portion or an angled portion 30. This then in the simplest case be formed by a punching ridge.

Around the wires 4A during the contacting process in the serpentine To press course, the offset 30 tapers towards the knife tip 12, in such a way that the two contact blades 10 are in the range of Do not overlap knife tip 12. Rather defines the distance between the Knife tips 12, the number of detected and clamped wires 4A.

The difference between the exemplary embodiments of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 is that according to FIG. 5 two contact blades 10 and according to FIG. 6 three Contact knives 10 are provided, and that accordingly the wires 4 according to FIG. 6 by a total of four reversal points 28.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, to form the overlap 27 preferably both contact blades 10 helically in the manner of a corkscrew trained so that when pressed into the conductor 2 towards twist the wires 4. The contact blades 10 are hatched once and once represented as white blocks. The contact knife 10 shown hatched indicate their starting position before actually making contact in which they are aligned parallel to the wires 4. Only when pushing in or The contact blades 10 are screwed into those represented by the white blocks End position automatically transferred by means of a rotation. The pinched wires 4A pressed into the serpentine course. The two contact blades 10 are preferably mechanically directly with each other connected, for example via a transverse yoke 18, as shown in FIG. 1 is. The contact blades 10 accordingly form a transverse yoke 18 of this type uniform component that winds into the conductor 2.

The contact blades 10 shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 can be used both for one-sided Contacting according to FIG. 1 or for contacting on both sides according to Fig. 2 be formed.

8 is a side view of a longitudinal section through the conductor according to FIG. 6 shown, the longitudinal section running parallel to the contact blades 10. It can be seen from FIG. 8 that the two outer contact blades 10 are one have triangular cross-sectional area. The middle contact knife 10 has an essentially rectangular cross-sectional area, which for Knife tip 12 tapers to a point. The three contact blades 10 are over a cross yoke 18 connected to each other. The bend 30 is dashed for illustration shown. It can be seen that the offset 30 from the knife tip 12 spaced starts.

9 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 8 through the conductor according to FIG Fig. 5 or Fig. 7 shown. The two contact elements 10 also have 8 has a triangular cross-sectional area. You are about a Querjoch 18 connected to each other on which several, in total three, Crimp sleeves 20 are attached, in which the further conductor 22 is fastened. The further conductor 22, like conductor 2, has a number of wires 4 or 4 Stranded wires, which are covered by insulation 6.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

ladder

4

wires

4A

pinched wires

6

insulation

8th

Insulation displacement contact

10

contact blade

12

pinch

14

cutting area

16

shaft

18

crosshead

20

crimp sleeve

22

another leader

24

baseplate

26

longitudinal direction

27

Overlap (partial area)

28

turning point

30

bend

B

width

D1

Distance between the contact blades

D2

Insulation clearance

Claims (14)

Insulation displacement contact (8) for a conductor (2) having a plurality of wires (4) with a contact knife (10),
characterized,
that a number of the wires (4A) can be clamped between at least two contact blades (10). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the contact blades (10) in the contacting state extend from two sides into the conductor (2). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the contact blades (10) point in the same direction. Insulation displacement contact (8) according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the two contact blades (10) are connected to one another at the ends via a transverse yoke (18). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to claim 4,
characterized,
that a contact element, in particular a crimp sleeve (20), is arranged on the transverse yoke (18). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the contact blades (10) run parallel to the wires (4). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that at least one of the contact blades (10) has a cutting area (14) which is bevelled on the wire side. Insulation displacement contact (8) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that at least one of the contact blades (10) tapers towards its cutting area (14) on the wire side. Insulation displacement contact (8) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the contact blades (10) are arranged offset to one another in the longitudinal direction (26) of the conductor (2). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the contact blades (10), at least in the contacting state, overlap in a partial area (27) in the longitudinal direction (26) of the conductor (2) in such a way that the clamped wires (4A) are bent approximately in an S-shape. Insulation displacement contact (8) according to claim 10
characterized,
that the partial area (27) is formed by an offset (30). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that at least one of the contact blades (10) is coiled such that the contact blade (10) is turned towards the wires (4A) during the contacting process. Insulation displacement contact (8) according to claim 12,
characterized,
that both contact blades (10) are coiled and connected to one another via a transverse yoke (18). Insulation displacement contact (8) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that more than two contact blades (10) are provided.

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