EP1133815A1 - Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur, et procede pour produire un dispositif de ce type - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur, et procede pour produire un dispositif de ce type

Info

Publication number
EP1133815A1
EP1133815A1 EP99973185A EP99973185A EP1133815A1 EP 1133815 A1 EP1133815 A1 EP 1133815A1 EP 99973185 A EP99973185 A EP 99973185A EP 99973185 A EP99973185 A EP 99973185A EP 1133815 A1 EP1133815 A1 EP 1133815A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support body
segments
commutator
positioning
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99973185A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1133815B1 (fr
Inventor
Armin Wagner
Claudia Wisinger
Dieter Michael Roth
Michael Eigner
Eckhard KÖNIG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kolektor Kautt und Bux GmbH
Original Assignee
Kirkwood Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kirkwood Industries GmbH filed Critical Kirkwood Industries GmbH
Priority to EP05020058A priority Critical patent/EP1608047A1/fr
Publication of EP1133815A1 publication Critical patent/EP1133815A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1133815B1 publication Critical patent/EP1133815B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • H01R39/06—Commutators other than with external cylindrical contact surface, e.g. flat commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/14—Fastenings of commutators or slip-rings to shafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011—Commutator or slip ring assembly

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for turning current, in particular a commutator, and a method for producing such a device.
  • Such devices are used in particular in electric motors and power generators, for example for power tools, actuators or fuel pumps.
  • a plug-in commutator is known from DE 195 30 051 A1, in which the individual commutator segments are inserted into an assembly basket and then with the formation of the support body Molding compound are injected. This is followed by further processing and testing steps in order to meet the requirements for the accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the commutator and for its stability.
  • a commutator for a miniature electric motor and a method for its production are known, in which a desired number of commutator plates are attached to a lateral surface of a core at certain angular ranges with the aid of an adhesive.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of providing a commutator which has a high degree of accuracy with regard to its geometric dimensions and a high long-term stability and is easy to produce.
  • the segments on the support body can be fixed by means of a connecting means arranged essentially between the support body and the segments.
  • the support body is usually made of an electrically insulating material, in particular a plastic such as a thermoset, a thermoplastic or a ceramic.
  • a metallic support body can also be considered, for example made of aluminum, the surface of which is preferably provided with an electrically insulating coating, for example a lacquer coating or a metal oxide layer, which can also be produced by oxidation of the metallic support body.
  • the support body can also be constructed in two or more layers, in particular have an elastic inner hub which is surrounded by a temperature-stable outer shell on which the segments can be fixed.
  • the elastic inner cover provides the necessary press fit for attaching the commutator to the motor axis.
  • the commutator segments generally consist of copper or a copper compound, alternatively other materials can also be considered in accordance with the requirements regarding conductivity, temperature stability and chemical resistance.
  • the connecting means is preferably arranged in layers between the segments and the support body and can, for example, be attachable to the support body and / or to the segments before being fixed.
  • the support body and the segments have cooperating means for positioning and aligning the segments with respect to the support body. These can be realized by point, line or sheet-like projections and corresponding recesses on the support body or on the segments.
  • the segments can have web-shaped projections which can be inserted into corresponding grooves, which are aligned parallel to the axis of rotation, on the peripheral surface of the support body.
  • webs oriented in the radial direction can engage in corresponding recesses or grooves on the associated segment on an end face, or the cylindrical support body can have an axially projecting and preferably have a circumferential continuous projection, which ensures centering of the segment disc to be fixed on the end face, which can then be divided into individual commutator segments which are electrically insulated from one another.
  • the connecting means is an adhesive layer
  • this can be filled with appropriate additives in accordance with the electrical and / or thermal requirements.
  • a ceramic filler can, for example, reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of the adhesive layer.
  • An electrically conductive, in particular metallic filler, for example based on Ag, Cu or Ni, can be used to produce an electrically conductive connection between the segment and the support body, for example if, in the case of a flat commutator, the support body comprises electrically conductive, segment-shaped connecting tracks .
  • the fillers can in particular one
  • the distance between the commutator segments and the support body and thus the thickness of the adhesive layer preferably by means of spherical fillers, in particular glass or ceramic balls.
  • the layer thickness is, for example, between 20 and 250 ⁇ m, preferably between 50 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the layer thickness can also be predeterminable by spacers which are preferably formed in one piece from the support body or the commutator segments, for example by means of correspondingly punctiform, linear or planar projections.
  • the adhesive should be selected or treated in such a way that it absorbs as little moisture as possible after curing, in particular forms a permanent, firm bond with copper and is dimensionally stable even under mechanical and / or thermal stress.
  • the connecting means is a solder or welding layer
  • the commutator has a particularly high temperature stability and chemical resistance.
  • Low-melting soft, hard or glass solders are preferred, for example low-melting lead / tin solders or glass solders with a high proportion of lead oxide.
  • a particularly low connection temperature is achieved by ultrasonic or friction welding.
  • the segments and the supporting body have non-positively interacting anchor and receiving means
  • the segments can be inserted into the supporting body and a sufficiently stable clamp connection is ensured by the resiliently acting anchor and receiving means.
  • the segments can still be fixed on the support body by the connecting means.
  • Both the segments and the support body can have only anchor means or only receiving means or a combination of anchor and receiving means. It is only essential that an anchor or receiving means of the segment interacts with a receiving or anchor means of the supporting body.
  • the segments can be inserted or clipped into the support body in the radial direction, for example in the case of a drum commutator, or can be inserted axially, for example, in a face of the support body in the case of a plan commutator.
  • the segments are positioned and aligned.
  • the means for positioning and aligning preferably extend parallel to the axis of rotation along a circumferential surface or radially to the axis of rotation along an end face of the support body.
  • All suitable shapes can be considered for the means for positioning and aligning, in particular webs with a triangular, square, semicircular or dovetail cross section.
  • Particularly suitable for anchoring are cross-sectional shapes which expand in depth and are in particular provided with a tip for easy insertion.
  • the segments are fixed on the support body by means of a connecting means arranged essentially between the support body and the segments.
  • the support body as a whole can be placed in a connecting agent immersion bath before the segments are fixed.
  • the segments can also be provided with the connecting means at least on their surface facing the support body. If necessary, the surfaces of the support body and / or the segments must be cleaned and / or provided with an adhesion promoter before the connecting means is attached.
  • the surfaces can preferably be conditioned in a vacuum process, for example in an ion or plasma vacuum process. Due to the surface treatment, there is also sufficient aging and corrosion resistance of the connecting layer to the stresses during later use and / or a uniform one
  • Means for positioning and aligning the segments are provided, the shape of which is designed such that positioning and alignment takes place automatically when the segments are fed in, for example by grooves of triangular cross section in the support body, are inserted into the corresponding cross-sectional webs of the segments.
  • the connecting means can be inserted into the groove as an adhesive strand, for example, before being fed in.
  • the connecting means arranged between the support body and the segments can be omitted.
  • the fixing is carried out only by means of the anchor and receiving means arriving at a clamping connection.
  • an adhesive, soldering or welding layer is particularly suitable for this.
  • the maximum temperature during further processing can be briefly up to about 300 ° C.
  • an adhesive layer should be cured at the lowest possible temperature, for example in the temperature range between 50 and 250 ° C., preferably between 170 and 200 ° C.
  • the segments are fed to the support body one after the other, this can be done by gradually rotating the support body about its axis of rotation and piece-wise positioning of the segments or by rolling the support body onto it, for example in a strip composite existing segments.
  • the connection between the support body and the respective segment can either take place immediately after the feeding or finally for all supplied segments together, for example by enclosing the support body equipped with segments with a pressing and / or heating tongs.
  • Fixing the segments on the support body ensures. This can be done, for example, by pressing the segments into the support body, in particular by pushing the anchoring and receiving means into one another, and / or by heating the segments to melt the connecting means and produce a connecting layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a cut-open commutator according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows according to the section II-II of Fig. 1 different
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through a face commutator parallel to the axis of rotation
  • Fig. 4 shows a section through an alternative embodiment of a
  • FIG. 5 shows a view of the end face of the flat commutator of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 6 shows a punched-out flat commutator segment
  • FIG. 7 shows a possible way of mounting the segment of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 shows the manufacturing method in FIG Form of a flow chart.
  • the essentially cylindrical support body 3 which has an axis of rotation 2, preferably consists of a thermoplastic or thermoset, for example of a hollow cylinder made of phenolic resin, which is produced by injection molding.
  • the segments 4 are fixed by means of a connecting means 5 arranged essentially between them and the support body 3, in the present case by means of an adhesive layer made of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin or phenolic resin adhesive layer.
  • an adhesive layer made of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin or phenolic resin adhesive layer.
  • a second commutator segment 4 ' is shown, which has in one piece two armature means 4 "oriented in the radial direction, which not only increase the strength of the fixing of the second segment 4' on the support body 3, but also positioning and Serve alignment of the second segment 4 '.
  • the anchor means 4 engage in corresponding receptacles in the support body 3, which can be formed, for example, by circumferential ring grooves 3 'or circumferential ring shoulders 3".
  • a cone 1 5 formed to simplify pushing the support body 3 onto a (not shown) motor axis.
  • the segment 4a has two parallel to the axis of rotation 2 (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) extending, cross-sectionally triangular webs 4a ', which are either pressed into the support body 3 under the action of force and / or temperature, or which are inserted into correspondingly shaped grooves in the support body 3.
  • the partial image 2B shows a segment 4b with a single central web 4b ', likewise triangular in section and running parallel to the axis of rotation 2.
  • the partial image 2C shows a segment 4c with an anchor element 4c ', which initially runs in the form of a web in section and has an approximately circular thickening in section at its end directed towards the axis of rotation 2.
  • the anchor means 4c ' can extend in a web-like manner parallel to the axis of rotation 2 over part or over the entire axial length of the supporting body 3, or it can be in the form of a point, for example in the form of a mushroom.
  • the anchor means 4c ' engages behind a corresponding recess in the support body 3, which deforms elastically in this area and applies a clamping force to securely fix the segment 4c.
  • the partial image 2D with the segment 4d and the anchor means 4d 'and the partial image 2E with the segment 4e and the cross-section dovetailed anchor means 4e' show two more of the configurations of the anchor means which are almost arbitrarily possible.
  • the anchor means 4f of the partial image 2F which is preferably formed in one piece with the segment 4f, is designed in coordination with the geometry and material so that it initially rests when the segment 4f is pressed into the
  • the support body 3 is deformed and, when fully pressed in, engages behind an essentially T-shaped recess in the support body 3.
  • the partial image 2G shows a segment 4g bent or shaped on its longitudinal sides in the radial direction, the two legs 4g 'either engaging in corresponding recesses in the support body 3 or cutting into them under the action of force.
  • the partial picture 2H shows a segment 4h with a cross-section in the form of an annular segment, which is inserted into a corresponding recess in the supporting body 3.
  • the sub-images 2A to 2H show only a selection of the large number of possible positioning, alignment and anchoring options for the segments 4 on the support body 3
  • Recesses or receiving means can be formed on the segments.
  • the fixing can also take place by means of a connecting layer, for example an adhesive, solder or welding layer.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through a plan commutator 101 with a rotational axis 102 having a support body 103, which also includes electrical connection means 103 ', which are provided for connecting the coil windings to be contacted with the segments 104 fixed on the end face of the support body 103 .
  • the support body 103 consists of an electrically insulating material or at least has an electrically insulating surface
  • the connection between the support body 103 and the electrical connection means 103 ' can be made either by an electrically insulating or by means of an electrically conductive connection layer 103 ", for example by means of an adhesive, solder or welding layer.
  • connection 105 between the electrical connection means 103 'and the segments 104 must be made in any case by means of an electrically conductive connection layer 105, for example by means of a
  • the electrical connection means 103 ' can initially be designed as a copper pot, which is preferably sprayed with a thermoset to form the support body 103.
  • the annular segment disk 104 which is preferably made of carbon or contains carbon, is attached to the support body 103, which is preferably made of carbon, by means of the connection layer 105
  • the electrical isolation of the commutation is then carried out by radial cuts through the segment disk 104 and the end face of the copper pot of the connection means 103 'with respect to the axis of rotation 102 mutator segments.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further face commutator 201 with an axis of rotation 202 and a board-shaped connecting means 203 ', which is part of the support body 203.
  • the connection layer 205 between the connection means 203 'and the carbon disk 204 is electrically conductive.
  • the connecting layer 203 "between the connection means 203 'and the support body 203 can either be electrically insulating or electrically conductive.
  • an alternative embodiment of a copper flat commutator is shown, in which the copper flat segments 403' by means of a electrically insulating or conductive adhesive layer 403 "are fixed on the support body 403.
  • FIG. 5 shows a view of the end face of the face commutator of FIG. 3 from the view VV in the state of not yet determined Carbon disk 104.
  • a keyhole-shaped recess 106 is provided in the front bottom surface of the cup-shaped connecting means 103 ', into which a corresponding pin-shaped or web-shaped projection 107 of a preformed support body core can engage.
  • the connecting means 103 ' can be attached to the preformed support body core by clamping or in addition to the connecting layer 103 ".
  • Fig. 6 shows a punched out flat segment 304 made of copper for a drum commutator, which essentially consists of the actual rectangular segment surface 308, from one narrow side of which two external means for positioning and alignment 309 and a central web 310 protrude, the latter for the Connection of the coil winding is provided.
  • a positioning means 31 1 is also formed on the opposite narrow side.
  • the positioning means 309, 31 1 each have lugs protruding at right angles at their ends. After the segment 304 has been provided with a curvature adapted to the supporting body, the positioning means 309, 31 1 are bent by approximately 90 ° with respect to the segment surface 308 in the direction of the arrow 312, as shown in FIG. 7. The bent positioning means 309, 31 1 engage in corresponding receiving means of the support body 303 and are thereby positioned and aligned. The fixing of the segment 304 to the support body 303 can take place exclusively on the basis of a clamping between the positioning means 309, 31 1 and the support body 303 or alternatively or additionally by means of a connecting layer 305.
  • the support body 303 preferably consists of an elastic core 314, which is used for the clamping action on the segments 304 or the positioning means 309, 31 1 and for the press fit on the (not shown) motor axis provides elastic deformation.
  • the support body 304 has a shape and temperature-resistant outer shell 31 5.
  • a hook 309 ′ is formed by bending again and engages in a corresponding recess in the core 314.
  • the corresponding positioning means 31 1 can also be hooked in a corresponding manner (not shown).
  • the support body and the associated segments are formed in parallel, preferably both the support body and the segments are cleaned by appropriate solvents or cleaning agents before being fed in and an adhesion promoter is applied if necessary.
  • the segments can be supplied to the support body in succession or simultaneously, in any case the segments are aligned and positioned with respect to the support body during the supply. Finally, the segments are fixed to the supporting body by clamping, gluing, soldering or welding. Gluing, soldering or
  • Welding can alternatively or additionally be provided for clamping.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention vise à mettre au point un commutateur présentant une grande précision en termes de dimensions géométriques et une grande stabilité à long terme, tout en étant facile à produire. A cet effet, il est prévu un commutateur (1; 101; 201) comportant un corps support (3; 103; 203; 303) prémoulé, sensiblement cylindrique et comportant un axe de rotation (2; 102; 202; 302), et des segments de commutation ou de commutateur (4; 104; 204; 304) électroconducteurs, qui peuvent être fixés sur le corps support (3; 103; 203; 303) au moyen d'un élément de raccordement (5; 105; 205; 305) monté sensiblement entre le corps support et les segments (4; 104; 204; 304). Ce commutateur se caractérise en ce que le corps support (3; 103; 203; 303) et les segments (4; 104; 204; 304) présentent des moyens (3', 3'', 4''; 4a'; 106, 107; 309, 311) coopérant, pour positionner et aligner les segments (4; 104; 204; 304) par rapport au corps support (3; 103; 203; 303).
EP99973185A 1998-11-27 1999-11-24 Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur, et procede pour produire un dispositif de ce type Expired - Lifetime EP1133815B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05020058A EP1608047A1 (fr) 1998-11-27 1999-11-24 Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19854843A DE19854843A1 (de) 1998-11-27 1998-11-27 Vorrichtung zum Stromwenden, insbesondere Kommutator, und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Vorrichtung
DE19854843 1998-11-27
PCT/EP1999/009061 WO2000033428A1 (fr) 1998-11-27 1999-11-24 Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur, et procede pour produire un dispositif de ce type

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05020058A Division EP1608047A1 (fr) 1998-11-27 1999-11-24 Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1133815A1 true EP1133815A1 (fr) 2001-09-19
EP1133815B1 EP1133815B1 (fr) 2008-11-05

Family

ID=7889275

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05020058A Withdrawn EP1608047A1 (fr) 1998-11-27 1999-11-24 Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur
EP99973185A Expired - Lifetime EP1133815B1 (fr) 1998-11-27 1999-11-24 Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur, et procede pour produire un dispositif de ce type

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05020058A Withdrawn EP1608047A1 (fr) 1998-11-27 1999-11-24 Dispositif de commutation, notamment commutateur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6710500B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1608047A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002532043A (fr)
AT (1) ATE413707T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19854843A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000033428A1 (fr)

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US7908635B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2011-03-15 Tivo Inc. System and method for internet access to a personal television service
DE10226229A1 (de) * 2002-06-13 2003-12-24 Continental Teves Ag & Co Ohg Kommutatormotor, insbesondere zum Antrieb einer Pumpe für eine elektronisch geregelte Kraftfahrzeugbremsanlage
FR2867602A1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-16 Arvinmeritor Light Vehicle Sys Collecteur pour moteur electrique
US7009323B1 (en) * 2004-12-06 2006-03-07 Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. Robust commutator bar anchoring configuration with dove-tailed features
CN101924315B (zh) * 2009-06-16 2014-09-03 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 换向器及其制造方法
CN102201637B (zh) * 2010-03-26 2015-11-25 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 换向器及其制造方法
JP2014039372A (ja) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-27 Asmo Co Ltd 直流モータ
DE102013207887A1 (de) * 2013-04-30 2014-10-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kollektors für eine Kommutierungseinrichtung
CN104158055B (zh) * 2014-07-31 2016-04-06 瑞安市恒丰机电有限公司 换向器的加工方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1608047A1 (fr) 2005-12-21
US6710500B1 (en) 2004-03-23
DE19854843A1 (de) 2000-06-08
WO2000033428A1 (fr) 2000-06-08
ATE413707T1 (de) 2008-11-15
DE59914898D1 (de) 2008-12-18
JP2002532043A (ja) 2002-09-24
EP1133815B1 (fr) 2008-11-05

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