EP1131594B1 - Wärmetauscher für fluiden unter hohem druck - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher für fluiden unter hohem druck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1131594B1
EP1131594B1 EP00922766A EP00922766A EP1131594B1 EP 1131594 B1 EP1131594 B1 EP 1131594B1 EP 00922766 A EP00922766 A EP 00922766A EP 00922766 A EP00922766 A EP 00922766A EP 1131594 B1 EP1131594 B1 EP 1131594B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
tubes
exchanger according
cradle
axial direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00922766A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1131594A1 (de
Inventor
Carlos Martins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Publication of EP1131594A1 publication Critical patent/EP1131594A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1131594B1 publication Critical patent/EP1131594B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0214—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only longitudinal partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0243—Header boxes having a circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/185—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding with additional preformed parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
    • F28D2021/0073—Gas coolers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for extracting heat from a refrigerant fluid in a motor vehicle air-conditioning installation, comprising at least one header box whose interior volume is defined by at least one longitudinal bore formed in an elongate solid body, and is in fluid communication with a row of mutually aligned tubes in the axial direction of the at least one bore, elongate parallel to each other in a first direction substantially perpendicular to said axial direction and having an elongate cross-section, said width of said tubes, in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction and substantially perpendicular to said first direction.
  • the sealing of the fluid communication between the tubes and the internal volume is obtained by means of a cradle in the form of a profiled strip, receiving the body and soldered thereto and on the periphery of the tubes.
  • Such an exchanger is in particular known from the document EP 586,037 . It was also known to use heat exchangers, especially for the extraction of heat from a refrigerant in a motor vehicle air-conditioning system, and more particularly when the refrigerant is one of those which, like CO2, must be subjected to very high pressures, for example several hundred bars.
  • the collector boxes used in conventional air conditioning condensers, comprising a tubular wall formed by one or more sheets rolled, would not withstand such pressures, and a massive piece is required to provide sufficient wall thickness.
  • the ends of the tubes open directly into a bore defining the internal volume of the manifold box, as they do inside the tubular sheet metal wall of the conventional collecting boxes, the high wall thickness of the manifold is added to the size of the tubes in the second direction, increasing the overall size of the heat exchanger.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome this disadvantage, and to reduce the size of the heat exchanger in the second direction, for a given length of the cross section of the tubes.
  • the invention aims in particular at a heat exchanger of the kind defined in the introduction, and provides that the width of said tubes is greater than a diameter of the bore.
  • the figure 1 is a partial exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger for heat extraction at from CO 2 to the supercritical state under high pressure, used as a refrigerant in a motor vehicle air conditioning circuit.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 are views in cross-section and in axial section respectively of the part of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • FIGS 4 and 5 are partial views in perspective of two other heat exchangers according to the invention.
  • the figure 6 is a partial view at the end of the exchanger of the figure 5 .
  • FIGS 7 and 8 are partial views in longitudinal section and side of this same exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger shown on the Figures 1 to 3 comprises a collecting box essentially formed by a solid metal body 1 having externally the general shape of a cylinder of elongated revolution.
  • the body 1 is pierced by a through axial bore 2 which gives it the shape of a thick-walled tube.
  • the body 1 is for example made by extrusion.
  • Transverse slots 3 regularly spaced apart from one another in the axial direction, are formed in the body 1.
  • Each slot 3 is horizontally elongate, as seen in FIG. figure 2 , and opens out of the body at both ends and down over its entire length. Its bottom is also interrupted by the bore 2, which is thus in fluid communication with the slot.
  • Each slot serves to receive the upper end of a tube 4 elongated vertically, as seen in the figures, and having two main faces located in respective planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the body 1 and the bore 2, giving it an elongated cross section from left to right of the figure 2 .
  • Each tube 4 is pierced with a multiplicity of longitudinal channels mutually aligned according to its width (i.e., according to the length of its cross section), these channels defining separate paths for fluid flow.
  • the tubes 4 are mutually aligned in the direction of the axis A, alternately with spacers 6 each constituted by a corrugated strip, the corrugation ridges of a spacer coming into contact alternately with the two tubes which surround it.
  • the width of the tubes is greater than the diameter of the bore 2, so that only the channels 5 located in a median region of this width open directly into the bore 2, while the other channels open into view of the thick wall of the body 1, on both sides of the bore, as can be seen clearly on the figure 2 .
  • the bottom of the slots is at two different levels. On each of the longitudinal sides of a slot, the bottom 7 thereof is at a lower level and forms a stop for the lateral edges of the end of the tube 4.
  • the ends of the slots 3 open out of the body 1, and must therefore be closed to ensure a sealed communication between the channels 5 and the bore 2.
  • the body 1 rests, by the lower half of its surface , in a cradle 10 rolled sheet.
  • Each of the lateral edges 11 of the cradle 10 is provided with a series of teeth 12 which catch on a longitudinal recess 13 provided on the corresponding side of the body 1.
  • the Figures 1 and 3 still show a transverse partition 14 which delimits in the axial direction at least one chamber 15 inside the bore 2.
  • a transverse opening 16 is provided at the lower part of the body 1 to introduce the partition 14 and is filled by that in its final position.
  • One or more transverse partitions may thus be provided to axially limit the internal volume of the header box and / or divide it into different chambers.
  • the cradle 10 has transversely elongate openings 17 of a size just sufficient for the passage of the tubes 4.
  • the cradle is brazed to the body 1, to the tubes 4 and to the partition 14, by means of a solder applied for example on all its concave upper surface, thus ensuring the seal between the bore 2, the slots 3 and the channels 5 on the one hand, and the outside on the other hand.
  • the partition 14 must also be brazed to the wall of the bore 2 to ensure the sealed separation thereof.
  • the Figures 1 and 3 show a tapping 19 provided at one end of the bore 2 for screwing a fluid inlet or outlet nozzle.
  • the lower ends, not shown, of the tubes 4 may be in communication with a lower manifold similar to the upper manifold, as is the case in the heat exchanger shown in FIG. figure 4 , where elements similar to those previously described are assigned the same reference numbers increased by 20, and will not be described again in detail.
  • This second heat exchanger comprises tubes 24 similar to the tubes 4 described above, and two manifolds whose bodies 21 differ from the body 1 in that each of them has not one, but two longitudinal bores 22 whose axes are parallel and located in the same horizontal plane, for a vertical orientation of the tubes.
  • the two bores of each body 21 are therefore separate from each other by an intermediate longitudinal wall 38.
  • Transverse slots 23 similar to the slots 3 are formed in the bodies. The deepest part of each slot therefore defines, in addition to two horizontal ducts 29 each of which connects a bore 22 at the end adjacent to the slot, a horizontal duct 29a interconnecting the two bores, and into which the circulation channels open. 25
  • the channels 25 in the marginal regions of the width of the tube open out beyond the bores 22, that is to say in the ducts 29, as is the case for the heat exchanger of Figures 1 to 3 .
  • a cradle 30 which, in addition to its shape adapted to the width of the body 21, differs from the cradle 10 described above in that the teeth 12 are replaced by flanges 32 protruding towards the longitudinal plane median of the heat exchanger and cooperating over the entire length of the cradle with a corresponding lateral recess 33 of the body.
  • each manifold comprises a solid body 41 of generally cylindrical shape similar to that of the body 1, and traversed like this by a cylindrical axial bore 42 of revolution.
  • Each body 41 is associated with a cradle 50 of stamped sheet metal.
  • Each end of the tubes 44 is capped by a bowl 60 formed by the stamping of the cradle, the bottom 61 of this cuvette fitting in a transverse notch 62 of the body 41, which communicates with the bore 42 and which opens at its ends.
  • An opening 63 passing through the bottom 61 at its center allows the communication of fluid between the bore 42 and the channels 45 of the tube, the sealing of this communication being provided by brazing the bowl by its inner face at the periphery of the tube and by the outer face of its bottom at the notch 62 of the body.
  • each cradle 50 to the corresponding body 41 is achieved by means of tabs 64 belonging to the cradle, arranged in pairs on either side of the body, the pairs of tabs being alternately arranged with the cuvettes 60.
  • tab 64 is turned away from tab 66, that is, upwardly for the upper cradle and downward for the lower cradle, and ends with a cog 65 that protrudes toward the cradle.
  • the axis of the body to cooperate with a longitudinal recess 53 thereof, in the same manner as the teeth 12 of the heat exchanger of the Figures 1 to 3 .
  • transverse partition 54 which is introduced in the same manner as the partition 14 of Figures 1 to 3 by an opening 56 of the body 41 facing the bundle of tubes, to define a chamber 55 in the bore 42.
  • this partition projects beyond the opening 56, to form the starting base of two tabs 66 which extend in the circumferential direction along the body 41 to the recesses 53, on which they cling by end teeth 67 which act in the same manner as the teeth 65.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für die Extraktion von Wärme aus einem Kältemittel in einer Kraftfahrzeug-Klimaanlage, mit mindestens einem Sammler, dessen Innenraum durch mindestens eine Längsbohrung (2) definiert ist, die in einem lang gestreckten, massiven Körper (1) vorgesehen ist, und der in Fluidverbindung mit einer Reihe von Rohren (4) ist, die in der Achsrichtung der Bohrung oder Bohrungen aneinandergereiht sind und sich parallel zueinander in einer ersten Richtung im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Achsrichtung erstrecken und einen lang gestreckten Querschnitt, Weite der Rohre genannt, in einer zweiten Richtung im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Achsrichtung und im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur ersten Richtung aufweisen, wobei die Dichtheit der Fluidverbindung zwischen den Rohren und dem Innenraum mittels eines Hilfsrahmens (10) in Form eines Profilstreifens, der den Körper aufnimmt und an diesen Letzteren und an den Umfang der Rohre gelötet ist, erhalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Weite der Rohre (4) größer als ein Durchmesser der Bohrung (2) ist.
  2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, bei dem sich mindestens ein Ende der Länge des Querschnitts der Rohre (4; 24) längs der ersten Richtung über die Bohrung (20) oder, in der zweiten Richtung, die Gesamtheit der Bohrungen (22) hinaus erstreckt.
  3. Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, bei dem sich ein Zwischenteil der Länge des Querschnitts der Rohre längs der ersten Richtung zwischen zwei Bohrungen (22) erstreckt, wodurch der Innenraum definiert ist.
  4. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem ein Ende jedes Rohrs in einen Schlitz (3) eingreift, der in dem Körper vorgesehen ist, in der zweiten Richtung lang gestreckt ist und an seinen beiden Enden einmündet und dessen Boden durch den Innenraum unterbrochen ist, wobei der Hilfsrahmen so auf den Körper aufgebracht ist, dass er die Schlitze abdeckt und diesen gegenüberliegend lang gestreckte Öffnungen (17) für den dichten Durchgang der Rohre aufweist.
  5. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 4, bei dem jeder Schlitz zwei seitliche Zonen geringerer Tiefe, deren Boden (7) als Anschlag für das Ende des Rohrs dient, und einen tieferen Mittelteil, der einen freien Raum (9) definiert, der mit dem Inneren des Rohrs verbunden ist, aufweist.
  6. Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem ein Ende jedes Rohrs (44) auf fluiddichte Weise in einem tiefgezogenen Napf (60) des Hilfsrahmens (50) in Eingriff ist, dessen Boden (61) seinerseits dicht in einer Quernut (62) des Körpers (41) sitzt und von mindestens einer Öffnung (63) für die Fluidverbindung zwischen dem Rohr und dem Innenraum durchquert wird.
  7. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Körper und der Hilfsrahmen Mittel (12, 13) zum mechanischen Miteinanderverhaken aufweisen.
  8. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 7, bei dem die Mittel zum Verhaken zwei zurückversetzte Abschnitte (13) aufweisen, die sich in der Achsrichtung über die Außenfläche des Körpers, beiderseits einer Ebene, die durch die Achsen der Rohre verläuft, erstrecken und mit Zähnen (12) des Hilfsrahmens zusammenwirken.
  9. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 8, an Anspruch 6 angeschlossen, bei dem jeder Zahn (65) am freien Ende einer Klaue (64) ausgebildet ist, die sich im Wesentlichen in einer Radialebene erstreckt, wobei jede Klaue in der Achsrichtung zwischen zwei Näpfe (60) eingefügt ist.
  10. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Sammler (1) mindestens eine quer verlaufende Trennwand (14) aufweist, die in der Achsrichtung mindestens eine Kammer (15) abgrenzt, die zu dem Innenraum gehört, in Eingriff mit einer Öffnung (16) des Körpers, die durch den Hilfsrahmen (10) abgedeckt ist.
  11. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Sammler mindestens eine quer verlaufende Trennwand (54) enthält, die in der Achsrichtung mindestens eine Kammer (55) abgrenzt, die zu dem Innenraum gehört, in Eingriff mit einer Öffnung (56) des Körpers, über die hinaus sie vorsteht, und die Mittel (67) zum mechanischen Festhaken am Umfang des Körpers (41) trägt.
EP00922766A 1999-04-28 2000-04-27 Wärmetauscher für fluiden unter hohem druck Expired - Lifetime EP1131594B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9905368 1999-04-28
FR9905368A FR2793014B1 (fr) 1999-04-28 1999-04-28 Echangeur de chaleur pour fluide sous pression elevee
PCT/FR2000/001118 WO2000066964A1 (fr) 1999-04-28 2000-04-27 Echangeur de chaleur pour fluide sous pression elevee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1131594A1 EP1131594A1 (de) 2001-09-12
EP1131594B1 true EP1131594B1 (de) 2008-04-09

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EP00922766A Expired - Lifetime EP1131594B1 (de) 1999-04-28 2000-04-27 Wärmetauscher für fluiden unter hohem druck

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6564863B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1131594B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2002543368A (de)
DE (1) DE60038534T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2306660T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2793014B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2000066964A1 (de)

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DE60038534D1 (de) 2008-05-21
JP2002543368A (ja) 2002-12-17
DE60038534T2 (de) 2009-06-10
WO2000066964A1 (fr) 2000-11-09
FR2793014A1 (fr) 2000-11-03
ES2306660T3 (es) 2008-11-16
EP1131594A1 (de) 2001-09-12
US6564863B1 (en) 2003-05-20
FR2793014B1 (fr) 2001-07-27

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