EP1124244B1 - Drehbetätigungsmechanismus für Schaltvorrichtung - Google Patents

Drehbetätigungsmechanismus für Schaltvorrichtung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1124244B1
EP1124244B1 EP20010102773 EP01102773A EP1124244B1 EP 1124244 B1 EP1124244 B1 EP 1124244B1 EP 20010102773 EP20010102773 EP 20010102773 EP 01102773 A EP01102773 A EP 01102773A EP 1124244 B1 EP1124244 B1 EP 1124244B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
rotary
rotary core
fixed core
switchgear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20010102773
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1124244A2 (de
EP1124244A3 (de
Inventor
Toshiharu Yamazaki
Tadashi Tokumasu
Yoshinobu Ishikawa
Shin Murakami
Tetsushi Koshiyama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Publication of EP1124244A2 publication Critical patent/EP1124244A2/de
Publication of EP1124244A3 publication Critical patent/EP1124244A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1124244B1 publication Critical patent/EP1124244B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2263—Polarised relays comprising rotatable armature, rotating around central axis perpendicular to the main plane of the armature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary mechanism for operating switchgear such as circuit breakers and disconnecting switches.
  • switching mechanisms for switchgear are mainly of mechanical type.
  • the mechanical-type switching mechanism accumulates energy in a spring by driving a motor and releases the accumulated energy by unhooking a mechanical catch, to carry out a switching operation.
  • Recently employed switching mechanisms are of electromagnetic actuator type that uses permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils.
  • FIGS 1A to 1C show the structure and operation of a typical electromagnetic actuator mechanism for driving a vacuum valve of one phase of a vacuum breaker. The same mechanism is usable to collectively control the vacuum valves of three phases of a vacuum breaker.
  • any magnetic path or circuit formed by a permanent magnet is depicted with a dashed line and that formed by an electromagnetic coil is depicted with a solid line.
  • the structure has a fixed core 83 and a movable core 84.
  • the movable core 84 is arranged at the center of the fixed core 83 and is linearly movable along an axis of the fixed core 83.
  • a permanent magnet 85 is magnetized substantially perpendicular to the axis of the fixed core.
  • Two electromagnetic coils 86a and 86b surround the movable core 84.
  • the movable core 84 is connected to the vacuum valve (not shown) of the vacuum breaker (not shown) through a movable shaft 88.
  • a wiping spring 89 for applying constant compression force to the contact in a closed or connected state.
  • the breaker is in a disconnected or open state with no current.
  • the magnet 85 forms a magnetic circuit that starts from an inner magnetic pole (N), passes through the movable core 84 and fixed core 83, and reaches an outer magnetic pole (S). Due to the magnetic circuit, the movable core 84 is attracted by a lower face 87a of the fixed core 83, to maintain the open state of the breaker.
  • the closing coil 86b is excited to generate a magnetic field oriented in a longitudinal direction (Z).
  • Magnetic flux from the coil 86b passes through the fixed core 83 and movable core 84 and returns to the coil 86b to form a magnetic circuit depicted with a solid line, which is oriented opposite to the magnetic circuit formed by the magnet 85.
  • the solid-line magnetic circuit cancels the dashed-line magnetic circuit around the lower face 87a of the fixed core 83. This weakens the attraction of the lower face 87a on the movable core 84.
  • magnetic flux density around an upper face 87b of the fixed core 83 increases to strengthen the attraction of the upper face 87b on the movable core 84.
  • the movable core 84 is upwardly attracted to start a closing or connecting operation.
  • the closing operation is just before completion.
  • magnetic flux from the magnet 85 is biased to the upper face 87b to form a magnetic circuit (a dashed line in Fig. 1C ) that is oriented in the same direction as the magnetic circuit of the coil 86b.
  • the magnetic circuits of the magnet 85 and coil 86b enhance each other to upwardly attract the movable core 84 and compress the wiping spring 89, to complete the closing operation.
  • the attraction of the magnet 85 is designed to overcome the resilience of the wiping spring 89 after the completion of the closing operation, so that the movable core 84 is kept attracted to the upper face 87b to maintain the closed state with no current.
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between attraction on the movable core 84 and a stroke of the movable core 84 in a closing operation with upward attraction being positive.
  • a dashed line represents attraction by the magnet 85 alone, and a solid line represents total attraction when the coil 86b is excited in a closing direction.
  • a dot-and-dash line represents the resilience of the wiping spring 89 that originally works in a negative direction Z- but is sign-inverted in the graph.
  • a point A is a disconnected or open position of the movable core 84 where the movable core 84 is attracted to the lower face 87a.
  • the movable core 84 When the coil 86b is excited, the movable core 84 receives resultant upward attraction that is higher than the force of the wiping spring 89, to complete the closing operation at a point B. During the closed state with no current, the attraction C of the magnet 85 alone surpasses the force D of the wiping spring 89, to maintain the closed state.
  • Magnetic paths to be formed during an opening or disconnecting operation are opposite to those of the closing operation.
  • the compressed wiping spring 89 downwardly accelerates the movable core 84, to quickly complete the opening operation.
  • the two coils 86a and 86b serve for the opening and closing operations, respectively. Instead, the coils may be connected in series and may oppositely be excited to achieve the opening and closing operations.
  • the electromagnetic actuator mechanism mentioned above has two advantages.
  • First, the mechanism provides a bistable characteristics by forming two stable magnetic circuits.
  • the mechanism maintains the open and closed positions of a breaker only with the attraction of a permanent magnet, to eliminate a special fixing mechanism or power, reduce the number of parts and costs, and elongate service life compared with mechanical switching mechanisms.
  • Second, the mechanism excites a coil to reduce the attraction of a magnet to start moving the movable core, and at the end of the movement, changes magnetic paths to enhance the attraction of the magnet and compress a spring.
  • the second advantage is an attraction switching function.
  • Document FR 2 666 927 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary mechanism for operating/actuating switchgear that is compact, simple, and capable of carrying out opening and closing operations through rotation, realizes awide scope of application, a bistable characteristics, an attraction switching function, long-stroke opening and closing operations, high reliability, reduced power consumption, high-speed response, and strong holding power.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a rotary mechanism for switchgear, having a fixed core, a rotary core rotatable with respect to the fixed core within a rotation range limited by end positions corresponding to switchgear open and closed positions, a spring unit for accumulating resilience when the rotary core is rotated to any one of the end positions, a permanent magnet for generating magnetic flux to form a closed magnetic path passing through the fixed core and rotary core when the rotary core is rotated to any one of the end positions, the magnetic path generating attraction greater than the resilience of the spring unit, to hold the rotary core at the end position, and an electromagnetic coil for generating, when excited with the rotary core being at one of the end positions, magnetic flux to form a magnetic path oriented opposite to the magnetic path formed by the permanent magnet, the magnetic path formed by the electromagnetic coil weakening the attraction by the permanent magnet lower than the resilience of the spring unit so that the rotary core may be rotated to the other end position where the permanent magnet and electromagnetic coil form magnetic paths oriented
  • the first aspect links the rotation of the rotary core to switchgear opening and closing operations, and therefore, the first aspect is applicable to switchgear that opens and closes contacts through rotation.
  • the first aspect provides a bistable characteristics to maintain an open state or a closed state only with the attraction of the permanent magnet.
  • the spring unit accumulates resilience converted from rotation energy generated by the rotary core. The resilience avoids the rotary core from strongly hitting the fixed core at each end position, thereby improving the reliability of the rotary mechanism. The resilience also serves force for driving the next rotary operation of the rotary core, thereby reducing an excitation current or power for the rotary operation.
  • the first embodiment excites the electromagnetic coil to generate magnetic flux that weakens attraction by the permanent magnet, so that the rotary core may be rotated by the resilience of the spring unit.
  • the magnetic flux of the coil enhances, contrary to the start of rotation, the attraction of the permanent magnet and helps compress the spring unit.
  • This attraction controlling function by the coil as well as the moment of inertia of the rotary core realize long-stroke opening and closing operations.
  • a second aspect of the present invention makes ends of the rotary core be attracted by predetermined parts of the fixed core, respectively, when the rotary core is rotated to any one of the end positions.
  • the second aspect arranges the permanent magnet on part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each end of the rotary core, the permanent magnets being oriented so that their magnetic poles may repel each other.
  • the second aspect arranges the electromagnetic coil to surround the rotary core. At any one of the end positions, the both ends of the rotary core are attracted by the fixed core, to substantially double attraction torque to provide large holding power and capacity.
  • a third aspect of the present invention makes ends of the rotary core be attracted by the fixed core when the rotary core is rotated to any one of the end positions, arranges the permanent magnet on part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each end of the rotary core, the permanent magnets being oriented so that their magnetic poles may repel each other, and arranges the electromagnetic coil around part of the fixed core out of the part where the permanent magnets are arranged.
  • the third aspect widens the space for arranging the coil.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention makes ends of the rotary core be attracted by the fixed core when the rotary core is rotated to any one of the end positions, arranges the electromagnetic coil around part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each end of the rotary core, and arranges the permanent magnet on part of the fixed core out of the part where the coils are arranged, the permanent magnets being oriented so that their magnetic poles may repel each other.
  • Permanent magnets are usually smaller than electromagnetic coils, and therefore, the fourth aspect arranges permanent magnets on part of the fixed core outside the rotation range, to enlarge the angle of rotation.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides the rotary core with an even number of arms.
  • the arms rotate within the rotation range and are attracted by an even number of faces of the fixed core when the rotary core is rotated to any one of the end positions.
  • the fifth aspect arranges the permanent magnet on part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each arm, the permanent magnets being oriented so that their magnetic poles may repel one another, and arranges the electromagnetic coil around each of the arms.
  • the rotary mechanism of the fifth aspect is appropriate for switchgear of small rotation angle and large torque.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention provides the rotary core with an even number of arms.
  • the arms rotate within the rotation range and have an even number of planes attracted by the fixed core.
  • the sixth aspect arranges the permanent magnet on part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each arm, the permanent magnets being oriented so that their magnetic poles may repel one another, and arranges the electromagnetic coil around part of the fixed core out of the part where the permanent magnets are arranged.
  • the sixth aspect of the present invention widens the space for arranging coils.
  • a seventh aspect of the present invention provides the rotary core with an even number of arms.
  • the arms rotate within the rotation range and has an even number of planes attracted by the fixed core.
  • the seventh aspect arranges the electromagnetic coil around part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each arm and arranges the permanent magnet on part of the fixed core out of the part where the coils are arranged, the permanent magnets being oriented so that their magnetic poles may repel one another.
  • Permanent magnets are usually smaller than electromagnetic coils, and therefore, the seventh aspect arranges permanent magnets on part of the fixed core outside the rotation range of each arm, to enlarge an angle of rotation.
  • FIG. 3A through 7 A rotary mechanism for operating switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to Figs. 3A through 7 in which Figs. 3A to 3C are front views showing the structure of the rotary mechanism and magnetic circuits formed by the rotary mechanism, Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of Fig. 3A , and Fig. 7 is a view seen in the direction Y2 of Fig. 6 , showing a connection between the rotary mechanism and a movable shaft of a circuit breaker.
  • a fixed core 51 consists of an upper core 51a and a lower core 51b.
  • Two permanent magnets 5 are sandwiched between the upper and lower cores 51a and 51b.
  • the magnetic poles of the magnets 5 are oriented to repel each other.
  • the upper and lower cores 51a and 51b are coupled together with non-magnetic studs 23.
  • the fixed core 51 accommodates a rotary core 52, which is attracted by faces 26a and 26c, or 26b and 26d of the fixed core 51.
  • the rotary core 52 has a shaft 3 supported by a non-magnetic frame 24 fixed to the fixed core 51.
  • An electromagnetic opening coil 4a and an electromagnetic closing coil 4b are fixed to the fixed core 51 and surround the rotary core 52.
  • the rotation of the rotary core 52 is restricted within a predetermined range of angles by the fixed core 51.
  • the rotary core 52 and shaft 3 are fixed to each other, and the shaft 3 is rotatably supported with the frame 24 fixed to the fixed core 51.
  • An end of the shaft 3 is fixed to a rotatable disk 25 through which torque generated by the rotary mechanism 10F is transmitted to switchgear.
  • the disk 25 is connected to a movable shaft 13 of a circuit breaker (not shown) with a pin 14.
  • the shaft 13 is vertically movable within a range shown in Fig. 7 .
  • the shaft 13 has a flange 13a, and the rotary mechanism 10F has a base 15. Between the flange 13a and the base 15, there is a spring 16.
  • the flange 13a compresses the spring 16 at the end of a switchgear opening or disconnecting operation.
  • the shaft 13 is connected to a vacuum valve (not shown) of the breaker. In a closed or connected state, the shaft 13 compresses a wiping spring (not shown) and maintains the closed state.
  • the rotary core 52 is attracted by the fixed core 51 at one end of the rotation range to establish a switchgear closed/connected state.
  • the rotary mechanism 10F forms two magnetic circuits depicted with dashed lines. Namely, the left and right permanent magnets 5 produce flows of magnetic flux that pass through the upper core 51a, merges with each other in the rotary core 52, again separate from each other in the lower core 51b, and reach the respective magnets 5, to form the two magnetic circuits.
  • the faces 26a and 26c of the fixed core 51 attract each end of the rotary core 52 to produce clockwise torque, which drives the shaft 3 to compress the wiping spring.
  • an opening /disconnecting operation is started by exciting the coil 4a to cancel the magnetic flux of the magnets 5.
  • the rotary core 52 surrounded with the coil 4a passes magnetic flux that cancels the magnetic flux of the magnets 5, thereby weakening torque acting on the rotary core 52.
  • the torque is weakened below the resilience of the wiping spring, the rotary core 52 starts to rotate counterclockwise to start the opening operation.
  • Fig. 3C the opening operation is just before completion. Due to the rotation, the rotary core 52 reversely passes the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5. At this time, the direction of themagnetic flux generatedby the coil 4a is unchanged in the rotary core 52. Consequently, the dashed-line magnetic flux and solid-line magnetic flux of Fig. 3C enhance each other to increase counterclockwise torque at the end of the rotation range of the rotary core 52. Further, the rotational energy of the rotary core 52 is added to the counterclockwise torque, to compress the spring 16 through the shaft 3 and disk 25 and complete the opening operation.
  • the first embodiment is achievable by tentatively dividing the fixed core 51 into four sections at the four faces 26a to 26d and by arranging one magnet 5 between the faces 26b and 26c within the rotation range of one end of the rotary core 52 and the other magnet 5 between the faces 26d and 26awithin the rotation range of the other end of the rotary core 52.
  • FIG. 4A A closing/connecting operation of the rotary mechanism 10F will be explained.
  • the coil 4b is excited oppositely to the opening operation, to achieve the closing operation that is opposite to the opening operation.
  • the rotary core 52 is attracted to one end of the rotation range like Fig. 3C , to establish a switchgear open or disconnected state.
  • the magnets 5 form magnetic circuits depicted with dashed lines. Namely, flows of magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5 pass through the upper core 51a, merge with each other in the rotary core 52, again separate from each other in the lower core 51b, and return to the respective magnets 5, thereby forming the two magnetic circuits.
  • the faces 26b and 26d of the fixed core 51 attract the ends of the rotary core 52, to produce counterclockwise torque, which compresses the spring 16 through the shaft 3.
  • the closing operation is started by exciting the coil 4b in a direction to cancel the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5.
  • the rotary core 52 surrounded with the coil 4b passes magnetic flux that cancels the magnetic flux of the magnets 5, thereby weakening torque acting on the rotary core 52.
  • the torque is weakened below the resilience of the spring 16
  • the rotary core 52 starts to rotate clockwise to start the closing operation.
  • inertial movement/angular momentum relating to moment of inertia mentioned above overcomes friction, to continuously rotate the rotary core 52 up to the other end of the rotation range.
  • Fig. 4C the closing operation is just before completion. Due to the rotation, the rotary core 52 reversely passes the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5. At this time, the direction of magnetic flux generated by the coil 4b is unchanged in the rotary core 52. Consequently, the dashed-line magnetic flux and solid-line magnetic flux of Fig. 4C enhance each other to steeply increase clockwise torque at the end of the rotation range. Further, the rotation energy of the rotary core 52 is added to the clockwise torque, to compress the wiping spring through the shaft 3 and disk 25 and complete the closing operation.
  • This state of Fig. 4C is identical to that of Fig. 3A in which the magnetic circuits formed by the magnets 5 maintain the closed state even after the coil 4b is de-energized.
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the relationship between attraction torque and rotation angle of the rotary core 52 during opening/closing operations with counterclockwise torque being positive.
  • a dashed line represents torque generated by the magnets 5 alone, and solid lines represent total attraction torque for an opening operation (C-F) and a closing operation (G-H).
  • Dot-and-dash lines represent the resilience of the springs with signs thereof being inverted.
  • a point A is a closed state in which torque for attracting the rotary core 52 is greater than the resilience B of the wiping spring.
  • the excitation of the coil 4a decreases the attraction torque on the rotary core 52 to C lower than the resilience of the wiping spring, to rotate the rotary core 52 in the opening direction.
  • the magnets 5 form magnetic circuits that produce clockwise torque to maintain the closed state by the magnets 5 alone.
  • the magnets 5 form magnetic circuits that produce counterclockwise torque to maintain the open state by the magnets 5 alone.
  • the rotary mechanism 10F of the first embodiment thus provides a bistable state.
  • the rotary core 52 is attracted by two faces of the fixed core 51 that are substantially point-symmetric. Namely, the rotary core 52 is attracted by a couple of torque generated by opposing forces. In other words, the rotary core 52 receives attraction torque that is substantially double the conventional one.
  • the coil 4a or 4b At the start of the opening operation, the coil 4a or 4b generates magnetic flux that weakens attraction by the magnets 5. As a result, the rotary core 52 is put in amagnetically unstable state. At the end of the opening operation, the magnetic flux generated by the coil 4a or 4b works to enhance the attraction of the magnets 5. In this way, the coil 4a provides an attraction switching function for the magnets 5. If there are only the magnets 5, they establish a magnetically bistable state.
  • the first embodiment forms all magnetic paths on a rotation plane, to make the rotary mechanism 10F thin.
  • the fixed core 51 or the rotary core 52 may be made of silicon steel plates 17 ( Fig. 6 ) laminated along a rotation axis, to reduce eddy currents and realize high-speed response.
  • the disk 25 fixed to the shaft 3 may optionally be designed to provide required moment of inertia.
  • the rotary core 52 may first be designed to form optimum magnetic paths, and then, the disk 25 may be designed to compensate a shortage in the moment of inertia that is necessary for overcoming friction on the rotary core 52. This ensures the rotary operating mechanism 10F achieving a required long stroke for switchgear opening and closing operations.
  • the shape of the disk 25 is not limited to a circle. It may have an optional shape if it is rotatable and provides required moment of inertia.
  • the first embodiment arranges the coils 4a and 4b on the fixed core 51 to surround the rotary core 52. If the rotating speed of the rotary core 52 is slow, the coils 4a and 4b may be fixed to the rotary core 52 so that the coils may rotate together with the rotary core. If the rotary core 52 produces sufficient moment of inertia, the disk 25 may be a simple lever.
  • Figures 8A to 8C show a rotary mechanism for switchgear according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • This and other embodiments that follow are based on the first embodiment, and therefore, the following explanation will mainly be made for the characteristic operations and effects of magnetic circuits formed with fixed cores, rotary cores, permanent magnets, and electromagnetic coils of the embodiments.
  • the rotary mechanism 10G of the second embodiment has a fixed core 61 that sandwiches two permanent magnets 5, which are oriented so that their magnetic poles may repel each other.
  • the fixed core 61 accommodates a rotary core 62 alternatively attracted by faces 26a and 26c, or faces 26b and 26d of the fixed core 61.
  • Upper and lower parts of the fixed core 61 have electromagnetic coils 4, respectively.
  • Fig. 8A the rotary mechanism 10G is in a closed or connected state. In this state, the rotary mechanism 10G forms magnetic circuits depicted with dashed lines. Namely, flows of magnetic flux generated by the left and right magnets 5 pass through the rotary core 62 and return to the respective magnets 5. As a result, the faces 26a and 26c attract the rotary core 62 clockwise and compress a wiping spring (not shown) through a shaft 3.
  • a switchgear opening or disconnecting operation starts.
  • the coils 4 are excited to generate magnetic fluxes in the fixed core 61 directing at positive horizontal direction X+ so as to cancel the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5 and weaken the attraction of the faces 26a and 26c acting on the rotary core 62.
  • the rotary core 62 starts to rotate counterclockwise to start the opening operation.
  • attraction on the rotary core 62 decreases.
  • inertial movement of the rotary core 62 and a disk 25 overcomes friction, to continuously rotate the rotary core 62 up to the other end of a rotation range of the rotary core 62.
  • Fig. 8C the opening operation is just before completion. Due to the rotation, the rotary core 62 reversely passes the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5. At this time, the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the coils 4 is unchanged in the rotary core 62. Consequently, the dashed-line magnetic flux and solid-line magnetic flux of Fig. 8C enhance each other to increase counterclockwise torque at the end of the rotation range of the rotary core 62. Further, the rotation energy of the rotary core 62 and disk 25 is joined to the counterclockwise torque, to compress a spring arranged outside the rotary mechanism 10G and complete the opening operation. In this state, counterclockwise torque generated by the magnets 5 alone is designed to exceed torque caused by the resilience of the spring.
  • a closing or connecting operation is opposite to the opening operation and is executed by reversely exciting the coils 4.
  • the second embodiment is achievable by tentatively dividing the fixed core 61 into four sections at the four attraction faces 26a to 26d, by arranging one magnet 5 between the faces 26b and 26c within the rotation range of one end of the rotary core 62 and the other magnet 5 between the faces 26d and 26a within the rotation range of the other end of the rotary core 62, and by arranging one coil 4 between the faces 26a and 26b out of the part where the magnets 5 are arranged and the other coil 4 between the faces 26c and 26d out of the part where the magnets 5 are arranged.
  • the second embodiment is based on the first embodiment and is formed by arranging the two coils 4 around the fixed core 61.
  • the structure of the second embodiment is simple to provide two attraction faces for each magnetic circuit and realize the attraction switching function and a long stroke, like the first embodiment. Compared with the first embodiment, the second embodiment widens the space for arranging coils.
  • the second embodiment may have opening and closing coils separately. These coils are used for opening and closing operations, respectively.
  • This arrangement is capable of easily carrying out an opening operation just after closure (a so-called C-O operation), and therefore, is applicable to high-speed-response switchgear. Due to the simple structure, the rotary mechanism of the second embodiment is inexpensive and reliable.
  • FIGS 9A to 9C show a rotary mechanism for switchgear according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third embodiment is basically achievable by replacing the coils 4 and magnets 5 of the second embodiment with each other.
  • the structure of the rotary mechanism 10H of the third embodiment will be explained.
  • the rotary mechanism 10H has a fixed core 71.
  • Two permanent magnets 5 are arranged in upper and lower parts of the fixed core 71, respectively, and are oriented so that their magnetic poles repel each other.
  • the fixed core 71 accommodates a rotary core 72 to be attracted alternatively by upper and lower faces 26a and 26c, or faces 26b and 26d of the fixed core 71.
  • Electromagnetic coils 4 are arranged around left and right parts of the fixed core 71, respectively, to generate magnetic flux in the fixed core 71 in vertical directions Z+ and Z-.
  • the rotary mechanism 10H forms magnetic circuits depicted with dashed lines. Namely, the upper and lower magnets 5 generate flows of magnetic flux, which pass through the rotary core 72 and return to the respective magnets 5. As a result, the faces 26a and 26c of the fixed core 71 attract the rotary core 72 clockwise to compress awiping spring (not shown) through a shaft 3.
  • Fig. 9B an opening or disconnecting operation is started.
  • the left and right coils 4 are excited to generate magnetic flux directing at negative vertical direction Z- so as to cancel the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5 and weaken the attraction of the faces 26a and 26c acting on the rotary core 72.
  • the attraction is weakened below counterclockwise torque produced by the resilience of the wiping spring, the rotary core 72 starts to leave the faces 26a and 26c androtate counterclockwise, thereby starting the opening operation.
  • attraction acting on the rotary core 72 decreases.
  • an inertial movement of the rotary core 72 and a disk 25 overcomes friction to continuously rotate the rotary core 72 up to the other end of a rotation range of the rotary core 72.
  • Fig. 9C the opening operation is just before completion. Due to the rotation, the rotary core 72 reversely passes the magnetic flux generated by the coils 4. At this time, the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5 is unchanged in the rotary core 72. Consequently, the dashed-line magnetic flux and solid-line magnetic flux of Fig. 9C enhance each other, to increase counterclockwise torque at the end of the rotation of the rotary core 72. Further, the rotation energy of the rotary core 72 is joined to the counterclockwise torque, to compress a spring arranged outside the rotary mechanism 10H and complete the opening operation.
  • the third embodiment is achievable by tentatively dividing the fixed core 71 into four sections at the four attraction faces 26a to 26d, by arranging one coil 4 between the faces 26b and 26c within the rotation range of one end of the rotary core 72 and the other coil 4 between the faces 26d and 26a within the rotation range of the other end of the rotary core 72, and by arranging one magnet 5 between the faces 26a and 26b out of the part where the coils 4 are arranged and the other magnet 5 between the faces 26c and 26d out of the part where the coils 4 are arranged.
  • the third embodiment is based on the second embodiment and is formed by replacing the coils 4 and magnets 5 of the second embodiment with each other.
  • the structure of the third embodiment is simple to provide two attraction faces for each of the open and closed states and realize a magnetically bistable state, the attraction switching function, and a long stroke, like the second embodiment.
  • the third embodiment is specifically effective when a large rotation angle is required. When the rotation range of the rotary core 72 is increased, the distance between the faces 26a and 26b and the distance between the faces 26c and 26d outside the rotation range of the rotary core 72 are shortened, and therefore, it is hardly possible to arrange the coil 4 in such a short distance.
  • the thickness of the magnet 5 is usually in the range of 10 to 20 mm, and therefore, the third embodiment arranges the magnet 5 in each area outside the rotation range of the rotary core 72, and the coils 4 in the rotary range. As a result, the rotary mechanism 10H of the third embodiment allows a large rotation angle.
  • Figures 10A to 10C show a rotary mechanism for switchgear according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fourth embodiment is based on the first embodiment and increases the number of magnetic poles of the first embodiment.
  • the structure of the rotary mechanism 10I of the fourth embodiment will be explained.
  • the rotary mechanism 10I has a rotary core 82 having four arms.
  • the rotary core 82 is arranged at the center of a fixed core 81 of ring shape.
  • the fixed core 81 has four protrusions 81a and eight attraction faces 26a to 26h to attract the rotary core 82 at each end of a rotation range of the rotary core 82.
  • the sections 26a-26b, 26c-26d, 26e-26f, and 26g-26h correspond each to the rotation range of each arm of the rotary core 82.
  • Permanent magnets 5 are arranged in these sections, respectively, and are oriented so that their magnetic poles repel each other.
  • the arms of the rotary core 82 are alternately provided with an electromagnetic opening coil 4a and an electromagnetic closing coil 4b to generate radial magnetic flux.
  • Fig. 10A the rotary mechanism 10I is in a closed state.
  • the magnets 5 on the fixed core 81 are oriented so that their magnetic poles repel each other. Consequently, magnetic flux generated by one magnet 5 does not pass through the other magnets 5. Instead, magnetic flux from each magnet 5 emanates from one pole thereof, passes through corresponding arms of the rotary core 82, and returns to the other pole of the magnet 5 in question.
  • the four magnets 5 form four magnetic circuits, and the rotary core 82 is attracted clockwise by the four faces 26b, 26d, 26f, and 26h of the fixed core 81.
  • a pair of the coils 4a are excited to generate magnetic flux oriented toward a rotation axis, to form magnetic circuits depicted with solid lines, which weaken the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5.
  • the attraction torque is weakened below the resilience of a wiping spring, the rotary core 82 starts to rotate counterclockwise, thereby starting the opening operation.
  • attraction acting on the rotary core 82 decreases.
  • the inertial movement of the rotary core 82, etc. overcomes friction, to continuously rotate the rotary core 82 up to the other end of the rotation range of the rotary core 82.
  • Fig. 10C the opening operation is just before completion. Due to the rotation, the arms of the rotary core 82 reversely pass the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 5. At this time, the direction of the magnetic circuits generated by the coils 4a is unchanged in the arms of the rotary core 82. Consequently, the dashed-line magnetic flux and solid-line magnetic flux of Fig. 10C enhance each other, to increase counterclockwise torque at the end of the rotation range of the rotary core 82. Further, the rotation energy of the rotary core 82 is added to the counterclockwise torque, to compress a spring arranged outside the rotary mechanism 10I and complete the opening operation.
  • the fourth embodiment is achievable by increasing the number of magnetic poles of the first embodiment to four. More generally, the fourth embodiment is achievable with an even number of magnetic poles.
  • the fourth embodiment provides two attraction faces for each magnetic circuit and realizes a magnetically bistable state, the attraction switching function, and a long stroke.
  • the fourth embodiment may have four or more magnetic poles, and in this case, may be applicable to switchgear that needs a small rotation angle and large torque.
  • the rotary mechanism of the fourth embodiment is manufacturable by employing many inexpensive permanent magnets of small magnetic moment, to reduce the total cost of the rotary mechanism.
  • the fourth embodiment is also achievable with a fixed inner core and a rotatable outer core.
  • the fourth embodiment employs an even number of magnetic poles, arranges the magnet 5 on part of the fixed core 81 within the rotation range of each arm of the rotary core 82, and arranges the coil 4 around each arm of the rotary core 82.
  • the magnets and coils of the fourth embodiment may be arranged like the second and third embodiments. Namely, each magnet may be arranged on part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each rotary core arm, and the coils may be arranged around part of the fixed core out of the part where the magnets are arranged, like the second embodiment.
  • each coil may be arranged around part of the fixed core within the rotation range of each rotary core arm, and the magnets may be arranged on part of the fixed core out of the part where the coils are arranged, like the third embodiment.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Drehender Mechanismus für eine Schaltanlage, umfassend:
    einen feststehenden Kern (51);
    ein Drehkern (52), der in Bezug auf den feststehenden Kern innerhalb eines Drehbereichs drehbar ist, der durch Endpositionen begrenzt wird, die den offenen und geschlossenen Positionen der Schaltanlage entsprechen;
    Federmittel (16) zum Aufbauen von Federkraft, wenn der Drehkern zu einer der Endpositionen gedreht ist;
    eine Permanentmagneteinrichtung (5), wobei die Permanentmagneteinrichtung aus zumindest zwei Permanentmagneten besteht, von denen jeder einen geschlossenen magnetischen Pfad ausbildet, der durch den feststehenden Kern und den Drehkern hindurchführt, wobei der magnetische Pfad eine Anziehung erzeugt, die größer ist als die Federkraft der Federmittel, um den Drehkern in der Endposition zu halten, wenn der Drehkern in eine der Endpositionen gedreht ist; und
    eine elektromagnetische Einrichtung, wobei die elektromagnetische Einrichtung aus zumindest einer elektromagnetischen Spule (4a) besteht und die elektromagnetische Spule angeregt wird um den magnetischen Fluss zu erzeugen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass,
    wenn der Drehkern in einer der Endpositionen ist, der durch jede elektromagnetische Spule der elektromagnetischen Einrichtung erzeugte magnetische Fluss in dem Drehkern einen magnetischen Pfad ausbildet, der gegensätzlich zu dem magnetischen Pfad ausgerichtet ist, der von der Permanentmagneteinrichtung ausgebildet wird, wobei der durch die elektromagnetische Spule ausgebildete magnetische Pfad die Anziehung durch die Permanentmagneteinrichtung so schwächt, dass sie niedriger ist als die Federkraft der Federmittel; und
    wenn der Drehkern zur anderen Endposition gedreht wurde, die Permanentmagneteinrichtung und die elektromagnetische Einrichtung magnetische Pfade ausbilden, die in dem Drehkern in dieselbe Richtung gerichtet sind.
  2. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach Anspruch 1, bei dem:
    Enden des Drehkerns jeweils durch vorbestimmte Teile des feststehenden Kerns angezogen werden, wenn der Drehkern in eine der Endpositionen gedreht ist;
    jeder der Permanentmagneten auf der Seite des feststehenden Kerns innerhalb des Drehbereichs von jedem Ende des Drehkerns angeordnet ist, wobei die Permanentmagneten derart ausgerichtet sind, dass ihre magnetischen Pole einander abstoßen; und
    die elektromagnetische Einrichtung derart angeordnet ist, dass sie den Drehkern umschließt.
  3. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach Anspruch 1, bei dem:
    Enden des Drehkerns durch den feststehenden Kern angezogen werden, wenn der Drehkern in eine der Endpositionen gedreht ist;
    jeder der Permanentmagneten auf der Seite des feststehenden Kerns innerhalb des Drehbereichs von jedem Ende des Drehkerns angeordnet ist, wobei die Permanentmagneten derart ausgerichtet sind, dass ihre magnetischen Pole einander abstoßen; und
    die elektromagnetische Spule um einen Teil des feststehenden Kerns herum außerhalb des Teils angeordnet ist, bei dem die Permanentmagneten angeordnet sind.
  4. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach Anspruch 1, bei dem:
    Enden des Drehkerns durch den feststehenden Kern angezogen werden, wenn der Drehkern in eine der Endpositionen gedreht ist;
    die elektromagnetische Spule um einen Teil des feststehenden Kerns herum innerhalb des Drehbereichs von jedem Ende des Drehkerns angeordnet ist; und
    jeder der Permanentmagneten auf der Seite des feststehenden Kerns angeordnet ist außerhalb des Teils, bei dem die elektromagnetischen Spulen angeordnet sind, wobei die Permanentmagneten derart angeordnet sind, dass ihre magnetischen Pole einander abstoßen.
  5. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach Anspruch 1, bei dem:
    der Drehkern eine gerade Anzahl an Armen hat, die sich radial vom Drehzentrum aus erstrecken, wobei die Arme innerhalb des Drehbereichs drehbar sind und von einer geraden Anzahl von Flächen des feststehenden Kerns angezogen werden, wenn der Drehkern in eine der Endpositionen gedreht wird;
    jeder der Permanentmagnete auf der Seite des feststehenden Kerns innerhalb des Drehbereichs von jedem Arm angeordnet ist, wobei die Permanentmagnete derart ausgerichtet sind, das ihre magnetischen Pole einander abstoßen; und
    jede der elektromagnetischen Spulen um jeden der Arme herum angeordnet ist.
  6. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach Anspruch 1, bei dem:
    der Drehkern eine gerade Anzahl an Armen hat, die sich radial vom Drehzentrum aus erstrecken, wobei die Arme innerhalb des Drehbereichs drehbar sind und von einer geraden Anzahl von Flächen des feststehenden Kerns angezogen werden, wenn der Drehkern in eine der Endpositionen gedreht wird;
    jeder der Permanentmagnete auf der Seite des feststehenden Kerns innerhalb des Drehbereichs von jedem Arm angeordnet ist, wobei die Permanentmagnete derart ausgerichtet sind, das ihre magnetischen Pole einander abstoßen; und
    jede der elektromagnetischen Spulen um einen Teil des feststehenden Kerns herum außerhalb des Teils angeordnet ist, bei dem die Permanentmagneten angeordnet sind.
  7. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach Anspruch 1, bei dem:
    der Drehkern eine gerade Anzahl an Armen hat, die sich radial vom Drehzentrum aus erstrecken, wobei die Arme innerhalb des Drehbereichs drehbar sind und von einer geraden Anzahl von Flächen des feststehenden Kerns angezogen werden, wenn der Drehkern in eine der Endpositionen gedreht wird;
    jede der elektromagnetischen Spulen um einen Teil des feststehenden Kerns herum innerhalb des Drehbereichs von jedem Arm angeordnet ist; und
    jeder der Permanentmagnete auf der Seite des feststehenden Kerns außerhalb des Teils angeordnet ist, bei dem die elektromagnetischen Spulen angeordnet sind, wobei die Permanentmagnete derart ausgerichtet sind, das ihre magnetischen Pole einander abstoßen.
  8. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem:
    die Permanentmagneten und die elektromagnetischen Spulen einen magnetischen Pfad in einer Drehebene des Drehkerns ausbilden.
  9. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem:
    der Drehkern mit einem Bewegungsmittel versehen ist, das mit dem Drehkern drehbar ist.
  10. Drehmechanismus für eine Schaltanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem:
    zumindest der feststehende Kern oder der Drehkern aus Silliziumstahlplatten hergestellt ist, die entlang einer Drehachse des Drehkerns laminiert sind.
EP20010102773 2000-02-10 2001-02-08 Drehbetätigungsmechanismus für Schaltvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP1124244B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000033892 2000-02-10
JP2000033892 2000-02-10
JP2000132222A JP4223657B2 (ja) 2000-02-10 2000-05-01 開閉器の回転型操作機構
JP2000132222 2000-05-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1124244A2 EP1124244A2 (de) 2001-08-16
EP1124244A3 EP1124244A3 (de) 2001-12-19
EP1124244B1 true EP1124244B1 (de) 2008-11-19

Family

ID=26585230

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20010102773 Expired - Lifetime EP1124244B1 (de) 2000-02-10 2001-02-08 Drehbetätigungsmechanismus für Schaltvorrichtung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1124244B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4223657B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1258789C (de)
DE (1) DE60136580D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10261811B4 (de) * 2002-12-19 2005-01-20 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetischer Antrieb
US7525643B2 (en) * 2005-09-19 2009-04-28 Asml Netherlands B.V. Lithographic apparatus, and mechanism
WO2008000022A1 (en) * 2006-06-26 2008-01-03 Schneider Electric (Australia) Pty Limited Rotary switch interlock
CN101911449B (zh) 2008-01-17 2013-07-17 三菱电机株式会社 三稳定型摆动电磁促动器
JP5124529B2 (ja) * 2009-06-03 2013-01-23 三菱電機株式会社 電磁アクチュエータ
RU2762663C1 (ru) * 2021-04-19 2021-12-21 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") Концевой выключатель

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3035135A (en) * 1955-06-21 1962-05-15 Daco Instr Company Relays and solenoids
US4329672A (en) * 1977-01-29 1982-05-11 Elektro-Mechanik Gmbh Polarized electromagnetic drive for a limited operating range of a control element
FR2625382A1 (fr) * 1987-12-23 1989-06-30 Aerospatiale Butee a verrouillage magnetique
FR2666927A1 (fr) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-20 Cartier Systemes G Relais electromagnetique.
JP3441360B2 (ja) * 1997-03-25 2003-09-02 株式会社東芝 しゃ断器の操作装置
FR2793944B1 (fr) * 1999-05-20 2001-07-13 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Dispositif de commande d'ouverture et/ou de fermeture, en particulier pour un appareil de coupure tel un disjoncteur, et disjoncteur equipe d'un tel dispositif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1124244A2 (de) 2001-08-16
EP1124244A3 (de) 2001-12-19
JP2001297912A (ja) 2001-10-26
DE60136580D1 (de) 2009-01-02
CN1258789C (zh) 2006-06-07
CN1312568A (zh) 2001-09-12
JP4223657B2 (ja) 2009-02-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2010332675B2 (en) Electromagnetic actuator having magnetic coupling, and cutoff device comprising such actuator
EP1513176B1 (de) Lineare Schalterbetätigungsvorrichtung
JP2000268683A (ja) 開閉器の操作装置
WO2005078754A1 (en) Electro-magnetic force driving actuator and circuit breaker using the same
JP2004146333A (ja) 操作装置およびその操作装置を使用した開閉装置
US20100164661A1 (en) Cylinder type bistable permanent magnetic actuator
EP1124244B1 (de) Drehbetätigungsmechanismus für Schaltvorrichtung
Lesquesne Permanent magnet linear motors for short strokes
JP2009038874A (ja) ロータリーアクチュエータ
JP2008507121A (ja) 切り替えにより動作する電磁制御デバイス
US8237527B2 (en) Bistable permanent magnetic actuator
CN1754241A (zh) 线性磁驱动装置
CN100442414C (zh) 电磁致动器和开闭器
JP2002319504A (ja) 電磁式リニアアクチュエータおよび回路しゃ断器のリモート操作装置
JP2003308761A (ja) 電磁アクチュエータ
JP4975319B2 (ja) 真空遮断器
RU2310941C1 (ru) Электромагнитный привод вакуумного высоковольтного выключателя
CN101350257B (zh) 一种双稳态永磁机构
JP4629271B2 (ja) 電力用開閉装置の操作装置
JP3348126B2 (ja) 磁石可動型揺動振動アクチュエータ
JP2009016514A (ja) 電磁アクチュエータおよびこれを用いた開閉機器
RU2742722C1 (ru) Поляризованное однообмоточное электромагнитное реле
KR102248495B1 (ko) 저자력 영구자석 액츄에이터
JP2017208316A (ja) 開閉器用電磁操作装置
JP2003016882A (ja) 電力用開閉装置の操作装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20010208

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): DE FR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

AKX Designation fees paid

Free format text: DE FR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 60136580

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20090102

Kind code of ref document: P

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20090820

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20140211

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20140417

Year of fee payment: 14

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 60136580

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20151030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150302