Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
  • H01H85/02—Details
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
  • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
  • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means

Definitions

• the invention relates to a high-voltage fuse according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Fuses are mainly used as line protection fuses in low-voltage networks and are usually arranged in transformer stations, distribution points and house connection boxes. They can interrupt overcurrents of the order of a few hundred amperes.
• the invention relates to a power distribution network according to the preamble of claim 13.
• the invention is based on the idea of designing known high-voltage fuses of the generic type in such a way that they largely intercept interference signals of the type described. Since such a high-voltage fuse usually connects a smaller network area, in particular one that is limited to a single building or a building complex, to the rest of the network due to its conventional function, and the transmission of messages via the network is usually also limited to such areas, it is very conveniently positioned to protect the areas from high-frequency interference from the rest of the network.
• the heavy current fuse according to the invention is now designed in such a way that, in addition to the interruption of overcurrents, it also largely suppresses high-frequency signals, in particular in a frequency range between 1 MHz and 40 MHz, as is primarily used for message transmission. It can be designed in such a way that it can be used for electrical design and also for
• a well-known, standard high-voltage fuse is that it can replace it without any changes to the slot or the surrounding area.
• FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an inventive high-current fuse according to a first embodiment, with an uncut throttle
• FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 1, along II-II there, 3 shows a cross section along III-III in FIG. 1,
• FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through an inventive high-current fuse in accordance with a second embodiment, with a partially uncut throttle
• FIG. 5 shows a cross section along V-V in FIG. 4,
• FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through a high-voltage fuse according to the invention in accordance with a third embodiment, with an uncut throttle
• FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 6, along VII-VII there,
• FIG. 9 shows a longitudinal section through an inventive high-current fuse in accordance with a fourth embodiment, with an uncut throttle
• FIG. 11 is a longitudinal section corresponding to FIG. 9, but with a cut throttle
• Fig. 12 shows a longitudinal section through a high-current fuse according to the invention according to a fifth
• FIG. 13 shows a cross section along XIII-XIII in FIG. 12,
• FIG. 14 shows a longitudinal section along XIV-XIV in FIG. 13
• 15 shows a longitudinal section through a high-voltage fuse according to the invention in accordance with a sixth embodiment, directly behind the wall in front,
• FIG. 17 shows a longitudinal section along XVII-XVII in FIG. 16,
• FIG. 18 shows a longitudinal section through a high-voltage fuse according to the invention in accordance with a seventh embodiment, the basic structure of which corresponds to that according to the fifth embodiment,
• FIG. 19 is a side view corresponding to arrow XIX in Fig. 18,
• FIG. 20 is a side view corresponding to arrow XX in Fig. 18,
• FIG. 21 shows a longitudinal section through a high-voltage fuse according to the invention in accordance with an eighth embodiment, the basic structure of which corresponds to that according to the sixth embodiment,
• Fig. 23 is a side view corresponding to arrow XXIII in Fig. 18 and 24 schematically shows a power distribution network in which starter current fuses according to the invention are used.
• a high-current fuse according to the invention in accordance with a first embodiment has an approximately cuboid housing 1 made of electrically insulating material, preferably ceramic, which has a first electrical connection at the opposite ends in the longitudinal direction with a first
• End plate 2 which carries a contact knife 3 on the outside and a second electrical connection with a second end plate 4, which carries a contact knife 5 on the outside.
• the closing plates 2, 4 closing the housing 1 are made, for. B. made of aluminum, the contact knife 3, 5 consist of a copper alloy and are silver-plated.
• the interior of the housing is by a partition plate 6 made of electrically conductive material, for. B.
• Aluminum divided into two successive sections in the longitudinal direction.
• the somewhat longer first section, which lies between the end plate 2 of the first electrical connection and the partition plate 6, contains a fusible conductor, which connects the end plate 2 to the partition plate 6 in an electrically conductive manner.
• It consists of three silver sheathed bands 7 arranged in a row in a row and is designed in a known manner so that in the event of overcurrent it melts according to a standardized characteristic curve according to a response time dependent on the current intensity and interrupts the current.
• a choke is arranged inside the housing. It consists of a cylindrical winding 8, which connects the separating plate 6 to the end plate 4 in an electrically conductive manner, and a continuous core made of a ferromagnetic, preferably electrically insulating material, in particular ferrite, which as a round, lying in the axis of the winding 8 and surrounded by it Rod 9 is formed.
• the inductance of the choke is selected so that its impedance is negligibly small at frequencies of the order of magnitude of the mains frequency, that is to say approx. 50 Hz, but very high at high frequencies from 1 MHz to 40 MHz.
• the heavy current fuse can correspond to the dimensions of sizes 1-3 of the DIN 432620 standard and z. B. be designed for 400 V and 400 A. It can be used at any time instead of conventional fuses that comply with this standard.
• a second embodiment (FIGS. 4, 5) of the high-voltage fuse according to the invention differs from the first only in that the winding 8 is somewhat smaller and the core, in addition to a rod 9 arranged in the axis thereof, also has a shell surrounding the winding 8 on the outside , which consists of two half-shells 10a, b connected to the head ends of the rod 9, which are separated by a central air gap 11.
• the shell has two diametrically opposed sector-shaped openings 12a, which extend over its entire length and through which the winding 8 is electrically conductively connected to the separating plate 6 and the end plate 4.
• a third embodiment (Fig. 6-8) largely corresponds to the first, but the core, which in turn is designed as a solid round rod 9, extends essentially over the entire length of the housing 1 and extends from the End plate 2 of the first electrical connection up to the end plate 4 of the second electrical connection.
• the three silver sheath strips 7 of the fuse element are arranged around the rod 9.
• the embodiment is characterized by particularly good mechanical stability.
• a fourth embodiment (FIGS. 9-11) of the high-voltage fuse according to the invention shows a different structure.
• the core is again designed as a rod 9, which is surrounded by the winding 8.
• both are of rectangular cross section, that is to say cuboid, and the rod 9 is hollow, it has a central passage running through in the longitudinal direction, in which the fusible conductor is arranged, which here consists of a single silver sheath band 7.
• the winding 8 is separated from the end plate 2 of the first electrical connection by an insulation layer 13 and the silver sheath band 7 from the end plate 4 of the second electrical connection by an insulation layer 14.
• the silver-coated tape 7 connects to the first end plate 2 through an opening in the first insulation layer 13. Its opposite end is an intermediate plate 15 resting on the second insulation layer 14 with a z. B. formed as a return wire return line 16, which runs back in a groove on the outside of the rod 9 against the silver sheath band 7 to the next to the first end plate 2 end of the winding 8.
• the end of the winding 8 opposite this is finally connected to the end plate 4 by an opening in the second insulation layer 14.
• the current path thus runs from the end plate 2 through the silver jacket band 7, the intermediate plate 15, back through the return line 16 and after a new reversal of direction through the winding 8 to the end plate 4.
• This embodiment is particularly space-saving, in particular it can be very short. It can therefore be manufactured in the dimensions of size 00-3 of the DIN 43620 standard and can replace conventional heavy-current fuses that comply with this standard at any time.
• a fifth embodiment of the high-current fuse according to the invention corresponds in its basic structure to the fourth embodiment, but the winding 8 is arranged next to the fuse element, which is arranged between the contact knife 3 of the first electrical connection and an intermediate plate 15 and again from there are three parallel silver jacket bands 7.
• the intermediate plate 15 is connected by means of a return line 16 to the end of the winding 8 which is closest to the first electrical connection and whose opposite end abuts the end plate 4 of the second electrical connection.
• An insulation layer 14 lies between the latter and the intermediate plate 15.
• the winding 8 surrounds a core which is covered by a
• Insulation layer is surrounded. It can in turn be designed as a solid round rod 9 or also consist of several parallel rods.
• the current path runs from the contact knife 3 of the first electrical connection via the silver jacket strips 7 to the intermediate plate 15 and further via the return line 16, through the winding 8 and via the end plate 4 to the contact knife 5 of the second electrical connection.
• the high-current fuse according to the invention (FIGS. 15-17) is similar with a winding 8 arranged between the contact blades 3, 5 and a fusible conductor arranged as a silver sheath band 7 constructed like the inventive high-current fuse according to the fifth embodiment.
• the contact plate 3 of the first electrical connection is connected to the end plate 2 thereof, which is connected via the fuse element to an intermediate plate 15 which is arranged at a distance from the end plate 4 of the second electrical connection.
• the intermediate plate 15 is connected via the return line 16 to that end of the winding 8 which is closest to the connection plate 2 of the first electrical connection and whose opposite end abuts the end plate 4 of the second electrical connection, which in turn carries the contact blade 5 of the same.
• the winding 8 in turn surrounds a core which is designed as a solid round rod 9 and is surrounded by an insulation which at the same time forms an insulation layer 13 which separates the winding 8 and the return line 16 from the end plate 2 of the first electrical connection and an insulation layer 14 , through which the winding 8 is connected to the end plate 4 of the second electrical connection.
• the dimensions of the high-current fuse according to the invention exceed those of known generic high-current fuses, but this can be limited to only one dimension transverse to the connection between the contact blades, while the other dimensions in turn correspond to the standard dimensions of known generic high-current fuses, so that they are normally used nothing stands in the way of the inventive high-current fuse in a standard slot.
• the basic structure of a high-current fuse according to the invention in accordance with a seventh embodiment corresponds to that according to the fifth embodiment. However, details of the constructive implementation are shown in the figures.
• the contact knife 3 of the first electrical connection is mechanically and electrically conductively connected to a first end plate 17, which closes a fuse housing 18 made of electrically insulating material on one side and is closed on the opposite side by a second end plate 19.
• the fuse housing 18 contains three parallel silver jacket bands 7, which connect the first end plate 17 and the second end plate 19 in an electrically conductive manner.
• the first end plate 17 carries a folding detector 20 next to the contact knife 3.
• the second end plate 19 is provided with a
• Bolted intermediate plate 15 which forms an integral Z-shaped component with a return line 16 returning next to the fuse housing 18 and a connection plate 21 arranged next to the first end plate 17.
• the first end plate 17 and the connecting plate 21 are screwed together for mechanical reinforcement of the high-current fuse with a connection plate 22 made of electrically insulating material and overlapping with both.
• connection plate 21 and a front plate 23 which is arranged at a distance in front of the second end plate 19 and is connected to the same via spacers 24 made of electrically insulating material and which carries the contact knife 5 of the second electrical connection on the outside facing away from the second end plate 19, an inner winding 8a and an outer winding 8b are arranged coaxially, which are electrically connected in parallel.
• the reason for this arrangement lies in the following:
• the windings 8a, b consist of enamel-insulated winding wire of approximately rectangular cross-section, with the purpose of achieving this a high number of turns for a given cross section, the longer side edge of the rectangle is aligned radially.
• the radial expansion of the winding wire is limited, however, by the fact that no undesirable twists, upsets or bends may occur during the winding of the wire, which would increase the distance between the turns.
• the current is distributed over two windings.
• a ferrite tube or a parallel arrangement of thinner ferrite rods or tubes can also be provided. Ferrite cores of different lengths can also be used, which are compensated for by lids or inserts of different thicknesses.
• the described high-current fuse is suitable for high currents and is still compact and mechanically very stable and can be used in an ordinary slot. It is generally surrounded by a housing (not shown here) made of electrically non-conductive material, which leaves free the fronts formed by the first end plate 17, the connecting plate 22 and the connecting plate 21 on the one hand and the front plate 23 on the other hand. To facilitate insertion into and removal from a slot, the connection plate 21 and the front plate 23 are each provided with a pull tab 27.
• FIG. 21-23 The basic structure of a high-current fuse according to the invention in accordance with an eighth embodiment corresponds to that according to the sixth Embodiment, however, the figures again show details of the structure.
• the contact sword 3 of the first electrical connection is screwed here to a front plate 23, which in turn is screwed to a first end plate 17 to which a fuse housing 18 connects and is arranged in the same
• Silver-coated tapes (not shown), which produce an electrically conductive connection between the first end plate 17 and a second end plate 19, which closes the fuse housing 18 at the opposite end.
• the first end plate 17 carries a folding detector 20.
• connection plate 19 is screwed to a bent connection lug 28 of the return line 16, which is led back along the fuse housing 18 and bends into a connection plate 21 parallel to the front plate 23 and spaced apart from it.
• connection plate 21 and closure plate 29 made of electrically insulating material, which carries an end plate 4 and the screwed contact sword 5 of the second electrical connection, there is a turn 8, which on the one hand with the connection plate 21, on the other hand through the closure plate 29 and over the end plate 2 is electrically conductively connected to the contact sword 5.
• the winding 8 in turn runs around a ferrite core 9 surrounded by an insulating sleeve 25.
• the closure plate 29 is screwed to a connecting tab 30 projecting from the return line 16.
• a certain minimum distance must be maintained between the end plate 4 and the connecting tab 30 so that the u.
• spacers 24 made of electrically non-conductive material are arranged, which connect the end plate 2 to the closing plate 29, so that the heavy-current fuse is mechanically stable and compliant with the standards, independently of the winding 8
• Pull tabs 27 are in turn screwed onto the end plates 17, 19.
• FIG. 24 schematically shows a power distribution network in which high-voltage fuses according to the invention are used. From a transformer 31 - it can also be another junction such. B. act a house junction box - one goes
• Low-voltage line 32 from which several branches 33 branch, each of which is guided via a high-current fuse 34 according to the invention, behind which it branches further.
• the individual branches 33 can each supply one building.
• Transmitters and receivers 35 are connected to each branch, e.g. B. each a PLC master and various devices connected to the branch (not shown), with which it uses high-frequency signals such. B. communicates with carrier frequencies in the range between 1 MHz and 40 MHz.
• the signals are coupled galvanically or capacitively. Since they are strongly attenuated by the high-current fuses 34, the signals are essentially limited to a single branch, so that interference between the different branches does not lead to interference even if the frequency bands overlap or are so close that otherwise interfering interactions occurred.
• the transmitting and receiving devices 35 work synchronously, that is to say they send and receive at the same time.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Fuses (AREA)
• Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
• Details Of Garments (AREA)
• Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
• Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
• Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

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ID=8236348

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications Before (1)

Country Status (14)

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Family Cites Families (6)

• 1998
  • 1998-09-24 EP EP98810964A patent/EP0996137A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 1999
  • 1999-03-24 KR KR1020017002800A patent/KR20010079736A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-09-23 JP JP2000572885A patent/JP2002526888A/ja active Pending
  • 1999-09-23 IL IL14206299A patent/IL142062A0/xx unknown
  • 1999-09-23 AU AU56153/99A patent/AU5615399A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-09-23 CA CA002340772A patent/CA2340772A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-09-23 DE DE59902140T patent/DE59902140D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-09-23 CN CN99811304A patent/CN1319242A/zh active Pending
  • 1999-09-23 ES ES99942700T patent/ES2178898T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-09-23 AT AT99942700T patent/ATE221251T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-09-23 BR BR9913105-6A patent/BR9913105A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-09-23 ID IDW20010686A patent/ID27919A/id unknown
  • 1999-09-23 WO PCT/CH1999/000454 patent/WO2000019475A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-09-23 EP EP99942700A patent/EP1116252B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2001
  • 2001-03-23 NO NO20011508A patent/NO20011508L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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