EP0267403A2 - Circuit capacitif séparateur - Google Patents

Circuit capacitif séparateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0267403A2
EP0267403A2 EP87114108A EP87114108A EP0267403A2 EP 0267403 A2 EP0267403 A2 EP 0267403A2 EP 87114108 A EP87114108 A EP 87114108A EP 87114108 A EP87114108 A EP 87114108A EP 0267403 A2 EP0267403 A2 EP 0267403A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
outer conductor
capacitive
capacitor
isolating element
isolating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87114108A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0267403A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dr. Buck
Dieter Schenkyr
Werner Heiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0267403A2 publication Critical patent/EP0267403A2/fr
Publication of EP0267403A3 publication Critical patent/EP0267403A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/202—Coaxial filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a capacitive isolating element for the galvanic isolation of a coaxial cable with at least one isolating capacitor in the inner and outer conductors.
  • a capacitive isolating element of this type is known from DE-C2-33 17 202.
  • Such isolators are intended to be used, for example, in broadband communication systems as a separation point between the signal providers and the signal consumers, for example between the broadband communication network of the Post and the private home distribution systems. With such isolating devices it is prevented that voltages which can occur due to incorrect switching in house systems or due to potential differences from house to house are transmitted to the communication network.
  • a capacitor with the highest possible capacitance should be used.
  • such a separator with capacitors also causes a coupling to occur to the outside, ie to a power system formed by the distant earth; in other words, the degree of shielding of the outer conductor is noticeably less at the location of the separator than in the rest of the area of the coaxial cable.
  • the coupling attenuation between the outer conductor and the line system formed by the distant earth are, however, in principle limited when using such annularly arranged capacitors. If one divides the high-frequency coupling resistance between the outer conductor and the far earth in terms of an equivalent circuit into a loss resistance component R C , an inductance component L C and a capacitive component C C , one can see that these parts of the coupling impedance are only practical in can be reduced to a limited extent.
  • the capacity component C C can only be reduced by large capacitors, which are, however, expensive. There are also limits to the reduction of the loss resistance portion R C , because this value - apart from the frequency - essentially depends on the loss angle and thus on the dielectric material of the capacitor.
  • the line inductance component L C cannot be reduced beyond a certain level either, since a certain distance must be maintained in order to ensure a required dielectric strength of approximately 2000 volts.
  • the line inductance L C is relatively high, especially in the case of capacitors with a thick dielectric. On the other hand, such capacitors with a thick dielectric are required for such separators because of the high dielectric strength.
  • each individual current path that runs over the respective capacitors must be considered, so that the shielding effect at high frequencies decreases sharply even at a distance of a few millimeters.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a capacitive isolating element which has better shielding properties while overcoming conventional limits.
  • this object is achieved in that the at least one isolating capacitor in the outer conductor is part of a high-frequency filter.
  • the coupling loss between the outer conductor and the distant earth is significantly improved in this way. In this way it is possible to exceed the limits of achievable damping, which were determined by the material properties and dimensions of conventional separators. With the measure according to the invention it is therefore possible to increase the damping quality of the isolating element as desired.
  • the at least one coupling capacitor in the outer conductor is preferably part of a low-pass filter, although it is also possible to use a band-pass filter in this context and under appropriate conditions.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in cascading together at least two high-frequency filters. In this way it is possible to over the shielding dimension to increase any frequency range as required. Expensive capacitors with large capacities are no longer required, since simple capacitors can now be used. It is also no longer necessary to ensure that the isolating element is optimally manufactured with regard to coupling damping, so that the isolating element according to the invention can be manufactured much more cost-effectively with the same shielding properties. Instead of special, expensive components, cheaper series components can now be used.
  • a further development of the invention is particularly advantageous in which the coaxial cable is wound in a coil-like manner in at least one turn and the turn is part of the high-frequency filter. It is advantageous to have this winding form the longitudinal branch of a pi filter, the isolating capacitors being the transverse branches of the pi filter.
  • a semi-rigid coaxial cable or one with a solid copper jacket is preferably used as the coaxial cable at least in the region of the capacitive isolating element.
  • the design of the respective filter or the cascade-connected filter can be carried out according to the existing wishes and requirements as with the usual filter technology. By cascading appropriate filters, any damping can theoretically be achieved.
  • a capacitive isolating element for the electrical isolation of a coaxial cable with at least one isolating capacitor in the inner and outer conductor
  • electrical isolation of the outer and inner conductor is provided in a housing, and in this housing there is for the outer conductor at least one additional Lich high frequency filter.
  • the high-frequency filter is preferably a low-pass filter, but depending on the application, it can also be a band-pass filter.
  • the galvanic isolation is initially carried out using a conventional, simple isolating element, to which no claims need be made with regard to the attenuation requirements.
  • a high-frequency filter is provided which very effectively improves the coupling attenuation to the outside.
  • the galvanic isolation and measures to increase the shielding can be implemented in separate components.
  • the high-frequency filter for the outer conductor for coupling damping consists of at least one winding of the coaxial cable and one capacitor each, which are connected on the one hand to the outer conductor and on the other hand to the conductive housing.
  • the circuit board can be a customary printed circuit board made of epoxy resin, on both sides of which conductor surfaces are provided, one side of the circuit board being connected to the outer conductor and the other side of the circuit board being connected to the housing.
  • the line inductance component of the high-frequency resistor can be kept small in this way in accordance with the equivalent circuit diagram.
  • the electrical isolation of the inner conductor is advantageously provided at a different location than the electrical isolation of the outer conductor. This gives greater design freedom in the construction of the isolator.
  • the capacitive isolating element according to the invention results in the simplest embodiment, i.e. without cascade connection, a shield dimension of over 90 dB in the VHF range and over 70 dB in the UHF range.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a capacitive isolating element 1, which is connected via galvanic connections 2, each with a coaxial cable end 3.
  • the inner conductor 4 is located inside the coaxial cable.
  • the outer conductor is provided with the reference symbol 5.
  • the isolating element is electrically isolated from the outer conductor 5 via a schematically illustrated capacitor C A , which, as described in DE-C2-33 17 202, can consist of several capacitors, for example chip capacitors.
  • the inner conductor 4 is electrically isolated via a capacitor C I , which is also located in the isolating element 1.
  • the impedance of the capacitor C A in the outer conductor 5 of the coaxial cable or the isolating element simultaneously represents the coupling impedance between the inside of the coaxial cable and a conductor system formed from the outside of the sheath of the coaxial line and the distant earth.
  • a good coupling loss or a high shielding degree is then given when the coupling between the coaxial cable interior and said line system, ie the interference is low.
  • a power source 21 is connected to a load 22 via the capacitor C I of the inner conductor.
  • the coupling impedance in the outer conductor consists of the capacitance component C A , the loss resistance component R A and the component of the lead inductance L A.
  • the reference numeral 23 denotes the impedance of the external system, which is parallel to the impedance component shown schematically in series and acts as a sink for the interference radiation. In order to make the shielding as good as possible, it is necessary to keep the coupling impedance consisting of the components C A , R A and L A as small as possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the arrangement according to the invention. Circuit elements which correspond to those of FIG. 2 are again provided with the same reference symbols.
  • the coupling impedance according to FIG. 2 which consists of the components C A , R A and L A
  • the entire aforementioned elements form a low-pass filter, with which the damping can be significantly improved compared to a circuit arrangement according to the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 2.
  • the achievable degree of shielding is therefore no longer limited by the material of the components or the geometric dimensions in the isolating element, but only depends on the dimensioning of the low-pass filter. Any damping effect can be achieved by appropriate filter design, but also by cascading.
  • a practical embodiment of the invention is shown as a basic structure in Fig. 4.
  • a coaxial cable 43 is shown in a conductive, high-frequency-tight housing 41 and is wound up into a coil.
  • the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is galvanically isolated via one or more isolating capacitors C A.
  • the outer conductor lying on the left side of the isolating capacitor C A is connected to the outer conductor part via at least one further capacitor C Genzouse and via the conductive housing 41, which is located to the right of the isolating capacitor C A.
  • the inner conductor 4 is likewise galvanically isolated with a separating capacitor C I.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.
  • the capacitor C4 of FIG Capacitor C A in FIG. 3 and the coaxial cable part 42 wound as a coil represent the coil L S in the longitudinal branch of the equivalent circuit according to FIG. 3.
  • the components used for the capacitors C A and C4 can be cheap series parts.
  • the capacitive separator 51 has a housing 52.
  • a coaxial cable 53 runs through the housing 52 and is wound into a coil 54 in the housing.
  • Contacts 55 are used for the galvanic connection to the coaxial line to be connected.
  • the outer conductor 56 of the coaxial cable 53 is electrically connected on one entry side to the housing 52 made of a conductive material (cf. FIG. 5, the left entry of the coaxial cable into the housing 52).
  • the coaxial cable emerges from the housing 52 without the outer conductor being in contact with it at this point.
  • the housing 52 is connected only via capacitors C5 to this part of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.
  • a separator 57 which is located within the housing 52 and consists of the outer conductor capacitors 58 and the inner conductor capacitor 59, represents the electrical isolation of the coaxial cable.
  • the coaxial cable 53 in the interior of the housing 52 is mechanically connected to the housing 52 via pressure circuit boards 60 and 61 .
  • the conductor surfaces of the pressure circuits 60 and 61 applied to the outer surfaces of the pressure circuit are electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 53 and to the housing 52 in the manner shown in FIG. 5, for example by soldering, in such a way that these pressure circuit connections each have one Form a capacitor via which the outer conductor 56 of the coaxial cable 53 is connected to the conductive housing 52.
  • the isolator 57 can be a simple, conventional isolator with capacitor components and Ab measurements where only little importance is attached to a good shielding effect.
  • the actual shielding is carried out by the low-pass filter, which consists of the printed circuit boards 60 and 61, which each represent capacitors, and the coaxial cable winding 54, the capacitors consisting of the printing plates 60 and 61 each in transverse branches and the coaxial conductor winding 54 in the longitudinal branch of the low pass filter.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
EP87114108A 1986-11-13 1987-09-26 Circuit capacitif séparateur Withdrawn EP0267403A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3638748 1986-11-13
DE19863638748 DE3638748A1 (de) 1986-11-13 1986-11-13 Kapazitives trennglied

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0267403A2 true EP0267403A2 (fr) 1988-05-18
EP0267403A3 EP0267403A3 (fr) 1989-09-27

Family

ID=6313849

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87114108A Withdrawn EP0267403A3 (fr) 1986-11-13 1987-09-26 Circuit capacitif séparateur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0267403A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3638748A1 (fr)

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FR2733639A1 (fr) * 1995-04-28 1996-10-31 Daimler Benz Ag Agencement destine a reduire les signaux parasites sur des lignes dans des faisceaux de cables
EP2161055A1 (fr) * 2008-09-03 2010-03-10 Vivant Medical, Inc. Protection pour appareil d'isolation utilisation dans un générateur de micro-ondes
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Cited By (128)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2733639A1 (fr) * 1995-04-28 1996-10-31 Daimler Benz Ag Agencement destine a reduire les signaux parasites sur des lignes dans des faisceaux de cables
US9768373B2 (en) 2003-10-30 2017-09-19 Covidien Ag Switched resonant ultrasonic power amplifier system
US8944834B2 (en) 2004-10-13 2015-02-03 Covidien Ag Universal foot switch contact port
US8652128B2 (en) 2008-08-11 2014-02-18 Covidien Lp Electrosurgical system having a sensor for monitoring smoke or aerosols
US8172836B2 (en) 2008-08-11 2012-05-08 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Electrosurgical system having a sensor for monitoring smoke or aerosols
EP2161055A1 (fr) * 2008-09-03 2010-03-10 Vivant Medical, Inc. Protection pour appareil d'isolation utilisation dans un générateur de micro-ondes
US8403924B2 (en) 2008-09-03 2013-03-26 Vivant Medical, Inc. Shielding for an isolation apparatus used in a microwave generator
US9254172B2 (en) 2008-09-03 2016-02-09 Covidien Lp Shielding for an isolation apparatus used in a microwave generator
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EP0267403A3 (fr) 1989-09-27
DE3638748A1 (de) 1988-06-01
DE3638748C2 (fr) 1988-10-06

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