EP1112595A2 - Element a emissivite de surface reglable pour le rayonnement infrarouge - Google Patents

Element a emissivite de surface reglable pour le rayonnement infrarouge

Info

Publication number
EP1112595A2
EP1112595A2 EP99948666A EP99948666A EP1112595A2 EP 1112595 A2 EP1112595 A2 EP 1112595A2 EP 99948666 A EP99948666 A EP 99948666A EP 99948666 A EP99948666 A EP 99948666A EP 1112595 A2 EP1112595 A2 EP 1112595A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
element according
proton conductor
radiation
functional layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP99948666A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Walter Rothmund
Katrin Ortlepp
Werner Scherber
Andreas Leupolz
Monika Golly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dornier GmbH
Original Assignee
Dornier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier GmbH filed Critical Dornier GmbH
Publication of EP1112595A2 publication Critical patent/EP1112595A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/46—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions
    • B64G1/50—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions for temperature control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/46—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions
    • B64G1/50—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions for temperature control
    • B64G1/503—Radiator panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/226—Special coatings for spacecraft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/34—Metal hydrides materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an element with electrically adjustable surface emissivity for radiation in the infrared (IR) radiation range.
  • Such elements are used in particular to stabilize the thermal balance of satellites and spacecraft or for use in climate control in vehicles and buildings.
  • DE 36 43 692 C2 discloses a device for the purpose of IR camouflage, in which the change in surface emissivity is brought about by the electrical activation of a functional layer.
  • a reversible electrochemical reaction is carried out with the aid of electrical voltage signals, which changes the optical behavior of the functional layer in the infrared wavelength range.
  • An electrochromic IR absorber cell consisting of a controllable polymer layer, a porous gold electrode, a lithium-conductive electrolyte, a storage layer and a back electrode is described as an application example.
  • the charge carriers, lithium ions or protons which cause the electrochemical reaction must be added to the system during manufacture in the storage layer provided as a reservoir. When switching the system between two different ⁇ values, this reservoir is alternately emptied and filled.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic element with which the switching process for changing the surface emissivity can be achieved quickly and with low switching energy.
  • the element according to the invention has the following layer structure:
  • the reflectivity for IR radiation can be changed by embedding hydrogen
  • the surface whose emissivity is to be controlled is covered with one or more elements according to the invention. These are electrically connected to each other and can be connected in the form of strings or arrays.
  • the term “back” or “backward” in relation to the position of a layer means the side of the element that lies towards the surface (the emissivity of which is to be controlled).
  • the term “Front” is the side of the element that lies towards the room in which the IR radiation takes place.
  • the element according to the invention is closed off by a rear substrate on which the electrode layer and the storage layer are applied.
  • the front substrate can carry a coating layer or a coating layer system composed of several individual layers, which forms the front end of the element and which has an anti-reflective effect in the IR wavelength range.
  • the remuneration fulfills two functions simultaneously, namely it has an anti-reflective effect in the IR range (typically 10 ⁇ m wavelength) and a reflective effect in the visible range up to near infrared (300 nm to approx. 2 ⁇ m).
  • a layer for protecting the material of the functional layer against oxidation can additionally be present between the functional layer and the proton conductor layer.
  • the element according to the invention allows the emissivity of a surface for infrared light to be varied continuously and reversibly in a wavelength range from 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the regulation takes place by applying an electrical voltage between the functional layer and the electrode layer.
  • a preferred field of application of the element according to the invention is the targeted metering of the entry or the release of heat via a surface via radiation, e.g. B. for low-power stabilization of the thermal balance of satellites and spacecraft or for use in climate control in vehicles and buildings.
  • the element according to the invention has the following advantages: -
  • the functional layer with the anti-oxidation layer applied to it also forms the front electrode, which enables a homogeneous and fast switching process of the element;
  • the pre-doping of the hydrogen storage layer with hydrogen can be carried out particularly effectively by electrochemical storage.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 each show a specific embodiment for the element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the element according to the invention. It comprises the following layer structure:
  • An electrode layer 2 made of an electrically conductive material, for. B. Au, Al, Pt, Pd, Cu, or a conductive oxide such as ITO.
  • a proton storage layer 3 e.g. B. W0 3 , Y, NiO, LaNi 5 , FeTi, Pd, etc .;
  • An anhydrous, IR-absorbing proton conductor 4 it preferably contains mobile proton carriers such as B. imidazole or pyrazole.
  • the proton conductor layer can consist, for example, of sulfonated polyether ketone (PEK) or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK).
  • PEK polyether ketone
  • PEEK polyether ether ketone
  • PAEK polyaryl ether ketone
  • a functional layer 5 made of yttrium Y or yttrium dihydride YH 2 or the hydride of another rare earth metal (eg scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium).
  • a thin layer (for example Pd, Pt, Nb0 3 , V 2 0 5 etc.) is advantageously applied to the functional layer to protect against oxidation (not shown in FIG. 1).
  • a substrate 6 as a carrier made of a material transparent to infrared light, for. B. silicon, germanium etc.
  • the embodiment of the element according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 by a second substrate 1 made of any material - with regard to IR transparency - as a carrier for the rear half of the cell.
  • the functional layer 5 is applied to the front substrate 6 and the electrode layer 2 onto the rear substrate 1, as well as the hydrogen storage layer 3 thereon.
  • the two substrates coated in this way can then be connected by means of the proton conductor 4, which also serves as an adhesive material.
  • Suitable materials for the proton conductor are, in particular, sulfonated polyether ketone (PEK) or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK) with mobile proton carriers such as. B. imidazole or pyrazole.
  • the functioning of the embodiments according to the invention is the same in both cases. If one applies an electrical voltage of typically 2 V to the two electrodes 2 and 5 in such a way that the functional layer 5 is made of e.g. B YH 2 is the negative pole of the voltage source, positively charged protons migrate through the proton conductor from the storage layer into the functional layer and are neutralized there. When a sufficiently large number of hydrogen atoms are stored, this is converted into YH 3 , which has semiconducting properties and is transparent to infrared light. In this case, incident IR light can penetrate to the proton conductor 4, which has an absorption of practically 100%. The surface of the element is therefore highly emissive.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Elément à émissivité de surface électriquement réglable pour le rayonnement infrarouge de la longueur d'onde comprise entre 1 mu m et 30 mu m, qui présente une structure en couches composée d'un substrat avant (6) transparent au rayonnement infrarouge, d'une couche fonctionnelle (5) dont la réflectivité pour le rayonnement infrarouge peut être modifiée par l'introduction d'hydrogène, d'une couche (4) de conduction protonique exempte d'eau et absorbant le rayonnement infrarouge, d'une couche (3) d'emmagasinage d'hydrogène et d'une couche électrode (2).
EP99948666A 1998-09-03 1999-07-22 Element a emissivite de surface reglable pour le rayonnement infrarouge Ceased EP1112595A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19840183A DE19840183C1 (de) 1998-09-03 1998-09-03 Element mit elektrisch einstellbarer Oberflächenemissivität für Infrarotstrahlung
DE19840183 1998-09-03
PCT/DE1999/002257 WO2000014811A2 (fr) 1998-09-03 1999-07-22 Element a emissivite de surface reglable pour le rayonnement infrarouge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1112595A2 true EP1112595A2 (fr) 2001-07-04

Family

ID=7879691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99948666A Ceased EP1112595A2 (fr) 1998-09-03 1999-07-22 Element a emissivite de surface reglable pour le rayonnement infrarouge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20010054503A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1112595A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE19840183C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000014811A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7173160B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2007-02-06 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Processes for concentrating higher diamondoids
DE10361921B4 (de) * 2003-12-23 2007-09-27 Ulf Deisenroth Veränderbare Tarnoberfläche
DE102005028363B3 (de) * 2005-06-18 2007-01-11 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Hochtemperatur-IR-Tarnbeschichtung
WO2017213614A1 (fr) 2016-06-07 2017-12-14 Coskun Kocabas Système de commande de rayonnement thermique
CN112859216B (zh) * 2021-01-14 2021-11-30 北京科技大学 具有显著方向选择性发射率的多层薄膜结构
CN114987004B (zh) * 2022-05-16 2023-04-07 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种气致变红外发射率器件及其制备方法、应用

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3643692A1 (de) * 1986-12-20 1992-03-12 Dornier Gmbh Tarnvorrichtung
DE4409470C2 (de) * 1994-03-19 1998-09-17 Dornier Gmbh Zwischen einem Infrarotstrahlung absorbierenden und einem Infrarotstrahlung reflektierenden Zustand hin- und herschaltbares elektrochromes Element
US5609315A (en) * 1995-03-13 1997-03-11 Martin Marietta Corp. Thermal blanket joining tape
EP0859971B1 (fr) * 1996-08-22 2004-11-03 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif de commutation electro-optique
DE69727551T2 (de) * 1996-09-05 2004-12-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Gerät für optische Kommunikation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0014811A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000014811A3 (fr) 2000-11-23
DE19840183C1 (de) 2000-03-30
US20010054503A1 (en) 2001-12-27
WO2000014811A2 (fr) 2000-03-16

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