EP1112107B1 - Method and device for fighting fires - Google Patents
Method and device for fighting fires Download PDFInfo
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- EP1112107B1 EP1112107B1 EP99947328A EP99947328A EP1112107B1 EP 1112107 B1 EP1112107 B1 EP 1112107B1 EP 99947328 A EP99947328 A EP 99947328A EP 99947328 A EP99947328 A EP 99947328A EP 1112107 B1 EP1112107 B1 EP 1112107B1
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- Prior art keywords
- extinguisher
- jet
- foam
- extinguishing
- fire
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
- A62C31/07—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets for different media
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for combating fires, in which a directed extinguishing foam jet is discharged to cover the source of the fire. Moreover, the invention relates to a device which is suitable for carrying out the method. Such devices are used in stationary or mobile fire extinguishing equipment to stifle a fire by a foam, for example, if the use of water as extinguishing liquid is not possible.
- a device suitable for extinguishing fires with extinguishing foam is known from the British patent specification 1 018 431 known.
- the device described in this document has a foam tube which surrounds a nozzle body with a cylindrical portion.
- the nozzle body has a nozzle, is discharged from the extinguishing liquid.
- the known device has on its rear end face an inlet opening.
- a plurality of inlet openings are distributed on the cylindrical circumference of the foam tube.
- the extinguishing foam produced by such a device can be deployed in a directional beam. This has the advantage that the extinguishing foam with relatively high kinetic energy escapes, so that he impinges on the fire site and forms a dense cover after impact, through which the fire is stifled.
- an extinguishing device in which the extinguishing foam jet is surrounded by an extinguishing mist.
- the device has an annular nozzle which surrounds the extinguishing foam outlet.
- the extinguishing mist is generated by making an extinguishing agent jet in the annular nozzle in an annular cross section and then pressed by a plurality of teeth, wherein the jet swirls and disintegrates.
- the kinetic energy is largely consumed by the sputtering process. Due to the range limitation associated therewith, the possibilities are limited to reliably prevent the spread of a fire.
- the object of the invention is a method of the type mentioned and one for carrying out the method to provide suitable apparatus which enable the extinguishment of areal spreading fires with reduced risk of fire spread.
- this object is achieved in that in addition to the extinguishing foam jet, a quenching liquid mist is discharged, which cools the space surrounding the fire volume.
- the inventive method combines the example of the German Utility Model 295 18 911.8 known extinguishing method using extinguishing fog with the method for deletion by means of an extinguishing foam. It has been shown that the extinguishing mist and the extinguishing foam jet in With regard to the method, this object is achieved by a device according to claim 6 and a method according to claim 1.
- the inventive method combines the example of the German Utility Model 295 18 911.8 known extinguishing method using extinguishing fog with the method for deletion by means of an extinguishing foam. It has been found that the extinguishing mist and the extinguishing foam jet complement each other in an optimal manner, in particular in the control of large or large fire sources. This happens because on the one hand directly combatted by the use of the directional extinguishing the fire and the fire surface is successively covered with foam. On the other hand is cooled by the extinguishing mist of the gas space surrounding the fire.
- the extinguishing mist covers a much larger space than the extinguishing foam jet is achieved by the introduction of the extinguishing mist that the ambient temperature of the fire is lowered even in such areas then, if a direct coverage of the fire by the extinguishing foam is not done when Fire in the areas concerned so still burning. A spread of the fire, for example by spontaneous combustion of objects adjacent to the fire due to the high temperatures in the vicinity of the fire is thus avoided.
- the discharge of the extinguishing mist is carried out selectively as a function of the position of a control device. This makes it possible for the extinguishing agent introduced into the area of the fire (Extinguishing foam / extinguishing liquid mist) depending on the respective fire situation.
- the foam tube according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in conjunction with extinguishing devices in which the extinguishing liquid is under high pressure, i. at pressures above 40 bar, is applied.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that quenching liquid mist is applied in the form of a plurality of individual jets whose respective origin is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the origin of the extinguishing foam jet.
- quenching liquid mist is applied in the form of a plurality of individual jets whose respective origin is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the origin of the extinguishing foam jet.
- the method according to the invention can be used particularly effectively when the extinguishing liquid, from which the extinguishing liquid mist is generated, is water.
- a particularly suitable apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention which is equipped with an extinguishing nozzle head, which comprises an extinguishing foam generating means for generating a directed extinguishing foam jet, according to the invention is characterized in that the extinguishing nozzle head comprises additional extinguishing nozzles for generating extinguishing liquid mist.
- the extinguishing nozzle head 1 of the portable extinguisher gun L is rotationally symmetrical and has its End face an end face 2. In the center of the end face 2, a central extinguishing nozzle 3 is arranged. The central extinguishing nozzle 3 is connected to a first supply line 4 of the extinguishing pistol L, which runs in the housing tube R of the extinguishing pistol L.
- extinguishing nozzle head 1 Formed on the end face 2 of the extinguishing nozzle head 1 is a circumferential inclined surface 5, which recedes relative to the front end face 2 at an angle ⁇ of approximately 45 °.
- extinguishing nozzles 6 On the inclined surface 4 extinguishing nozzles 6 are arranged, which are connected to a second, also extending in the housing tube R supply line 7 of the extinguishing gun L.
- the extinguishing nozzles 6 are arranged at regular angular intervals to one another on a circle which is aligned concentrically with the opening of the central extinguishing nozzle 3.
- the outlet direction of the emerging from them when pressurized with extinguishing liquid jet of fog is directed substantially perpendicular to the inclined surface 5, so that the mist jets of the extinguishing nozzles 5 are directed in substantially the same direction as the axially parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the extinguishing nozzle head 1 emerging beam passing through the central Extinguishing nozzle 3 is generated.
- the supply lines 4, 7 can be acted on at the same time or individually with extinguishing fluid.
- the inclined surface 5 is followed by a radially encircling, axially parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the extinguishing nozzle head 1 extending lateral surface 8, on which further, connected to the supply line 7 extinguishing nozzles 9 are arranged.
- the extinguishing nozzles 9 also give on exposure to extinguishing fluid Extinguishing mist jet off.
- this has a radially directed to the longitudinal axis X of the extinguishing nozzle head 1 component and directed in the direction of the valve component V, so that the emerging from the extinguishing nozzles 9 Löschnebelstrahlen fill the back and side of the extinguishing gun L surrounding space.
- a foam tube 11 is attached via a sleeve 10.
- the foam tube 11 has a nozzle body 12, on which an injector nozzle 13 protruding into the foam tube 11 is formed.
- the bore 14 of the injector nozzle 13 is connected via a chamber of the nozzle body 11 and the sleeve 10 with the central extinguishing nozzle 3.
- the supply lines 4 or 7 simultaneously or individually with extinguishing fluid, preferably water, acted upon.
- the extinguishing fluid in this case has a high pressure of more than 40 bar in both supply lines.
- the extinguishing nozzles 6 and 9 When the supply line 4 is pressurized, the extinguishing nozzles 6 and 9 generate an extinguishing mist, in which the individual liquid droplets have a low volume and exit in a finely distributed manner with high kinetic energy from the nozzle openings of the extinguishing nozzles 6, 9 into the environment.
- the mist jets emerging from the obliquely forwardly directed extinguishing nozzles 6 reach the surroundings of the source of the fire and cool the gases present there with evaporation and concomitant displacement of the oxygen. Fill the emerging from the extinguishing nozzles 9 of the lateral surface 8 rays in contrast, the side and rear room with extinguishing mist, so that there is an efficient reduction of the temperature is achieved. In this way, not only the spread of the fire on the cooled area is prevented, but the fire extinguisher serving firefighter simultaneously protected.
- a directed, mixed with foam-forming additive extinguishing liquid jet is discharged from the central extinguishing nozzle 4, under high pressure from the central extinguishing nozzle 3.
- This jet enters the chamber of the nozzle body 12 of the jet pipe 11 and is additionally swirled there.
- the so-swirled extinguishing fluid jet passes through the nozzle bore 13 in the foam tube 11, in which he sucks air on the manner of the Venturi effect on the inlet openings of the foam tube.
- This air mixes with the finely atomized extinguishing fluid to form a fine-pored foam.
- This foam exits the foam tube 11 with high kinetic energy and reaches the source of the fire as a directed, compact spray-foam jet.
- water is preferably used as extinguishing liquid.
- the foam tube 11 leads to a significant improvement in the throw of emerging from it extinguishing agent jet when the extinguishing agent is no foam-generating additive mixed, but only the extinguishing liquid itself exits the foam tube 12 as a jet of high kinetic energy.
- the use of the foam tube 12 in the case of pure liquid extinguishing is advantageous if, for example, a directed extinguishing liquid jet is required in order to reach the source of the fire from a greater distance.
- the concentrated by the foam tube extinguishing liquid jet can be used to achieve a wetting of even deep inside the fires hidden embers by a targeted beam.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Bekämpfen von Bränden, bei dem ein gerichteter Löschschaumstrahl ausgebracht wird, um den Brandherd abzudecken. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung, welche zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignet ist. Derartige Vorrichtungen werden in stationären oder mobilen Feuerlöscheinrichtungen eingesetzt, um einen Brand durch einen Schaum zu ersticken, wenn beispielsweise der Einsatz von Wasser als Löschflüssigkeit nicht möglich ist.The invention relates to a method for combating fires, in which a directed extinguishing foam jet is discharged to cover the source of the fire. Moreover, the invention relates to a device which is suitable for carrying out the method. Such devices are used in stationary or mobile fire extinguishing equipment to stifle a fire by a foam, for example, if the use of water as extinguishing liquid is not possible.
Eine zum Löschen von Bränden mit Löschschaum geeignete Vorrichtung ist aus der britischen Patentschrift
Der mittels einer solchen Vorrichtung erzeugte Löschschaum läßt sich in einem gerichteten Strahl ausbringen. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß der Löschschaum mit relativ hoher kinetischer Energie austritt, so daß er auf die Brandstelle auftrifft und nach dem Auftreffen eine dichte Abdeckung bildet, durch welche der Brand erstickt wird.The extinguishing foam produced by such a device can be deployed in a directional beam. This has the advantage that the extinguishing foam with relatively high kinetic energy escapes, so that he impinges on the fire site and forms a dense cover after impact, through which the fire is stifled.
Die starke, im Hinblick auf die Überbrückung großer Wurfweiten und die gute Wirksamkeit des Löschschaums gewünschte Konzentrierung des Löschschaumstrahles erweist sich in der Praxis jedoch dann als problematisch, wenn Brände bekämpft werden müssen, die sich über große Flächen ausbreiten oder ein großes, kompaktes Volumen, wie beispielsweise einen Holz- oder Papierstapel größeren Umfangs, erfaßt haben. Derartige Brandherde können mit einem gerichteten Löschschaumstrahl nur dadurch bekämpft werden, daß während des Löschens mit dem Löschschaumstrahl wedelnde Bewegungen ausgeführt werden. Durch diese Bewegungen überstreicht der Strahl die Brandfläche, so daß diese nach einiger Zeit mit Löschschaum überdeckt ist. In der Praxis zeigt sich jedoch, daß dabei wegen der nur unvollkommenen Abschottung des Brandes und der hohen Umgebungstemperatur eine Ausweitung des Brandes auf benachbarte Bereiche und Gegenstände nicht immer verhindert werden kann.The strong, in terms of bridging large casting distances and the good effectiveness of the extinguishing foam desired concentration of extinguishing foam, however, proves to be problematic in practice when fires must be combated, which spread over large areas or a large, compact volume, such as For example, a wood or paper stack larger scope, have detected. Such fire foci can only be combated with a directed extinguishing foam jet by carrying out wagging movements during extinguishing with the extinguishing foam jet. As a result of these movements, the jet sweeps over the burning surface, so that it is covered with extinguishing foam after some time. In practice, however, shows that it can not always be prevented because of the imperfect foreclosure of the fire and the high ambient temperature, an extension of the fire to adjacent areas and objects.
In der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art und eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung anzugeben, welche das Löschen von flächig sich ausbreitenden Bränden bei vermindertem Risiko einer Brandausbreitung ermöglichen.The object of the invention is a method of the type mentioned and one for carrying out the method to provide suitable apparatus which enable the extinguishment of areal spreading fires with reduced risk of fire spread.
Bezüglich des Verfahrens wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß ergänzend zu dem Löschschaumstrahl ein Löschflüssigkeitsnebel ausgebracht wird, welcher das den Brandherd umgebende Raumvolumen abkühlt.With regard to the method, this object is achieved in that in addition to the extinguishing foam jet, a quenching liquid mist is discharged, which cools the space surrounding the fire volume.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kombiniert das beispielsweise aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster 295 18 911.8 an sich bekannte Löschverfahren unter Verwendung von Löschnebel mit dem Verfahren zum Löschen mittels eine Löschschaums. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß sich der Löschnebel und der Löschschaumstrahl in Bezüglich des Verfahrens wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 und ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.The inventive method combines the example of the German Utility Model 295 18 911.8 known extinguishing method using extinguishing fog with the method for deletion by means of an extinguishing foam. It has been shown that the extinguishing mist and the extinguishing foam jet in With regard to the method, this object is achieved by a device according to
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kombiniert das beispielsweise aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster 295 18 911.8 an sich bekannte Löschverfahren unter Verwendung von Löschnebel mit dem Verfahren zum Löschen mittels eine Löschschaums. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß sich der Löschnebel und der Löschschaumstrahl in optimaler Weise insbesondere bei der Bekämpfung von großflächigen oder großvolumigen Brandherden ergänzen. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß zum einen durch den Einsatz des gerichteten Löschstrahls der Brand unmittelbar bekämpft und die Brandoberfläche sukzessive mit Schaum abgedeckt wird. Zum anderen wird durch den Löschnebel der Gasraum abgekühlt, welcher den Brand umgibt. Da der Löschnebel einen wesentlich größeren Raum erfaßt als der Löschschaumstrahl, wird durch die Einbringung des Löschnebels erreicht, daß die Umgebungstemperatur des Brandes auch in solchen Bereichen dann schon abgesenkt wird, wenn eine direkte Abdeckung des Brandes durch den Löschschaum noch nicht erfolgt ist, wenn das Feuer in den betreffenden Bereichen also noch brennt. Eine Ausbreitung des Brandes, beispielsweise durch Selbstentzündung von zum Brandherd benachbarten Gegenständen in Folge der hohen Temperaturen in der Umgebung des Brandes wird so vermieden.The inventive method combines the example of the German Utility Model 295 18 911.8 known extinguishing method using extinguishing fog with the method for deletion by means of an extinguishing foam. It has been found that the extinguishing mist and the extinguishing foam jet complement each other in an optimal manner, in particular in the control of large or large fire sources. This happens because on the one hand directly combatted by the use of the directional extinguishing the fire and the fire surface is successively covered with foam. On the other hand is cooled by the extinguishing mist of the gas space surrounding the fire. Since the extinguishing mist covers a much larger space than the extinguishing foam jet is achieved by the introduction of the extinguishing mist that the ambient temperature of the fire is lowered even in such areas then, if a direct coverage of the fire by the extinguishing foam is not done when Fire in the areas concerned so still burning. A spread of the fire, for example by spontaneous combustion of objects adjacent to the fire due to the high temperatures in the vicinity of the fire is thus avoided.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Ausbringen des Löschnebels wahlweise in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung einer Steuereinrichtung erfolgt. Dies ermöglicht es, die in den Bereich des Brandherdes eingebrachten Löschmittel (Löschschaum / Löschflüssigkeitsnebel) in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Brandsituation zusammenzustellen.It is particularly advantageous if the discharge of the extinguishing mist is carried out selectively as a function of the position of a control device. This makes it possible for the extinguishing agent introduced into the area of the fire (Extinguishing foam / extinguishing liquid mist) depending on the respective fire situation.
Besonders vorteilhaft einsetzen läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Schaumrohr in Verbindung mit Löscheinrichtungen, bei denen die Löschflüssigkeit unter hohem Druck, d.h. bei Drücken oberhalb 40 bar, ausgebracht wird.The foam tube according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in conjunction with extinguishing devices in which the extinguishing liquid is under high pressure, i. at pressures above 40 bar, is applied.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Löschflüssigkeitsnebel in Form von mehreren Einzelstrahlen ausgebracht wird, deren jeweiliger Ursprung in unmittelbarer Nähe des Ursprungs des Löschschaumstrahles angeordnet ist. So kann auf einfache Weise sichergestellt werden, daß der Löschflüssigkeitsnebel mit seinem größten Anteil jeweils stets den Abschnitt des Feuers umhüllt, welcher aktuell durch den Löschschaumstrahl abgedeckt wird. Daher ist diese Ausgestaltung insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit einer mobilen Feuerlöscheinrichtung ausgeführt wird, bei welcher der Feuerwehrmann eine mobile Löschpistole in der Hand hält. Besonders günstig ist es in diesem Zusammenhang, wenn ein Teil der Einzelstrahlen des Löschflüssigkeitsnebels in Richtung des Brandherdes gerichtet ist, während ein anderer Teil normal zur Achse des Löschschaumstrahles ausgerichtet ist. Auf diese Weise wird ein vergrößertes Raumvolumen mit Flüssigkeitsnebel gefüllt, so daß nicht nur der Raum im unmittelbaren Umfeld des Brandes abgekühlt wird, sondern auch die in die Umgebung aufsteigenden Abgase. Günstig ist es dabei, wenn ergänzend oder alternativ mindestens ein Einzelstrahl in eine vom Brandherd abgewandte Richtung gerichtet ist, so daß auch der Rückraum der Löscheinrichtung vom Löschnebel sicher erfaßt wird.A further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that quenching liquid mist is applied in the form of a plurality of individual jets whose respective origin is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the origin of the extinguishing foam jet. Thus, it can be ensured in a simple manner that the extinguishing liquid mist always envelops with its largest portion always the portion of the fire, which is currently covered by the extinguishing foam jet. Therefore, this embodiment is particularly advantageous if the method according to the invention is carried out with a mobile fire-extinguishing device in which the firefighter holds a mobile extinguishing pistol in his hand. It is particularly favorable in this context, when a part of the individual jets of Löschflüssigkeitsnebels is directed in the direction of the fire, while another part is aligned normal to the axis of the extinguishing foam jet. In this way, an increased volume of space is filled with liquid mist, so that not only the space in the immediate vicinity of the fire is cooled, but also the rising into the environment exhaust gases. It is advantageous if, in addition or alternatively, at least one individual jet is directed in a direction away from the fire, so that the rear space of the extinguishing device is reliably detected by the extinguishing mist.
In praktischen Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, daß sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dann besonders wirkungsvoll einsetzen läßt, wenn die Löschflüssigkeit, aus welcher der Löschflüssigkeitsnebel erzeugt wird, Wasser ist.In practical experiments it has been found that the method according to the invention can be used particularly effectively when the extinguishing liquid, from which the extinguishing liquid mist is generated, is water.
Eine zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besonders geeignete Vorrichtung, welche mit einem Löschdüsenkopf ausgestattet ist, der eine Löschschaumerzeugungseinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines gerichteten Löschschaumstrahls umfaßt, ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Löschdüsenkopf zusätzliche Löschdüsen zum Erzeugen von Löschflüssigkeitsnebelstrahlen umfaßt. Dabei kann vorzugsweise mindestens eine der Löschdüsen derart ausgerichtet sein, daß der aus ihr austretende Löschflüssigkeitsnebelstrahl in Richtung des Brandherdes gerichtet ist, während mindestens eine weitere Löschnebeldüse derart ausgerichtet ist, daß der aus ihr austretende Löschflüssigkeitsnebelstrahl in einer normal zur Austrittsrichtung des Löschschaumstrahles gerichtete Richtung austritt.A particularly suitable apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is equipped with an extinguishing nozzle head, which comprises an extinguishing foam generating means for generating a directed extinguishing foam jet, according to the invention is characterized in that the extinguishing nozzle head comprises additional extinguishing nozzles for generating extinguishing liquid mist. In this case, preferably at least one of the extinguishing nozzles to be aligned so that the exiting from her extinguishing liquid mist beam is directed towards the fire, while at least one further Löschnebeldüse is aligned such that exiting from her extinguishing liquid mist jet exits in a direction normal to the discharge direction of the extinguishing foam jet direction.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt eine transportable Löschpistole L in einer teilweise aufgebrochenen Seitenansicht.Further embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and are explained in more detail in the following description of an embodiment with reference to a drawing. The single figure shows a transportable extinguisher L in a partially broken side view.
Der Löschdüsenkopf 1 der transportablen Löschpistole L ist rotationssymmetrisch aufgebaut und weist auf seiner Stirnseite eine Stirnfläche 2 auf. Im Zentrum der Stirnfläche 2 ist eine zentrale Löschdüse 3 angeordnet. Die zentrale Löschdüse 3 ist mit einer ersten Versorgungsleitung 4 der Löschpistole L verbunden, welche im Gehäuserohr R der Löschpistole L verläuft.The extinguishing nozzle head 1 of the portable extinguisher gun L is rotationally symmetrical and has its End face an
An die Stirnfläche 2 des Löschdüsenkopfes 1 angeformt ist eine umlaufende Schrägfläche 5, die gegenüber der vorderen Stirnfläche 2 in einem Winkel α von annähernd 45° zurückweicht. Auf der Schrägfläche 4 sind Löschdüsen 6 angeordnet, welche mit einer zweiten, ebenfalls in dem Gehäuserohr R verlaufenden Versorgungsleitung 7 der Löschpistole L verbunden sind. Die Löschdüsen 6 sind in regelmäßigen Winkelabständen zueinander auf einem Kreis angeordnet, der konzentrisch zur Öffnung der zentralen Löschdüse 3 ausgerichtet ist. Die Austrittsrichtung des aus ihnen bei Druckbeaufschlagung mit Löschflüssigkeit austretenden Nebelstrahls ist im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Schrägfläche 5 gerichtet, so daß die Nebelstrahlen der Löschdüsen 5 im wesentlichen in dieselbe Richtung gerichtet sind wie der achsparallel zur Längsachse X des Löschdüsenkopfes 1 austretende Strahl, der durch die zentrale Löschdüse 3 erzeugt wird.Formed on the
Über ein handverstellbares Ventil V können die Versorgungsleitungen 4,7 gleichzeitig oder einzeln mit Löschfluid beaufschlagt werden.
An die Schrägfläche 5 schließt sich eine radial umlaufende, achsparallel zur Längsachse X des Löschdüsenkopfes 1 verlaufende Mantelfläche 8 an, auf der weitere, mit der Versorgungsleitung 7 verbundene Löschdüsen 9 angeordnet sind. Die Löschdüsen 9 geben bei Beaufschlagung mit Löschfluid ebenfalls einen Löschnebelstrahl ab. Dieser weist jedoch eine radial zur Längsachse X des Löschdüsenkopfes 1 gerichtete Komponente und eine in Richtung des Ventils V gerichtete Komponente auf, so daß die aus den Löschdüsen 9 austretenden Löschnebelstrahlen den rückwärtig und seitlich die Löschpistole L umgebenden Raum ausfüllen.Via a hand-adjustable valve V, the
The
Auf der zentralen Löschdüse 3 ist über ein Hülse 10 ein Schaumrohr 11 befestigt. Das Schaumrohr 11 weist einen Düsenkörper 12 auf, an dem eine in das Schaumrohr 11 ragende Injektordüse 13 ausgebildet ist. Die Bohrung 14 der Injektordüse 13 ist über eine Kammer des Düsenkörpers 11 und die Hülse 10 mit der zentralen Löschdüse 3 verbunden. Zwischen der Wandung des Schaumrohres 11 und dem Düsenkörper 12 sind hier nicht dargestellte Eintrittsöffnungen ausgebildet, über die Umgebungsluft in das Schaumrohr gesaugt wird.On the central
In Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Ventils V werden die Versorgungsleitungen 4 oder 7 gleichzeitig oder einzeln mit Löschfluid, vorzugsweise Wasser, beaufschlagt. Das Löschfluid weist dabei in beiden Versorgungsleitungen eine hohen Druck von mehr als 40 bar auf. Bei Druckbeaufschlagung der Versorgungsleitung 4 erzeugen die Löschdüsen 6 und 9 einen Löschnebel, bei dem die einzelnen Flüssigkeitströpfchen ein geringes Volumen aufweisen und fein verteilt mit hoher kinetischer Energie aus den Düsenöffnungen der Löschdüsen 6,9 in die Umgebung austreten. Dabei erreichen die aus den schräg nach vorne weisenden Löschdüsen 6 austretenden Nebelstrahlen die Umgebung des Brandherdes und kühlen die dort vorhandenen Gase unter Verdampfen und damit einhergehender Verdrängung des Sauerstoffes ab. Die aus den Löschdüsen 9 der Mantelfläche 8 austretenden Strahlen füllen demgegenüber den seitlichen und rückwärtigen Raum mit Löschnebel, so daß auch dort eine effiziente Herabsetzung der Temperatur erreicht wird. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur ein Übergreifen des Brandes auf den abgekühlten Bereich verhindert, sondern der die Löschpistole bedienende Feuerwehrmann gleichzeitig geschützt.Depending on the position of the valve V, the
Bei Druckbeaufschlagung der Versorgungsleitung 7 wird aus der zentralen Löschdüse 4 ein gerichteter, mit schaumbildendem Additiv vermengter Löschflüssigkeitsstrahl, unter hohem Druck aus der zentralen Löschdüse 3 ausgebracht. Dieser Strahl tritt in die Kammer des Düsenkörpers 12 des Strahlrohres 11 und wird dort zusätzlich verwirbelt. Der so verwirbelte Löschfluidstrahl tritt über die Düsenbohrung 13 in das Schaumrohr 11, in welches er nach Art des Venturi-Effekts Luft über die Eintrittsöffnungen des Schaumrohres einsaugt. Diese Luft vermischt sich mit dem fein zerstäubten Löschfluid unter Ausbildung eines feinporigen Schaums. Dieser Schaum tritt mit hoher kinetischer Energie aus dem Schaumrohr 11 aus und erreicht als gerichteter, kompakter Löschschaumstrahl den Brandherd.When pressurizing the
Durch das kombinierte Zusammenwirken der Abdeckung des Brandherdes durch den gerichteten Löschschaumstrahl und der Abkühlung der den Brandherd umgebenden Raums durch den Löschfluidnebel wird die Gefahr eines Übergreifens des Brandes auf zum Brandherd benachbarte Bereiche oder Gegenstände deutlich vermindert. Ebenso ist durch die Abkühlung der Umgebungstemperatur die Belastung und Gefährdung des Feuerwehrmanns während des Löschens herabgesetzt.Due to the combined interaction of the cover of the source of the fire through the directed extinguishing foam jet and the cooling of the space surrounding the fire by the extinguishing fluid mist, the risk of the fire spreading to areas or objects adjacent to the fire is significantly reduced. Likewise, by reducing the ambient temperature, the burden and endangerment of the firefighter during extinguishing is reduced.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird als Löschflüssigkeit vorzugsweise Wasser eingesetzt. Die dem Wassernebel anhaftenden Vorteile der Wärmebindung und der exzellenten Inertisierung sowie der Strahlungswärmeschutz für das Bedienungspersonal erhöhen die Effektivität und Einsatzfähigkeit des durch den auf die Zentraldüse aufgesetzten Hochdruckschaumerzeuger generierten Schaums.To carry out the process according to the invention, water is preferably used as extinguishing liquid. The advantages of heat bonding and excellent inerting inherent in the water mist, as well as the radiation heat protection for the operator, increase the effectiveness and operational capability of the foam generated by the high pressure foam generators placed on the center nozzle.
Besonders hervorzuheben ist, daß das Schaumrohr 11 auch dann zu einer erheblichen Verbesserung der Wurfweite des aus ihm austretenden Löschmittelstrahles führt, wenn dem Löschmittel kein schaumerzeugendes Additiv beigemischt ist, sondern lediglich die Löschflüssigkeit selbst als Strahl von hoher kinetischer Energie aus dem Schaumrohr 12 austritt. Die Verwendung des Schaumrohrs 12 beim reinen Flüssigkeitslöschen ist dann günstig, wenn beispielsweise ein gerichteter Löschflüssigkeitsstrahl benötigt wird, um aus größerer Entfernung den Brandherd zu erreichen. Darüber hinaus kann der durch das Schaumrohr konzentrierte Löschflüssigkeitsstrahl dazu benutzt werden, eine Benetzung von auch tief im Innern des Brandherdes verborgenen Glutnestern durch einen gezielten Strahl zu erreichen.It is particularly noteworthy that the
- Löschpistole LExtinguishing pistol L
- Löschdüsenkopf 1Extinguishing nozzle head 1
-
Stirnfläche 2
Face 2 -
zentrale Löschdüse 3
central extinguishing nozzle 3 -
Versorgungsleitung 4
Supply line 4 - Gehäuserohr RHousing tube R
-
Schrägfläche 5
Inclined surface 5 - Winkel αAngle α
-
Löschdüsen 6Extinguishing
nozzles 6 -
Versorgungsleitung 7
Supply line 7 - Längsachse XLongitudinal axis X
-
Mantelfläche 8
Lateral surface 8 -
Löschdüsen 9Extinguishing
nozzles 9 -
Hülse 10
Sleeve 10 -
Schaumrohr 11
Foam tube 11 -
Düsenkörper 12
Nozzle body 12 -
Injektordüse 13
Injector nozzle 13 - Bohrung 14Bore 14
Claims (11)
- Method for firefighting in which a directed jet of extinguisher foam is put out so as to cover the source of fire
characterized in that
a jet of extinguisher liquid enters from a centrally arranged extinguisher nozzle under high pressure a chamber of a nozzle body of a jet pipe and after swirling in the chamber enters the jet pipe, within which the jet of extinguisher fluid mixes with air and creates a jet of fine-pore extinguisher foam and
additionally to the jet of extinguisher foam a liquid extinguisher fog in form of a plurality of individual extinguisher fog sprays, which respective origins are in close proximity to the origin of the jet of extinguisher foam, which cools the volume surrounding the source of fire, is put out. - Method of claim 1, characterized in that the application of the extinguisher liquid fog optionally depends on the position of a control device (V).
- Method of claim 2, characterized in that a part of the individual extinguisher sprays is directed in the direction of the source of the fire, while another part is directed perpendicularly aligned with the axis (X) of the jet of extinguisher foam.
- Method of claim 3, characterized in that at least one individual extinguisher fog spray is directed in a direction pointing away from the source of the fire.
- Method of claim 3, characterized in that the extinguisher liquid from which the extinguisher liquid fog is made, is water.
- Device for performing a method of any one of claims 1 to 5 with an extinguisher nozzle head (1) with a centrally arranged extinguisher nozzle (3) and a foam generating unit (12) for generating a directed jet of extinguisher foam,
characterized in that,
the foam generating unit (12) comprises a jet pipe with a nozzle body (12) comprising a chamber such that the extinguisher liquid jet emanating from the extinguisher nozzle under high pressure swirls in the chamber of the nozzle body (12) and thereafter enters the jet pipe (11) to create by mixing with air a fine-pore extinguisher foam and
the extinguisher nozzle head (1) further comprises additional extinguisher nozzles (6,9) arranged in close proximity of the centrally arranged extinguisher nozzle to create liquid fog sprays, which cool the volume surrounding the source of fire. - Device of claim 6, characterized in that at least one of the extinguisher nozzles (6) is directed such that the jet of extinguisher liquid fog emanating from it is directed in the direction of fire, wherein at least one further extinguisher nozzle (9) is directed such that the jet of extinguisher liquid fog emanating from it is directed perpendicular aligned with the direction of the jet of extinguisher foam.
- Device of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the extinguisher nozzles (6, 9) are arranged, regularly spaced apart, around the extinguisher foam generating unit (12).
- Device of claim 8, characterized in that the extinguisher nozzles (6, 9) are arranged on a circle whose centre coincides with the central axis (X) of the jet of extinguisher foam emanating from the extinguisher foam generating unit (12).
- Device of any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the extinguisher nozzle head (1) comprises a radially surrounding casing surface (8), a substantially plane surface (2) and a bevelled surface (5) arranged between the plane front surface (2) and the casing surface (8), said bevelled surface tapering from the casing surface (8) in the direction of the front surface (2), and in that several extinguisher nozzles (9, 6) are arranged on the casing surface (8) and the bevelled surface (5).
- Device of any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that a valve device (V) is provided by means of which extinguisher liquid can be applied to the extinguisher nozzles (6, 9) and the extinguisher foam generating unit (12) as selected either individually, together or in various groups.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19841874 | 1998-09-11 | ||
| DE19841874A DE19841874A1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | Method and appliance for fire extinguishing comprise foam generator enclosed by extra nozzles. radial outer surface, end and sloping surfaces |
| PCT/EP1999/006756 WO2000015301A1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-13 | Method and device for fighting fires |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1112107A1 EP1112107A1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
| EP1112107B1 true EP1112107B1 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
Family
ID=7880806
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99947328A Expired - Lifetime EP1112107B1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1999-09-13 | Method and device for fighting fires |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6830109B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1112107B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002524220A (en) |
| KR (2) | KR20010075040A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1135124C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE447429T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6082099A (en) |
| DE (3) | DE19841874A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000015301A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100685005B1 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2007-02-20 | 주식회사 거송시스템 | Fire-Fighting Apparatus |
| CN104114242B (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2017-03-22 | 金盛宇 | Venturi sprinkler for controlling smoke and apparatus for removing smoke and poisonous gas |
| CN102886111B (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2015-09-09 | 姬永兴 | A kind of two extinguishing chemical ejecting gun and method thereof |
| RU193850U1 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-11-19 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ника Системы" | Fire barrel |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH183335A (en) * | 1935-05-08 | 1936-03-31 | Minimax A G Zuerich | Process for converting wet fire extinguishers into foam fire extinguishers. |
| DE19519316A1 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-28 | Klaus Schaefer | Fire fighting method and apparatus |
| US5590719A (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1997-01-07 | Mcloughlin; John E. | Firefighting nozzle with foam injection system |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2527891A (en) | 1946-10-01 | 1950-10-31 | Fmc Corp | Valved nozzle for fire fighting spray guns |
| US2928611A (en) | 1958-11-17 | 1960-03-15 | Elkhart Brass Mfg Company | Fire hose nozzle |
| GB1018431A (en) * | 1963-01-08 | 1966-01-26 | Foamite Ltd | Apparatus for producing foam |
| US3684019A (en) * | 1971-05-07 | 1972-08-15 | Howard W Emmons | Method for fighting a fire |
| JPS5797562U (en) * | 1980-12-04 | 1982-06-15 | ||
| JPS60119450U (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1985-08-12 | 末永 博敏 | Fire extinguishing nozzle |
| JPH0450044Y2 (en) * | 1986-09-10 | 1992-11-25 | ||
| JPS63119782A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-05-24 | 能美防災株式会社 | Fire extinguishing nozzle |
| JPH0315541U (en) * | 1989-06-27 | 1991-02-15 | ||
| WO1994006567A1 (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-03-31 | Sundholm Goeran | Nozzle with helical spring which sets liquid in whirling motion |
| WO1996033774A1 (en) * | 1995-04-22 | 1996-10-31 | Kamat-Pumpen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Portable fire extinguishing nozzle arrangement |
| DE19514939C2 (en) | 1995-04-22 | 1997-09-18 | Kamat Pumpen Gmbh & Co Kg | Extinguishing nozzle head |
| DK174899B1 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 2004-02-09 | Firexpress Aps | fire extinguishing device |
-
1998
- 1998-09-11 DE DE19841874A patent/DE19841874A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-09-13 KR KR1020017003133A patent/KR20010075040A/en active Search and Examination
- 1999-09-13 CN CNB998120987A patent/CN1135124C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-13 WO PCT/EP1999/006756 patent/WO2000015301A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-09-13 US US09/786,637 patent/US6830109B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-13 KR KR1020077020620A patent/KR20070094992A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-13 EP EP99947328A patent/EP1112107B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-13 AU AU60820/99A patent/AU6082099A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-13 DE DE59915100T patent/DE59915100D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-13 AT AT99947328T patent/ATE447429T1/en active
- 1999-09-13 JP JP2000569885A patent/JP2002524220A/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-09-13 DE DE29924875U patent/DE29924875U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH183335A (en) * | 1935-05-08 | 1936-03-31 | Minimax A G Zuerich | Process for converting wet fire extinguishers into foam fire extinguishers. |
| US5590719A (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1997-01-07 | Mcloughlin; John E. | Firefighting nozzle with foam injection system |
| DE19519316A1 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-28 | Klaus Schaefer | Fire fighting method and apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1112107A1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
| WO2000015301A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
| ATE447429T1 (en) | 2009-11-15 |
| KR20010075040A (en) | 2001-08-09 |
| KR20070094992A (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| DE19841874A1 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
| CN1323235A (en) | 2001-11-21 |
| CN1135124C (en) | 2004-01-21 |
| DE59915100D1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| DE29924875U1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
| AU6082099A (en) | 2000-04-03 |
| US6830109B1 (en) | 2004-12-14 |
| JP2002524220A (en) | 2002-08-06 |
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