EP1109177B1 - Procédé pour commuter une charge - Google Patents

Procédé pour commuter une charge Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1109177B1
EP1109177B1 EP00127552A EP00127552A EP1109177B1 EP 1109177 B1 EP1109177 B1 EP 1109177B1 EP 00127552 A EP00127552 A EP 00127552A EP 00127552 A EP00127552 A EP 00127552A EP 1109177 B1 EP1109177 B1 EP 1109177B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
load
switching
time interval
time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00127552A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1109177A2 (fr
EP1109177A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Abert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2000113928 external-priority patent/DE10013928C2/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1109177A2 publication Critical patent/EP1109177A2/fr
Publication of EP1109177A3 publication Critical patent/EP1109177A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1109177B1 publication Critical patent/EP1109177B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H2047/008—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current with a drop in current upon closure of armature or change of inductance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H2047/046—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current with measuring of the magnetic field, e.g. of the magnetic flux, for the control of coil current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for switching a load, to which a switching voltage can be supplied.
  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for performing the method.
  • a method and a device for protecting an AC circuit are known from the closest prior art DE 41 32 208 C1. Measures are provided which enable an inductive load to be switched on without the occurrence of undesirably high inrush currents.
  • EP 0 618 667 B1 discloses a method for controlling the alternating current in a load circuit and a device for carrying out the method.
  • a test program determines the type of the connected load, so that controllable semiconductors can be operated in the phase control with inductive load and in the phase control with capacitive and / or ohmic load.
  • a drive system for a solenoid valve is known from US Pat. No. 5,938,172.
  • the drive system can be used to generate two types of high voltages with simple means.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method of the type mentioned which, regardless of the type of load to be switched, be it an ohmic load, a lamp load, a capacitive load, a inductive load with or without moving parts, this load can be switched.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • a circuit arrangement is to be specified in claim 4, which is suitable for performing the method.
  • An embodiment of the invention according to the measures specified in claim 2 causes a lower energy requirement when the inductive load is switched with movable parts and also speeds up shutdown processes.
  • the invention can be used in particular in digital output units for programmable logic controllers.
  • Essential components of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1 are a sensor unit 1, which is provided to detect the change in a load current 11, a controllable switch 3 in the form of a MOSFET switch and a voltage generating unit 4.
  • a DC supply voltage 5 can be supplied to the voltage generating unit 4 , from which the voltage generation unit 4 generates 6 switching voltages depending on a control signal 6 generated by the sensor unit 1 and supplied to the voltage generation unit 4.
  • two switching voltages are provided, a maximum voltage of 48 VDC and a holding voltage of 16 VDC, which are generated from a supply voltage of 24 VDC.
  • a control signal 9 can be fed to the controllable switch 3 via a control output 7 of a programmable logic controller and via potential-isolating means 8, an activated control signal 9 closing the switch 3. This has the effect that a switching voltage 10 is supplied to the load 2 and the load current 11 through the load 2 via a ground connection M flows off. Further components of the circuit arrangement such as storage choke 12, quenching element 13 and overvoltage protection device 14 are of no importance for the invention and therefore do not need to be explained in more detail.
  • FIG. 2 In which current and voltage profiles are shown.
  • the load 2 (FIG. 1) is supplied with an abrupt maximum voltage Um, which, for. B. corresponds to twice the nominal load voltage Un.
  • This maximum voltage Um causes a rapid increase in a load current I.
  • the sensor unit 1 detects a current shoulder Ss in the load current profile, which, for. B. is caused by the movement of an anchor and the flow change caused thereby.
  • the sensor unit 1 then activates the control signal 6, as a result of which the voltage generating unit 4 at the time T1 suddenly reduces the switching voltage from the maximum voltage Um to a holding voltage Uh, which in a practical exemplary embodiment of the invention is two thirds of the nominal load voltage Un.
  • the inductive load 2 Due to the increased switching voltage Um between times T0 and T1 and the reduced switching voltage Uh from time T1, on the one hand, the inductive load 2 is switched quickly and, on the other hand, the energy requirement during switched load 2 is reduced, with a holding current from time T2 in the steady state Ih flows through the load 2.
  • the time interval is selected in accordance with the technical specifications in the data sheets of the inductive load to be switched so that it is ensured that the current shoulder Ss occurs within this predetermined time interval. In this case the circuit arrangement according to FIG.
  • FIG. 3a shows a switching voltage in the form of a DC voltage, the maximum voltage Um being twice the nominal load voltage Un and the holding voltage Uh being two thirds of this nominal load voltage Un.
  • Such a DC voltage with variable amplitude is generated by the voltage generating unit 4 (FIG. 1), which varies the switching voltage as a function of the control signal 6.
  • FIG. 3b shows a clocked version, with the DC component of the holding voltage of two thirds of the nominal load voltage being achieved from an instant T3 by an AC voltage with a corresponding amplitude and clock rate.
  • Such a pulsating DC voltage with constant amplitude and variable pulse-pause ratio can advantageously be used as a switching voltage in a circuit arrangement shown in FIG. 4 for switching several inductive loads with movable parts.
  • the control of only one output channel is shown in FIG.
  • the same parts in Figures 4 and 1 are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • a voltage generating unit 4 ' connects the maximum voltage Um (FIG. 3b) to the inductive load 2 via the controllable switch 3 and a sensor unit 1'.
  • the sensor unit 1 In the event that the sensor unit 1 'detects a current shoulder and / or a predeterminable time interval has elapsed, the sensor unit 1 'connects an AND logic element 16 to a pulse-pause signal 6', as a result of which the controllable switch 3 switches the maximum voltage Um in accordance with the pulse-pause ratio (duty cycle) of this pulse-pause signal switches on or off.
  • This switching on or off of the maximum voltage Um in accordance with the duty cycle that can be predetermined by the sensor unit generates a constant component from time T3 (FIG. 3b), which corresponds to the holding voltage Uh (FIG. 3a).
  • FIG. 5 A circuit arrangement for switching a load, regardless of the type of load to be switched, be it an ohmic load, a capacitive load, an inductive load with or without movable parts, is shown in simplified form in FIG.
  • the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 5 has a time generator 15, which is provided for specifying evaluation time intervals.
  • a first evaluation time interval is provided to recognize whether the load to be switched is an inductive or another load, e.g. B. is an ohmic, capacitive or lamp load.
  • a second time interval is provided, in which it can be detected whether the inductive load is an inductive load with or without moving parts.
  • the respective start and end of the time intervals are indicated by the time generator 15 of the voltage generating unit 4, which in this time intervals supplies the switching 2 with the corresponding switching voltages as a function of the control signal 6 via the switch 3, as will be shown below.
  • FIG. 6 For a more detailed illustration of the function and mode of operation of the circuit arrangement shown in FIG. 5, reference is made to FIG. 6, in which current and voltage profiles are shown, with voltage and current profiles of an ohmic, a capacitive and a lamp load being shown in FIG. 6a between a switch-on point in time t1 and a switch-off point in time t4, a voltage and current curve of an inductive load without movable parts between these points in time are shown in FIG. 6b and a voltage and current curve of an inductive load with movable parts between these points in time in FIG. 6c.
  • a first switching voltage Un which essentially corresponds to the nominal voltage of the load 2 to be switched, is suddenly switched to the load 2 to be switched .
  • the sensor unit 1 detects the load current I and supplies the voltage generating unit 4 with a control signal 6 corresponding to this load current I.
  • the voltage generating unit 4 switches the Load 2 continues to the first switching voltage Un until the switch-off time t4.
  • the voltage generating unit 4 first increases the switching voltage to a maximum switching voltage Um in a sudden or clocked manner, as a result of which the inductive load is switched quickly is effected.
  • the sensor unit 1 In order to recognize whether the inductive load is an inductive load with movable parts or an inductive load without movable parts, it is necessary that the sensor unit 1 during a predefinable second time interval following the first time interval between the time t2 and a third time t3 continues to record the load current.
  • the voltage generating unit 4 reduces the switching voltage in a step-wise or clocked manner to a holding voltage from the third time t3 to the switch-off time t4 Uh, which is less than the nominal load voltage Un, which reduces the energy consumption.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé pour commuter une charge (2) à laquelle une tension de commutation (U, Un, Um, Uh) peut être envoyée,
       caractérisé par les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    a) branchement brusque de la tension de commutation sur une première tension pouvant être prescrite qui correspond globalement à la tension nominale (Un) de la charge à commuter (2),
    b) détection du courant de charge (I) pendant un premier intervalle de temps pouvant être prescrit entre un premier instant (t1) et un deuxième instant (t2),
    c) maintien à un niveau constant de la première tension pouvant être prescrite (Un) jusqu'à la coupure de la tension de commutation à un instant de coupure (t4) si le courant de charge (I) chute ou reste identique dans le premier intervalle de temps,
    d) augmentation brusque ou cadencée de la tension de commutation à une tension de commutation maximale (Um) si le courant de charge augmente dans le premier intervalle de temps, sachant que, si un décrochement de courant de charge (Ss) est détecté pendant un deuxième intervalle de temps pouvant être prescrit qui fait suite au premier intervalle de temps et qui est compris entre le deuxième instant (t2) et un troisième instant (t3), la tension de commutation est réduite de façon brusque ou cadencée à une tension de maintien (Uh) à partir du troisième instant (t3) jusqu'à l'instant de coupure (t4) et, si aucun décrochement de courant de charge (Ss) n'est détecté pendant le deuxième intervalle de temps, la tension de commutation est réduite de façon brusque ou cadencée à la première tension de commutation (Un) à partir du troisième instant (t3) jusqu'à l'instant de coupure (t4).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la tension de maintien (Uh) est inférieure à la tension nominale de charge (Un).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la tension de commutation est une tension continue avec amplitude variable ou une tension continue pulsée avec amplitude constante et rapport impulsions-pauses (taux d'impulsions) variable.
  4. Circuit pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel il est prévu des moyens (1) pour détecter le décrochement de courant de charge (Ss) et des moyens pour prescrire un intervalle de temps et dans lequel ces moyens (1) sont branchés en série avec la charge (2) et avec un interrupteur commandable (3), caractérisé par le fait que ces moyens (1) sont reliés à des moyens de production de tension (4) qui produisent une tension de commutation (Un, Um, Uh) qui peut être envoyée à la charge (2) par l'intermédiaire de l'interrupteur commandable (3), un générateur temporel (15) étant prévu pour indiquer aux moyens de production de tension (4) pendant combien de temps les tensions de commutation respectives (Un, Um, Uh) sont à envoyer à la charge (2).
  5. Unité de sortie numérique pour une commande par programme enregistré avec un circuit selon la revendication 4, un signal de commande (6) pouvant être envoyé à l'interrupteur commandable (3) par une CPU de la commande par programme enregistré.
  6. Unité de sortie numérique selon la revendication 5 avec plusieurs canaux de sortie, dans laquelle peuvent être raccordés à chaque canal
    - une charge (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un interrupteur commandable (3), et
    - des moyens (1) pour détecter le décrochement de courant de charge (Ss).
EP00127552A 1999-12-16 2000-12-15 Procédé pour commuter une charge Expired - Lifetime EP1109177B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19961029 1999-12-16
DE19961029 1999-12-16
DE10013928 2000-03-21
DE2000113928 DE10013928C2 (de) 2000-03-21 2000-03-21 Verfahren zum Schalten einer Last

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1109177A2 EP1109177A2 (fr) 2001-06-20
EP1109177A3 EP1109177A3 (fr) 2002-04-17
EP1109177B1 true EP1109177B1 (fr) 2004-04-28

Family

ID=26004935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00127552A Expired - Lifetime EP1109177B1 (fr) 1999-12-16 2000-12-15 Procédé pour commuter une charge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1109177B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE265738T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50006237D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2219253T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9013854B2 (en) 2001-02-14 2015-04-21 Xio, Inc. Configurable solenoid actuation method and apparatus
CN103354943B (zh) * 2010-10-25 2019-12-03 Xio股份有限公司 可配置电磁线圈的驱动方法及装置
WO2015077410A1 (fr) * 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Eaton Corporation Solénoïde et procédé de commande associé

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3817770A1 (de) * 1988-05-26 1989-11-30 Daimler Benz Ag Einrichtung zur getakteten ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen ventils
JP3616223B2 (ja) * 1996-12-27 2005-02-02 株式会社ボッシュオートモーティブシステム 電磁弁駆動装置
DE19719602A1 (de) * 1997-05-09 1998-11-12 Fahrzeugklimaregelung Gmbh Elektronische Steuerschaltung
DE19734895C2 (de) * 1997-08-12 2002-11-28 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ansteuern wenigstens eines kapazitiven Stellgliedes
DE19821561A1 (de) * 1998-05-14 1999-11-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1109177A2 (fr) 2001-06-20
DE50006237D1 (de) 2004-06-03
ATE265738T1 (de) 2004-05-15
EP1109177A3 (fr) 2002-04-17
ES2219253T3 (es) 2004-12-01

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