EP1107837B1 - Procede de formage de piece sous haute pression interne - Google Patents

Procede de formage de piece sous haute pression interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1107837B1
EP1107837B1 EP99932866A EP99932866A EP1107837B1 EP 1107837 B1 EP1107837 B1 EP 1107837B1 EP 99932866 A EP99932866 A EP 99932866A EP 99932866 A EP99932866 A EP 99932866A EP 1107837 B1 EP1107837 B1 EP 1107837B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oscillation
accordance
forming
work piece
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99932866A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1107837A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre Bonny
Matthias Schröder
Stefan Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1107837A1 publication Critical patent/EP1107837A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1107837B1 publication Critical patent/EP1107837B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/047—Mould construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B21C37/294—Forming collars by compressing a fluid or a yieldable or resilient mass in the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/037—Forming branched tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/008—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 involving vibration, e.g. ultrasonic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
    • Y10S72/71—Vibrating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for hydroforming a workpiece according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a device for performing the same according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • a device according to the preamble of claim 11 is from CH-A-334 023 known.
  • a generic method or a generic device is also known from DE 94 07 812.2 U1.
  • a hollow profile forming the workpiece in a longitudinal the extension of the hollow profile divided internal high pressure forming tool inserted, after which this is closed.
  • the hollow profile is then axially punched at both ends sealed.
  • the axial punch are fluidly connected to a pressure generator.
  • internal pressure is generated by means of the pressure generator of the hollow profile applied, whereby this expanded until it lies against the wall of the tool engraving.
  • the tool engraving shows one of the hollow profile extension radially discharging branch into which the hollow profile material due to the high pressure inside Formation of a neck is pushed into it. Here too the material attaches itself to the branch wall.
  • the expansion process within the branch is by one in the branch slidably guided counter slide stabilized, which supports the necking in the end area.
  • the expansion process within the branch is by one in the branch slidably guided counter slide stabilized, which supports the necking in the end area.
  • the invention has for its object a generic Method and a generic device to that effect to further develop that process reliability in hydroforming of workpieces is improved.
  • a thinning of material in the molding area is thus counteracted, one for the Forming more favorable material distribution, especially one achieved more uniform wall thickness distribution and / or the Degree of deformation can be increased.
  • a Branch from the engraving i.e. in the formation of a neck this can mean an increase in the extension length.
  • the process limits are e.g. with respect to the production of secondary form elements can be expanded. Of more can due to the increased material replenishment also narrower radii on the workpiece without the occurrence of a Cracks can be trained reliably.
  • Overall will by the invention an improved forming of Workpieces made of materials with low deformability reached. By partially decoupling the process parameters from the tribological conditions achieved higher process stability.
  • the vibration in its amplitude and frequency with regard to the workpiece material and the degree of deformation of the shape to be achieved that is Geometry of the finished workpiece or other relevant Adapt process parameters accordingly.
  • the body vibration of the friction partners also leads when using lubricants on the surface of the workpiece for a more even distribution of lubricants, which leads to a further reduction in friction. Due to the vibrating relative movement of the friction partners to each other and the activation of the brought Lubricant becomes an adhesive contact with a simultaneous reduction sliding friction largely avoided, or the transition from static to sliding friction (stick-slip effect) significantly reduced. This makes it a less demanding one Lubricant choice and / or a lower lubricant application or even a waiver of lubricant with warranty an improved forming possible.
  • Fig. 1 is a device 1 for expanding internal high pressure forming of a workpiece 2 shown in this embodiment formed by a hollow profile but also from two superimposed boards may exist for the purpose of expanding the boards.
  • the device 1 includes a hydroforming tool 3, which in a Upper tool 4 and a lower tool 5 is divided, which with their engravings 6 the mold space 7 for the to be expanded Form hollow profile 2.
  • the upper tool 4 has a radial branch 8 protruding from the main direction of the molding space 7 in which a the internal high pressure within the hollow profile 2 counteracting stamp 9 of the device 1 is guided.
  • the controlled controllable Counter stamp 9 serves to stabilize the material flow of the workpiece material when the branch is formed 8 true-to-contour neckline 10 and thus serves one reliable molding at this point of the hollow profile 2, the counter-punch 9 receding as the neck length increases.
  • the upper tool 4 has several tool parts 11, 12 and 13, the tool part 11 having a housing forms to the hollow profile 2 open upper receiving space 14, in which the other two tool parts 12 and 13, which for the widening forming essential section of the engraving 6 include, held movable relative to the hollow profile 2 are.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen that the tool parts 12 and 13 radially to the rectilinear section of the Hollow profile 2 are movable.
  • the tool part 13 alone, the area of the branch 8 limited, radial to itself when subjected to internal high pressure forming neck 10 is movable.
  • the tool part 13 is on a side wall 15 of the receiving space 14 is slidably supported.
  • the lower tool 5 has a lower one which is open at the top Recording space 17 in which a tool part 18 of the lower tool 5, which essentially includes the lower engraving, is guided for lifting.
  • the hollow profile 2 is the further sealed at both ends by a sealing stamp 19, which during the forming process is either rigid at one time assumed position of use while ensuring a tight metallic clamp connection between the hollow profile 2 and the sealing cone 20 of the sealing plunger 19 remains or the one corresponding to the expansion of the Hollow section 2 resulting axial shortening of the hollow section 2 is trackable.
  • the seal can also be used instead of the sealing cone 20 via a suitable radial seal.
  • the counter-stamp 9 gradually becomes retracted, the hollow profile material as a bubble in the free by the withdrawal of the counter-stamp 9 Expansion space displaced by means of the internal high pressure becomes. This bubble lengthens the further the counter-stamp 9 is moved back and lies on the wall of the branch 8 to form the neck 10.
  • the device 1 contains at least one body vibration exciter, at least during the forming process vibrates a friction partner in such a way that a radial relative movement of the friction partners to each other reveals that their placement between the maxima 22nd the body vibration is canceled (Fig. 3 and 4).
  • the tool parts 11, 12, 13 and 18 oscillating together or independently of one another Vibration frequency in the Hertz or Kilohertz range, but preferably in the range of 0 ⁇ ⁇ 200 Hz mechanically by means of a reciprocating piston as vibration exciter, which can be moved back and forth via an eccentric drive is to be moved.
  • the body vibration is thereby in the form of a longitudinal wave directed towards the hollow profile 2 is initiated.
  • the vibration exciter can too a piezo element or a pulsed electromagnet.
  • the vibration exciter can save space in the forming tool 3 be integrated.
  • An acoustic is also conceivable Excitation of the tool parts 11, 12, 13 and 18.
  • Des the counter-stamp 9 can also be equipped with such Vibration exciter is provided, where the system of Cap 24 of the neck 10 on the end face 21 of the counter-punch 9 is reduced by the vibration. includes the device 1 additionally punch for punching of holes on the circumference of the hollow profile 2 or shaping Stamps, for example, when forming blanks, can these can also be coupled with a vibration exciter.
  • vibration can be damped by means of of a spring-damper system 25, which are in the lower tool 5 on the one hand on the floor 26 of its receiving space 17 and on the other hand on the side facing the bottom 26 27 of the tool part 18 supports.
  • this system 25 In the upper tool 4 supports this system 25 on the ceiling wall 28 of the receiving space 14 on the one hand and on the other hand on the facing sides 29.30 of the tool parts 12 and 13.
  • the locking force the tool parts 11, 12, 13 and 18 swing into their respective Normal position back during the forming process. in this connection it is conceivable that the locking force increases until the end of the process (Fig. 3) or throughout the process remains constant (Fig. 4).
  • the vibration can be a pure sine wave 23 run with flat amplitudes (FIG.
  • the sawtooth shape and the Rectangular pulses are advantageous for the process in that that due to the very steep flanks of the Vibration patterns periodically a spontaneous complete cancellation the system of the two friction partners can be achieved, which reduces the overall friction particularly strongly becomes. It is also conceivable that the entire upper tool 4 or / and the entire lower tool 5 for swinging is excited.
  • the vibration excitation can also be rotary by initiation of a torsional vibration if - as in FIG. 2 is shown - the friction partner, the hollow profile 2 and a the engraving 6 includes two half-shells Tool part 34 of the forming tool 3, rotationally symmetrical are trained.
  • the half shells are in the upper tool 4 or in the lower tool 5 in short circumferential grooves held. While the tool part 34 directly in Circumferential direction by a few degrees of angle or even only fractions of which can be driven back and forth quickly, the torsional vibration must be introduced into the hollow section 2 be conveyed by the sealing stamp 19, the one the rotary actuator forming the vibration exciter accordingly the direction of the arrow is driven.
  • Tool part 34 favored by a torsional vibration in tool-technically simple way of feeding Hollow profile material from the end region of the hollow profile 2, since the end area of the remaining hollow profile 2 of the excitation point is closest and therefore most intensely recorded becomes. It is due to the relatively small size too actuating mass of the tool part no high travel and Bearing forces required. It is also an education of the tool part 34 possible as a closed sleeve, which in corresponding recesses of the lower tool 5 in front of the Forming is inserted and then by the not yet formed, straight hollow profile 2 is passed through. Then the upper tool 4 is on the lower tool 5 is lowered and thus the forming tool 3 closed to the sequence of the forming.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de formage d'une pièce (2) sous haute pression interne dans un outil de formage sous haute pression interne, clos (3), dans lequel la pièce (2) s'expanse du fait de la haute pression interne fluidique exercée par un générateur de pression et s'appuie contre la surface en contact avec la pièce de l'outil de formage (3), la pièce (2) et l'outil de formage (3) formant dans les zones d'appui des partenaires de frottement (2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 34),
    caractérisé par le fait que pendant le formage au moins l'un des partenaires de frottement (2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 34) est directement mis en vibration (23, 31) par un excitateur en vibration.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que la vibration (23, 31) passe dans la pièce (2) sous forme d'une onde transversale qui se propage le long du tracé de la pièce.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitation en vibration se fait mécaniquement.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitation en vibration se fait au moyen d'un piézo-élément.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitation en vibration se fait par voie acoustique.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que la l'excitation en vibration se fait par voie électromagnétique.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que la vibration (23, 31) passe dans au moins une partie (11, 12, 13, 18) de l'outil de formage sous forme d'une onde longitudinale orientée selon la pièce (2).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que la vibration (23, 31) présente une fréquence sur la plage des hertz ou des kilohertz, en particulier sur la plage de 0 < ν ≤ 200 Hz.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que, lors de la conception des partenaires de frottement en symétrie de rotation, l'excitation en vibration se fait par passage d'une vibration rotative.
  10. Dispositif pour le formage sous haute pression interne dune pièce (2) comportant un outil de formage sous haute pression interne (3) divisé le long de l'extension de la pièce et relié à un générateur de pression d'un fluide, dans lequel, dans l'état en expansion de la pièce, l'outil de formage (3) et la pièce (2) forment des partenaires de frottement (2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 34) et comportant au moins un poinçon d'étanchéité (19) au moyen duquel la pièce peut être rendue étanche selon la direction axiale, pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif (1) contient au moins un excitateur en vibration qui est réalisé de façon à être couplé activement en vibration avec au moins l'un des partenaires de frottement (2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 34) et à pouvoir le mettre directement en vibration pendant le formage.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitateur en vibration est un piézo-élément.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitateur en vibration est un électro-aimant.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitateur en vibration est un piston de vérin (32) auquel un mécanisme à excentrique (33) donne un mouvement de va-et-vient.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé par le fait que dans le cas de l'excitation en vibration d'au moins une partie (11, 12, 13, 18, 34) de la pièce, l'excitateur en vibration est intégré dans l'outil de formage (3).
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitateur en vibration est un moteur réglant rotatif qui est en contact actif avec un partenaire de frottement (2, 34) conçu symétrique en rotation.
  16. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé par le fait que l'excitateur en vibration est couplé à la pièce (2) par l'intermédiaire du poinçon d'étanchéité (19).
EP99932866A 1998-08-28 1999-07-10 Procede de formage de piece sous haute pression interne Expired - Lifetime EP1107837B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19839353 1998-08-28
DE19839353A DE19839353C1 (de) 1998-08-28 1998-08-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Innenhochdruckumformen eines Werkstückes
PCT/EP1999/004888 WO2000012240A1 (fr) 1998-08-28 1999-07-10 Procede de formage de piece sous haute pression interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1107837A1 EP1107837A1 (fr) 2001-06-20
EP1107837B1 true EP1107837B1 (fr) 2002-08-28

Family

ID=7879126

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99932866A Expired - Lifetime EP1107837B1 (fr) 1998-08-28 1999-07-10 Procede de formage de piece sous haute pression interne

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6578400B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1107837B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE222822T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2342188C (fr)
DE (2) DE19839353C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2181455T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000012240A1 (fr)

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WO2007003285A1 (fr) * 2005-07-02 2007-01-11 Daimlerchrysler Ag Procede et dispositif pour realiser un profile creux referme en circonference

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US6322645B1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-11-27 William C. Dykstra Method of forming a tubular blank into a structural component and die therefor
DE10055608A1 (de) 2000-11-09 2002-05-23 Daimler Chrysler Ag Lenkspindelanordnung und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
AU2002219003A1 (en) * 2000-12-12 2002-06-24 Schweitzer, Karl Heinz Internal high pressure forming device and method and corresponding tool system
EP1340558A1 (fr) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-03 Alcan Technology & Management AG Méthode de formage à haute pression interne d' un profilé courbé creux à une ou plusieurs chambres
AU2003272320A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-04-30 William C. Dykstra Improved method of forming a tubular blank into a structural component and die therefor
DE20302615U1 (de) 2003-02-17 2004-07-15 Tower Automotive Gmbh & Co. Kg Hohlformteil mit geschlossenem Querschnitt und einer Verstärkung
DE10344941B4 (de) * 2003-09-27 2006-09-28 Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Steuern einer Werkstückhaltekraft einer Presse zum Tiefziehen von Werkstücken
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WO2008043173A1 (fr) * 2006-10-13 2008-04-17 Magna International Inc. Formage de métal assisté par vibration
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TWI504451B (zh) * 2012-09-14 2015-10-21 Ind Tech Res Inst 管件的製法及其液壓成型模具
DE102013018734A1 (de) 2013-11-08 2014-07-17 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Innenhochdruckumformen eines Bauteils
CN104438540B (zh) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-29 西安交通大学 一种扭力梁的低压内高压成形装置
EP3641961A4 (fr) * 2017-06-18 2021-03-31 Voss Industries, LLC Ensemble de raccord d'écoulement fluidique hybride
CN114273859B (zh) * 2021-12-23 2022-12-06 福建同越管件有限公司 一种免焊接一体成型的空调分歧管制作方法
CN114669649A (zh) * 2022-03-08 2022-06-28 浙江海亮股份有限公司 一种黄铜三通毛坯成型工艺
CN116078856B (zh) * 2023-02-08 2023-08-15 沧州泰昌管道装备有限公司 一种三通的成型模具

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6578400B1 (en) 2003-06-17
DE59902483D1 (de) 2002-10-02
DE19839353C1 (de) 1999-11-11
CA2342188A1 (fr) 2000-03-09
CA2342188C (fr) 2007-03-13
ATE222822T1 (de) 2002-09-15
WO2000012240A1 (fr) 2000-03-09
EP1107837A1 (fr) 2001-06-20
ES2181455T3 (es) 2003-02-16

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