EP1101812B1 - Procede pour transformer en petrole des dechets plastiques contenant du chlore - Google Patents

Procede pour transformer en petrole des dechets plastiques contenant du chlore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1101812B1
EP1101812B1 EP99926929A EP99926929A EP1101812B1 EP 1101812 B1 EP1101812 B1 EP 1101812B1 EP 99926929 A EP99926929 A EP 99926929A EP 99926929 A EP99926929 A EP 99926929A EP 1101812 B1 EP1101812 B1 EP 1101812B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic waste
chlorine
oilification
carbonate
aqueous solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99926929A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1101812A1 (fr
EP1101812A4 (fr
Inventor
Yoshihisa Tohoku Electric Power Co. Inc. SAITO
Takehiko Tohoku Electric Power Co. Inc. MORIYA
Masanori Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd TABATA
Naohiko Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. UKAWA
Masato Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. KANEKO
Kazuto Mitsubishi Heavy Ind. Ltd. Kobayashi
Shigeo Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd HASEGAWA
Wataru Mitsubishi Heavy Ind. Ltd. MATSUBARA
Kenji Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. IWASAKI
Michio Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. OHSHIMA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc
Publication of EP1101812A1 publication Critical patent/EP1101812A1/fr
Publication of EP1101812A4 publication Critical patent/EP1101812A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1101812B1 publication Critical patent/EP1101812B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oilification process for chlorine-based plastic waste using supercritical water.
  • nickel-based alloys which have special chemical composition and are invulnerable to corrosion, as a material for oilification apparatus.
  • the nickel-based alloys are expensive, and greatly increase the construction cost of apparatus.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and accordingly an object thereof is to provide an oilification process for chlorine-based plastic waste, in which an apparatus using an inexpensive stainless-steel-based metal can be employed, and the number of equipments is small.
  • the oilification process for chlorine-based plastic waste in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that a mixture of plastic waste including chlorine-based plastic and aqueous solution containing carbonate of an alkali metal or hydroxide or carbonate of an alkali earth metal or several kinds of these compounds, in which the concentration of dissolved oxygen is controlled so as to be not higher than 0.5 mg/liter, is heated; chlorine in the plastic waste is released during a process of transfer to a supercritical condition and/or under a supercritical condition; and the plastic waste is decomposed.
  • an oilification process for chlorine-based plastic waste in accordance with another mode of the present invention is characterized in that aqueous solution containing carbonate of an alkali metal or hydroxide or carbonate of an alkali earth metal or several kinds of these compounds is heated; melted plastic waste including chorine-based plastic is mixed in the aqueous solution during a process of transfer to a supercritical condition and/or under a supercritical condition; the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the aqueous solution is controlled so as to be not higher than 0.5 mg/liter before or during the mixing of the plastic waste; chlorine in the plastic waste mixed in the aqueous solution is released; and the plastic waste is decomposed.
  • chlorine released from the plastic waste can be neutralized by carbonate of an alkali metal or hydroxide or carbonate of an alkali earth metal.
  • nitrogen gas can be blown or a deoxidizer can be added.
  • sodium sulfite sodium nitrite, or hydrazine can be used as the deoxidizer.
  • Chlorine-based plastic waste to be treated by the oilification process in accordance with the present invention may be any kind of plastic containing chlorine.
  • vinyl chloride resin, polyvinylidene chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, and the like can be cited.
  • plastic waste other than chlorine-based one for example, a mixture with polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and the like.
  • the chlorine-based plastic waste is ground into powder.
  • the size of powder is preferably not larger than 2 mm in diameter when the powder is assumed to be a sphere having the same volume. If the powder is too large, when the pulverized plastic waste is supplied to an oilification apparatus after being mixed with aqueous solution, it may become incapable of being supplied smoothly, and also the efficiency of oilification treatment decreases.
  • the pulverized plastic waste having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.5 mg/liter or lower, is mixed with aqueous solution containing carbonate of an alkali metal or hydroxide or carbonate of an alkali earth metal.
  • the control of dissolved oxygen concentration may be accomplished after the preparation of the mixed liquid. Specifically, after the pulverized plastic waste is mixed with aqueous solution containing carbonate of an alkali metal or hydroxide or carbonate of an alkali earth metal to yield a mixed liquid, the mixed liquid may be treated so that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquid is not higher than 0.5 mg/liter.
  • a deoxidizer for example, sodium sulfite, sodium nitrite, and hydrazine can be used. These deoxidizers may be used singly or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • the aqueous solution mixed with chlorine-based plastic waste contains one or more kinds selected from carbonate of an alkali metal, hydroxide of an alkali earth metal, and carbonate of an alkali earth metal.
  • carbonate of an alkali metal hydroxide of an alkali earth metal
  • carbonate of an alkali earth metal sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and the like can be cited.
  • the amount of addition of carbonate or hydroxide should be not higher than the equivalent of total quantity of released chlorine at the later-described subcritical portion and supercritical portion, and preferably should be 1.1 to 1.2 equivalents.
  • a subcritical condition is defined as a condition of a temperature of 250 to 350°C and a pressure of 25 to 30 MPa.
  • a portion under a subcritical condition in an oilification apparatus is referred to as a subcritical portion.
  • a supercritical condition is defined as a condition of a temperature of 350 to 550°C and a pressure of 25 to 30 MPa.
  • a portion under a supercritical condition in an oilification apparatus is referred to as a supercritical portion.
  • chloride is released under the subcritical condition, and the released chloride (hydrochloric acid) is immediately neutralized by salt or hydroxide in the mixed liquid. Therefore, in the subsequent treatment under the supercritical condition, no hydrochloric acid is present in the mixed liquid, so that an inside wall of the apparatus is not corroded by hydrochloric acid. Also, even if salt etc. having not been used for neutralization under the subcritical condition remains in large quantities in the mixed liquid and enters the supercritical portion, the mixed liquid under the supercritical condition does not become strongly alkaline, resulting in no occurrence of corrosion, because hydroxide of an alkali metal is not used.
  • the plastic waste in the mixed liquid is next decomposed into oil content and gas content under the supercritical condition.
  • the obtained oil content and gas content can be used as fuel and the like.
  • the mixed liquid of plastic waste and aqueous water has been transferred from the subcritical condition to the supercritical condition.
  • the waste plastic may be mixed in the aqueous solution after the aqueous solution is changed from the subcritical condition to the supercritical condition.
  • plastic waste melted by the application of heat may be mixed in the aqueous solution.
  • the mixing may be performed during a process of transfer to the supercritical condition, or may be performed under the supercritical condition.
  • plastic waste is supplied into a mixer 1, and is mixed with aqueous solution supplied from a tank 2, turning to slurry.
  • the aqueous solution supplied from the tank 2 contains carbonate of an alkali metal or hydroxide or carbonate of an alkali earth metal, and is adjusted by nitrogen gas (N 2 ) or a deoxidizer so that the dissolved oxygen concentration is not higher than 0.5 mg/liter.
  • the control of dissolved oxygen concentration by using nitrogen gas or a deoxidizer may be accomplished in the mixer 1 or on the downstream side thereof.
  • the slurry in the mixer 1 is introduced into an oilification apparatus 4 by a slurry feeder 3.
  • the slurry is first preheated at a preheating portion 4a, and then chloride contained in the plastic waste in the slurry is released at a subcritical portion 4b.
  • the released chlorine is neutralized by carbonate or hydroxide in the slurry.
  • the slurry moves into a supercritical portion 4c, where the plastic waste in the slurry is decomposed.
  • the slurry is discharged from the oilification apparatus, and is separated into oil content and water content by an oil separator 5. Some of the separated water content is discharged to the outside of the system, and the remainder thereof is supplied into the tank 2. To the tank 2, in addition to the water content supplied from the oilification apparatus 4, makeup water and sodium carbonate, in this example, are supplied from the outside of the system. Thereby, the quantity of aqueous solution sent to the mixer 1 and the concentration of sodium carbonate are kept constant.
  • FIG. 2 shows another example of embodiment of the oilification process for chlorine-based plastic waste in accordance with the present invention.
  • the same reference numerals are applied to the same elements as those in FIG. 1, and the duplicated explanation is omitted.
  • Thermoplastic plastic is melted by a melter 21 provided with a motor as a driving means, and is mixed in aqueous solution in which the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled so as to be not higher than 0.5 mg/liter during a process of transfer to the supercritical condition or under the supercritical condition of the oilification apparatus.
  • Plastic waste having a composition given in Table 1 was oilified by the apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
  • the aqueous solution in the tank 2 was adjusted by the blowing of nitrogen gas and the addition of sodium sulfite so that the dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.1 to 0.5 mg/liter. Also, sodium carbonate etc. of 1.1 to 1.2 equivalents of the quantity of chlorine contained in the plastic waste were continuously supplied into the tank 2.
  • the reaction tube As the oilification apparatus 4, an electric furnace formed by dividing a reaction tube into three was used.
  • the reaction tube which measured 5 mm in inside diameter, 10 mm in outside diameter, and 60 mm in length, and was made of SUS316, was subjected to anticorrosion treatment before the use thereof by circulating 1% aqueous sodium carbonate for 50 hours in a state in which it had been heated in advance to the oilification condition of plastic waste.
  • corrosion preventive film on the inside surface of the reaction tube in this manner, corrosion due to sodium chloride caused by neutralization can be prevented more effectively.
  • the temperature in the oilification apparatus was adjusted so as to be 20 to 250°C at the preheating portion, 250 to 350°C at the subcritical portion, and 350 to 550°C at the supercritical portion, and the pressure therein was adjusted so as to be 250 to 300 kgf/cm 2 (25 to 30 MPa).
  • continuous treatment has been carried out by making the mixed liquid in a flowable slurry form.
  • the present invention is not limited to this treatment process.
  • batch treatment may be carried out in which a mixed liquid of plastic waste and aqueous solution is put into a container and is heated, and thereafter the treatment condition is transferred to supercritical condition.
  • the treatment process and apparatus can be simplified significantly, and also even if an inexpensive apparatus is used, corrosion does not occur in the apparatus.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé de transformation en pétrole de déchets plastiques à base de chlore utilisant un dispositif de transformation en pétrole fait d'un métal à base d'acier inoxydable, caractérisé en ce qu'on chauffe un mélange de déchets plastiques contenant des matières plastiques à base de chlore et d'une solution aqueuse contenant un carbonate de métal alcalin ou un hydroxyde ou carbonate de métal alcalino-terreux ou plusieurs types de ces composés, où la concentration d'oxygène dissous est contrôlée de façon à ne pas dépasser 0,5 mg/litre ; le chlore dans lesdits déchets plastiques est libéré durant un procédé de transfert vers une condition supercritique et/ou sous une condition supercritique ; et lesdits déchets plastiques sont décomposés.
  2. Procédé de transformation en pétrole de déchets plastiques à base de chlore utilisant un dispositif de transformation en pétrole fait d'un métal à base d'acier inoxydable, caractérisé en ce qu'on chauffe une solution aqueuse contenant un carbonate de métal alcalin ou un hydroxyde ou carbonate de métal alcalino-terreux ou plusieurs types de ces composés ; des déchets plastiques fondus contenant des matières plastiques à base de chlore sont mélangés dans ladite solution aqueuse durant un procédé de transfert vers une condition supercritique et/ou sous une condition supercritique ; la concentration d'oxygène dissous dans ladite solution aqueuse est contrôlée de façon à ne pas dépasser 0,5 mg/litre avant ou pendant le mélange desdits déchets plastiques ; le chlore dans lesdits déchets plastiques mélangés dans ladite solution aqueuse est libéré ; et lesdits déchets plastiques sont décomposés.
  3. Procédé de transformation en pétrole de déchets plastiques à base de chlore selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le chlore libéré par lesdits déchets plastiques est neutralisé par un carbonate de métal alcalin ou un hydroxyde ou carbonate de métal alcalino-terreux.
  4. Procédé de transformation en pétrole de déchets plastiques à base de chlore selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel les moyens pour contrôler la concentration d'oxygène dissous consistent à insuffler de l'azote gazeux ou à ajouter un désoxydant.
  5. Procédé de transformation en pétrole de déchets plastiques à base de chlore selon la revendication 4, dans lequel ledit désoxydant est le sulfite de sodium, le nitrite de sodium, ou l'hydrazine.
EP99926929A 1998-07-08 1999-07-05 Procede pour transformer en petrole des dechets plastiques contenant du chlore Expired - Lifetime EP1101812B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19285998 1998-07-08
JP19285998 1998-07-08
PCT/JP1999/003612 WO2000002977A1 (fr) 1998-07-08 1999-07-05 Procede pour transformer en petrole des dechets plastiques contenant du chlore

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1101812A1 EP1101812A1 (fr) 2001-05-23
EP1101812A4 EP1101812A4 (fr) 2004-07-21
EP1101812B1 true EP1101812B1 (fr) 2005-10-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99926929A Expired - Lifetime EP1101812B1 (fr) 1998-07-08 1999-07-05 Procede pour transformer en petrole des dechets plastiques contenant du chlore

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EP (1) EP1101812B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3586648B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69927596D1 (fr)
TW (1) TW585905B (fr)
WO (1) WO2000002977A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002074881A1 (fr) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-26 Deinking/Solvent Extraction Technologies Ltd. Reduction catalytique d'huiles lourdes, kerogenes, matieres plastiques, biomasses, boues et dechets organiques en hydrocarbures liquides legers, dioxyde de carbone et amines
CA2426253A1 (fr) 2003-04-22 2004-10-22 Hurdon A. Hooper Reduction du caoutchouc
WO2008054190A1 (fr) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-08 Claus Platen Procédé et système de conversion de déchets en combustibles et autres sous-produits
JP2012228661A (ja) * 2011-04-26 2012-11-22 Muroran Institute Of Technology 水熱分解用吸着体、及びこれを用いた感染性有機廃棄物及び／又は含塩素有機廃棄物の処理方法
US11124707B2 (en) * 2019-12-17 2021-09-21 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Production of liquid hydrocarbons from polyolefins by supercritical water
CN115232633B (zh) * 2022-08-18 2024-04-12 华北电力大学 一种废弃工程塑料热解联产酚类化学品和超级电容炭材料的方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5142640B2 (fr) * 1971-12-09 1976-11-17
DE4243063C2 (de) * 1991-12-20 1996-01-11 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur pyrolytischen Zersetzung von Kunststoff, insbesondere von Kunststoffabfällen
JPH108065A (ja) * 1996-06-19 1998-01-13 Nishikawa Rubber Co Ltd 難破砕性廃棄物の水熱連続油化装置
JPH1088146A (ja) * 1996-09-20 1998-04-07 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd ハロゲン含有樹脂の油化処理方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1101812A1 (fr) 2001-05-23
TW585905B (en) 2004-05-01
EP1101812A4 (fr) 2004-07-21
DE69927596D1 (de) 2006-02-16
JP3586648B2 (ja) 2004-11-10
WO2000002977A1 (fr) 2000-01-20

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