EP1088318B1 - Dispositif de deconnexion fiable d'une charge electrique, notamment a forte inductivite, d'un systeme d'alimentation en tension continue electrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de deconnexion fiable d'une charge electrique, notamment a forte inductivite, d'un systeme d'alimentation en tension continue electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1088318B1
EP1088318B1 EP99936261A EP99936261A EP1088318B1 EP 1088318 B1 EP1088318 B1 EP 1088318B1 EP 99936261 A EP99936261 A EP 99936261A EP 99936261 A EP99936261 A EP 99936261A EP 1088318 B1 EP1088318 B1 EP 1088318B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
line
voltage
input
switching contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99936261A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1088318A2 (fr
Inventor
Björn MAGNUSSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1088318A2 publication Critical patent/EP1088318A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1088318B1 publication Critical patent/EP1088318B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit

Definitions

  • the circuit according to the invention is used for safety shutdown an electrical load from an electrical power supply, e.g. a feeding battery.
  • an electrical power supply e.g. a feeding battery.
  • safety shutdowns are used to forcefully shut down the electrical load e.g. required if an error occurs. This can e.g. to serve to protect people from undesired, uncontrolled and possibly even dangerous interventions by e.g. motor electric Protect load. Since the safety shutdown in the Usually done with the help of relays, their functionality must be assured.
  • the invention is based on the object of a shutdown device specify which without the use of special Safety relay gets along.
  • the circuit according to the invention is based on the fact that security the shutdown with the "checked redundancy" of staggered, conventional relay is achieved.
  • the design the shutdown device according to the invention has the special advantage that a safe shutdown after Principle of tested redundancy and diversity is achieved. It is possible that the use of special Safety relay can be dispensed with. Instead, you can for relays K1, K2, K3 simple, e.g. from mass production relays originating in the automotive sector are used, which each have only one set of switching contacts.
  • the invention has the advantage that a safe shutdown device built using inexpensive relays can be, which so far in conventional safety circuits could not be used.
  • the basic circuit diagram is an example according to Shutdown device constructed according to the invention, which is between an electrical power supply and an electrical load is connected.
  • the electrical Load can e.g. motor and part of a device. It does not represent the figure on the left side of the figure illustrated electrical power supply a dining DC input voltage Ue ready while on the right Side of the figure, the electrical load not shown a connection voltage Ua decreases.
  • the cut-off device becomes the input DC voltage Ue unchanged via lines L1, L2 to the connection point forwarded the electrical load.
  • the electrical load is then identical to the DC input voltage Ue.
  • the Line L1 the voltage potential of the input DC voltage Ue to the point of connection voltage Ua while the line L2 carries a reference potential, e.g. the ground potential.
  • the shutdown device contains on the side the electrical power supply, a first relay K1. Its switch contact K11 is connected to the infeed the input DC voltage Ue connected in line L1 and closed in normal operation. Furthermore, between the Entry point of the input DC voltage Ue and the switch contact K11 a fuse S connected in line L1. In Direction towards the connected electrical load follows the first relay K1 a second relay K2. Its switch contact K21 is connected between lines L1, L2 and in Normal operation open.
  • a third relay K3 may be arranged. Its switch contact K31 is then also in series with switch contact K11 switched into line L1 and closed in normal operation. On the output side of the switch contact K31 finally the voltage potential for the connection voltage Among other things, the electrical load is ready.
  • the relays K1, K2 and possibly K3 each have one Excitation winding K12, K22 and possibly K33. Is incurred this one provided by an enable signal line FS Control voltage Uf, the relays are activated and take their switching contacts K11, K21 and possibly K31 the switch positions explained above.
  • the relays K1, K3 can thus as a "closer” and the relay K2 as a "Opener” are called. In this normal mode the DC input voltage Ue without being influenced by the switch-off device unlimited as connection voltage Ua for the electrical load available.
  • a shutdown process of the electrical load i.e. a seperation the connection voltage Ua of the load from the input DC voltage Ue of the electrical power supply is used in the the example shown by a drop in the control voltage Uf triggered on the enable signal line FS.
  • an error e.g. inside one the device containing the electrical load signals which a forced shutdown of the electrical load requires.
  • the detection of the occurrence of the error and the subsequent one Interruption of the control voltage Uf can e.g. by accordingly attached switching means or detectors inside of the electrical device which causes the electrical Contains load.
  • Such elements are for the sake of better clarity not shown in the example of the figure.
  • the excitation voltages also drop on the excitation windings K12, K22 and if necessary at K32 the relays K1, K2 and possibly K3, see above that the relays opposite at the end of the shutdown process the representation in the schematic diagram of the figure complementary Assume switching states.
  • the operation of the shutdown device according to the invention is based on the one hand that the relays K1, K2 and one if necessary additionally available relay K3 during a switch-off process successively in the complementary Switch switching status.
  • the relays K1, K2 and one if necessary additionally available relay K3 during a switch-off process successively in the complementary Switch switching status thus opens the relay K1 first the switch contact K11.
  • the relay K2 closes the switch contact K21. If additional the relay K3 is present, then opens finally this also the switch contact K31.
  • the delay element K13 of the relay K1 the delay time t0
  • the delay element K23 of the relay K2 Delay time t0 + t1
  • the delay element K33 one possibly additional relay K3 the delay time t0 + t1 + t3 on.
  • a switch-off delay of the relays K1, K2, K3 can be implemented passively in a simple manner.
  • the supply line the control voltage Uf on the enable signal line FS then takes place via a high voltage resistant diode.
  • An outage one of the diodes in the direction of the interruption leads to switching off the electrical load, a failure of one of the diodes towards Short circuit cancels the delay effect, endangered but not switching off the electrical load.
  • Any relay K1, K2, K3 is connected with its own free-wheeling diode.
  • a resistor in series is also advantageous Free-wheeling diodes switched. If this resistance is small, so due to the residual magnetic field, the coil current still flows some Time ahead. If the resistance is greater, it becomes Current flow breaks down faster and the relay drops faster from. When choosing the resistors, the different ones can also Speed of the relay mechanics of the relays too be taken into account. Another way to delay the shutdown time is the use of capacitors.
  • the relay reacts after the control voltage Uf drops K1 is the first after a delay time t0.
  • the Normally open contact K11 opens and interrupts the power supply to the load to be switched off on the supply side DC input voltage Ue.
  • the relay K2 reacts after a delay time t0 + t1.
  • the normally closed contact K21 thus closes and closes the DC input voltage Ue short. If the relay K1 has not been disconnected correctly beforehand, the fuse S now triggers and interrupts the DC input voltage Ue. If to further increase the Switch-off security, a third relay K3 is present, see above this reacts after a delay time t0 + t1 + t2. Its normally open contact K31 opens and interrupts the Current flow on the side of the load to be switched off.
  • the invention Switch-off device have an additional test circuit TS.
  • the circuit according to the invention is particularly suitable for safe Switching off electrical loads, which are high Have inductance.
  • a DC motor can be called, which from a battery is supplied, e.g. a lead accumulator with a nominal voltage of 24V.
  • a problem with the forced shutdown of such loads is that in certain error situations briefly very high currents caused by the electrical load which can be safely interrupted by the shutdown device Need to become.
  • due to a blown Power amplifier a DC motor a very draw high current.
  • the maximum acceleration that occurs of the engine represents an extremely dangerous operating condition Through a sure response of the In this case, the engine must be switched off be shut down. Even with a mechanical blockage of the Motors can cause overload of the power amplifiers very high current occur.
  • a Short circuit within the full bridges of the power stage a direct current motor to be switched off, cause high current.
  • the relay K1 At the beginning of a shutdown, the relay K1 initially performed a normal separation process, taking the entire Load current must be interrupted. Should at that moment an extreme peak value of the load current can occur this will damage relay K1. The practice but has shown that the relay K1 usually despite a Damage to the separating state.
  • Relay K1 can only operate in rare exceptional cases "stick" to the damage, i.e. remain closed, and thus the desired separation process fails. Also a mechanical one Jamming of relay K1 cannot be completely ruled out. If relay K1 fails, a Safe shutdown is now effected by the further relay K2. This short-circuits the input DC voltage Ue and triggers thus the fuse S out. Because this process is just after If the relay K1 fails, this triggers the fuse S is a malfunction of K1, so that for Repair both fuse S and relay K1 are. This shutdown by short-circuiting the DC input voltage by means of the relay K2 causes a considerable Increased safety of the shutdown device.
  • relay K2 can switch on very high currents with inexpensive relay contacts are because no arc arises when switching on. In this way, often higher currents can be switched on than can be separated with comparable contacts. Furthermore, when the relay K2 is activated, as a rule already a situation where a high ready Load current flows. By closing the as a short circuit relay serving relay K2 is only a small one, additional current flow caused by the relay K2 to bring fuse S to trip.
  • the shutdown device according to the invention is highly available, i.e. itself has a high security against failure, because next to the relay K1, which normally the largest part of the load current to be switched off takes an additional one Relay K2 is present for reasons of redundancy. This is only needed in an emergency, i.e. if the relay fails K1, and is then, as stated above, during the switch-off process not heavily loaded.
  • the availability the shutdown device, i.e. their switch-off security, by a third, on the side of the to be switched off Relay K3 connected in series further increased considerably become.
  • the relay K3 only causes the shutdown process if the relays K1 and K2 have failed at the same time. In practice, it is not excluded that the relay K2 is mechanically jammed or that the fuse S e.g. on Due to a drop in one powered by a battery DC input voltage not triggered. In this case it takes over an additional relay K3 the shutdown. Because normally the relays K1 or K2 most of the to be switched off Take over current, the switch contact K31 is one third relay K3 generally unloaded and switches off, without having to interrupt a current flow. The relay K3 must switch a much lower load than the relay K1 or K2, so that the wear of its contacts and therefore its probability of failure is essential is less. With the help of a third relay K3 causes the very safe shutdown.
  • the invention advantageously supplemented by the third relay K3 Switch-off device is thus characterized by a triple shutdown redundancy. Even if two fail Load relay K1 and K2 is a shutdown due to the little load third relay almost always guaranteed. As with the Relays K1, K2 and K3 have different shutdown mechanisms security against design errors elevated.
  • the shutdown device according to the invention additionally has one Test circuit TS on, can hereby before restarting the shutdown device the functionality of all Relays are checked.
  • the prerequisite for initiating a switch-on process is it that the switch contacts S1, S2 and S3 in the connecting lines K14, K24, k34 are open. Furthermore, the potential on line L1 between the second and third relays K2 and K3 is low resistance to 0V, what about a Test line Ps1 can be detected. Finally, the requirement for switching on in the form of an active control voltage Uf is present on the enable signal line.
  • the switch contact S2 is closed by the test circuit TS. This activates relay K2 and opens its switching contact K21.
  • the test circuit now tries to determine via the test line Ps1 that the potential on the line L1 between the second and third relays K2 and K3 is no longer low-ohmic to 0V, but becomes high-ohmic. If this state does not occur after a certain time, the switch-on process is canceled and an error is displayed. If test point 1 is at 24V, relay K 1 is defective and the switch-on process is also canceled.
  • the switch contact S1 is closed by the test circuit TS. This activates relay K1 and closes its switch contact K11. This process is successfully completed when the test circuit detects the potential of the input DC voltage Ue after a short time via the test line Ps1. Otherwise, the switch-on process is aborted because either relay K1 or relay K 2 is defective.
  • switch contact S1 is opened again. This step serves the actual power-up process via relay K1 and not via relay K3 perform. This ensures that the contacts of the Relay K3 have the desired longer life than that of relay K1.
  • switch contact S3 is closed and with it the relay K3 switched on, i.e. whose switch contacts K31 closed.
  • switch contact S1 is closed, whereby the switching contact K11 of the relay K1 closes and the Load is powered.
  • test circuit TS is advantageously designed so that in regular Intervals the shutdown and Switch-on operations are run through on a trial basis. To this The functionality of all relays K1, K2, K3 can be adjusted regularly getting tested.

Landscapes

  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Dispositif pour isoler avec une grande fiabilité un récepteur électrique de la tension continue d'entrée (Ue) d'une alimentation en tension continue, comportant
    a) une première ligne (L1) d'amenée de potentiel et une deuxième ligne (L2) d'amenée d'un potentiel de référence, en particulier du potentiel de masse, lesquelles amènent la tension continue d'entrée (Ue) à un point de borne de la tension d'alimentation (Ua) du récepteur électrique,
    b) un fusible(s) qui est monté en série dans la première ligne (L1) au niveau de l'amenée de la tension continue d'entrée (Ue),
    c) un premier relais (K1) dont le contact de commutation (K11) est monté en série dans la première ligne (L1) du côté du fusible qui est opposé à la tension continue d'entrée (Ue) et est fermé en fonctionnement normal, et qui est ouvert lors du déclenchement d'un processus de déconnexion afin de couper la première ligne (L1), et
    d) un deuxième relais (K2) dont le contact de commutation (K21) est monté en parallèle entre la première et la deuxième ligne (L1, L2) du côté du contact de commutation (K11) du premier relais (K1) qui est opposé à la tension continue d'entrée (Ue) et est ouvert en fonctionnement normal, et qui est fermé lors du déclenchement d'un processus de déconnexion à la suite de l'ouverture du contact de commutation (K11) du premier relais (K1) afin de court-circuiter la première ligne (L1) avec la deuxième ligne (L2).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, comportant un troisième relais (K3) dont le contact de commutation (K31) est monté en série dans la première ligne (L1) du côté du contact de commutation (K21) du deuxième relais (K2) qui est opposé à la tension continue d'entrée et est fermé en fonctionnement normal, et qui est ouvert lors du déclenchement d'un processus de déconnexion à la suite de la fermeture du contact de commutation (K21) du deuxième relais (K2) afin de couper la première ligne (L1).
  3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel des relais conventionnels du commerce comportant des ensembles de contact simples sont utilisés comme premier, deuxième ou troisième relais (K1, K2, K3).
EP99936261A 1998-05-29 1999-05-17 Dispositif de deconnexion fiable d'une charge electrique, notamment a forte inductivite, d'un systeme d'alimentation en tension continue electrique Expired - Lifetime EP1088318B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29809550U DE29809550U1 (de) 1998-05-29 1998-05-29 Vorrichtung zur sicheren Abschaltung einer elektrischen Last, mit insbesondere hoher Induktivität, von einer elektrischen Gleichspannungsversorgung
DE29809550U 1998-05-29
PCT/DE1999/001480 WO1999063561A2 (fr) 1998-05-29 1999-05-17 Dispositif de deconnexion fiable d'une charge electrique, notamment a forte inductivite, d'un systeme d'alimentation en tension continue electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1088318A2 EP1088318A2 (fr) 2001-04-04
EP1088318B1 true EP1088318B1 (fr) 2002-04-03

Family

ID=8057763

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99936261A Expired - Lifetime EP1088318B1 (fr) 1998-05-29 1999-05-17 Dispositif de deconnexion fiable d'une charge electrique, notamment a forte inductivite, d'un systeme d'alimentation en tension continue electrique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6366434B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1088318B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3831611B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20010043925A (fr)
CN (1) CN1113447C (fr)
CA (1) CA2333483A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE29809550U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999063561A2 (fr)

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DE10102316A1 (de) * 2001-01-19 2002-07-25 Moeller Gmbh Motorstarteranordnung
CN100344140C (zh) * 2003-02-26 2007-10-17 北京艾尼通科技有限公司 一种电话视频会议系统
US7684167B2 (en) * 2003-09-30 2010-03-23 Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Communication bus suitable for use in a hazardous area of a process plant
US7582989B2 (en) * 2006-09-29 2009-09-01 Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc. Safety relay having independently testable contacts
US7570004B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2009-08-04 Delphi Technologies Inc. System and method for detecting a motor shorting relay failure
WO2011008567A2 (fr) * 2009-06-29 2011-01-20 Ideal Power Converters, Inc. Dispositifs, procédés et systèmes de transfert d'énergie à protecteur à thyristor court-circuitant une bobine d'inductance de transfert d'énergie
US8621246B2 (en) * 2009-12-23 2013-12-31 Intel Corporation Power management system and method to provide supply voltage to a load
DE102014226864A1 (de) 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Ecom Instruments Gmbh Elektronische Schaltungsanordnung, insbesondere zur Verwendung in einem explosionsgefährdeten Bereich
US10777995B1 (en) * 2019-08-06 2020-09-15 Tsung-Mou Yu Safety device for switch
US20220328260A1 (en) * 2019-09-13 2022-10-13 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. Dc high-voltage relay, and contact material for dc high-voltage relay
CN110824351B (zh) * 2019-11-20 2022-05-13 天津津航计算技术研究所 一种继电器冗余的故障检测电路及其检测方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59901130D1 (de) 2002-05-08
WO1999063561A2 (fr) 1999-12-09
CN1113447C (zh) 2003-07-02
DE29809550U1 (de) 1999-07-08
CA2333483A1 (fr) 1999-12-09
JP3831611B2 (ja) 2006-10-11
KR20010043925A (ko) 2001-05-25
US20010002101A1 (en) 2001-05-31
US6366434B2 (en) 2002-04-02
EP1088318A2 (fr) 2001-04-04
JP2002517968A (ja) 2002-06-18
CN1287702A (zh) 2001-03-14
WO1999063561A3 (fr) 2000-06-02

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