EP1083013A2 - Herstellen von aufschäumbaren Metallkörpern und Metallschäumen - Google Patents
Herstellen von aufschäumbaren Metallkörpern und Metallschäumen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1083013A2 EP1083013A2 EP00119602A EP00119602A EP1083013A2 EP 1083013 A2 EP1083013 A2 EP 1083013A2 EP 00119602 A EP00119602 A EP 00119602A EP 00119602 A EP00119602 A EP 00119602A EP 1083013 A2 EP1083013 A2 EP 1083013A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- powder
- blowing agent
- powder mixture
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007749 high velocity oxygen fuel spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
- B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
- B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing foamable metal bodies, being from a powder mixture which is at least one metal powder and at least a gas-releasing propellant powder, which when heated to a temperature splits off gas at or above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, a compact body is made.
- the invention also relates to those obtained from the foamable metal bodies Metal foams, also as a component of molded parts and composite bodies.
- the present invention has for its object a method and a Show device of the type mentioned by which the manufacture of foamable metal bodies simplified and / or the variability in Production of foamable metal bodies is enlarged.
- This object is achieved for the method in that the Production of the compact body by thermal spraying of the powder mixture using high-speed flame spraying or cold gas spraying.
- the object is achieved for the device in that the means for producing the compact body from the powder mixture a device for thermal spraying by means of high-speed flame spraying or cold-cold spraying.
- Thermal spray processes are essentially characterized in that they enable uniformly applied coatings of high quality and quality. Coatings applied by thermal spraying can be varied the spray materials and / or the process parameters to different requirements be adjusted.
- the spray materials can basically in Form of wires, rods or can be processed as a powder. There can also be one Aftertreatment should be provided.
- thermal spraying Details of thermal spraying are, for example, the European standard EN 657 refer to.
- a process variant of thermal spraying that has been known for some time provides high-speed flame spraying (sometimes also as an HVOF process [High Velocity Oxy-Fuel]).
- a high-speed flame spraying process can do the high-speed flame spraying first and second generation with medium spray particle speeds of 400 to 500 m / s (measured with a WC-Co spray powder with a grain size - 45 ⁇ m + 10 ⁇ m, i.e. a distribution with respect to the grain diameter of 10 to 45 ⁇ m) and prefers third generation high speed flame spraying Spray particle speeds of 500 to 700 m / s (measured with a spray powder WC-Co with a grain size - 45 ⁇ m + 10 ⁇ m) can be used.
- With cold gas spraying can accelerate the powder particles to a speed of 300 to 1600 m / s become. Speeds of the powder particles are particularly suitable between 500 and 1200 m / s to achieve particularly high application efficiency and layer densities.
- metal powder is used together with one containing the blowing agent Powder by high-speed flame spraying or cold gas spraying processed into a compact body.
- the compact body can be used as a layer or present as a shaped body. Because of the short residence time of the powder (usually this is in the range of a few milliseconds) with high-speed cold gas spraying in the heated carrier gas jet, the blowing agent remains at least in the essentially tied. If desired, it will only be heated up afterwards free to foam.
- the invention provides a simple and versatile method of manufacture of the foamable metal body.
- the so produced Metal bodies can be heated to a temperature equal to or preferred above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent and then cooling can be used for the production of porous metal bodies or metal foams.
- the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent is not a sharp temperature value but a temperature range. In the context of the invention is therefore under a Temperature equal to or preferably above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent in these cases a temperature in the decomposition temperature range or preferably understood above the decomposition temperature range of the blowing agent.
- the powder mixture can consist of metal plus blowing agent can be sprayed in almost any mixing ratio. This allows, that the mixing ratio of metal powder and blowing agent powder to each desired conditions is adjusted.
- the powder mixture is injected with a different proportion of propellant. Because through a change The mixing ratio of metal and blowing agent can layers and Structures are injected with a preferably changing propellant proportion (graded layers, structures).
- a proportion of blowing agent in the powder mixture between 0.01 and 1.0% by weight, preferably between 0.05 and 0.5% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.1 and 0.3% by weight.
- the gas-releasing blowing agent powder comprises, as blowing agent, metal hydrides, such as, for example, titanium hydrite (TiH 2 ), carbonates, such as, for example, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate, hydrates, such as, for example, aluminum sulfate hydrate, alum, aluminum hydroxide or easily evaporating substances such as, for example, mercury compounds or powdered mercury compounds organic substances or mixtures of the aforementioned substances.
- metal hydrides such as, for example, titanium hydrite (TiH 2 )
- carbonates such as, for example, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate
- hydrates such as, for example, aluminum sulfate hydrate, alum, aluminum hydroxide or easily evaporating substances such as, for example, mercury compounds or powdered mercury compounds organic substances or mixtures of the aforementioned substances.
- the powder mixture can advantageously be sprayed onto a substrate carrier, wherein at least temporarily a relative movement between the substrate carrier and the device for thermal spraying of the powder mixture using high-speed flame spraying or cold gas spraying.
- a substrate carrier for example, with the Powder mixture molded parts are injected, for example the spray gun Device for thermal spraying and / or the substrate carrier are moved.
- the powder mixture can be applied to any suitable substrate carrier in particular on a carrier material made of metal, plastic, ceramic and / or glass be injected.
- the compact body can advantageously be detached from the carrier material are, before a release of gas from the propellant by heating Foaming of the compact body takes place.
- the compact body can be released before the gas is released the blowing agent for foaming the compact body by changing the Pressure and / or temperature are deformed or reshaped.
- compressions For example, extrusion presses or rollers can be used.
- the powder mixture is on the inside injected into a mold that was wholly or partially foamed with metal foam shall be.
- the foaming agent's decomposition temperature is used to manufacture the metal foam.
- At least two layers are injected, wherein at least one layer with the metal powder and gas-releasing blowing agent powder comprehensive powder mixture and at least one further layer with metal powder can be thermally sprayed without gas-releasing blowing agent.
- the powder mixture of metal and blowing agent only in layers between two metal layers be injected.
- Metal foam By heating the compact body using the procedure described above is produced, to a temperature equal to or preferably above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent and a subsequent cooling can Metal foam can be made.
- the compact is preferably heated Body to a temperature above the melting temperature of the metal or above the target alloy temperature of the metal alloy. In this case it foams as a gas escaping blowing agent on the molten metal. This foam forms after Cool a porous hollow body. So is preferred when decomposing the Blowing agent released gas the metal or the metal alloy as a melt lather up.
- Molded parts can be produced which comprise at least one metal foam.
- composite bodies can be produced which are at least one metal foam Include layer on or between a substrate support.
- For molded parts or composite bodies can in addition to the at least one foamed metal layer at least there is another thermally sprayed layer.
- Titanium hydride (TiH 2 ) is particularly suitable as a blowing agent.
- Titanium hydride can, for example, be sprayed using cold gas spraying together with other metal powders made of aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti) and alloys that contain one or more of these metals.
- a relatively small proportion of the blowing agent is sufficient to foam the compact body.
- a powder mixture with 0.2% by weight of TiH 2 and with essentially Al as the metal powder leads to a foam body with about five times the volume increase.
- a blowing agent content of 1.0% by weight of TiH 2 increases the volume of Al by more than ten times.
- the gas required for thermal spraying can be nitrogen, helium, argon, neon, Krypton, xenon, a gas containing hydrogen, a gas containing carbon, in particular carbon dioxide, oxygen, an oxygen-containing gas, air, Contain water vapor or mixtures of the aforementioned gases.
- a gas containing hydrogen in particular carbon dioxide, oxygen, an oxygen-containing gas, air, Contain water vapor or mixtures of the aforementioned gases.
- the powdered filler gas carrying a nitrogen, argon, neon, krypton, Xenon, oxygen, a gas containing hydrogen, a carbon-containing gas, in particular carbon dioxide, water vapor or mixtures of the aforementioned gases and mixtures of these gases with helium.
- the proportion of helium in the total gas can up to 90 vol .-%.
- a helium content of 10 to 50% by volume is preferred Gas mixture observed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Mittel zur Zufuhr eines Pulvergemisches, welches zumindest ein Metallpulver und zumindest ein gasabspaltendes Treibmittelpulver beinhaltet,
- Mittel zur Herstellung eines kompakten Körpers aus dem Pulvergemisch und
- Mittel zum Aufheizen des kompakten Körpers auf eine Temperatur gleich oder oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels unter Abspaltung von Gas.
- reine Metalle,
- Metallegierungen,
- Metalle und/oder Metallegierungen mit Zusätzen an Hartstoffen wie
Metalloxide (insbesondere Al2O3 und/oder TiO2), Carbide, Boride
und/oder mit Zusätzen an Kunststoffen
oder - Mischungen der vorgenannten Stoffe
Claims (18)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von aufschäumbaren Metallkörpern, wobei aus einem Pulvergemisch, welches zumindest ein Metallpulver und zumindest ein gasabspaltendes Treibmittelpulver, welches bei Aufheizen auf eine Temperatur gleich oder oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels Gas abspaltet, umfaßt, ein kompakter Körper hergestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Herstellung des kompakten Körpers durch thermisches Spritzen des Pulvergemisches mittels Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzens oder mittels Kaltgasspritzens erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mischungsverhältnis von Metallpulver und Treibmittelpulver jeweils an die gewünschten Bedingungen angepaßt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pulvergemisch aus Metallpulver und Treibmittelpulver bei der Herstellung des aufschäumbaren Metallkörpers insbesondere bezüglich des Mischungsverhältnisses verändert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pulvergemisch mit veränderndem Treibmittelanteil gespritzt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Treibmittelanteil im Pulvergemisch zwischen 0,01 und 1,0 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,05 und 0,5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,1 und 0,3 Gew.-%, beträgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das gasabspaltende Treibmittelpulver als Treibmittel Metallhydride, Karbonate, Hydrate, Alaun, Aluminiumhydroxid und/oder Quecksilberverbindungen und/oder pulverisierte organische Substanzen umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pulvergemisch auf einen Substratträger gespritzt wird und zumindest zeitweise eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Substratträger und der Vorrichtung zum thermischen Spritzen des Pulvergemisches erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pulvergemisch auf ein Trägermaterial aus Metall, Kunststoff, Keramik und/oder Glas gespritzt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der kompakte Körper vor der Gasabspaltung aus dem Treibmittel zum Aufschäumen des kompakten Körpers vom Trägermaterial gelöst wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der kompakte Körper vor der Gasabspaltung aus dem Treibmittel zum Aufschäumen des kompakten Körpers unter Änderung des Druckes und/oder der Temperatur verformt und/oder umgeformt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pulvergemisch auf die Innenseite einer Form gespritzt wird, die mit Metallschaum ganz oder teilweise ausgeschäumt werden soll.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest zwei Lagen gespritzt werden, wobei zumindest eine Lage mit dem Metallpulver und gasabspaltendes Treibmittelpulver umfassenden Pulvergemisch und zumindest eine weitere Lage mit Metallpulver ohne gasabspaltendes Treibmittel thermisch gespritzt werden.
- Metallschaum, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er durch Aufheizen eines kompakten Körpers, der nach einem Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche hergestellt ist, auf eine Temperatur gleich oder oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels und durch nachfolgende Abkühlung hergestellt ist.
- Metallschaum nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Aufheizen des kompakten Körpers auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur des Metalls oder oberhalb der Sollidustemperatur der Metallegierung hergestellt ist.
- Formteil umfassend zumindest einen Metallschaum nach Anspruch 13 oder 14.
- Verbundkörper umfassend zumindest einen Metallschaum nach Anspruch 13 oder 14 als Schicht auf oder zwischen einem Substratträger.
- Formteil oder Verbundkörper nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß neben der zumindest einen aufgeschäumten Metallschicht zumindest eine weitere thermisch gespritzte Schicht vorhanden ist.
- Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Metallschäumen, umfassenddadurch gekennzeichnet,Mittel zur Zufuhr eines Pulvergemisches, welches zumindest ein Metallpulver und zumindest ein gasabspaltendes Treibmittelpulver beinhaltet,Mittel zur Herstellung eines kompakten Körpers aus dem Pulvergemisch undMittel zum Aufheizen des kompakten Körpers auf eine Temperatur gleich oder oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels unter Abspaltung von Gas,
daß die Mittel zur Herstellung des kompakten Körpers aus dem Pulvergemisch eine Vorrichtung zum thermischen Spritzen des Pulvergemisches mittels Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzens oder mittels Kaltgasspritzens umfassen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19942916A DE19942916A1 (de) | 1999-09-08 | 1999-09-08 | Herstellen von aufschäumbaren Metallkörpern und Metallschäumen |
| DE19942916 | 1999-09-08 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1083013A2 true EP1083013A2 (de) | 2001-03-14 |
| EP1083013A3 EP1083013A3 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
| EP1083013B1 EP1083013B1 (de) | 2005-07-27 |
Family
ID=7921237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00119602A Expired - Lifetime EP1083013B1 (de) | 1999-09-08 | 2000-09-07 | Herstellen von aufschäumbaren Metallkörpern und Metallschäumen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6408928B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1083013B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE300378T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19942916A1 (de) |
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| GB2366298A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-03-06 | Ford Global Tech Inc | Forming metal foam structures by cold-gas spraying |
| DE10246454A1 (de) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-15 | Rwth Aachen | Herstellung beschichteter geschäumter Bauteile und Bauteile mit keramischer oder Hartstoffbeschichtung |
| EP1903127A1 (de) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen durch Kaltgasspritzen und Turbinenbauteil |
| DE102008058142A1 (de) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen und/oder Reparieren eines Rotors einer Strömungsmaschine und Rotor hierzu |
| DE102008058141A1 (de) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schaufel für einen Rotor einer Strömungsmaschine |
| DE102009037894A1 (de) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Dünnwandiges Strukturbauteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
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| US6733958B2 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2004-05-11 | Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. | Material for photo-alignment layer, photo-alignment layer and method of manufacturing the same |
| US20030002043A1 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2003-01-02 | Kla-Tencor Corporation | Periodic patterns and technique to control misalignment |
| KR20050027092A (ko) * | 2002-05-20 | 2005-03-17 | 리퀴드메탈 테크놀로지스 인코포레이티드 | 벌크 고화 무정형 합금의 발포 구조물 |
| US7621314B2 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2009-11-24 | California Institute Of Technology | Method of manufacturing amorphous metallic foam |
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| US7560170B2 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2009-07-14 | Intelligent Energy, Inc. | Surface modification of porous metal substrates using cold spray |
| US7077889B2 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-07-18 | Intelligent Engery, Inc. | Surface modification of porous metal substrates |
| WO2004091828A1 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2004-10-28 | Liquidmetal Technologies, Inc. | Continuous casting of foamed bulk amorphous alloys |
| KR100723538B1 (ko) | 2004-12-24 | 2007-06-04 | 고경현 | 분산강화 합금 형성방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 분산강화합금 |
| US8802191B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2014-08-12 | H. C. Starck Gmbh | Method for coating a substrate surface and coated product |
| US7402277B2 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2008-07-22 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Method of forming metal foams by cold spray technique |
| CN101063204B (zh) * | 2006-04-30 | 2010-10-13 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 镀锌钢板的制造方法 |
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| US20080078268A1 (en) | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-03 | H.C. Starck Inc. | Process for preparing metal powders having low oxygen content, powders so-produced and uses thereof |
| JP5377319B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-07 | 2013-12-25 | ハー.ツェー.スタルク ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 基材のコーティング方法及びコーティング製品 |
| US20080145688A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | H.C. Starck Inc. | Method of joining tantalum clade steel structures |
| US8197894B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2012-06-12 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Methods of forming sputtering targets |
| US8246903B2 (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2012-08-21 | H.C. Starck Inc. | Dynamic dehydriding of refractory metal powders |
| US8043655B2 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-10-25 | H.C. Starck, Inc. | Low-energy method of manufacturing bulk metallic structures with submicron grain sizes |
| US8974588B2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2015-03-10 | General Electric Company | Coating composition, a process of applying a coating, and a process of forming a coating composition |
| WO2013049274A2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-04 | H.C. Starck, Inc. | Large-area sputtering targets and methods of manufacturing large-area sputtering targets |
| US8475882B2 (en) | 2011-10-19 | 2013-07-02 | General Electric Company | Titanium aluminide application process and article with titanium aluminide surface |
| US9033024B2 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2015-05-19 | Apple Inc. | Insert molding of bulk amorphous alloy into open cell foam |
| DE102013210198A1 (de) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metallschaums sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen von für das vorgenannte Verfahren geeigneten Partikeln |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3087807A (en) | 1959-12-04 | 1963-04-30 | United Aircraft Corp | Method of making foamed metal |
| DE2112751B2 (de) * | 1971-03-17 | 1973-05-17 | Verfahren zur herstellung von isolierenden und korrosionsgeschuetzten schaumstoff-metall-verbundelementen | |
| US3940252A (en) * | 1972-03-27 | 1976-02-24 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler | Apparatus for the releasing of materials from voluminous precipitates or suspensions |
| DE69016433T2 (de) | 1990-05-19 | 1995-07-20 | Papyrin Anatolij Nikiforovic | Beschichtungsverfahren und -vorrichtung. |
| DE4101630A1 (de) | 1990-06-08 | 1991-12-12 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur herstellung aufschaeumbarer metallkoerper und verwendung derselben |
| US5266099A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1993-11-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Method for producing closed cell spherical porosity in spray formed metals |
| DE19501659C1 (de) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-05-15 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallschaumteils |
| DE19651197C2 (de) * | 1995-12-15 | 1999-10-28 | Susan Dietzschold | Werkstoff zum Herstellen poröser Metallkörper |
-
1999
- 1999-09-08 DE DE19942916A patent/DE19942916A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-09-07 EP EP00119602A patent/EP1083013B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-07 AT AT00119602T patent/ATE300378T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-07 DE DE50010812T patent/DE50010812D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-09-08 US US09/658,264 patent/US6408928B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2366298A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-03-06 | Ford Global Tech Inc | Forming metal foam structures by cold-gas spraying |
| GB2366298B (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2004-03-24 | Ford Global Tech Inc | Forming metal foam structures |
| DE10246454A1 (de) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-15 | Rwth Aachen | Herstellung beschichteter geschäumter Bauteile und Bauteile mit keramischer oder Hartstoffbeschichtung |
| EP1903127A1 (de) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen durch Kaltgasspritzen und Turbinenbauteil |
| DE102008058142A1 (de) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen und/oder Reparieren eines Rotors einer Strömungsmaschine und Rotor hierzu |
| DE102008058141A1 (de) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schaufel für einen Rotor einer Strömungsmaschine |
| DE102009037894A1 (de) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Dünnwandiges Strukturbauteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US9393622B2 (en) | 2009-08-18 | 2016-07-19 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Thin-walled structural component, and method for the production thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1083013A3 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
| DE19942916A1 (de) | 2001-03-15 |
| DE50010812D1 (de) | 2005-09-01 |
| EP1083013B1 (de) | 2005-07-27 |
| US6408928B1 (en) | 2002-06-25 |
| ATE300378T1 (de) | 2005-08-15 |
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