EP1068422B9 - Installation d'ombrage a lamelles - Google Patents

Installation d'ombrage a lamelles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1068422B9
EP1068422B9 EP99911749A EP99911749A EP1068422B9 EP 1068422 B9 EP1068422 B9 EP 1068422B9 EP 99911749 A EP99911749 A EP 99911749A EP 99911749 A EP99911749 A EP 99911749A EP 1068422 B9 EP1068422 B9 EP 1068422B9
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamellas
swivel
shading
directional
counter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99911749A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1068422B1 (fr
EP1068422A1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Harald Klotz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
Original Assignee
Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
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Publication date
Application filed by Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg filed Critical Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
Publication of EP1068422A1 publication Critical patent/EP1068422A1/fr
Publication of EP1068422B1 publication Critical patent/EP1068422B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1068422B9 publication Critical patent/EP1068422B9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shading system the preamble of claim 1.
  • Shading systems with a series of shading slats the one in each case transverse to the row direction Longitudinal axis are pivotally arranged, for example for shading large facade or window areas used on buildings, especially on vertical facades and on inclined surfaces of skylights.
  • Most of them known shading systems of this type are different to the present, generic type of plant all Slats pivoted in the same direction.
  • Systems known in addition to their shading function perform an additional, solar energy converting function, why the slat row equipped with photovoltaic elements is. With the designation are photovoltaic elements in the present case photovoltaically active components of any conventional type meant.
  • Such shading systems are e.g.
  • the vertical incidence of light increases the specific energy yield of the photovoltaic elements.
  • FR 2 110 753 is a slat shading system known with a series of equally large slats, the one in each case transverse to the row direction Longitudinal axis pivoted in such a way by the same swivel angle that the opposite outer edges each neighboring slats approximately on a direction of sunlight parallel connecting line.
  • This has the consequence that direct sunlight is only for the singular case that the direction of sunlight is orthogonal is perpendicular to the plane of the slat pivot axes hits the lamella surfaces while it is for everyone else Incident directions on all slat surfaces incident.
  • the utility model DE 1 734 532 discloses a Venetian blind flap with slats that can be pivoted in opposite directions Setting of a desired free passage cross section serves in an air duct or the like and a special lever mechanism for the opposite pivoting of neighboring Slats with swivel angles of the same or similar size having.
  • the invention is a technical problem of providing a slat shading system of the aforementioned The type in which the desired shading function is optimal is met and the lowest possible mutual Shading of the slats occurs, so that the plant good for an additional solar energy converter if necessary and / or use light-collecting function.
  • the slat row contains two groups different, alternately arranged slats, namely a group of idler blades, preferably for this purpose are meant to follow the changing position of the sun, i.e. to be tracked and a group of counter-rotating slats, those in the series alternating with the idler plates are arranged.
  • the slats of the respective group are swung in the same direction among themselves, those of however, one group is opposed to the other Group.
  • the pivoting takes place in a special Way such that the opposing areas adjacent slats within a closed position containing swivel range in the projection to the direction of sunlight at least approximately side by side and therefore not in a row.
  • a shading system developed according to claim 2 are the idler blades, i.e. only every second slat of the Slat row, with solar energy converting and / or light collecting Elements occupied, e.g. with photovoltaic elements or light concentrator elements. Because of the most extensive The idler slats can be completely shaded provided with such elements and within said Swivel range of typically up to 120 ° the position of the sun be tracked without significant shadowing this full coverage occurs. Because thus the solar radiation from the elements that use sunlight over the whole area and without significant shading over the whole Can be used well throughout the day, despite the only alternating allocation of the slats with these elements a comparatively large solar energy yield for a given Slats total area.
  • a shading system developed according to claim 3 becomes the opposite of the pivoting movement of the idler plates Swivel movement of the counter-rotating slats optimally controlled that at least within one the closed position of the Swivel range containing slat row in each slat position the mutually facing outer edges of adjacent Slats on an approximately parallel to the direction of sunlight extending connecting line. In order to there will be any shadowing within this swivel range of the neighboring slats avoided. With the same width The slats of the two groups are completely free of shading The swiveling range for the idler blades is approx. ⁇ 60 ° around the closed position, which is a sunlight tracking over a correspondingly large angular range allows.
  • the counter-rotating blades swivel in in this case by about half the swivel angle of the idler plates.
  • the width of the counter-rotating lamellae decreases completely shading-free swivel range a bit, but also one certain exceeding of this swiveling range with a partial shading of the idler lamellas begins, may still be tolerable in some cases.
  • the counter-rotating slats are designed to control the light i.e. provided with appropriate light control elements, such as light reflecting, light scattering or the direction of transmitted light controlling elements. So that Counter-rotating slats selectively a desired shading functionality fulfill. You can e.g. be designed so that they target daylight by refraction and / or reflection direct into a building interior. By realizing the Counter-rotating lamella as a light reflection surface can also be used Requires the incident light to an adjacent idler slat reflected and there in addition to the direct incident sunlight e.g. be used photovoltaically, especially if the slats are already noticeably opposite the closed position are tilted.
  • a shading system developed according to claim 5 is the row of slats with transverse to the horizontal Slat longitudinal axes arranged.
  • the Swivel axes parallel to the vertical or opposite this is inclined at an acute angle.
  • An optimal yield of sunlight is characterized by a north-south orientation with a inclination corresponding to the polar axis.
  • the order the slat swivel axis transverse to the horizontal has the large one Advantage that the idler lamellae run from the east can be tracked to the west. Researches show, that this tracking under otherwise the same conditions enables higher photovoltaic yield than tracking with respect to the height of the sun with horizontally arranged Lamella swivel axes.
  • a tracking device for automatic swiveling of the follow slats depending on the position of the sun. This allows the optimal east-west tracking in the case of slat swivel axes running transversely to the horizontal, depending on the application, but also any other implement conventional sun tracking, e.g. one depending on the height of the sun.
  • the Tracking device can in a conventional manner an electromotive electrohydraulic or thermohydraulic Actuator for the idler plates included.
  • a linkage is provided with which the idler plates are synchronized coupled can be pivoted. Particularly suitable the linkage in connection with the tracking device according to claim 5 for automatic sun tracking of the idler blades.
  • a shading system developed according to claim 8 are the counter rotating slats via a mechanical coupling mechanism, e.g. a simple lever arm or a quadrilateral joint, in the opposite direction to the pivoting movement of the idler plates coupled.
  • a mechanical coupling mechanism e.g. a simple lever arm or a quadrilateral joint
  • the idler blades will be within the closed position containing, shading-free swivel range always so pivoted that the sunlight in the projection to Plane perpendicular to the slat swivel axes the slat surfaces of these slats strikes. So that leaves optimal efficiency for using solar energy achieve if these idler surfaces with appropriate Solar energy usage elements are documented.
  • the lamella shading system shown in Fig. 1 includes a row of lamellae with a group of idler lamellae 1a, 1b, 1c and a group of Counter-rotating lamellae 2a, 2b, 2c, so that along the row direction R successively follow a rotating lamella and a counter-rotating lamella.
  • the idler plates 1a 1b, 1c are on their Sunlight-facing side with photovoltaic elements of any conventional type, e.g. Thin-film solar cells made of monocrystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous silicon, and are therefore hereinafter referred to as Called photovoltaic slats.
  • Called photovoltaic slats An overview of usable Solar cells can be found in W.
  • slats 1a, 1b, 1c have the photovoltaic slats 1a, 1b, 1c and the counter-rotating blades 2a, 2b, 2c the same width that again in approximately the distance between adjacent pivot axes 3 to 8 corresponds, so that the row of slats in the closed position shown an essentially closed shading area represents.
  • Both types of slats 1a to 2c are otherwise not to fulfill the shading function completely opaque, but controlled translucid, i.e. for visible Partially translucent, designed so that a glare-free Illumination of the shaded room by sun and Daylight is achieved
  • the swiveling movement of the slats takes place automatically a tracking device, of which only an associated actuator is shown, while its remaining components are more conventional Are nature.
  • the actuator includes a hydraulic one Drive unit 9, alternatively an electromotive or thermohydraulic drive unit to which a coupling linkage is coupled.
  • the coupling linkage includes a first coupling rod 10 which is longitudinally movable at one end is coupled to the drive unit 9 and to which all photovoltaic slats 1a, 1b, 1c via associated link arms 11a, 11b, 11c are coupled in such a way that they are connected by the the drive unit 9 causes longitudinal movement of the first coupling rod 10 can be pivoted synchronously in the same direction.
  • link arms 11a, 11b, 11c are rotatable on the one hand the first coupling rod 10 and on the other hand rotatably with a respective, the swivel axis 3, 5, 7 representing lamella rotary shaft connected.
  • the opposing blades 2a, 2b, 2c are together via analogue link arms 13a, 13b, 13c to a second one Coupling rod 12 for the purpose of joint, synchronous pivoting coupled.
  • a lever gear ensures that the counter-rotating slats pivot 2a, 2b, 2c opposite to that of the photovoltaic slats 1a, 1b, 1c with a defined translation takes place, which is chosen in this example so that the Swivel angle of the counter-rotating blades 2a, 2b, 2c on average is almost half as large as the swivel angle of the photovoltaic slats 1a, 1b, 1c.
  • the lever gear couples the in Direction of the drive unit 9 on the first counter-rotating lamella 2a the adjacent, end-side photovoltaic lamella 1a, so that whose rotational movement actively caused by the drive unit 9 translated by the lever gear, especially geared down here, and in opposite directions to the first counter-rotating lamella 2a and from there via the second coupling rod 12 synchronously to the rest Counter-rotating blades 2b, 2c is transmitted.
  • the lever gear For this purpose, has a lever arm 14, one on each end Coupling arm 15, 16 is articulated with its other end rotationally fixed with the rotary shaft 3 of the first photovoltaic slat 1a or the rotary shaft 4 of the first counter-rotating lamella 2a are.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates in more detail the principle of operation of the Lever gear in a concrete design.
  • Coupling arm 15 corresponds.
  • the coupling arms are used to effect good power transmission behavior 15, 16 and the lever arm 14 in length and positioning coordinated so that the lines of action of Lever arm 14 in the end positions, one of which is shown in Fig. 3 is approximately coincident and with the bisector W of the swivel range ⁇ of the photovoltaic plate coupling arm 15 form a right angle.
  • FIG. 4 to 7 illustrate the operation of the shading system 1 and 2 under exemplary Consideration of two neighboring photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c and an intermediate mating lamella 2b schematically in different tilt positions.
  • the row of slats is in this example spatially oriented so that the slat swivel axes 5, 6, 7 lie in a north-south plane, e.g. vertically or with a polar axis inclination Oblique angle to the vertical.
  • the cardinal points exemplary for the case indicated that the facility is located in the northern hemisphere located.
  • the photovoltaic elements of the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c are accordingly on the south facing Plate side.
  • FIG. 4 shows the three slats 1b, 1c, 2b in the closed position, i.e. at a swivel angle of 0 °.
  • the closed position is ideal for lunch, in the the most intense sunlight comes from the south.
  • the closed slats offer their full shading effect, and at the same time the sunlight falls at a given Position of the shading system as vertically as possible the photovoltaic elements, so that an optimal photovoltaic yield is achieved.
  • the photovoltaic slats are used throughout the day 1b, 1c from the tracking device in the east-west direction wandering position of the sun by pivoting about its pivot axes 5, 7 within a swivel range of ⁇ 60 ° around the closed position so that the sunlight is always falls as vertically as possible on the photovoltaic elements, i.e. so that in the represented by FIGS. 4 to 7
  • Cross-sectional view of the slat system the corresponding projection the direction of sunlight incidence perpendicular to the photovoltaic slat surfaces is. 5 to 7 illustrate selected slat positions with successively increasing Swivel angle.
  • Fig. 5 shows a position with a pivot angle ⁇ of Photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c, tilted 30 ° to the east while in the opposite direction the counter-rotating lamella 2b by one Swivel angle ⁇ is tilted to the west.
  • the opposite Coupling the counter-rotating slats with the photovoltaic slats is chosen in this illustration example so that the Swivel angle ⁇ of the counter-rotating lamellae in terms of amount approx. 42% the swivel angle of the photovoltaic slats. From Fig.
  • the one on the Counterflow slats 2b incident sunlight portion not used for photovoltaics, but can be used for other purposes , for example for targeted, desired daylight lighting of the room behind. You can do this the counter-rotating blades 2b with suitable light-directing elements be equipped, e.g. with light-scattering elements and / or the direction and intensity of the transmitted Light-controlling elements such as prisms etc.
  • Fig. 6 shows a slat position in which the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c by a swivel angle ⁇ of 50 ° Are pivoted east. Again applies to the corresponding one Time of day the sunlight 20 in the horizontal projection shown perpendicular to the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c, and here, too, the tangents 21 touch the edges of the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c just the edges of the counter-rotating blades 2b, so that again no direct sunlight the row of slats can happen.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the case that the respective counter-rotating lamella 2b is reflective is designed, for example, from mirror glass is.
  • FIG. 7 shows the lamella arrangement in its one end position, in which the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c by one swivel angle ⁇ of 60 ° farthest to the east are.
  • the position is selected depending on the position of the sun, that the sunlight 20 in the cross-sectional view shown strikes the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c perpendicularly.
  • the tangents fall in this end position 21 to the mutually facing edges of the adjacent Photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c together and run in the Level of the intermediate counter-rotating lamella 2b. consequently there is also complete shading in this end position achieved against direct light incidence, and that only through the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c.
  • the slats are automatically adjusted by the sun pivoted in the morning into the end position according to FIG. 7, from which they are then successively pivoted back until they reach the closed position of FIG. 4 at noon. Then they become a mirror image of the north-south vertical plane according to the sequence of FIGS. 5 to 7 into the other end position pivoted, the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c from the closed position to 60 ° West tilted position.
  • the shading system according to the invention possible are. So the counter-rotating slats can have a different width than which have photovoltaic slats.
  • the shading system in any spatial other than that shown Orientation on a facade or a skylight Building or the like can be arranged.
  • photovoltaic elements are both solar cells of the common types with one Light absorber thin film as well as so-called light antenna solar cells with a nano-metal structure or electrochemical Usable solar cells.
  • photovoltaic elements can also be used with other solar energy converters Elements such as flat absorbers or vacuum tube collectors for a solar thermal conversion, or with light-collecting elements, such as with lenses or reflectors to which light guides can be coupled, the collected light of one use, for example for one controlled, uniform interior lighting.
  • the counter-rotating blades are preferably designed so that they by means of diffraction, refraction or reflection of the direct or diffuse solar radiation the desired daylight and shading functionality fulfill. As a positive side effect the reflected radiation can have the energy extraction function of the idler plates support.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Blinds (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Store comprenant
    une rangée de lamelles (1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b, 2c) disposées chacune de façon orientable autour d'un axe longitudinal (3 à 8), orienté perpendiculairement à la direction de la rangée (R), et composées d'un groupe de lamelles suiveuses (1a, 1b, 1c) et d'un groupe de lamelles à contre-sens disposées en alternance (2a, 2b, 2c), ainsi que
    des moyens de commande de pivotement qui orientent les lamelles d'un groupe dans le même sens et celles de l'autre groupe dans le sens opposé,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    les moyens de commande de pivotement sont conçus pour commander les mouvements de pivotement en sens opposé des deux groupes de lamelles (1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b, 2c) en fonction de la position du soleil de sorte qu'à l'intérieur d'une zone de pivotement correspondante comprenant la position fermée de la rangée de lamelles, les zones opposées des lamelles voisines - dans la position réglée en fonction de la position du soleil - ne produisent pratiquement pas d'ombre dans le sens de la projection des rayons du soleil.
  2. Store selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les lamelles suiveuses (1a, 1b, 1c) sont pourvues d'éléments de transformation d'énergie solaire et/ou d'accumulation de lumière.
  3. Store selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé également par le fait que les moyens de commande de pivotement sont conçus pour orienter les lamelles de sorte que les bords extérieurs opposés des lamelles voisines dans une zone correspondante comprenant la position fermée de la rangée de lamelles se trouvent - dans la position réglée des lamelles en fonction de la position du soleil - pratiquement sur une ligne de liaison (21) parallèle aux rayons du soleil.
  4. Store selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé également par le fait que les lamelles à contre-sens (2a, 2b, 2c) ont une fonction de guidage de la lumière.
  5. Store selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé également par le fait que la rangée de lamelles du store est disposée avec des axes de pivotement orientés perpendiculairement à l'horizontale.
  6. Store selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé également par un dispositif d'asservissement pour le pivotement automatique des lamelles suiveuses en fonction de la position du soleil.
  7. Store selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé également par une timonerie de couplage (10, 11a, 11b, 11c) pour le pivotement synchronisé des lamelles suiveuses (1a, 1b, 1c).
  8. Store selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé également par le fait que les lamelles à contre-sens (2a, 2b, 2c) sont accouplées au moyen d'un mécanisme de couplage mécanique (12 à 16) dans le sens opposé à la rotation des lamelles suiveuses (1a, 1b, 1c).
  9. Store selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé également par le fait que les moyens de commande de pivotement sont conçus pour commander la rotation des lamelles suiveuses (1a, 1b, 1c) de sorte que leurs surfaces à l'intérieur de la zone correspondante comprenant la position fermée de la rangée de lamelles sont - dans la position des lamelles réglée en fonction de la direction du soleil - pratiquement orthogonales à la composante (20) des rayons du soleil projetée sur le plan perpendiculaire aux axes longitudinaux des lamelles.
EP99911749A 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Installation d'ombrage a lamelles Expired - Lifetime EP1068422B9 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19810436A DE19810436A1 (de) 1998-03-11 1998-03-11 Lamellenbeschattungsanlage
DE19810436 1998-03-11
PCT/EP1999/001469 WO1999046473A1 (fr) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Installation d'ombrage a lamelles

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1068422A1 EP1068422A1 (fr) 2001-01-17
EP1068422B1 EP1068422B1 (fr) 2003-05-07
EP1068422B9 true EP1068422B9 (fr) 2003-11-05

Family

ID=7860455

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99911749A Expired - Lifetime EP1068422B9 (fr) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Installation d'ombrage a lamelles

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1068422B9 (fr)
AT (1) ATE239853T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3032199A (fr)
DE (2) DE19810436A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1068422T5 (fr)
ES (1) ES2200510T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1068422E (fr)
WO (1) WO1999046473A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1217164A3 (fr) 1999-10-03 2003-10-01 Hermann-Frank Müller Store à lamelles verticales amovible
DE202016103216U1 (de) 2016-06-17 2017-09-19 Ludewig Gmbh Fassadenabschattung sowie Scherenarm für eine Fassadenabschattung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1734532U (de) * 1956-06-28 1956-11-22 Trox Gmbh Geb Jalousieklappe mit gegenlaeufig zueinander verstellbaren lamellen.
FR2110753A5 (fr) * 1970-10-29 1972-06-02 Etu Realisa Indles
DE4239003C2 (de) * 1991-11-19 1995-03-09 Gartner & Co J Sonnenschutz mit lichtlenkenden Eigenschaften
FR2691744A1 (fr) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-03 Garin Joseph Stores à lamelles indépendantes suspendues dont les lamelles adjacentes tournent dans un sens opposé.
DE4302883A1 (de) * 1992-10-06 1994-04-07 Colt Int Holdings Beschattungsvorrichtung für mit einer Verglasung versehene Fassaden- oder Dachelemente

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK1068422T3 (da) 2003-09-01
DE59905465D1 (de) 2003-06-12
EP1068422B1 (fr) 2003-05-07
ES2200510T3 (es) 2004-03-01
ATE239853T1 (de) 2003-05-15
WO1999046473A9 (fr) 1999-12-02
DK1068422T5 (da) 2004-01-05
WO1999046473A1 (fr) 1999-09-16
PT1068422E (pt) 2003-09-30
EP1068422A1 (fr) 2001-01-17
DE19810436A1 (de) 1999-09-23
AU3032199A (en) 1999-09-27

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