EP1064448B1 - Sliding door with emergency opening or closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an emergency opening device for a preferably automatic two-panel sliding door having an energy storage element embodied by a rubber belt (6). Said rubber belt (6) is on one side irremovably fixed in a support (9) and on the other side removably fixed to a holding device (7) by means of a slide (8). During normal operation of the sliding door the pretensed rubber belt (6) has no effect. The holding device (7) releases the slide (8) with the rubber belt only in an emergency, such as a fire or power failure. The slide (8) interacts with the pulley carriages (5b) of the sliding door and by means of the energy stored in the rubber belt (6) moves the sliding panels (1a, 1b) into the fully opened position. To prevent a sudden, severe impact of the slide (8) against the pulley carriage (5b) the slide (8) comprises a friction brake (82, 83, 84). This brake (82, 83, 84) is released by a control device (56) only after the slide has contacted the pulley carriage (5b) so that the entire energy stored in the rubber belt (6) is then able to act upon the pulley carriage (5b). When the emergency is over the rubber belt (6) is tensed during the first closure of the sliding door by the movement of the pulley carriage (5b) and again fixed to the holding device (7).

Description

The invention relates to a sliding door with an emergency opening or emergency closing device with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

DE 195 33 153 describes such an emergency opening device for a preferably automatic double leaf sliding door with a spring formed energy store. On the one hand, the spring is fixed in place in a bearing and on the other hand can be released in an electromagnetic holding device anchored. In normal operation of the sliding door, the spring is pre-tensioned ineffective. Only in an emergency, e.g. in the event of a fire or in the event of a power failure, the holding device gives the spring is free, whereupon this discharges the stored in it Energy interacts with the roller carriage of the sliding door and the sliding sash moved to the full open position. The disadvantage of this version is that depending on the position of the sliding sash the spring after its release with a impact the connected driver hard and suddenly on the roller carriage can. With frequent use, this can damage the roller carriage and the suspension of the sliding sash.

The object of the invention is in a drive of the type mentioned, a To develop an emergency opening or closing device that provides high operational reliability having.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the claim 1.

The brake prevents a hard and sudden impact of the preferably axially movable energy storage within the running rail or with the Force storage connected guide part on a wing-fixed part, e.g. on the Roller carriage. The guide part connected to the energy accumulator can be used as be a sled. Provided the energy storage device or the slide is at its release by the holding device is not in contact with the fixed wing Part or the roller carriage is located, as is partially or fully open Sliding sash is the case, the guide part connected to the energy accumulator or the slide through the energy accumulator in the direction of the wing or the roller carriage moves and brakes. Only after hitting the The wing or the roller carriage is arranged by a brake on the roller carriage Control device solved, so that thereupon the entire in the energy store stored force can act on the roller carriage, causing the sliding sash be moved to their open position under the effect of the energy store.

The guide part of the energy accumulator is already at the time of release at the stop with the wing or the roller carriage, as is the case with closed Sliding sash is the case, the brake is already through the control device solved and from the beginning the full force of the energy store acts on the Roller carriage and the sliding sash.

The brake is preferably a friction brake with two Brake shoes, which interact with the running rail. The brake shoes are arranged on the outside of two brake levers, which in scissors-like a preferably common pivot point stored within the carriage are. Under the action of a spring arranged between the brake levers, preferably The brake levers are pressurized to the braking position.

When hitting the roller carriage, the free ends of the brake levers moved apart along bevelled control surfaces of the control device and thereby the brake shoes with compression of the compression spring from the running rail solved.

In normal operation of the door, the carriage is locked in a holding device i.e. the auxiliary drive remains cocked. In a preferred embodiment, the holding device has an electromagnet fixed in the running rail on. The electromagnet interacts with an anchor plate, which is attached to one rotatably mounted holding arm is articulated. With the electromagnet switched on the anchor plate is attracted by the electromagnet and the Holding arm blocked in its holding position. With de-energized electromagnet detaches the anchor plate from the magnet, preferably by holding the arm under the action of the slide and the energy accumulator in its release position be pivoted.

The front end of the guide part of the energy accumulator or the slide has a projection with an upward locking lug. In locking position engages behind a downward-facing one arranged on the locking arm Locking nose this locking nose of the carriage and blocks it against one Axial movement. After switching off the electromagnet, the locking arm can Swing up freely and release the catch of the slide. The The auxiliary drive can then move the sliding sash to the open position.

If the emergency is eliminated, the elastic band will be the first time the door is closed Prestressed sliding door and reconnected to the holding device, that is held in the biased position.

The auxiliary drive can be used for modified versions with a corresponding design can also be used for emergency closing instead of the emergency opening Set out above for the emergency opening in a corresponding manner for the emergency closing applies.

Further details of the invention are set out in subclaims 2 to 20.

Figur 1

die Prinzipskizze eines Schiebetürantriebs mit Notöffnungseinrichtung;

Figur 2

einen Ausschnitt in Figur 1 mit einer Darstellung der Notöffnungseinrichtung; a) in Seitenansicht, b) in Draufsicht;

Figur 3

einen Querschnitt durch die Laufschiene entlang Linie III - III in Figur 1;

Figur 4

eine Detaildarstellung der Bremse in Figur 1; a) in Seitenansicht, b) in Draufsicht;

Figur 5

eine Detaildarstellung der elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung in Figur 1; a) in Seitenansicht, b) in Draufsicht;

Figur 6

eine Detaildarstellung des Rollenwagens in Figur 1; a) in Seitenansicht, b) in Draufsicht;

Figur 7

eine Detaildarstellung des Lagers in Figur 1; a) in Seitenansicht, b) in Draufsicht;

The invention is explained in more detail in the figures. It shows:

Figure 1

the schematic diagram of a sliding door drive with emergency opening device;

Figure 2

a detail in Figure 1 with a representation of the emergency opening device; a) in side view, b) in top view;

Figure 3

a cross section through the running rail along line III - III in Figure 1;

Figure 4

a detailed view of the brake in Figure 1; a) in side view, b) in top view;

Figure 5

a detailed view of the electromagnetic holding device in Figure 1; a) in side view, b) in top view;

Figure 6

a detailed view of the roller carriage in Figure 1; a) in side view, b) in top view;

Figure 7

a detailed view of the camp in Figure 1; a) in side view, b) in top view;

FIG. 1 shows an automatic sliding door system with two door leaves 1a, 1b and a sliding door drive 2 with a drive box 21. Each of the two door leaves 1a, 1b is provided with two carriages 5 each and is displaceably guided in a stationary horizontal running rail 4. The running rail 4 is arranged integrated in the drive box 21.

The door wings 1a, 1b and are driven via a toothed belt 34, which a drive motor 3 is driven via a drive pulley 31 and via a deflection roller 32 is guided all around. Between drive motor 3 and drive pulley 31 is a clutch, not shown, which is arranged in a Failure of the drive motor 3, the drive pulley 31 automatically decouples from the motor. A driver 33b connected to the right door leaf 1b is at the top Thread of the toothed belt 34 attached, while one located on the left door leaf 1a Driver 33a connected to the lower run of the toothed belt 34 is.

The emergency opening device has an auxiliary drive 6 which acts as an elastic band is executed. Both ends of the elastic band 6 are at the left end of the Track 4 attached to a fixed bearing 9. The elastic band 6 is inside the track 4 out, it for reasons of space saving in the area the roller carriage 5 in recesses 55 (Figure 3) of the rollers 53a, 53b is led. The extreme right end of the elastic band 6 is with one in the Track 4 connected axially displaceable carriage 8. The carriage 8 has a locking lug 85 (FIG. 4a), with which it has a fixed position in the running rail 4 arranged holding device 7 cooperates.

The right end face of the right roller carriage 5b on the left door leaf 1a forms a stop surface for the carriage 8, whereby this together with the roller carriage 5 after an accident or when the door leaves 1a, 1b are closed for the first time after installing the emergency opening device in its holding position on the Retaining device 7 is brought.

In the event of a power failure or other emergency situations, the holding device 7 gives the Sled 8 free. This moves under the effect of the pre-tensioned elastic band 6 to the left until it meets the roller carriage 5b. Only when closed Door leaves 1a, 1b, the carriage 8 is already in contact with the roller carriage 5b.

A brake arranged in the carriage 8 prevents an unbraked impact of the carriage 8 on the roller carriage 5b after release by the holding device 7. The frictional force causes contraction of the elastic band 8 movement of the carriage 8 braked. Only after the braked impact on the roller carriage 5b, the brake of the carriage 8 is by a Roller carriage 5b attached control device 56 (Figure 6) solved so that in an emergency the sliding sashes 1a, 1b open without braking with the full force of the elastic band 6 become. The auxiliary drive 6 is designed and biased so that when entering In an emergency, the door leaves 1a, 1b are safely pulled into the open position become.

The pre-tensioned elastic band 6 remains in tension during normal operation of the door Condition anchored in the holding device 7. In an emergency, like e.g. Power failure, the carriage 8 is released by the holding device 7 and comes into contact with the roller carriage 5, whereupon he contracts it of the tensioned elastic 6 moves to the open position.

Two-leaf versions are possible in which only one door leaf with one Auxiliary drive is provided. As soon as in an emergency, the one sliding wing by the auxiliary drive is moved, the second sliding sash automatically becomes due to the positive coupling moved over the driver and the toothed belt. Especially at Sliding doors with large opening widths and heavy door leaves can also both door leaves are equipped with auxiliary drives, which are independent of each other work.

Once the damage or malfunction has occurred, the first Closing movement of the door leaf 1a, 1b of the elastic 6 stretched, the Latch 85 of the carriage 8 in the electromagnetic holding device 7 snaps into place.

In alternative designs, a spring balancer can also be used instead of the elastic band 6 or another resilient body can be provided.

The representations in FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b show the emergency opening device in an overview with omission of the running rail 4. All of the components shown, with the exception of the suspension device 54 for the sliding leaves 1a, 1b, are arranged inside the running rail 4.

The auxiliary drive 6 designed as a rubber band is with its two ends fixed on the left side in a fixed bearing 9. The bearing 9 also has one buffer 96 shown in Figure 7, which in the event of an emergency opening the impact of the left roller carriage 5a dampens on the rail end. A vertical one Buffer block 58, with which the roller carriage 5a runs onto the buffer 96, is open screwed a bracket of the suspension device 54.

The right roller carriage 5b is in the closed position shown in FIG Sliding sash 1a, 1b in the stop with one axially movable in the running rail 4 guided slide 8. The elastic 6 is passed through the slide 8 and is tensioned according to the movement of the carriage 8 in the running rail 4 or relaxed.

In normal operation of the sliding door system, the carriage 8 is in a holding device 7 found, i.e. the elastic band 6 remains independent of the movement of the Door leaf 1a, 1b preloaded.

The roller carriage 5a, 5b is guided with its rollers 53a, 53b in a running rail 4 shown in section in FIG . A suspension device 54 engages in the roller carriage base body 51 with a threaded screw 54a.

The drive consists of a U-shaped rail 4, on the underside between two lateral webs 4a, 4b a central opening for carrying out the Suspension device 54 for the sliding sash 1a remains. Via a threaded screw 54a, the sliding sash 1a is connected to the underside of the roller carriage 5, the sliding wing 1a with a bracket 54c on the head of the threaded screw 54a suspended and secured there by a lock nut 54b is.

The webs 4a, 4b are designed as running surfaces for the roller carriage 5, wherein the left web 4a in FIG. 3 has a running surface with a curved cross section and the right web 4b is a tread with a flattened cross section. Suitable for this purpose, the two left rollers 53a of the roller carriage 5 have a curved one Tread and the right rollers 53b a flattened tread.

The rollers 53b with a flattened tread each have a circumferential one Recess 55 within their tread. This recess 55 is used for receiving and guidance of the elastic band 6, which in emergency operation opening the Sliding sash 1a, 1b causes. The elastic band 6 is on the one hand in the running rail 4 guided carriage 8 fixed and on the other hand in a stationary Bearing 9 fixed. It serves as an auxiliary drive 6 for emergency opening or closing the sliding sash 1a, 1b if the sliding door drive fails. The elastic band 6 runs in the area of the rollers 53b within the recess 55 in their running surface. An undesirable mutual blocking or jamming of roller carriages 5 and elastic 6 is avoided.

In the webs 4a, 4b, mutually facing receiving grooves 4c for receiving arranged by sealing brushes. The upper area of the profile rail 4 with the inside contained roller carriage 5 is thereby completed and penetration of Dirt or foreign bodies largely prevented.

FIG. 4a shows the slide 8 guided in the running rail 4. The slide 8 consists of an elongated slide body 81, which has a horizontal projection 81a at its front end with an upwardly directed locking lug 85. The locking lug 85 interacts with the electromagnetic holding device 7 shown in FIG. 5 to determine the slide 8 during normal operation of the door. The locking lug 85 has a first flatter run-up slope 85a facing the holding device 7 and a second steeper run-up slope 85b facing away from the holding device 7.

At the opposite end of the carriage body are two brake levers 82, 83 Stored like scissors in a common pivot point 89. A brake lever 82 lies on the top and the other brake lever 83 on the bottom of the Sled body. A compression spring is located between the two brake levers 82, 83 86 in the carriage body, which the two lever arms 82, 83 after biased outside. On the outward side of everyone Brake levers 82, 83 are 6 friction linings on both sides of the elastic band, not shown 84 arranged, which in the event of braking under the pressure of the compression spring 86 interacts with the running rail 4. The brake levers 82, 83 are on the sides the flattened running surfaces 4b (Figure 3) arranged in the running rail 4, so that the friction linings 84 each with the flattened rail-side treads 4b work together.

The lever ends 82a, 83a opposite the friction linings 84 project horizontally over the carriage body 81 and have beveled ends with inward directed slope. These lever ends 82a, 83a act to release the Brake together with a control device 56 shown in Figure 6.

The elastic band 6 is through a recess 81b in the carriage body 81 thereof The top is led to the bottom. The carriage 8 is, so to speak, on the Elastic 6 "threaded", the elastic 6 loop-like deflection experienced by 180 °. In Figure 4a, the elastic band 6 is only indicated by dashed lines. The two ends of the elastic band 6 are in a fixed bearing 9 at the rail end fixed. The elastic band 6 can by the movement of the carriage 8th tensioned or relaxed in the running rail 4.

In order to prevent the slide body 81 from tilting in the running rail 4, a T-piece 88 is fastened to the side of the slide body 81 by a screw connection 87, as shown in FIG. 4b . The T-piece 88 is supported with its T-leg on the rail wall opposite the brake levers 82, 83.

In normal operation of the sliding door system, the slide 8 is fixed in the tensioned position of the elastic band 6 by an electromagnetic holding device 7 shown in FIG. 5a in the running rail 4. The holding device 7 is arranged inside the running rail 4 and consists of a horizontal base body 71 which has a first vertical leg 71a at one end and a second vertical leg 71b is fastened at its other end by a screw connection 77b.

A clamping screw is in a vertical bore of the first vertical leg 71a 78 added, through which the holding device 7 in the running rail 4 is fixed in place. At the free end of the second leg 71b a horizontally aligned holding arm 74 facing the carriage 8 in one Pivot bearing 76 is articulated so that it can pivot up and down can.

The free end of the holding arm 74 is designed as a holding nose 75, which interacts with the locking lug 85 of the carriage 8. The downward Retaining nose 75 has a flatter run-up slope facing the carriage 8 75a and a steeper run-up slope 75b facing away from the carriage 8.

Between the two vertical legs 71a 71b and below the locking arm 74 is an electromagnet 72 through a screw connection 77a on the base body 71 attached. An armature plate 73 is cardanic above the electromagnet 72 articulated centrally on the holding arm 74. When the solenoid is energized, the Armature plate 73 is attracted to electromagnet 72 and locking arm 74 thereby blocked against deflection.

To determine the carriage 8, this is when the door is closed by the Roller carriage 5b moves along and comes into contact with the electromagnet 72 holding arm 74 determined. The flatter starting slope acts 85a of the locking lug 85 of the carriage 8 with the flatter ramp slope 75a Holding nose 75 of the holding arm 74 together. Because of the flat angle, in which detent 85 and detent 75 meet, range from Exerted forces from the door drive, the holding arm 74 together with the anchor plate 73 against the attraction of the electromagnet 72 to stand out from this. The Retaining arm 74 pivots clockwise upwards, and the latch 85 can pass through the holding nose 75, whereupon the holding arm 74 is behind the latch 85 lowers and blocks it. The holding arm 74 is now again determined on the electromagnet 72 via the armature plate 73.

As the door continues to operate, the carriage 8 remains independent of the movement the roller carriage 5a, 5b blocked in its locking position. In this locking position acts the steeper start slope 75b of the retaining lug 75 with the steeper run-up slope 85b of the locking lug 85 together. The one from the biased Elastic band 6 force exerted on the carriage 8 is not sufficient to to lift the holding arm 74 against the force of the electromagnet 72. Only after the electromagnet 72 has been switched off can the holding arm 74 be pivoted upward under the force of the elastic 6 and thereby release the carriage 8.

The slide 8 moves under contraction of the tensioned elastic band 6 after release in Figure 2 to the left, with the friction linings through the Compression spring 86 can be pressed against the running rail 4. The carriage 8 moves thus only braked within the track 4. If the carriage 8 to The time of release is not in contact with the roller carriage 5b, e.g. because the This means that the door was already fully or partially open at this time an uncontrolled acceleration of the carriage 8 and a hard impact prevented the roller carriage 5b.

After hitting the roller carriage 5b, the brake of the carriage 8 is released by a control device 56. 6a and 6b show the roller carriage 5b and the control device 56 formed on the roller carriage 5b.

The roller carriage 5b consists, as shown, of an elongated, cuboid Base body 51, in which two continuous, one behind the other horizontal axes 52 are mounted. Each of the axes 52 carries two external, different shaped rollers 53a, 53b.

A horizontal control arm 56 is on the side facing the carriage 8 of the Roller carriage 5b by a screw 57 on the roller carriage base body 51 attached. The control arm 56 is arranged transversely to the running direction of the roller carriage 5b and has a wedge-shaped control surface with a lower slope 56b and an upper slope 56a. The control arm 56 projects into the movement path of the slide 8. When the slide 8 hits the roller carriage 5b act the two bevels 56a, 56b with the bevelled ends 82a, 83a of the two Brake levers 82, 83 together, the one brake lever 82 on the upper Slope 56a and the other brake lever 83 strikes the lower slope 56b. The ends of the brake levers 82a, 83a are moved apart along the bevels 56a, 56b and at the same time the opposite ends of the brake levers 82, 83 merged under compression of the compression spring 86. The Braking effect of the friction surfaces 84 is canceled, and the roller carriage 5b is included Slide 8 under the action of the elastic band 6 without braking into the open position emotional.

Figure 7a shows a side view of the fixed bearing 9 and the buffer 96 at the rail end. The bearing 9 consists of a flat base body 91, onto which a vertical leg 92 is screwed by means of two fastening screws 93. The vertical leg 92 has two vertical bores 92a for receiving clamping screws 94. The bearing 9 is inserted from the rail end into the running rail 4 and fixed there by means of the two clamping screws 94.

At the front, the vertical leg 92 has a recess 92b for receiving it a compression spring 95. A buffer element 96 is placed on the compression spring 95, which when reaching the rail end as a stop for one with the left Roller carriage 5a connected bumper block 58 (Figure 2a) is used. On the front of the vertical leg 92 is a front panel 97 screwed, which in the area of the buffer 96 has an opening. The buffer 96 protrudes in the horizontal direction over the front panel 97, but is through the front panel 97 with axial Game fixed within the recess 92b.

FIG. 7b shows the bearing block 98 for the elastic band 6 screwed on laterally onto the vertical leg 92 with a fastening screw 99. The bearing block 98 has two axial bores 98a arranged parallel to one another, through which the ends of the not shown elastic band 6 are passed. After the passage 98a, the ends of the elastic band 6 are knotted after setting the desired pretension or fixed by a clamping device.

In modified embodiments are instead of the linear sliding wing 1a, 1b round arch sliding wing or folding sliding wing guided in the running rail 4.

Claims (20)

1. A sliding door having an automatic drive (3) and an auxiliary drive (6) for emergency opening or emergency closing,

   comprising at least one leaf (1a, 1b) displaceably driven in a running rail (4) via a drive motor;

   and comprising an energy storing means (6) as an auxiliary drive which brings the door leaf (1a, 1b) into the opening or closing position in the event of failure of the drive motor (3) or of a transmission part present between the drive motor (3) and the door leaf (1a, 1b),

   wherein the energy storing means (6) or a guide part (8) connected to the energy storing means is fixed in the normal operation of the door at a fixed position mount or a fixed leaf mount and is releasable via a holding device (7);

   wherein, on release, the energy storing means (6) or the guide part (8) connected to the energy storing means is guided in a guide device (4) extending parallel to the direction of movement of the leaf, characterised in that the energy storing means (6) or the guide part (8) connected to the energy storing means has a brake (82, 83, 84).
2. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the brake (82, 83, 84) is effective in dependence on the leaf position.
3. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the brake (82, 83, 84) can be switched on or off, preferably off, via a control device (56) when the energy storing means or the guide part (8) connected to the energy storing means comes into abutment with the leaf or a fixed leaf part, e.g. a roller carriage.
4. An apparatus in accordance with one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the control device (56) is arranged at the roller carriage (5b).
5. An apparatus in accordance with claim 4, characterised in that the control device (56) has a preferably wedge-shaped end face (56a, 56b) which cooperates with the guide pert connected to the energy storing means, preferably with the slide (8).
6. An apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide device is formed in a fixed position, preferably in the region of or as part of the running rail, or is formed as the running rail.
7. An apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the brake (82, 83, 84) cooperates with the guide device.
8. An apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide part connected to the energy storing means, preferably the slide (8), is axially displaceably supported in the guide device, preferably in the running rail (4), in which the sliding leaves (1a, 1b) with roller carriage (5a, 5b) are guided.
9. An apparatus in accordance with claim 8, characterised in that the guide part connected to the energy storing means, preferably the slide 8, has two brake levers (82, 83) which are supported at a preferably common fulcrum (89) inside the slide (8), preferably in a scissor-like manner.
10. An apparatus in accordance with claim 8 or claim 9, characterised in that friction surfaces (84) are arranged on the outsides of the brake levers (82, 83) and cooperate with the section of the running rail (4).
11. An apparatus in accordance with any of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the brake levers (82, 83) are loaded by a compression spring (86) or the like in the braking position.
12. An apparatus in accordance with any of claims 8 to 11, characterised in that the brake levers (82, 83) are loaded into the release position by the control device (56) against the force of the compression spring (86).
13. An apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holding device (7) is arranged in fixed position in the running rail (4), preferably fastened by a clamping connection (78).
14. An apparatus in accordance with claim 13, characterised in that the holding device (7) has an electro-magnet (72) which cooperates with a retaining arm (74), preferably supported in a rotatably movable manner.
15. An apparatus in accordance with claim 13 or claim 14, characterised in that the retaining arm (74) is fixed when the electro-magnet (72) is energised and released when the electro-magnet (72) is de-energised.
16. An apparatus in accordance with any of claims 13 to 15, characterised in that the retaining arm (74) cooperates with the slide (8), preferably with a latching device (85) of the slide (8).
17. An apparatus in accordance with any of the claims, characterised in that the auxiliary drive (6) is fixed in a fixed position mount (9) at the running rail (4), preferably at the end face of the running rail (4).
18. An apparatus in accordance with claim 17, characterised in that the fixed position mount (9) is arranged within the running rail (4).
19. An apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the auxiliary drive (6) is guided within the running rail (4), preferably within recesses (55) of the rollers (53b) of the roller carriage (5a, 5b).
20. An apparatus in accordance with any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the auxiliary drive (6) is designed as a rubber strap, a spring or the like.

Images