EP1051373B1 - Azidfreie, gaserzeugende zusammensetzung - Google Patents
Azidfreie, gaserzeugende zusammensetzung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1051373B1 EP1051373B1 EP99961043A EP99961043A EP1051373B1 EP 1051373 B1 EP1051373 B1 EP 1051373B1 EP 99961043 A EP99961043 A EP 99961043A EP 99961043 A EP99961043 A EP 99961043A EP 1051373 B1 EP1051373 B1 EP 1051373B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nitrate
- weight
- composition according
- composition
- ammonium perchlorate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 92
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001963 alkali metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001964 alkaline earth metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium nitrate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N alloxan Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(=O)C(=O)N1 HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ULUZGMIUTMRARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carbamoylamino)urea Chemical compound NC(=O)NNC(N)=O ULUZGMIUTMRARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(N)=O YIKSCQDJHCMVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BVEWMNTVZPFPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuric acid Chemical compound OC1C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O BVEWMNTVZPFPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UDATXMIGEVPXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1NNC(=O)N1 UDATXMIGEVPXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BVGPZRCQJJMXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diaminoguanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NN\C(N)=N/N BVGPZRCQJJMXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BAKYASSDAXQKKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O BAKYASSDAXQKKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- STIAPHVBRDNOAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoylazanium;carbonate Chemical compound NC(N)=N.NC(N)=N.OC(O)=O STIAPHVBRDNOAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KBJCHZXIAAWHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;perchloric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.OCl(=O)(=O)=O KBJCHZXIAAWHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;1,2,3-triaminoguanidine Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NNC(NN)=NN UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001959 inorganic nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous guanidine Natural products NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACLSOUIYCKZPMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium perchloric acid chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH4+].Cl(=O)(=O)(=O)O ACLSOUIYCKZPMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZFLIKDUSUDBGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N parabanic acid Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(=O)N1 ZFLIKDUSUDBGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an azide-free, gas-generating Composition, in particular for use in safety devices for motor vehicles.
- US-A-5,780,768 describes such a composition which a fuel mixture of the guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine and their Mixtures existing group and an inorganic oxidizer comprising ceric ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, lithium perchlorate, Sodium perchlorate, mixtures of ammonium perchlorate and at least one alkali metal salt, as well as mixtures thereof is.
- Ammonium perchlorate is in these mixtures over the Alkali metal salts present in deficit.
- the oxidizer-fuel mixture has an oxygen balance of between + 4% and -4%. Of the Share of solid combustion residues of the mixture should not be greater than 30 wt .-%.
- the known gas-generating compositions have in general combustion temperatures of well over 2200 K.
- the high combustion temperatures favor the formation of Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides and thus have higher emissions of harmful gases result.
- problems arise with the newly used uncoated airbag materials.
- the to catch the hydrochloric acid released from the ammonium perchlorate used high In addition, amounts of alkali metal salts cause a high Fine dust content in the generated gas mixture.
- Post-published European application EP 1 037 864 discloses gas-generating pyrotechnic compositions comprising a crosslinkable reducing binder in a proportion of at most 10% by weight of the composition which may contain as oxidizers mixtures of ammonium perchlorate and sodium nitrate ,
- weight ratios of ammonium perchlorate to sodium nitrate of between 1.42 and 2.1, corresponding to a molar ratio of ammonium perchlorate to nitrate ions (NO 3 - ) of 1.02 and 1.51 described.
- the latter composition contains a high proportion of lithium carbonate for trapping hydrochloric acid formed from the ammonium perchlorate.
- compositions with a crosslinkable reducing binder in a proportion of at most 10% by weight the composition.
- the fuel has an enthalpy of formation of less than -3.35 kJ / g and an oxygen balance greater than -90% on.
- the oxygen balance of the composition is preferably between 0 and -4%.
- the combustion temperature is preferred below 2200K, and more preferably below 2000K.
- the oxygen balance of a compound or a mixture is understood to mean that amount of oxygen in percent by weight which becomes free upon complete reaction of the compound or the mixture with, for example, CO 2 , H 2 O, Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 (O 2 over- balancing). , If the available oxygen is insufficient for this purpose, the shortage of oxygen with a negative sign required for complete conversion is indicated (O 2 sub-balancing).
- the oxygen balance of the fuel is preferably greater than - 80%.
- the fuel is that of cyanuric acid, Urea, oxamide, uracol, dialuric acid, biurea, alloxan, Alloxantine, parabanic acid and their mixtures existing group selected. Most preferred is cyanuric acid.
- the inorganic oxidizer is preferably a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and an alkali metal nitrate, wherein the alkali metal nitrate from sodium nitrate, lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate or whose mixtures existing group is selected.
- Way can also be a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and alkaline earth metal nitrates such as strontium nitrate as an oxidizer be used.
- the molar ratio of ammonium perchlorate to alkali metal nitrate can be preferred between 1.5: 1 and 3.5: 1, vary.
- the molar ratio of ammonium perchlorate and alkaline earth metal nitrate is accordingly preferably between 1.5: 0.5 and 3.5: 0.5.
- the gas generating composition according to the invention may further up to 10% by weight, based on the total composition, of one Burnup accelerator, selected from the group guanidine carbonate, Guanidine nitrate, guanidine perchlorate, aminoguanidine nitrate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, Triaminoguanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine and theirs Mixtures is selected.
- one Burnup accelerator selected from the group guanidine carbonate, Guanidine nitrate, guanidine perchlorate, aminoguanidine nitrate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, Triaminoguanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine and theirs Mixtures is selected.
- Combustion moderators may also be advantageously added to the composition in an amount of up to 5% by weight, based on the total composition, of the group Cr 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , CuO, Cu 2 O and mixtures thereof are selected.
- the mixture may contain conventional processing aids in a proportion of up to 3 wt .-%.
- the processing aids are preferably selected from the group of flow aids, pressing aids and / or lubricants.
- compositions of the invention consist essentially of 30 to 45 wt .-% cyanuric acid, 0 to 5 wt .-% guanidine nitrate, 10 to 35 wt .-% sodium nitrate, 20 to 50 wt .-% ammonium perchlorate and each 0 to 2 wt. -% CuO and Fe 2 O 3 .
- Another, particularly preferred composition consists essentially of 30 to 45 wt .-% cyanuric acid, 0 to 5 wt .-% guanidine nitrate, 10 to 35 wt .-% strontium nitrate, 20 to 50 wt .-% ammonium perchlorate and each 0 to 2 % By weight of CuO and Fe 2 O 3 .
- compositions of the invention are characterized in Comparison to the compositions described in US 5,780,768 due to extremely low combustion temperatures below 2250 K. as well as a good ignition in conjunction with a sufficient high burn rate.
- the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the released gas mixture are also considerably lower.
- the compositions of the invention also give a increased gas yield with significantly reduced particle emissions.
- a fuel containing C, H, N and O with an enthalpy of formation ⁇ H f of less than -3.35 kJ / g, whose oxygen balance is at the same time greater than -90, has proved favorable for the generation of combustion temperatures which are as low as possible and thus lower % is. This ensures that the proportion of oxidizer in the composition can be kept low.
- urea oxamide
- urazole dialuric acid and biurea
- Guanidine nitrate or another guanidine compound in small amounts of up to 10 wt .-% as an accelerator.
- the oxygen balance of the composition can advantageously be set between 0 and -4%, since the limit for the NO x which is preferably formed in the case of oxygen overbalancing is substantially lower as the limit for the carbon monoxide which is preferably produced by under-balancing.
- the resulting mixture was ignited in a closed 60 liter jug.
- the maximum can pressure determined in this way was 216 kPa, with a calculated gas yield of 84.7%.
- the carbon monoxide concentration in the liberated gas mixture, measured in a 2.5 m 3 chamber, was 289 ppm, the NO x concentration was 56 ppm.
- the emitted particulate matter was 1.05 g.
- the calculated combustion temperature was 2165 K.
- the HCl concentration in the gas mixture produced was below the detection limit of 1 ppm.
- Example 1 the amount of particulate matter discharged was lower at 0.95 g as in Example 1. Although the molar ratio of ammonium perchlorate to potassium nitrate in this example was about 2.27 also in this experiment, no significant amount of hydrochloric acid in the Combustion gases are detected. The HCl concentration was ⁇ 1 ppm below the detection limit of the device used.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Description
| 228 g | gemahlene Cyanursäure, |
| 26,4 g | mikronisiertes Guanidinnitrat, |
| 218,5 g | Ammoniumperchlorat und |
| 127,1 g | Natriumnitrat |
| 38,7 g | gemahlene Cyanursäure |
| 3,4 g | mikronisiertes Guanidinnitrat |
| 24,2 g | Kaliumnitrat |
| 33,7 g | Ammoniumperchlorat |
| 2 g | Eisenoxid |
| 2 g | Kupferoxid |
| Gas | Konzentration [ppm] |
| CO | 242 |
| NO | 6,7 |
| NO2 | 0,36 |
| NH3 | < 1 |
| CO2 | 1583 |
| SO2 | <0,1 |
| HCN | <1 |
| HCl | <0,5 |
| CH2O | <0,8 |
| COCl2 | <0,1 |
| C6H6 | < 1 |
| 37,3 g | gemahlene Cyanursäure, |
| 3,2 g | mikronisiertes Guanidinnitrat, |
| 45 g | Ammoniumperchlorat |
| 14,5 g | Natriumnitrat |
Claims (15)
- Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung, insbesondere zur Verwendung in Sicherheitseinrichtungen für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit einem Brennstoff und einem anorganischen Oxidator, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbrennungstemperatur der Zusammensetzung unterhalb von 2250 K liegt und daß der anorganische Oxidator ein Gemisch aus Ammoniumperchlorat und einem aus der Gruppe der Alkalimetallnitrate und Erdalkalimetallnitrate ausgewählten Nitrat ist, wobeiausgenommen eine azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung mit einem vernetzbaren reduzierenden Binder in einem Anteil von höchstens 10 Gew.-% der Zusammensetzung.(i) das molare Verhältnis von Ammoniumperchlorat zu Alkalimetallnitrat zwischen 1,05:1 und 6:1 liegt, oder(ii) das molare Verhältnis von Ammoniumperchlorat zu Erdalkalimetallnitrat zwischen 1,05:0,5 und 6:0,5 liegt,
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sauerstoffbilanz des Brennstoffs größer als -90% und die Bildungsenthalpie kleiner als -3,35 kJ/g ist.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brennstoff aus der aus Cyanursäure, Harnstoff, Oxamid, Urazol, Dialursäure, Biurea, Alloxan, Alloxantin, Parabensäure und deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brennstoff Cyanursäure ist.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sauerstoffbilanz der Zusammensetzung zwischen 0 und -4% liegt.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Oxidator eine Mischung aus Ammoniumperchlorat und einem Alkalimetallnitrat ist, wobei das Alkalimetallnitrat aus der aus Natriumnitrat, Lithiumnitrat, Kaliumnitrat oder deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das molare Verhältnis von Ammoniumperchlorat und Alkalimetallnitrat zwischen 1,5:1 und 3,5:1 liegt.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Oxidator eine Mischung aus Ammoniumperchlorat und einem Erdalkalimetallnitrat ist.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Oxidator eine Mischung aus Ammoniumperchlorat und Strontiumnitrat ist.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das molare Verhältnis von Ammoniumperchlorat zu Erdalkalimetallnitrat zwischen 1,5:0,5 und 3,5:0,5 liegt.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zusammensetzung, bezogen auf die Gesamtzusammensetzung, bis zu 10 Gew.-% Abbrandbeschleuniger enthält, die aus der Gruppe Guanidincarbonat, Guanidinnitrat, Guanidinperchlorat, Aminoguanidinnitrat, Diaminoguanidinnitrat, Triaminognanidinnitrat, Nitroguanidin und deren Mischungen ausgewählt sind.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zusammensetzung zusätzlich bis zu 5 Gew.-% Abbrandmoderatoren enthält, die aus der Gruppe Cr2O3, MnO2, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CuO, Cu2O und deren Mischungen ausgewählt sind.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zusammensetzung zusätzlich bis zu 3 Gew.-% übliche Verarbeitungshilfen aus der Gruppe der Rieselhilfen, Preßhilfsmittel und/oder Gleitmittel enthält.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, bestehend aus 30 bis 45 Gew.-% Cyanursäure, 0 bis 5 Gew.-% Guanidinnitrat, 10 bis 35 Gew.-% Natriumnitrat oder Kaliumnitrat, 20 bis 50 Gew.-% Ammoniumperchlorat, 0 bis 2 Gew.-% CuO und 0 bis 2 Gew.-% Fe2O3, sowie 0 bis 3 Gew.-% Verarbeitungshilfen und unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, bestehend aus 30 bis 45 Gew.-% Cyanursäure, 0 bis 5 Gew.-% Guanidinnitrat, 10 bis 35 Gew.-% Strontiumnitrat, 20 bis 50 Gew.-% Ammoniumperchlorat, 0 bis 2 Gew.-% CuO und 0 bis 2 Gew.-% Fe2O3, sowie 0 bis 3 Gew.-% Verarbeitungshilfen und unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29821544U DE29821544U1 (de) | 1998-12-02 | 1998-12-02 | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung |
| DE29821544U | 1998-12-02 | ||
| PCT/EP1999/009382 WO2000032541A1 (de) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-12-01 | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende zusammensetzung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1051373A1 EP1051373A1 (de) | 2000-11-15 |
| EP1051373B1 true EP1051373B1 (de) | 2004-05-26 |
Family
ID=8066130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99961043A Expired - Lifetime EP1051373B1 (de) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-12-01 | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende zusammensetzung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1051373B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE29821544U1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000032541A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5985060A (en) * | 1998-07-25 | 1999-11-16 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Gas generant compositions containing guanidines |
| WO2001019760A2 (de) * | 1999-09-13 | 2001-03-22 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh | Gaserzeugende mischungen |
| FR2959508B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-29 | 2015-01-02 | Snpe Materiaux Energetiques | Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1006096A1 (de) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-07 | TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung |
| EP1037806A1 (de) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-09-27 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Verfahren zur markierung von kontaktgläserverpackungen |
| EP1061057A1 (de) * | 1998-02-25 | 2000-12-20 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung |
| EP1093422A2 (de) * | 1998-06-10 | 2001-04-25 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung die ein treibstoff mit hohem sauerstoffgehalt enthält |
| EP1114010A1 (de) * | 1998-07-25 | 2001-07-11 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Guanidine enthaldende, gaserzeugende zusammensetzungen |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4909549A (en) * | 1988-12-02 | 1990-03-20 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Composition and process for inflating a safety crash bag |
| NO175382C (no) | 1991-10-07 | 1994-10-05 | Kvaerner Eureka As | Sikkerhetsanordning for et mulig inntrekksområde mellom en valse og en om valsen lagt bane |
| US5386775A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-02-07 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Azide-free gas generant compositions and processes |
| DE4411654C2 (de) | 1993-10-20 | 1996-04-04 | Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh | Gaserzeugendes Gemisch |
| US5566543A (en) * | 1993-11-17 | 1996-10-22 | Morton International, Inc. | PVC-based gas generant for hybrid gas generators |
| DE4401214C1 (de) | 1994-01-18 | 1995-03-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
| DE4401213C1 (de) | 1994-01-18 | 1995-03-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
| DE19505568A1 (de) | 1995-02-18 | 1996-08-22 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gaserzeugende Mischungen |
| US5780768A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1998-07-14 | Talley Defense Systems, Inc. | Gas generating compositions |
| US5817972A (en) | 1995-11-13 | 1998-10-06 | Trw Inc. | Iron oxide as a coolant and residue former in an organic propellant |
| US6024812A (en) | 1996-07-20 | 2000-02-15 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff-Und Systemtechnik | Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced vapors |
| US6306232B1 (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 2001-10-23 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Thermally stable nonazide automotive airbag propellants |
| DE19643468A1 (de) | 1996-10-22 | 1998-04-23 | Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh | Gaserzeugendes, azidfreies Feststoffgemisch |
| US5861571A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1999-01-19 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gas-generative composition consisting essentially of ammonium perchlorate plus a chlorine scavenger and an organic fuel |
| DE19742203A1 (de) | 1997-09-24 | 1999-03-25 | Trw Airbag Sys Gmbh | Partikelfreies gaserzeugendes Gemisch |
| FR2772370B1 (fr) * | 1997-12-12 | 2000-01-07 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Compositions pyrotechniques generatrices de gaz non toxiques a base de perchlorate d'ammonium |
-
1998
- 1998-12-02 DE DE29821544U patent/DE29821544U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-12-01 EP EP99961043A patent/EP1051373B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-01 WO PCT/EP1999/009382 patent/WO2000032541A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-01 DE DE59909590T patent/DE59909590D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1037806A1 (de) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-09-27 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Verfahren zur markierung von kontaktgläserverpackungen |
| EP1061057A1 (de) * | 1998-02-25 | 2000-12-20 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung |
| EP1093422A2 (de) * | 1998-06-10 | 2001-04-25 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung die ein treibstoff mit hohem sauerstoffgehalt enthält |
| EP1114010A1 (de) * | 1998-07-25 | 2001-07-11 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Guanidine enthaldende, gaserzeugende zusammensetzungen |
| EP1006096A1 (de) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-07 | TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59909590D1 (de) | 2004-07-01 |
| WO2000032541A1 (de) | 2000-06-08 |
| DE29821544U1 (de) | 1999-02-18 |
| EP1051373A1 (de) | 2000-11-15 |
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