EP1046867B1 - Wärmeübertragung auf ein Fluid in einem Mikrostrukturkörper - Google Patents
Wärmeübertragung auf ein Fluid in einem Mikrostrukturkörper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1046867B1 EP1046867B1 EP00107948A EP00107948A EP1046867B1 EP 1046867 B1 EP1046867 B1 EP 1046867B1 EP 00107948 A EP00107948 A EP 00107948A EP 00107948 A EP00107948 A EP 00107948A EP 1046867 B1 EP1046867 B1 EP 1046867B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- heated
- microstructure body
- heat
- microchannels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2260/00—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures
- F28F2260/02—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures having microchannels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for heat transfer to a fluid in a microstructured body with a variety of micro channels for the supply and the supply of Fluids and one, the heat energy transferred to the fluid Energy carrier and a microstructure body for exercise of the procedure.
- From US 5,690,763 is a method for heat transfer to a fluid in a microstructure body having a plurality microchannels for the supply and delivery of the fluid, and a thermal energy transferring to the fluid Energy carrier known, wherein a part of the microstructure body by direct or indirect ohmic electrical heating heated and the resulting heat by heat conduction within the microstructure body to be heated Fluid is transferred.
- a layer by layer constructed microstructure body with an electric Radiator disclosed within the microstructure body electrical energy is converted directly into heat and then transferred by thermal power to the fluid to be heated.
- fluids with small heating rates, short Dwell times and precise temperature control at the same time heated to technically relevant throughputs can.
- Under fluids are both gases and liquids to understand.
- the temperature difference between the medium to be heated and the surface from which the Power is transferred to the fluid intended for certain Applications can be kept small.
- the invention proposes the features before, which stated in the characterizing part of claim 1 are. Further advantageous features are the solution in the characterizing parts of the subclaims.
- Microstructured bodies of the stated type are generally characterized in that either the characteristic hydraulic channel diameters d i or the channel dimensions a i , where a i is the largest dimension of a microchannel perpendicular to the fluid passage i, all microchannels of at least one fluid passage i smaller than 1000 microns.
- the smallest wall thickness b i that is, the smallest distance between individual fluid passages is also less than 1000 microns, preferably less than 200 microns to choose.
- the significant increase in the heat transfer performance in such microstructured bodies is based on the fact that the transport paths for heat flows to be transmitted are very short due to the small hydraulic channel diameter d i , but especially due to the small channel dimensions a i .
- the specific heat transfer area can reach values greater than 100 cm 2 / cm 3 . This results in an overall increase in the volume-specific heat transfer performance by at least a factor of 100 over conventional heat exchangers.
- microstructured bodies for heat transfer From experimental data obtained from microstructured bodies for heat transfer, heating rates of up to 10000 K per second can be achieved at residence times down to a few milliseconds. Therefore, a fluid flow of 400 kg / h in a microstructure body of 1 cm 3 active volume at 6 bar inlet and 1 bar outlet pressure in 3 milliseconds can be heated by 30 ° K. For larger microstructure bodies with 27 cm 3 active volume, a throughput of approximately 4000 kg / h results.
- the active volume of a microstructure body is to be understood as meaning the volume in the interior in which the microchannels run, the volume of cover and side plates and that of the connections not being included.
- the fluid to be heated is through at least one level or layer of a microstructure body with a multitude of adjacent microchannels or micro-breakthroughs whose transverse dimensions as already mentioned, less than 1000 ⁇ m are preferred less than 500 microns, being immediately adjacent to this fluid-carrying level at least one layer with at least an electrically heated heating element is arranged, which electrically insulated from the material of the fluid plane is.
- a microstructure body with a multitude of adjacent microchannels or micro-breakthroughs whose transverse dimensions as already mentioned, less than 1000 ⁇ m are preferred less than 500 microns, being immediately adjacent to this fluid-carrying level at least one layer with at least an electrically heated heating element is arranged, which electrically insulated from the material of the fluid plane is.
- For larger throughputs are many levels or Layers with micro-breakthroughs for the fluids alternately with layers of electrically heated heating elements to one compact unit arranged as in the later described Figures 1 and 2 shown in principle.
- the heating elements may vary depending on the application Current flow in series or in parallel or in combination switched off.
- To produce an imprinted Temperature profiles in the flow direction of the heated Fluids can be several in the heating layers Heating elements, seen in the flow direction, one behind the other be arranged, the different electrical Deliver services. This allows the fluid-carrying microstructures, - again seen in the flow direction - on different temperatures are heated. Thereby may be a temperature profile in the microstructure body for Exercise a method in the flowing fluid generated become. This can be important if z. In the microstructure body a chemical, endothermic process is performed, wherein the temperature in the flow direction first kept constant and then increased specifically got to.
- FIG. 1 shows such a microstructure body 1 shown schematically, installed in the eleven foil double pieces are, each welded together and on top of each other stacked eleven rows of microchannels 2 result.
- each The film double pieces contains a multiplicity of microchannels with 150 ⁇ m width and height and a length of 22 mm. Its hydraulic diameter is 133 ⁇ m.
- the eleven welded together Foil duplicates are each at their Edges on top of each other with ten spacers 3 to one Block welded so that flat by the spacers 3 Cavities 4 are formed between the foil double pieces, into which plate-shaped, ceramic electrical heating elements 5 are used.
- Microstructure body 1 is above and below with two end plates 7 complete with the structures of foil duplicates and the spacers 3 to a closed Block are diffusion welded.
- directly usable heating elements 5 are in addition to the already mentioned electrically conductive ceramic Materials with a relatively high specific resistance used.
- Tantalum, titanium, Tungsten, Konstantan and Fecralloy the latter being its surface a chromium oxide-aluminum oxide protective layer which forms a natural insulation.
- the heated layers or heating elements but also from another metal or a metal alloy with an oxide layer on the surface for insulation consist.
- FIG. 13 Another embodiment of a microstructure body is shown in FIG.
- resistance heating cartridges 9 are used for heating.
- Between two steel plates 10 as cover and bottom of the microstructure body are each several with microchannels 14 structured steel sheets 11 and spacers 12 stacked as heated layers in alternating order and diffusion welded together.
- In the microstructured films 11 are each a plurality of microchannels 14 for the fluid 7 with about the already introduced dimensions.
- the heating cartridges 9 are inserted into holes of the spacers 12. Of the Fluid connection to the microchannels 14 by means not illustrated standard fittings as connecting pieces serve.
- the overall performance of such a microstructure body 13 in the range of a few 100W up to several kW lie.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
Description
- di =
- hydraulischer Durchmesser der Kanäle der Fluidpassage i
- Ai =
- durchströmter Kanalquerschnitt der Fluidpassage i
- Ui =
- benetzter Kanalumfang der Fluidpassage i
- 1
- Mikrostrukturkörper
- 2
- Mikrokanäle
- 3
- Abstandsstücke
- 4
- Hohlräume
- 5
- Heizelemente
- 6
- Adapterstücke
- 7
- Fluid
- 8
- Endplatten
- 9
- Heizpatronen
- 10
- Stahlplatten
- 11
- Folien
- 12
- Abstandsstücke als beheizte Schichten
- 13
- Mikrostrukturkörper
- 14
- Mikrokanäle
Claims (3)
- Verfahren zur Wärmeübertragung auf ein Fluid in einem Mikrostrukturkörper mit einer Vielzahl von Mikrokanälen für die Ab- und Zufuhr des Fluids, sowie einem die Wärmeenergie auf das Fluid übertragenden Energieträger, wobei ein Teil des Mikrostrukturkörpers durch direkte oder indirekte ohmsche elektrisch Erwärmung aufgeheizt und die entstandene Wärme durch Wärmeleitung innerhalb des Mikrostrukturkörpers auf das zu erwärmende Fluid übertragen wird
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zur Erzeugung eines aufgeprägten Temperaturprofiles in Strömungsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Fluides mit unterschiedlicher elektrischer Leistung geheizt wird und damit unterschiedliche Wärmemengen übertragen werden. - Mikrostrukturkörper zur Ausübung eines Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 mit einem primären Energieträger und einem sekundären Fluid als Medium zur Abfuhr der im Mikrowärmetauscher freigesetzten Wärme, wobeia) der Energieträger elektrischer Strom ist, der innerhalb des Mikrostrukturkörpers (1, 13) direkt in Wärme umgewandelt und dann durch Wärmeleitung auf das zu erwärmende Fluid (7) übertragen wird sowieb) der Mikrostrukturkörper schichtweise aufgebaut ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassc) zwischen mindestens jeweils einer, Mikrokanäle für das Fluid aufweisenden Schicht (11) mindestens eine elektrisch direkt oder indirekt beheizte Schicht (12 und 4, 5) angeordnet ist sowied) in Strömungsrichtung des zu erwärmenden Fluides gesehen, beheizte Schichten (12) oder Heizelemente (5, 9) mit unterschiedlichen elektrischen Leistungen angeordnet sind. - Mikrostrukturkörper nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beheizten Schichten (12) oder Heizelemente (5, 9)aus Fecralloy oder einem anderen Metall bzw. einer Metalllegierung mit einer Oxydschicht auf der Oberfläche zur Isolierung bestehen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19917521A DE19917521B4 (de) | 1999-04-17 | 1999-04-17 | Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Fluids |
DE19917521 | 1999-04-17 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1046867A2 EP1046867A2 (de) | 2000-10-25 |
EP1046867A3 EP1046867A3 (de) | 2002-10-23 |
EP1046867B1 true EP1046867B1 (de) | 2004-04-07 |
Family
ID=7905003
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00107948A Expired - Lifetime EP1046867B1 (de) | 1999-04-17 | 2000-04-14 | Wärmeübertragung auf ein Fluid in einem Mikrostrukturkörper |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1046867B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE263949T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19917521B4 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024036206A1 (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | Cargill, Incorporated | Polycondensation of sugars in the presence of water using a microreactor |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10234043A1 (de) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-02-05 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Mikrostrukturapparat zum Erhitzen eines Fluids |
DE102005003964B4 (de) * | 2005-01-27 | 2011-07-21 | Ehrfeld Mikrotechnik BTS GmbH, 55234 | Kontinuierlich durchströmter Wärmeübertrager für fluide Medien |
DE102005008271A1 (de) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-24 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mikrowärmeübertrager |
DE102005025248B4 (de) * | 2005-06-02 | 2009-07-30 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Fluidführungssystem |
ITPN20080018A1 (it) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-01 | Xchange S R L | "scambiatore di calore con testate componibili" |
WO2011091962A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-04 | Cargill, Incorporated | Microprocessing for preparing a polycondensate |
EP2433970A1 (de) | 2010-09-28 | 2012-03-28 | Cargill, Incorporated | Mikroprozesstechnik zur Herstellung eines Polykondensats |
WO2021195534A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Cargill, Incorporated | Microprocessing for preparing modified protein |
WO2023159171A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-24 | Cargill, Incorporated | Resistant dextrins and methods of making resistant dextrins |
WO2023159172A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-24 | Cargill, Incorporated | Resistant dextrins and methods of making resistant dextrins |
WO2023159175A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-24 | Cargill, Incorporated | Resistant dextrins and methods of making resistant dextrins |
WO2023159173A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-24 | Cargill, Incorporated | Resistant dextrins and methods of making resistant dextrins |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3406238A1 (de) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-08-22 | Eltra GmbH & Co KG, Leicht & Trambauer, 6102 Pfungstadt | Elektrische heizpatrone |
GB2195249A (en) * | 1986-09-25 | 1988-04-07 | Wilson Richard | Apparatus for the heating of fluids |
FR2661488A1 (fr) * | 1990-04-25 | 1991-10-31 | Vulcanic Sa | Echangeur de chaleur tridimensionnel a alimentation electrique. |
WO1994021372A1 (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-09-29 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Integrated chemical processing apparatus and processes for the preparation thereof |
DE19608824A1 (de) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-09-18 | Inst Mikrotechnik Mainz Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mikrowärmetauschern |
-
1999
- 1999-04-17 DE DE19917521A patent/DE19917521B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-04-14 EP EP00107948A patent/EP1046867B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-14 AT AT00107948T patent/ATE263949T1/de active
- 2000-04-14 DE DE50005953T patent/DE50005953D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024036206A1 (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | Cargill, Incorporated | Polycondensation of sugars in the presence of water using a microreactor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19917521A1 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
DE50005953D1 (de) | 2004-05-13 |
DE19917521B4 (de) | 2004-10-21 |
EP1046867A3 (de) | 2002-10-23 |
EP1046867A2 (de) | 2000-10-25 |
ATE263949T1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
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