EP1046517A1 - Machine de reproduction d'écriture - Google Patents
Machine de reproduction d'écriture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1046517A1 EP1046517A1 EP00401094A EP00401094A EP1046517A1 EP 1046517 A1 EP1046517 A1 EP 1046517A1 EP 00401094 A EP00401094 A EP 00401094A EP 00401094 A EP00401094 A EP 00401094A EP 1046517 A1 EP1046517 A1 EP 1046517A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- machine according
- pantograph
- reproduction machine
- memory
- lever
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43L—ARTICLES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING UPON; WRITING OR DRAWING AIDS; ACCESSORIES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43L13/00—Drawing instruments, or writing or drawing appliances or accessories not otherwise provided for
- B43L13/10—Pantographic instruments for copying, enlarging, or diminishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/485—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by the process of building-up characters or image elements applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking processes
- B41J2/49—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by the process of building-up characters or image elements applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking processes by writing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a writing reproduction machine intended to bring a special personalization to automated mail by ensuring reproduction with an ink pen designer, for example, of signatures, initials, even polite expressions.
- the invention relates more particularly to a reproduction machine of pantograph writing and aims at improving the control system of this pantograph.
- pantograph writing reproduction machines There are several known pantograph writing reproduction machines. Such a system is generally considered preferable, for this use, to that of a plotter operating in X-Y, relatively slow when it comes to reproduce irregular curves such as those encountered in handwriting and / or signature.
- the French patent No. 78.08626 describes a pantograph with two branches, each comprising two articulated end-to-end and joined by a joint in the vicinity to which is attached the tracer element which can be constituted by a simple ink pen.
- the mechanism is provided with feelers arranged to follow the edges of an endless flexible ribbon which constitutes a sort of cam command for execution of signatures. Scrolling the tape conditions the movement of each probe and consequently of each branch of the pantograph.
- the endless ribbon is replaced by a circular wooden tray with an ornate outline to control the movements of the two branches of the pantograph and therefore the path of the tracer element.
- the ribbon or the circular tray or more generally the element constituting the control cam is representative of a signature given.
- the development of such an element requires complicated operations and expensive.
- the invention makes it possible to solve all these problems by proposing a motorization of the pantograph.
- the invention relates to a reproduction machine of writing, in particular of signature, of the type comprising a pantograph bearing a tracer element such as a stylographer or the like, characterized in that two branches of said pantograph are respectively provided with axes of maneuver coupled to respective rotary drive means, electrically controlled and in that it further comprises means for control of said drive means, capable of delivering information electrics representative of a predetermined handwritten plot.
- the pantograph can have two branches with two articulated elements joined by a joint in the vicinity of which is attached said tracer element.
- the two ends of these two branches are respectively provided with the aforementioned operating axes, driven by two electric motors.
- stepper motors are used ordered in open loop.
- motors can also be used. direct current controlled in position by optical encoder or the like or contactless motors slaved in the same way.
- each motor is coupled to an operating axis correspondent of the pantograph by a reducing mechanism.
- This mechanism reducer can for example consist of a worm screw fixed to the shaft of the motor and a pinion or toothed sector secured to the operating axis.
- Other reducers can be used, for example with toothed belts or gears, this list not being exhaustive.
- Eliminate reducers using high torque motors, in gear direct on each operating axis.
- the control means advantageously include a memory in which is stored representative information of trips synchronized between the two motors. It is the reading and decoding of information registered in this memory, in a predetermined order and at the rate of a clock, which controls the movement of the two motors and therefore the movement of the stylographer carried by the end of the pantograph.
- Memory therefore advantageously replaces the cam system previously used.
- the memory can be a preprogrammed read only memory and contain information to reconstruct, for example, both a signature and an appropriate support formula.
- Packaging in form a read-only memory is advantageous since it can easily be integrated into a removable module that can be replaced by another similar module containing information representative of another route predetermined, namely another signature and / or another formula.
- Memory also contains information to control the lifting of the pantograph so that the pen is not always in contact with the sheet of paper, if necessary for the desired reproduction.
- the pantograph has a lifting lever made up of several articulated elements, the lever being controlled by an electric actuator such as a motor or a electromagnet associated with a cam.
- the cam operates the lever, which is attached to the two aforementioned branches of the pantograph, preferably at the point of articulation of these two branches.
- the writing machine 11 illustrated in the drawings comprises a pantograph 13 carrying a tracer element 14 in this case a stylographer.
- This pantograph evolves over a flat surface 15 on which one can put a sheet of paper 16.
- Processing mechanisms of known sheets can be adapted to successively present the documents to initial on this surface. These mechanisms are not part of the invention and will therefore not be described in detail.
- the pantograph shown here is a pantograph with two branches 19a, 19b, further provided with a lifting lever 22.
- Each branch has two rectilinear elements articulated end-to-end.
- the branch 19a comprises a first element 23a connected by a hinge 24a to a second element 25a which carries at its other end a support 29 capable of receiving the stylographer 14.
- the other branch has a first element 23b similar to that (23a) of branch 19a and a second element 25b connected to the first element 23b, by a hinge 24b.
- the other end of the second element 25b is connected to the second element 25a of the branch 19a by a hinge 28 located near the stylograph support 29.
- each branch is further provided with an axis of operation 30a, 30b, more particularly an axis extending perpendicular to the corresponding branch and secured to the end of the first element 23a or 23b opposite the articulation 24a or 24b.
- axes of maneuver are respectively coupled to drive means in separate rotation 32a, 32b, electrically controlled.
- the machine is supplemented by control means 33 of these drive means, suitable to deliver electrical information representative of a handwritten trace predetermined.
- the drive means include two electric motors 34a, 34b respectively mechanically coupled to the two maneuvering axes 30a, 30b mentioned above via, in the example described, a corresponding reduction mechanism 35a, 35b.
- a reducing mechanism here comprises a worm screw 36 fixed to the end of the motor shaft and a toothed sector 37, forming a pinion, integral with the operating axis.
- the axis of rotation of the toothed sector coincides with the axis above-mentioned maneuver.
- the two motors are here advantageously motors step-by-step which have the advantage of being able to be ordered in a loop open in one direction or the other with great precision in position and displacement.
- a tension spring 39 is pre-stressed between the elements 23a, 23b, for catching up.
- the lifting lever 22 comprises several rectilinear elements articulated end-to-end.
- the element 40 is mounted on a pivot 41 so as to be able tilt in a plane perpendicular to the flat surface 15 on which we place the piece of paper.
- One of its ends is in contact with a cam 42 driven by a motor 43. This one turns half a turn each time it receives a control pulse, which has the effect of placing the cam in two possible positions and therefore to tilt the element 40 towards either of two possible positions.
- the other end of this element is connected by a hinge 44 to a second rectilinear element 45, itself connected by a hinge 46 to a third rectilinear element 47.
- the end opposite of the latter is attached to the two branches 19a, 19b of the pantograph at the junction point of the two elements 25a, 25b located near the support 29 for stylographer.
- the purpose of this arrangement is to support the branches of the pantograph and therefore the stylographer by holding the latter at a certain height above the flat surface in case of non-writing and in letting it rest on it, and therefore on the paper surface in case writing.
- Joints 44 and 46 have perpendicular pins to elements 40, 45 and 47 constituting the lifting lever 22.
- Figures 2 to 4 show better the structure of the branches, the articulations between their elements, their attachment and their junction with the lifting lever 22.
- the articulation 24a which connects the elements 23a and 25a is a ball joint.
- the ball 50a is retained in a hole through element 25a and is partially engaged in a smaller hole of element 23a by being urged to bear on the perimeter of this hole by a leaf spring 52a fixed to a small column integral with the element 23a.
- the spring itself has a hole in which the ball 52a is partially engaged.
- the assembly is the same for the articulation 24b which connects the elements 23b and 25b.
- the spring has a hole in which the ball is partially engaged.
- the elements 25a and 25b meet at the joint 28 consisting of two tubular sliding rings 54, 55, shouldered, coaxial.
- the rings are of different diameters and engaged one inside the other.
- the ring 55 of larger diameter is mounted in a hole in the element 25a while the ring 54 of smaller diameter is mounted in a hole in element 25b.
- the two rings are assembled by a screw 56 axially passing through the ring 54 and protruding upward.
- a nut 57 and a washer 58 hold the two rings one inside the other around the screw.
- a leaf spring 60 is mounted between a support 62 and the articulation 28.
- the support 62 is itself installed on the element 23a by means of a small ball bearing 64.
- the spring ends, on the side of the joint 28, with a fork which bears on washer 58.
- the force that the spring is likely to exert on the joint 28 is adjusted by an operating button screw 66 mounted on the support 62 and of which the end bears on the spring.
- the upper part of the mounting screw 56 is surrounded by a sleeve 68 of electrically insulating material.
- This sleeve is topped with a nut metal 70 (screwed onto screw 56) forming an electrical contact stop at adjustable positioning.
- the end of element 47 of the lifting lever has a hole through which it is attached to joint 28. More particularly, the screw 56 and the sleeve 68 pass through the hole; a ring game sufficient is provided to allow the lever to occupy two possible positions compared to the pantograph.
- the elements of the lever and those of the pantograph are electrically conductive material (typically metallic) with the exception of sleeve 68.
- the pantograph is electrically isolated from the rest of the machine so that electrical contact between said lever and said pantograph is or is not established according to the position of the lever 22.
- the stylographer (not shown) is assumed to be in contact with the sheet of paper while the element 47 occupies an intermediate position along the sleeve insulating. No electrical contact is made between the lever and the pantograph.
- Figure 4 when the lever 22 is in the high position to raise the pen of the stylographer, an electrical contact is established between element 47 and the nut 70. Such an electrical contact is therefore representative of a feather lift and exploited as such.
- the end of element 47 has no other influence on the pantograph than lifting the stylographer in certain circumstances.
- the pantograph places the stylograph in a predetermined position facing the flat surface and the lifting lever keeps the stylographer above this flat surface, without contact with the paper.
- a reset procedure is implemented work to reposition the pantograph in this predetermined position after lifting the stylographer 14.
- a program of displacement of the motors is implemented until an optical stop or mechanical is reached, indicating that the pantograph is in position for write again.
- control means 33 include a memory M in which information representative of synchronized movements of the two motors 34a, 34b and also of the information representative of the actuation of the motor 43.
- this memory M is a read only memory preprogrammed. It is here part of a removable module 75 capable of being connected to the other circuits of the control means 33, via a connector 76 suitable.
- a given module 75 containing information representative of a particular signature, possibly accompanied by a suitable handwritten message can be quickly and at any moment replaced by another similar module containing information representative of another predetermined route consisting for example of another signature and / or other suitable handwritten formula.
- the control means 33 comprise, in connection with this memory M, reading and decoding means symbolized here by a processor 78 associated with its program memory Mp, to read and decode information entered in read-only memory, in a predetermined order and at the rate of a clock H.
- the processor is arranged to deliver three control signals, respectively applied to the inputs of three amplifiers 80, 81, 82 whose outputs are respectively connected to motors 34a, 34b and 43.
- the signals delivered by the processor to the different amplifiers are simple impulses, positive or negative, appearing at predetermined times, relative to each other, as the memory is read dead M to the rhythm of the clock. These impulses translate into the displacement of the end of the pantograph carrying the stylograph to reproduce the desired formula and / or signature.
- the motor 43 is controlled and the pen is lifted at the same time as the contact electric is established between the element 47 and the nut 70.
- This contact information is taken into account and "monitored” by the processor while the pantograph moves stylograph to new recovery position writing. This position is for example read in the memory M.
- the motor 43 is again commanded to lower the lever but the processor does not start reading the information contained in the memory M at the rhythm clock H that when the electrical contact disappears, indicating that the pen is actually in contact with the paper.
- Optical sensors 81, 82, 83 respectively opposite parts detectable sectors 37 and lever 40 allow to account for effective positions of the pantograph branches and the lever.
- a system using a scanner can be used to digitize the writing and position it in a corresponding space to the actual dimensions of the pantograph.
- the writing is analyzed point by point and transformed into digital data which is memorized then transferred from the same way to an exploitable read-only memory. If the ROM is not removable, a reprogrammable read-only memory can be used.
- the machine can be simplified.
- the lifting lever can be removed if care is taken that the entire chassis is mounted with the possibility of tilting around an axis passing substantially through the center of gravity of the device. In these conditions, it is the entire device that pivots to raise or lower the stylographer when you want to write.
- the lever can be removed if the support 29 is transformed to that it includes means making it possible to raise or lower the stylographer compared to the two branches of the pantograph.
- a sliding device or “elevator” is mounted at the end of the pantograph and powered by a motor small size electric vehicle with appropriate gear reduction to ensure up or down movement of the stylographer.
- a long arm mounted in pendulum can be pressed on the underside of elements 25a, 25b of the pantograph, the arm being provided at its end with a rigid perpendicular rod long enough to cover the average displacement value of a pantograph.
- a motor electric fitted with a cam, a screw or any other system which transforms a rotary movement in rectilinear movement.
Landscapes
- Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue générale de la machine dans laquelle les éléments mécaniques de celle-ci sont représentés vus de dessus, les composants électroniques étant représentés sous forme d'un schéma bloc ;
- la figure 2 est une coupe II-II de la figure 1, le pantographe en position de fonctionnement ;
- la figure 3 est une coupe III-III de la figure 1, et
- la figure 4 est une coupe IV-IV de la figure 1, le stylographe étant relevé.
Claims (16)
- Machine de reproduction d'écriture, notamment de signature, du type comportant un pantographe (13) portant un élément traceur tel qu'un stylographe ou analogue, caractérisée en ce que deux branches dudit pantographe sont respectivement munies d'axes de manoeuvre (30a, 30b) couplés à des moyens d'entraínement en rotation respectifs (32a, 32b), commandés électriquement et en ce qu'elle comporte en outre des moyens de pilotage (33) desdits moyens d'entraínement, aptes à délivrer des informations électriques représentatives d'un tracé manuscrit prédéterminé.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit pantographe comporte deux branches (19a, 19b) à deux éléments articulés se rejoignant par une articulation (28) au voisinage de laquelle se trouve rattaché ledit élément traceur et en ce que deux extrémités de ces deux branches sont respectivement pourvues desdits axes de manoeuvre.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens d'entraínement comportent deux moteurs électriques (34a, 34b) respectivement mécaniquement couplés aux deux axes de manoeuvre (30a, 30b) précités.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les moteurs (34a, 34b) sont des moteurs pas-à-pas.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que chaque moteur est couplé à un axe de manoeuvre par un mécanisme réducteur (35a, 35b).
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'un tel mécanisme réducteur comprend une vis sans fin (36) fixée à l'arbre du moteur et un pignon ou secteur denté (37) couplé à l'axe de manoeuvre.
- Machine de reproduction selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de pilotage comportent une mémoire (M) dans laquelle sont enregistrées des informations représentatives de déplacements synchronisés des deux moteurs.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 7; caractérisée en ce que ladite mémoire (M) est une mémoire morte préprogrammée.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que ladite mémoire morte fait partie d'un module amovible (75), susceptible d'être remplacé par un autre module semblable renfermant des informations représentatives d'un autre tracé prédéterminé.
- Machine de reproduction selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de pilotage comportent des moyens de lecture et de décodage (78, Mp) des informations inscrites dans ladite mémoire (M), dans un ordre prédéterminé et au rythme d'une horloge (H).
- Machine de reproduction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit pantographe comporte un levier de soulèvement (22) constitué de plusieurs éléments (40, 45, 47) articulés, ledit levier étant commandé par un actionneur électrique tel qu'un moteur (43) ou un électro-aimant et en ce qu'une extrémité de ce levier est rattachée aux deux branches précitées.
- Machine de reproduction selon l'ensemble des revendications 2 et 11, caractérisée en ce que ledit levier est rattaché au point d'articulation (28) des deux branches.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 11 ou 12 et la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que ladite mémoire (M) contient aussi des informations représentatives de l'état dudit levier de soulèvement (22).
- Machine de reproduction selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisée en ce que ledit levier de soulèvement (22) et ledit pantographe (13) sont agencés pour établir entre eux un contact électrique représentatif d'une levée de plume et exploité comme tel.
- Machine de reproduction selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité du levier rattachée au pantographe est engagée sur un manchon en matériau isolant et coopère avec une butée de contact électrique (70) portée par le pantographe et en ce qu'au moins un élément de celui-ci est sollicité vers une surface plane (15) sur laquelle on peut poser une feuille de papier.
- Machine de reproduction selon l'une des revendications 2 à 15, caractérisée en ce que chaque branche (19a, 19b) du pantographe comporte deux éléments (23a-25a, 23b-25b) reliés entre eux par une articulation à bille (24a, 24b).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9905183 | 1999-04-23 | ||
FR9905183A FR2792574B1 (fr) | 1999-04-23 | 1999-04-23 | Machine de reproduction d'ecriture |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1046517A1 true EP1046517A1 (fr) | 2000-10-25 |
EP1046517B1 EP1046517B1 (fr) | 2003-09-17 |
Family
ID=9544798
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00401094A Expired - Lifetime EP1046517B1 (fr) | 1999-04-23 | 2000-04-19 | Machine de reproduction d'écriture |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6425185B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1046517B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE249939T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60005240T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2792574B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2951003A1 (fr) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-08 | Neopost Technologies | Systeme d'envoi d'articles de courrier a signature manuscrite |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6736180B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-05-18 | The Boeing Company | Method and apparatus for automated location marking |
US6907131B2 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2005-06-14 | Signarom, Inc. | Method and program for producing photographs with autographed messages written in customized character fonts |
US7697713B1 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2010-04-13 | Smart & Associates, Inc. | Method and program for producing photographs with autographed messages written in customized character fonts and method for distributing, transmitting and producing a digital photograph of a celebrity figure with personalized and autographed messages |
US20040054694A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-18 | Piccionelli Gregory A. | Remote personalization method |
WO2008034257A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Agop Jean Georges Apkarian | Appareil, système et programme informatique permettant de commander un outil |
DE102007022968B3 (de) * | 2007-05-16 | 2009-01-29 | Iprm Intellectual Property Rights Management Ag | Beschriftungsvorrichtung |
CA2771455C (fr) * | 2009-08-17 | 2020-03-10 | Thomas Matthew Mann Gibson | Procede, systeme, et logiciel pour generer des documents authentifies |
EP2813374A1 (fr) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-17 | Robert Levy | Instrument de mesure et/ou de tracé et/ou de visée |
EP2923746B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-26 | 2019-01-09 | Montres Jaquet Droz SA | Automate capable d'écrire une signature |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2332511A (en) * | 1940-10-05 | 1943-10-26 | Edward Costigan | Signature writing apparatus |
US2881521A (en) * | 1955-11-22 | 1959-04-14 | Jr Charles Pearson | Electrically operated engraving unit |
FR2420437A1 (fr) * | 1978-03-24 | 1979-10-19 | Regnault Jacques | Machine de reproduction automatique de signatures |
GB2094998A (en) * | 1981-03-11 | 1982-09-22 | Centronics Data Computer | Character drawing apparatus |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4306464A (en) * | 1977-11-08 | 1981-12-22 | Robotics, Inc. | Multi-directional mechanical positioning apparatus |
FR2633748B1 (fr) * | 1988-06-30 | 1992-03-06 | Schlumberger Ind Sa | Procede et dispositif d'identification d'outil d'ecriture |
SE462587B (sv) * | 1988-11-30 | 1990-07-23 | Wiklund Henry & Co | Anordning vid maerkning av arbetsstycken med skrift- eller andra tecken |
US5383277A (en) * | 1992-03-10 | 1995-01-24 | Max Co., Ltd. | Writing apparatus and method |
-
1999
- 1999-04-23 FR FR9905183A patent/FR2792574B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-04-19 EP EP00401094A patent/EP1046517B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-19 DE DE60005240T patent/DE60005240T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-19 AT AT00401094T patent/ATE249939T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-21 US US09/558,140 patent/US6425185B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2332511A (en) * | 1940-10-05 | 1943-10-26 | Edward Costigan | Signature writing apparatus |
US2881521A (en) * | 1955-11-22 | 1959-04-14 | Jr Charles Pearson | Electrically operated engraving unit |
FR2420437A1 (fr) * | 1978-03-24 | 1979-10-19 | Regnault Jacques | Machine de reproduction automatique de signatures |
GB2094998A (en) * | 1981-03-11 | 1982-09-22 | Centronics Data Computer | Character drawing apparatus |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2951003A1 (fr) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-08 | Neopost Technologies | Systeme d'envoi d'articles de courrier a signature manuscrite |
EP2309464A1 (fr) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-13 | Neopost Technologies | Système d'envoi d'articles de courrier à signature manuscrite |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1046517B1 (fr) | 2003-09-17 |
ATE249939T1 (de) | 2003-10-15 |
US6425185B1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
DE60005240D1 (de) | 2003-10-23 |
FR2792574B1 (fr) | 2001-07-27 |
DE60005240T2 (de) | 2004-07-01 |
FR2792574A1 (fr) | 2000-10-27 |
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