EP1045945A1

EP1045945A1 - Support element for attaching furring

Info

Publication number: EP1045945A1
Application number: EP98905219A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Peter Kellner; Frank Rimbach; Heribert Oberhaus
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-01-08
Filing date: 1998-01-08
Publication date: 2000-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2018-01-08
Also published as: DE59811519D1; WO1999035350A1; EP1045945B1; ATE268419T1

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a support element for attaching furring, which largely avoids thermal bridges and allows for simply, safe and economical assembly of the furring and the structures to be fixed to same in a variety of applications. To this end the invention provides for the support element to consist of a strip of insulating material (2) and a supporting strip (3) which is arranged above the strip of insulating material (2) and joined to same. The invention relates to a support element, especially for attaching furring for facade linings, roof elements, floors and such like, comprising a strip-shaped strip of insulating material.

Description

Carrier element for fastening substructures

The invention relates to a carrier element, in particular for fastening

Substructures for facade cladding, roof elements, floors and the like, with a strip-shaped strip of insulation. In addition to attaching substructures, the support element can also be used for the direct attachment of facade cladding and similar components.

Substructures are used to fasten facade cladding, roof structures and floors to buildings, with which the respective components are connected to the building parts. A variety of embodiments are known for this. The connection can be made with a layer of mortar or with the help of special substructures. In particular when attaching plate or panel-shaped facade elements to the outside of buildings, these substructures require complex designs. For this purpose, it is known to use metal or wooden frames with which the facade elements are held in the required position. Metal frameworks are often attached in the form of U-shaped rails are designed. These rails are mounted at a distance from the wall by means of metal brackets. Such arrangements are disadvantageous in that the metal brackets and rails form thermal bridges and require a high outlay on assembly. To avoid this disadvantage, wooden scaffolds are used in some cases

Although wooden scaffolds reduce heat losses, wooden scaffolds are unsuitable for many applications due to their low fire safety

According to DE 44 15 181 AI, a sub-roof for roofs covered with roofing panels is known, which is to ensure a cost-effective design without thermal bridging Type of strip for taking up the roof load introduced via a support arrangement

Dams layer lying roof parts is used and in relation to the other type of strip has a much higher compressive strength and is several times narrower compared to the other type of strip. The disadvantage here is that structures can be attached to this sub-roof only with difficulty. Fastenings are provided by inserting nails into the insulation strips. Due to the low strength of these strips, only wooden structures can be attached if the roof pitch is small

According to DE 195 33 381 Cl, a curtain-type, rear-ventilated outer wall cladding is known, in which a plurality of vertical support strips fastened to the building wall and arranged at a horizontal distance from one another are arranged, and a plurality of plate-like insulation elements, which are attached between the support strips and the building wall, and several support plates adjacent to the outer surfaces of the support strips are provided. The support strips are made of Mineral wool is manufactured and its inner surfaces glued to the building wall. A weather protection layer is arranged on the outside of the support strips

With these arrangements, it is disadvantageous that the attachment of the outer wall cladding requires complex assembly work processes, since the carrier strips are first fixed to the outer wall by gluing and then the dam plates are inserted and the carrier plates have to be fastened. To fasten the carrier plates, it is necessary to drill holes through them and the support strips to attach together, which proves to be very difficult because the support strips are covered by the support plates

The invention is based on the object of specifying a support element for fastening substructures in which thermal bridging is largely avoided and which enables simple, safe and inexpensive assembly of the substructure and the structures to be fastened to it for different applications

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the support element consists of the insulation strip and a support strip arranged above and connected to the insulation strip

Advantageous embodiments of the support element according to the invention are specified in subclaims 2 to 10

A preferred use of the support element according to the invention results from the fact that the support elements as fastening elements for a Substructure are used, wherein the support elements are vertically attached to a building wall, insulation is introduced in the spaces between the fasteners and plaster base panels are attached to the support strips so that the plaster base panels each collide with the support elements.

Further advantageous possible uses are specified in subclaims 12 to 14.

The invention is characterized by a number of advantages.

The carrier element according to the invention is suitable for a variety of applications. It can be used, for example, for exterior facades, for roof structures, for floors and the like for fastening different components. The element can be used on both flat and uneven subsurface structures. Depending on the requirements, the fastening can be done by gluing and / or dowels, whereby the use of dowels results in a favorable type of stressing of both the dowel and the insulating material.

During assembly, the carrier strip can be attached precisely and securely without the entire composite system having to be assembled. The mounting of mounting plates to be fastened thereon is also possible in a simple manner, since these plates can be butted against the previously fixed mounting strips, thus making precise and secure fastening possible. The attachment of the support element and the components to be attached to it can only be done by a craftsman working on the building. Additional trades or work by metal craftsmen are not required for assembly. The support element is also characterized by very good soundproofing properties

It can be used for fastening both rear-ventilated thermal insulation systems as well as for systems that are completely filled with dam material, without having to make any changes to the support element. In applications for fastening a ventilated facade system, it is only necessary that the spaces between the vertically attached support strips are filled with insulation boards, the fastening elements having a greater thickness than the thickness of the insulation boards filling the gaps

In a preferred application of fastening substructures to vertical or inclined parts of the building with the aid of dowels, the element according to the invention combines the thermal insulation function and the load transfer in one component, the load transfer being carried out in such a way that the insulation layer is subjected to pressure and the dowel is only subjected to tensile or shear forces The thermal bridges that appear on the outer facades with steel brackets, which cause about 30% of the heat losses in conventional systems, are avoided. Only the dowels can form a thermal bridges, which, however, can be neglected due to the small cross-sections

External facades can be attached in a simple manner by attaching a cover plate to the support strip. The cover plate serves here as a plaster support panel, to which a complete facade system with any elements can then be applied. It is also advantageous for such applications that no movement joints are required. there the Insulation strips ensure elastic fastening of the facade panels.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through the carrier element according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a carrier element with a dowel integrated in the carrier strip,

FIG. 3 the force relationships on the carrier element,

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 the application in a composite system,

FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a composite system on an outer wall with flat surfaces,

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment for a corner design,

FIG. 8 shows an exemplary embodiment for a facade design with an integrated translucent insulation layer,

FIG. 9 shows a detail of the arrangement shown in FIG. 8,

FIG. 10 shows an example of a facade construction with an integrated solar collector,

FIG. 11 shows a detail of the arrangement shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 shows a vertical section through the arrangement shown in FIGS. 10 and 11,

FIG. 13 the mounting of the support elements on a residential building,

FIG. 14 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 13 with inserted intermediate insulation,

Figure 15 shows the arrangement according to Figures 13 and 14 with assembled

Plaster base boards,

16 shows an embodiment according to FIGS. 13 to 15 with plaster applied,

FIG. 17 shows an embodiment according to FIG. 13 with cladding made of fiber cement facade panels on battens,

FIG. 18 shows two sectional representations and a top view through the support element, a sheet metal being arranged on the top side and being a visible component of the facade cladding,

FIG. 19 shows an embodiment variant in which the insulation strip is reinforced by a fabric made of glass fibers or steel,

FIG. 20 shows a sectional view through a carrier element in which an additional carrier strip is arranged on the underside,

FIG. 21 shows a plan view, two cross sections and a longitudinal section of the carrier element with carrier strips and arranged on both sides Connection of the carrier strips with insulation material and a framework-like latticework,

FIG. 22 shows a sectional view through the carrier element with carrier strips arranged on two sides, the element being able to be fastened only by means of anchoring the carrier strip on the wall, and

Figure 23 is a sectional view through a carrier element with a threaded sleeve integrated in the carrier strip.

Figure 1 explains the attachment of a support element to a building wall

1. The carrier element consists of the insulating strip 2 and the carrier strip 3 and is fastened to the wall 1 with the aid of the dowel 4. It is expedient to apply an adhesive layer 9 between the wall 1 and the insulating strip 2 and between the insulating strip 2 and the carrier strip 3. The carrier strip 3 is to increase the strength with a

Provide sheet 5. Fastening elements, preferably screws, can be introduced from the outside through the sheet 5, which find a secure hold in this sheet. Mineral fiber material is preferably used for the insulation strip 2, but hard foam or other insulation materials can also be used. Organic and / or inorganic material, for example plate material made of calcium silicate or of cement-bound material, is used for the carrier strip 3.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a dowel 4 and a composite fastening element 10 are integrated in the carrier strip 3. Figure 3 explains the force ratios for a load combination, which occurs due to the weight of the support system and the facade elements attached to it and due to hygrothermal effects. The figure shows the effects of force, with a particular advantage of the arrangement being that the insulation strip 2 does not have to absorb any tensile forces. The force component D acting on it is caused by the pressure force Z, which is transmitted from the dowel to the insulation strip, and by the dead weight Q. The components therefore absorb the loads for which they are particularly suitable.

FIGS. 4 to 7 show embodiments for complete facade systems. For this purpose, plaster base panels 6 are applied to the base strips. The attachment of the plaster base panels 6 to the carrier strip 3 is possible by means of an adhesive layer 9 and / or by means of screws 11, so that in simpler

Way a secure attachment can be guaranteed. Plaster 12 can be placed on the outside of the plaster base board 6. It is also possible to attach ceramic elements, glass cladding or metal facade panels as well as other standard facade panels.

It is also advantageous in this application that there is great freedom of color design. Dark coverings can also be applied because the thermal expansion is well controlled and therefore annoying translucent joints are avoided. Furthermore, due to the simple possibility of designing it as a rear-ventilated system, the substructure is also particularly suitable for attaching coverings with a high diffusion resistance.

In the example explained here, the spaces are filled with the aid of insulation panels 7 which are glued and / or dowelled to the outer wall. This embodiment allows in the simplest way, only through Selection of the thick insulation panels either to create ventilated systems or to fill in completely filled gaps. The gaps can be filled with insulation panels 7, as well as with roll material or by foaming in foamable materials. It is also possible to blow in or fill in debris-free materials

Dam material It is particularly advantageous that thick layers of the dam can be produced, which is not practical when using wood as a composite support

Another advantage is that elastic fastening of the facade panels is achieved, so that no movement joints are required

It is also advantageous that a sheet 5 can be attached to the carrier strip 3

In Figure 4, an embodiment is shown in which the sheet is attached to the inside of the carrier strip 3 and comprises the end face of the carrier strip 3

Figures 5 1 and 5 2 show an embodiment in which the sheet 5 is incorporated as an intermediate sheet 8 in the support strip 3. The sheet 5 increases the safety of screwing on the plaster support panels 6 because high forces can be absorbed thereby

In FIG. 5 2, alternative designs are shown. The intermediate plate 8 can be glued into a groove cut into the end face or can be completely integrated into the carrier strip 3. It is advantageous if the plate is perforated in the central area

The arrangement of the system on flat walls and in the corner region of two wall surfaces is explained in FIGS. 6 and 7 FIGS. 8 to 12 show application examples in which translucent thermal insulation has been integrated into a facade construction with the components according to the invention

In the arrangement shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a translucent insulating material 16 with black adhesive 17 is glued to the building wall 1 between two vertical support elements. As a result, the wall acts as an absorber and can store the radiated heat energy. In order to allow access to the solar energy, in the facade cladding incorporated a window To protect against excessive sunlight, a movable sun protection device 19 was installed between the glass pane 20 forming the window and the translucent insulation material 16. The glass pane 20 is fastened by means of a rubber seal 22 and a metal frame 21. The arrangement of a translucent thermal insulation is particularly suitable for Systems with ventilation are useful

FIGS. 10 to 12 explain a further embodiment, in which heat is obtained with solar collectors 23. For this purpose, a solar collector 23 is integrated into the facade on the outside, which is connected directly to one or more radiators 25, which are located inside the building wall 1 A water circulation is brought about by the warming which occurs as a result of the solar radiation. A valve 26 ensures that the circulation of the water only takes place in the desired direction. Furthermore, a pressure compensation vessel 27 is attached in the liquid circuit, with which the thermal expansion of the liquid is compensated

It is expedient to lay the connecting lines 24 guided in the windproof wall penetration 28 as far as possible inside, so that a heat-bridging effect of the liquid is minimized in cases in which there is no solar radiation. To increase the buoyancy of the heated liquid, it is expedient, two collectors To be arranged one above the other It is of course also possible to include the collectors in a conventional system for heat recovery

Figures 13 to 17 show the assembly process when attaching the facade

FIG. 13 shows a building wall 1 on which the support elements are laid in vertical strips and at a distance in the horizontal direction. The dam panels 7 can then be fastened between the support elements in accordance with FIG. 14. In FIG. 15 the facade view is shown with plaster support panels completely laid on the support elements 6 shown

FIG. 16 shows the finished facade view with applied plaster system. In contrast to FIG. 15, a strip with an integrated translucent dam layer 16 is shown in FIG. 16. In contrast to FIG. 15, however, an integrated strip of transparent facade cladding with a translucent dam material behind it is shown in FIG 8 illustrated FIG. 17 explains an example in which the support element according to the invention is used for fastening a substructure for facade panels made of fiber cement. On the support elements, sheet metal profiles or slats are fastened horizontally, to which the facade panels are attached

FIGS. 18 to 23 show further embodiments of the support elements according to the invention. FIG. 18 shows an element in which the support strip is clad on the top with the sheet 5. This sheet, made of stainless steel, galvanized and / or coated steel or of aluminum, can be used Include support strips on the end face. A protrusion of the sheet can also be provided. This makes it possible to cover facade panels with the Support elements to open joints open on the support elements. The support elements are thus used as part of the facade cladding. FIG. 19 shows a carrier element which is reinforced with a fabric 13. In the variant shown here, the insulation strip 2 is provided on two end faces and the underside with fabric 13 which is applied or glued on and which is glued into the adhesive connection between the insulation 2 and carrier strip 3. Different orientations of the fabric structure are possible. The fabric 13 envelops the insulating material strip 2 partially or completely and contributes to the transmission of forces. The side view shows different orientations of the fabric

13. Metal or glass mesh as well as mesh made of any other inorganic and / or organic substances can be used.

FIG. 20 shows an embodiment in which a carrier strip 3 is arranged on two sides of the insulation strip 2. This can be advantageous for an exclusively mechanical fastening of the elements to the substrate.

FIG. 21 shows an element according to FIG. 20, in which 2 lattice structures 14 or rod structures are attached in addition to the connection of the carrier strips 3 to the insulation strips 2. In the event that the insulating material alone cannot transmit the attacking forces, an increase in load capacity can be achieved. The latticework 14 made of metal, plastic or other organic and / or inorganic substances can be formed from individual flat structures or as a space frame. Attachment to the carrier strip 3 can be carried out by gluing, mechanical connections or — as shown in FIG. 21 — by pouring into the carrier strip material. FIG. 22 shows an element according to FIG. 20, which is fastened to the substrate with the aid of the dowel 4. The dowels 4 only grip the carrier strip 3 on the wall side.

The arrangement shown in FIG. 23 combines the embodiments according to FIGS. 21 and 22. In addition, here the wall-side carrier strip 3 is not pulled over the entire surface of the element, but covers the element only over part of the surface, to the extent required to absorb the forces to be transmitted the dowels 4 is required. For fastening facade parts and the like, 3 threaded sleeves can be used in the carrier strips

15 may be arranged.

REFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS

1 building wall

2 strips of insulation

10 3 carrier strips

4 dowels

5 sheet

6 plaster board

7 insulation board

15 8 intermediate plate

9 glue

10 composite fastening element

11 screw

12 cleaning system

20 13 tissue

14 latticework

15 threaded sleeve

16 translucent insulation

17 black glue

25 18 rear ventilation

19 Sun protection device

20 glass pane

21 metal frame

22 rubber seal

30 23 collector

24 connecting line

25 radiators

26 valve

27 pressure compensation vessel

35 28 wall penetration

29 ceramic clothing

Q shear force introduced into the carrier strip z tensile force in the dowel

D oblique pressure in the dowel

40

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R U C H E

1 support element, in particular for fastening substructures for facade cladding, roof elements, flooring and the like, with a strip-shaped insulation strip (2), characterized in that the support element consists of the insulation strip (2) and a support strip arranged above and connected to the insulation strip (2) (3) exists

2 support element according to claim 1, characterized in that on at least two surfaces of the dam strip (2) support strips (3) are attached

3 support element according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the support strip (3) on the dam strip (2) is poured

4 support element according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the support strip (3) is glued to the insulation strip (2)

5 support element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that depressions are provided on the support strip (3) for receiving fastening means which serve to fasten the support element to load-bearing parts of the building

6 support element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that dowels (4) are provided as fastening means

7. carrier element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the carrier strip (3) at least one of a strip cn-shaped sheet (5) existing additional layer is attached.

8. Support element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strip-shaped sheet (5) is at least partially formed as a perforated sheet.

9. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Trägerclcmcnt is reinforced with fabric (13), the fabric comprising the insulating strip (2) on several sides and being non-positively connected to the carrier strip (3).

10. Support element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two support strips (3) are attached to the support element, which are connected to a lattice or rod structure.

11. Use of carrier elements according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the carrier elements are used as fastening elements for a substructure, the carrier elements being fastened vertically to a building wall (1), insulation material being introduced into the spaces between the fastening elements and on the carrier strips (3) plaster carrier panels (6) are fastened so that the plaster carrier panels each meet on the carrier elements.

12. Use of Trägerelementcn according to claim 11 for a facade cladding on a building wall (1), characterized in that between at least two carrier elements translucent insulating material (16) is attached, which is glued to the building wall (1) with black mortar (17) and that a window is arranged in front of the translucent insulation material (16).

13. Use of carrier elements according to claim 12 for a facade cladding or for a roof covering, characterized in that at least one solar collector (23) is attached outside and inside the building body, the outer solar collector (23) directly with the inner solar collector (23) connected is.

14. Use of carrier elements according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the substructure is attached to parts of the building made of corrugated asbestos and the insulation strips (2) have undulating shapes on their undersides for this purpose.