US3531901A - Heat insulating structural member - Google Patents
Heat insulating structural member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3531901A US3531901A US551175A US3531901DA US3531901A US 3531901 A US3531901 A US 3531901A US 551175 A US551175 A US 551175A US 3531901D A US3531901D A US 3531901DA US 3531901 A US3531901 A US 3531901A
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- Prior art keywords
- web
- core
- insulation
- studs
- cap
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/10—Buildings forming part of cooling plants
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
- E04B2/7409—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
- E04B2/7412—Posts or frame members specially adapted for reduced sound or heat transmission
Definitions
- This invention relates to elongated structural members to retain and support thermal insulation in cold storage walls, and comprising opposed elongated cap members spaced by an elongated core of light weight and porous fibrous structure, with the cap members held over opposite edges of the core, so that stresses in the core are carried by the spaced cap members.
- This invention relates to structural elements and more particularly to heat insulating structural elements and to a method of production. Still more particularly this invention relates to substructural members to retain and support thermal insulation in applications from subzero temperatures to substantially elevated temperatures.
- a novel substructural building member operable to retain and support thermal insulation in applications from subzero, that provides the complete exclusion of wood from cold storage wall insulations, provides an increased fire safety factor, reduces costly heat gain characterizing wood members, and eliminates the possibility of dry rot in untreated lumber.
- a novel substructural member adapted for use in high temperature applications on ovens, driers, tanks and boilers capable of eliminating dangerous surface hot spots and heat loss through conductance as well as reducing structural insulation supports would provide a valuable step forward in the art.
- a further object is to provide a novel method for producing substructural members to retain and support thermal insulation in applications from subzero temperatures to Well above ambient temperatures.
- a further object is to provide novel, substructural members made of glass fibers and a bonding resin, in combination with metal caps, thus increasing fire safety, substantially eliminating heat gain, and having a long service life.
- a still further object is to provide a substructural member adapted for use in cold storage applications and also to applications on ovens, driers, tanks and boilers.
- Another object is to broadly provide a substructural member utilizing as a web material a substantially nonheat; conductive and fire and rot-resistant material of substantial rigidity in combination with metal caps.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective end view of a first embodiment of the present invention utilizing a web of low heat conductivity material in combination with two flanged cap strips of squared U-shaped section with the closed end of the U extending to either side to form the flanges;
- FIG. 2 is an end perspective view similar to FIG. 1 of a second embodiment of the invention wherein the upper cap strip is of squared U-shaped section with flanges extending from and normal to the legs of the U at the free ends of the legs of the U;
- FIG. 3 is an end perspective view similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 wherein the caps are of squared U-shaped section without flanges;
- FIG. 3a is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 3a3a of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 4 is an end perspective view of a core construction applicable to use in the invention utilizing reinforcing tension members at the upper and lower edges to resist edge shear;
- FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 of a laminated core using alternate layers of fibrous mat and woven reinforcement for resistance against edge shear;
- FIG. 6 is a composite end perspective view with parts in section illustrating wall structures made in accordance with the present invention with several finish materials and methods of attachment;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of a preferred method of making the structural members of invention.
- the structural panel of the present invention is a wood-free and thus substantially fire-resistant, beamtype member that can be broadly designated a non-conducting stud or joint wherein thermal insulation material is utilized for the web or core, and can be porous fibrous glass or similar low heat transmission material of sufli cient rigidity to perform as a structural member, in combination with metal caps along each edge and joined in assembled relation by means of a suitable bonding procedure.
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing thermal insulating studs or joints of the present invention wherein the joinder of the core to the edge cap is effected by a series of particular steps utilizing asphalt as a bonding agent.
- one form of finished substructural member made in accordance with the present in vention comprises a heat-insulating core 10 of generally rectangular section.
- the core 10 will be noted to have opposed major surfaces 12 and opposed longitudinal edges 14.
- the core 10 It is an important aspect of the core 10 that it have 3 body, and accordingly, it is important to the invention that the core have sufiicient rigidity to perform in combination with the metal caps to be later described, as a composite structural member.
- the core may therefore comprise fibrous glass and similar materials.
- the present invention utilizes a core 10 of a high-density fibrous glass of the wool or staple type, bonded by a thermosetting resin typified by a phenolic material such as phenol-formaldehyde.
- a phenolic material such as phenol-formaldehyde.
- One preferred fibrous glass web material comprises 10.5 pound/ cu. ft. density bonded wool, 1.5 inches thick.
- the web is not necessary that the web be continuous throughout the length of the stud, but rather of a convenient length to handle.
- the web segments are abutted into the channel as one step of the operation. It will of course be understood that the density and length are subject to variation within the scope of invention, commensurate with final application.
- the depth of the web is as required to accommodate the desired insulation thickness, depending upon an installation situs.
- caps 16 of metal or equivalent structural strength material are placed along each of the longitudinal edges 14 of the core 10.
- the embodiment of FIG. 1 utilizes a cap 16 of squared U-shape wherein the legs 18 of the U embrace the major surfaces 12 of the core 10 adjacent to the longitudinal edges 14. It will be noted that the closed end or bight portion of the U extends to either side to form flanges 20, transverse to the major surfaces 12 of the core 10. Also, it will be noted that the bight of the U and the flanges 20 comprise a substantial surface 22 for attachment of finishing materials as will be described with reference to FIG. 6, hereinafter.
- the cap 16 in a preferred embodiment of the invention and for greatest economy, is made of extruded aluminum and thus the unit of FIG. 1 wherein the caps 16 are connected by a web of high density fibrous glass insulation board provides a finished unit weighing less than 2 lbs. per lineal foot, at a web depth of 4 to 8 inches.
- the combination structure of the present invention is novel and unexpected because of the light-weight and low strength web. Unexpectedly, the light-weight web, in combination with the structurally strong edge caps, displays high strength. The combination of this invention has met with outstanding commercial success.
- Structural strengths based on using 10 /2 lb. density glass fiber mat with an ultimate strength of lbs. per square inch (allowing a safety factor of 3.3 which results in a working shear load of 15 p.s.i.) generally provide the following performance factors:
- Joist depths Spans Load in pounds per square foot As regards the foregoing tabulation, it will of course be understood that where different core materials are utilized, different strengths will be produced.
- the purpose of the foregoing tabulation is to show that a substructural member of adequate strength to support insu lation materials is provided in accordance with the present invention.
- a typical embodiment of the present invention comprises a substructural member to retain and support thermal insulation in applications from subzero temperatures to an upper limit of about 600 F.
- the upper end of the range is established by the bonding resin and softening point of the metal in the caps.
- FIG. 2 The embodiment of FIG. 2
- FIG. 2 is essentially the same as that of FIG. 1 in the use of a heat insulating core 10 in combination with edge caps, and in this connection it will be noted that one of the caps is designated 16 and thus is of the same configuration as defined for the caps 16 of FIG. 1. However, it will be noted that the upper cap is designated 24 because of its difference of configuration in the placement of the flanges 26. Thus, the cap 24 also consists of a squared U but has the flanges 26 extending from, and normal to, the free edge of the legs 28 of the U. When considered in comparison to the flanges 16 as described with respect to FIG. 1, it will be understood that the broad scope of invention includes placement of the normally extending flanges at any point along the legs of the U.
- FIG. 3 is also basically analogous to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 but utilizes cap structures 30 that are of mere squared U-shaped section without flanges. These can be placed at either edge 14 of the unit in mirror image array as shown in FIG. 3.
- caps 16 of FIG. 1, 24 of FIG. 2 and 30 of FIG. 3 can be used singly or in combination.
- a stronger, more expensive core structure which can be used within the broad scope of invention is designated by the reference numeral 32.
- this core is made up of a series of laminae 34 of generally plate-like configuration and having opposed major surfaces 36 and thinner, squared-01f longitudinal edges 38.
- each of the edges 38 but upon the major surfaces 36, there are provided a plurality of reinforcement members 40, typified by continuous glass fiber rovings of tremendous strength, small metal wires, or the like. It will be noted that the laminae 34 with the reinforcement members 40 in proper position are fastened together along their major surfaces 36.
- the reinforcement members 40 provide a strengthened longitudinal edge section with increased resistance to edge shear where such a problem may arise due to abnormal loadings.
- the core embodiment of FIG. 5 is similar to the core embodiment of FIG. 4 in that it utilizes a plurality of lamina 34 having opposed major surfaces 36 and longitudinal edges 38. However, it is to be noted that the reinforcement material is distinguishable from the longitudinally extending reinforcement members 40 of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 uses a screen-type material 42, typified by woven cloth of continuous glass strands of tremendous strength.
- the cloth reinforcement 42 is comprised of warp or lengthwise strands 44 and woof or transverse strands 46.
- the woof strands 46 are effective to space the warp strands 44 along the width of the major surfaces 36.
- Production of this type of core is similar to the production of that described in FIG. 4 and comprises the steps of:
- the third core structure 48 is greatly reinforced by the screenlike reinforcement 42 and the various laminae all joined as a unitary whole, and thus is highly resistant to edge shear as is the embodiment of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 various embodiments Of the invention in combination with a number of different interior finishes are illustrated, along with the attachment to a structure wall.
- a Wall structure 50 of the structural type forms the backing or support for the elements of invention.
- This can be represented by a concrete wall, a conventional stud wall with a plywood interior or the like. It might also be represented when considering FIG. 6 in inverted relation, as a ceiling structure with an attachment line representing the bottoms of the joists.
- a vapor barrier will first be applied over the structural wall to which the elements of invention are to be connected as indicated by reference numeral 51.
- flanges 20 are secured to the structural wall 50 by means of screws, bolts or the like, 52.
- studs typified by FIG. 1 and designated 54 are utilized.
- FIG. 2 By reference to the right half of FIG. 6, it will be understood that the embodiment of FIG. 2, designated 56, is utilized.
- FIG. 6Extreme left By reference now to the extreme left side of FIG. 6, it will be noted that fill insulation of the blanket type and designated 58 is placed in the interior of the wall defined by the opposing major surfaces 22 of the stud 54, as reversing corrugations 60.
- a refrigeration interior finish board 62 is applied between the exposed stud flanges 20 as the finish material by angular insertion. Though not shown, horizontal joints in the finish material 62 are preferably covered as by aluminum T-strips or the like. Since the fill insulation 58 is compressible, no very exact clearance space beneath the flanges 20 is required for insertion of the refrigeration interior finish board 62. However, it will be understood that where a high-density, substantially noncompressible insulation is provided, proper clearance for insertion of the interior finish board 62 will be maintained.
- FIG. 6Second from left The foregoing description has related to one typical refrigeration-type installation, and now, by reference to the second from left segment of FIG. 6, an embodiment or application is shown wherein layers of fairly high density board-like insulation previously referred to are utilized.
- the layers 64 of high density glass fiber acoustical board are placed between the cores 10 of the studs 54 and, as mentioned above, a space of about 1 inch thickness is provided at the top or interior to receive the refrigeration finish board 62.
- FIG. 6Third from left This brings the description to the third from left segment of FIG. 6 which illustrates the application of a plaster finish to the interior surface.
- the Web depth of the studs 54, 56 will be equal to the specified insulation thickness of the particular application.
- fill insulation of the loose type or pouring variety and designated 66 is utilized to fill the insulation space between the web depth of the stud 54 on the left hand and the stud 56 on the right hand.
- metal lath 68 by wiring through holes punched in the flanges of the studs or by sheet metal screws with large washers.
- a plaster layer 70 is applied and this suitably comprises a scratch coat and about a minimum of /8" finish coat of portland cement plaster and preferably scored in about 4 squares.
- FIG. 6Right hand segment Now by reference to the right hand segment of FIG. 6, it will be noted that a plywood layer 72 is applied by screws 52 to the outside surfaces of the flanges 26 of the studs 56.
- fill insulation of the pouring type 66 is also illustrated as filling the web depth equal to the specified insulation thickness.
- fill insulation is not limiting, but merely illustrative. In vertical installations the boardtype material illustrated in the second-from-left segment of FIG. 6 and designated 64 may be preferred to resist settling, whereas loose fill may be desirable for horizontal applications as in ceilings.
- FIG. 6 is merely illustrative and not necessarily meant to designate a floor. It is actually meant to illustrate the types of finishes that can be used for walls and ceilings in the interior of refrigerated rooms wherein the studs comprise part of the substructural wall for the purpose of supporting the various insulating materials and the interior finish by attachment to a structural wall 50.
- the primary purpose of the present invention in view of the fact that it is a substructural member, is that of erecting walls and ceilings, rather than floors.
- floor applications it is to be considered within the scope of invention to include floor applications.
- a refrigeration application has been illustrated in FIG. 6, it is to be considered within the scope of invention that application would include walls, ceilings, floors or the like in elevated temperature installations as well. This would include hot applications up to about 600 7 F., typically established by the phenolic bond of glass and the likely sag point of thin aluminum extrusions.
- the hot side of the wall will be made of a material capable of withstanding the temperatures encountered.
- the cold side can be wood, plaster, or finish board, typified by those of FIG. 6, because of the protection provided by the intervening insulation material, reducing thermal transmission to a tolerable low level.
- the interior finishes illustrated are not to be considered as limiting upon the invention.
- Other materials, such as gypsum board, metal sheets and the like could also be employed within the broad scope of invention.
- the method comprises the steps of:
- (c) stud assembly comprising inserting web boards butted tightly together into the channel of a cap for the full length of a stud; and forcing the other cap down onto the other, similarly treated edge of the web boards;
- Step (a)Dip In the light of the foregoing brief perspective view of the method of invention, a full and complete description of each stage and the coordination of the stages of the process will now be provided.
- step (a) which includes dipping the edges of the boards in hot asphalt to the depth of the channel of a cap member, e.g. 1%" at 400", 1-20 F. for approximately five seconds.
- the board is dipped vertically into the asphalt and after five seconds is removed and allowed to drip briefiy, that is, for about three-to-five seconds.
- step (a) Step (b)Upset This step comprises the rapid upsetting to put the asphalt dipped edge up.
- the studs are assembled by laying the surfaces 22 or the backside of the caps 16,
- the other cap member is then forced down from the top on the other edge of the web boards. Because of the close fit, it was found necessary to tap on the top extrusion with a hammer using a wood block to cushion the blows and prevent damage to the metal to seat both extrusions snugly against the web boards.
- Steps (e) and (f)Reheat to bond; and cool This brings the description to hte next step of the operation of reheating to provide a bond.
- the assembled studs are reheated to the point where the asphalt in the web boards will flow onto the aluminum.
- an oven capable of developing a temperature of about 400 F. was utilized. It is very important that during this reheating operation and during the subsequent cooling operation the studs be retained in an accurate assembled alignment. The reason is that when the studs cool from the temperature reached in the reheating oven, they will retain any deformation acquired.
- the studs are run out on a flat surface at the end of the oven and retained thereon until they have reached a cool, set state.
- the studs are preferably fed through the oven lying on one side, that is, with the core in a horizontal position and as the studs emerge from the oven they are turned over and laid on the flat surface on the other side. This is to encourage asphalt flow to both sides of the channel.
- the studs are carefully cooled in a straight, fiat condition to avoid any deformation being imparted to them.
- Step (g)Package and ship The next phase of the process comprises packaging and shipment. Although the details of this portion of the process are not to be considered critical to the method, they are supplied to provide a full disclosure.
- an order was packaged by bundling ten studs with rayon strapping in four places along the length. Corrugated cartons were placed over the ends of the bundles to protect the stud ends, but this appears to be optional. Wood cleats were placed under the bundle, between the studs and the strapping to allow entry with a fork lift and to prevent bending of the flanges by over tensioning of the strapping.
- wood cleats the width of the bundle, be used, both top and bottom, and perhaps also on the sides forming, in effect, an encasing box.
- Bundles of studs packaged as described were subjected to trucking from point of manufacture to a first destination, unloaded and reloaded, trucked from the first destination to a second destination, unloaded and reloaded, and trucked from the second destination back to the point of manufacture and unloaded with no deterioration in the package or damage to the studs which would render them unusable.
- the invention would also encompass the use of high silica glass caps, and ceramic and refractory materials for applications as in rocketry and the like.
- fiber-resin products also can be employed in making the flanges. These include chopped strand, lofted mat, woven cloth, sisal fiber, etc. as reinforcements in combination with polyester, epoxy and other resins-processed by matched metal molding operations, lay-up techniques and the like.
- a preferred material was of about 10.5 lb./cu. ft. density. This is subject to some latitude and will include such materials in the broad range of about 8 to about lb./cu. ft.
- a vapor barrier 51 is placed between the structural wall 50 and the substructural refrigeration wall to prevent condensation within the fibrous insulation material, which would reduce efficiency.
- the vapor barrier preferably shall be a membrane having a water vapor permeance of not more than about 0.01 perms applied in a solid coating of vapor barrier adhesive. Appropirate edge laps will be provided and sealed with adhesive with a minimum of about 12." of wall vapor barrier extending at top and bottom to permit ceiling to floor and roof vapor barrier, and with a 1'' loop left unadhered at all corners and building expansion joints to permit movement.
- the nonconducting studs of invention having a web depth equal to the specified insulation thickness are erected against the vapor barrier covered walls, and spaced as for example on 48" centers.
- the foregoing description has not been limited with respect to the precise dimensions of the core members 10 or the cap members 16, 24 or 30.
- the cap members can be of thinner gauge commensurate with the loads encountered and that where flooring applications are contemplated, a general thickening of all sections commensurate with the loads to be encountered will be provided.
- metal sheets can also be used as equivalents of the refrigeration interior finish board 62, the plaster 70 and the plywood 72 all illustrated in FIG. 6.
- ribs can be provided to resist oil-canning effects.
- Insulating fibers within the scope of invention would include glass wool, mineral wool, quartz, aluminum silicates and the like. Such fibers are broadly designated siliceous fibers.
- webs of a material having the quality of low heat transmission and commensurate structural strength for utility can be employed. These materials are of course sharply distinguished from wood because of the latters transmissivity, nondurable nature and high structural strength as to be self-supporting.
- the stud of the present invention permits the complete exclusion of wood from cold storage wall insulation, increasing fire safety, reducing costly heat gain through wood members, and eliminating the possibility of dry rot in untreated lumber.
- wood has double the conductivity of the glass fiber products of invention from the cold side to the hot side when used as a web.
- the light weight of the products of invention has been mentioned hereinbefore as less than 2 lbs. per lineal foot when using aluminum extrusions with a high density glass fiber insulation board web.
- the unexpected result of the present invention is that the rigidity or strength of low heat transmission materials have been combined into a structural member for the dual purpose of structural stability along with a nonheat-conducting bridge.
- the present invention envisions an installation that provides great flexibility in depth and fill insulation, in surface treatment of the walls produced, and in variations of installation. It is evident that substantial savings will be provided by the present invention.
- the present invention provides a mechanical support for thermal insulating materials and retains such insulating materials in an intended position.
- the present invention also provides a base to which various surface finishing and weatherproofing materials can be attached.
- a web comprised of bonded glass wool fibers and having a density in the range from about 8 lbs. to about 20 lbs. per cubic foot and bonded with thermosetting phenolic resin,
- said web having a generally rectangular section with 11 opposed major surfaces and opposed longitudinal edges, and flanged, structurally strong, aluminum cap members attached over said longitudinal edges and bonded thereto and to said opposed major surfaces at areas adjacent to said longitudinal edges by an asphalt adhesive to produce a fiber-to-metal asphalt bond.
- a web comprised of bonded glass wool fibers and having a density in the range from about 8 lbs. to about 20 lbs. per cubic foot bonded with thermosetting phenolic resin,
- said web having a rectangular section with opposed major surfaces and opposed longitudinal edges
- said aluminum cap members comprising a squared U-shaped channel with the legs of the U embracing said opposed major surfaces and having attachment flanges extending outwardly transversely of said legs at a position along the length of the legs.
- a Web comprised of bonded glass wool fibers and having a density in the range from about 8 lbs. to about 20 lbs. per cubic foot and bonded with thermosetting phenolic resin,
- said web having a generally rectangular section with opposed major surfaces and opposed longitudinal edges
- said cap members comprising a squared U channel With the legs of the U embracing said opposed major surfaces.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US55117566A | 1966-05-18 | 1966-05-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3531901A true US3531901A (en) | 1970-10-06 |
Family
ID=24200161
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US551175A Expired - Lifetime US3531901A (en) | 1966-05-18 | 1966-05-18 | Heat insulating structural member |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3531901A (en) |
Cited By (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3854262A (en) * | 1973-05-01 | 1974-12-17 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Inpaled and compressed fibrous furnace lining |
FR2432589A1 (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1980-02-29 | Valtion Teknillinen | COMPOSITE BEAM |
US4267678A (en) * | 1975-01-30 | 1981-05-19 | Carroll Research, Inc. | Insulated roof structure |
US4310992A (en) * | 1979-09-20 | 1982-01-19 | Construction Murox, Inc. | Structural panel |
US4478018A (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1984-10-23 | Holand John F | Thermal break exterior insulated wall framing system |
US4490955A (en) * | 1982-07-23 | 1985-01-01 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Residential wall construction |
US5609006A (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1997-03-11 | Boyer; Robert W. | Wall stud |
US5678381A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1997-10-21 | Denadel; Duane G. | Insulated beam |
US5685114A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1997-11-11 | Tanaka Masakatsu Design Office Co., Ltd. | Structural member, floor structure, and roof structure for wooden building and a method of building with the same |
US5768849A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-06-23 | Blazevic; Drago | Composite structural post |
US5809735A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-09-22 | Les Bois Laumar Inc. | Steel-wood system |
US5875604A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1999-03-02 | University Of Central Florida | Metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
WO1999035350A1 (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 1999-07-15 | Peter Kellner | Support element for attaching furring |
NL1008084C2 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-22 | Verwol Projektafbouw B V | Sandwich style. |
US5966894A (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-10-19 | Crump, Jr.; Preston L. | Modular insulated framing beam assembly |
WO2000058582A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | East Ohio Machinery Company | Insulated composite steel member |
US6161361A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2000-12-19 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Composite structural member and method of fabrication thereof |
US6250042B1 (en) | 1996-06-17 | 2001-06-26 | University Of Central Florida | Additional metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
DE19704112C2 (en) * | 1996-12-04 | 2001-10-18 | Peter Kellner | Insulating facade cladding |
US6412249B1 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2002-07-02 | Boyer Building Products, Inc. | Wall stud |
US6412247B1 (en) | 1996-03-04 | 2002-07-02 | National Gypsum Properties, Llc | Composite structural member and wall assembly method |
US6505449B1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-01-14 | Composit Wood Specialties Ltd. | Structural element |
EP1288388A1 (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-05 | Otmar Helmbrecht | Interleaf profile and associated roof or wall construction |
US20030079428A1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-05-01 | Rivers Clifford Henry | Structural building system |
US20050109127A1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2005-05-26 | Bullivant Roger A. | Structural beam member |
US6910311B2 (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2005-06-28 | Verne Leroy Lindberg | Members with a thermal break |
US20050150183A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-14 | Hettler Neil R. | Insulation system with variable position vapor retarder |
US20070101675A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-10 | Veerhuis Beheer, B.V. | Method of constructing a building, such building, and wall and floor elements for use therein |
US20070193169A1 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2007-08-23 | Building Solutions Pty Ltd | Building panels |
US20080141618A1 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-19 | Gordon Ritchie | Wood substitute structural frame member |
US20090013627A1 (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | United Technology Corp. | Insulated Supports |
US20090288358A1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2009-11-26 | Snyder Leland D | Insulative and weather-resistant building construction |
US20100236172A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-23 | Les Chantiers Chibougamau Ltee | Framing system and components with built-in thermal break |
US20100300037A1 (en) * | 2006-08-12 | 2010-12-02 | Michael James Paul Turner | Insulating Structure |
US20130055677A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2013-03-07 | Blade Dynamics, Ltd. | Modular structural composite beam |
US20130160398A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-06-27 | Weihong Yang | Composite i-beam member |
US20130239512A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-09-19 | Weihong Yang | Steel and wood composite structure with metal jacket wood studs and rods |
US8590242B1 (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2013-11-26 | Thomas J. Ogorchock | Insulated concrete wall |
US20140059970A1 (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2014-03-06 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Method for providing a fire safe penetration in building element |
US20160348355A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-12-01 | James Stephen Millhouse | Blown insulation apparatus and method |
EP3133221A1 (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-02-22 | Paroc Group Oy | Building element |
US9651029B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2017-05-16 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Wind turbine tower |
US20170167138A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2017-06-15 | Kenneth R. Thompson | Structural component |
US9863258B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Method of forming a structural connection between a spar cap and a fairing for a wind turbine blade |
US9970412B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2018-05-15 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Wind turbine blade |
WO2019012440A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | Climatic Sp. Z O.O. Sp.K. | Non-stress construction composite for building structural walls and ceilings, and a method of building structural walls and ceilings using bridgeless non-stress construction composites |
EP2935716B1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2020-09-09 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG | Composite structural member with thermal and/or sound insulation characteristics for building construction und building using it |
US10870983B2 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-12-22 | Richard John Cervini | Foam measuring and insulating covers for wood and steel framing members |
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Cited By (68)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3854262A (en) * | 1973-05-01 | 1974-12-17 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Inpaled and compressed fibrous furnace lining |
US4267678A (en) * | 1975-01-30 | 1981-05-19 | Carroll Research, Inc. | Insulated roof structure |
FR2432589A1 (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1980-02-29 | Valtion Teknillinen | COMPOSITE BEAM |
US4281497A (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1981-08-04 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | Compound beam |
US4310992A (en) * | 1979-09-20 | 1982-01-19 | Construction Murox, Inc. | Structural panel |
US4478018A (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1984-10-23 | Holand John F | Thermal break exterior insulated wall framing system |
US4490955A (en) * | 1982-07-23 | 1985-01-01 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Residential wall construction |
US5678381A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1997-10-21 | Denadel; Duane G. | Insulated beam |
US5685114A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1997-11-11 | Tanaka Masakatsu Design Office Co., Ltd. | Structural member, floor structure, and roof structure for wooden building and a method of building with the same |
US5768849A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-06-23 | Blazevic; Drago | Composite structural post |
US6412249B1 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2002-07-02 | Boyer Building Products, Inc. | Wall stud |
US5609006A (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1997-03-11 | Boyer; Robert W. | Wall stud |
US6134859A (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 2000-10-24 | University Of Central Florida | Metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US6412247B1 (en) | 1996-03-04 | 2002-07-02 | National Gypsum Properties, Llc | Composite structural member and wall assembly method |
US6516584B1 (en) | 1996-06-17 | 2003-02-11 | Univ Central Florida | Additional metal wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US6412248B1 (en) | 1996-06-17 | 2002-07-02 | University Of Central Florida | Additional metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US6250042B1 (en) | 1996-06-17 | 2001-06-26 | University Of Central Florida | Additional metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US5875604A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1999-03-02 | University Of Central Florida | Metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US5875605A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1999-03-02 | University Of Central Florida | Metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US5875603A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1999-03-02 | University Of Central Florida | Metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US5881529A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1999-03-16 | University Of Central Florida | Metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US5921054A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1999-07-13 | University Of Central Florida | Metal and wood composite framing members for residential and light commercial construction |
US5809735A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-09-22 | Les Bois Laumar Inc. | Steel-wood system |
DE19704112C2 (en) * | 1996-12-04 | 2001-10-18 | Peter Kellner | Insulating facade cladding |
US5966894A (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-10-19 | Crump, Jr.; Preston L. | Modular insulated framing beam assembly |
WO1999035350A1 (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 1999-07-15 | Peter Kellner | Support element for attaching furring |
EP0931887A1 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-28 | Verwol Projektafbouw B.V. | Sandwich stud |
NL1008084C2 (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-22 | Verwol Projektafbouw B V | Sandwich style. |
US6161361A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2000-12-19 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Composite structural member and method of fabrication thereof |
WO2000058582A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | East Ohio Machinery Company | Insulated composite steel member |
US6505449B1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-01-14 | Composit Wood Specialties Ltd. | Structural element |
EP1288388A1 (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-05 | Otmar Helmbrecht | Interleaf profile and associated roof or wall construction |
US20030079428A1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-05-01 | Rivers Clifford Henry | Structural building system |
US6910311B2 (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2005-06-28 | Verne Leroy Lindberg | Members with a thermal break |
US20070193169A1 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2007-08-23 | Building Solutions Pty Ltd | Building panels |
US7882672B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2011-02-08 | Building Solutions Pty Ltd. | Building panels |
US20050109127A1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2005-05-26 | Bullivant Roger A. | Structural beam member |
US20050150183A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-14 | Hettler Neil R. | Insulation system with variable position vapor retarder |
US20100088986A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2010-04-15 | Veerhuis Beheer, B.V. | Method of constructing a building, such building, and wall and floor elements for use therein |
US7946092B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2011-05-24 | Veerhuis Beheer, B.V. | Method of constructing a building, such building, and wall and floor elements for use therein |
US20070101675A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-10 | Veerhuis Beheer, B.V. | Method of constructing a building, such building, and wall and floor elements for use therein |
US20100300037A1 (en) * | 2006-08-12 | 2010-12-02 | Michael James Paul Turner | Insulating Structure |
US20080141618A1 (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-19 | Gordon Ritchie | Wood substitute structural frame member |
US20090013627A1 (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-15 | United Technology Corp. | Insulated Supports |
US20090288358A1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2009-11-26 | Snyder Leland D | Insulative and weather-resistant building construction |
US8590242B1 (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2013-11-26 | Thomas J. Ogorchock | Insulated concrete wall |
US20100236172A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-23 | Les Chantiers Chibougamau Ltee | Framing system and components with built-in thermal break |
US8820033B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-09-02 | Weihong Yang | Steel and wood composite structure with metal jacket wood studs and rods |
US8910455B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-12-16 | Weihong Yang | Composite I-beam member |
US20130160398A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-06-27 | Weihong Yang | Composite i-beam member |
US20130239512A1 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-09-19 | Weihong Yang | Steel and wood composite structure with metal jacket wood studs and rods |
US9290941B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2016-03-22 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Modular structural composite beam |
US8905718B2 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2014-12-09 | Blade Dynamics, Ltd. | Modular structural composite beam |
US20130055677A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2013-03-07 | Blade Dynamics, Ltd. | Modular structural composite beam |
US9567749B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2017-02-14 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Modular structural composite beam |
US9404251B2 (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2016-08-02 | Rockwool International A/S | Method for providing a fire safe penetration in building element |
US20140059970A1 (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2014-03-06 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Method for providing a fire safe penetration in building element |
US9651029B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2017-05-16 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Wind turbine tower |
US9863258B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Method of forming a structural connection between a spar cap and a fairing for a wind turbine blade |
US9970412B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2018-05-15 | Blade Dynamics Limited | Wind turbine blade |
EP2935716B1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2020-09-09 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG | Composite structural member with thermal and/or sound insulation characteristics for building construction und building using it |
US9951516B2 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2018-04-24 | James Stephen Millhouse | Blown insulation apparatus and method |
US20160348355A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-12-01 | James Stephen Millhouse | Blown insulation apparatus and method |
US9890532B2 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2018-02-13 | Kenneth R. Thompson | Structural component |
US20170167138A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2017-06-15 | Kenneth R. Thompson | Structural component |
EP3133221A1 (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-02-22 | Paroc Group Oy | Building element |
WO2019012440A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | Climatic Sp. Z O.O. Sp.K. | Non-stress construction composite for building structural walls and ceilings, and a method of building structural walls and ceilings using bridgeless non-stress construction composites |
US10870983B2 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-12-22 | Richard John Cervini | Foam measuring and insulating covers for wood and steel framing members |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WADE, WILLIAM, J., DELAWARE Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004652/0351 Effective date: 19861103 Owner name: WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, DELAWARE Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004652/0351 Effective date: 19861103 Owner name: WADE, WILLIAM, J., ONE RODNEY SQUARE NORTH, WILMIN Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004652/0351 Effective date: 19861103 Owner name: WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, ONE RODNEY SQUARE NORTH, Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004652/0351 Effective date: 19861103 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE Free format text: TERMINATION OF SECURITY AGREEMENT RECORDED NOV. 13, 1986. REEL 4652 FRAMES 351-420;ASSIGNORS:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, A DE. BANKING CORPORATION;WADE, WILLIAM J. (TRUSTEES);REEL/FRAME:004903/0501 Effective date: 19870730 Owner name: OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CORPORATION, FIBERGLAS TOW Free format text: TERMINATION OF SECURITY AGREEMENT RECORDED NOV. 13, 1986. REEL 4652 FRAMES 351-420;ASSIGNORS:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, A DE. BANKING CORPORATION;WADE, WILLIAM J. (TRUSTEES);REEL/FRAME:004903/0501 Effective date: 19870730 |