EP1043094A1 - Procédé de fabrication de pièces coulée et matière de moulage - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de pièces coulée et matière de moulage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1043094A1
EP1043094A1 EP99107009A EP99107009A EP1043094A1 EP 1043094 A1 EP1043094 A1 EP 1043094A1 EP 99107009 A EP99107009 A EP 99107009A EP 99107009 A EP99107009 A EP 99107009A EP 1043094 A1 EP1043094 A1 EP 1043094A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
silica sol
investment
investment material
expansion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99107009A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1043094B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Prof. Dr.-Ing Nowack
Günter Grill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shera-Werkstofftechnologie & Cokg GmbH
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Shera-Werkstofftechnologie & Cokg GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to EP99107009A priority Critical patent/EP1043094B1/fr
Priority to DE59914938T priority patent/DE59914938D1/de
Publication of EP1043094A1 publication Critical patent/EP1043094A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1043094B1 publication Critical patent/EP1043094B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
    • B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
    • B22C1/186—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing cast workpieces, especially filigree precision castings in the medical field, in which one Casting mold consisting of a ceramic investment material before filling of a casting material to compensate one when cooling from the melted state occurring volume contraction of the casting material is deliberately expanded, the investment material being made of a quartz-free Oxide ceramic mixture, a binder and one as a mixing liquid serving silica sol is formed with the addition of an organic carboxylic acid.
  • the invention further relates to an investment for the production of Cast workpieces by such a method.
  • the pouring process is due to a volume contraction of the Casting material marked.
  • the smallest possible deviation of the cast part from that to be reconstructed To ensure the appropriate wax model for the body part, it is known that Volume contraction of the casting material through an expansion of the casting mold compensating investment.
  • the total expansion of the Investment material consists of a setting expansion during the Setting of the pulp and thermal expansion when heating the Mold together. A high thermal expansion can then be achieved if quartz-containing investment materials are used. This is due to the thermal Conversion behavior due to silicon dioxide modifications. So finds an abrupt expansion of cristobalite through an ⁇ / ⁇ conversion at about 270 ° C and quartz at about 570 ° C.
  • Investment materials containing quartz are characterized by high expansion values of up to 2%, which often make a setting expansion unnecessary but in addition to the harmful formation of fine dust with a Grain size of ⁇ 10 pm the disadvantage of an equally uneven Cooling behavior. This has the consequence that in the cooling with the Investment in contact casting casting casting stresses that result in a inadmissible plastic deformation or cracking. Disadvantageous in the case of investment materials containing quartz, it is also a relatively low one Softening temperature, which occurs at high casting temperatures, such as when casting of titanium alloys, for example, slagging reactions cause the inaccuracies of fit.
  • Base of titanium (Ti) or zirconium (Zr), which is above a temperature of about 900 ° C has a high affinity for oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen exhibit an embrittlement formed by oxidation the outer skin of the cast workpiece.
  • This under the label Alpha-case form known edge zone oxidation goes with an increased Material hardness, which is desirable for certain applications, for Precision castings due to the associated inaccuracies due to blowholes or gas pockets, for example.
  • European patent application 97 119 939.3 has already proposed an organic carboxylic acid, for example citric acid, a quartz-free oxide ceramic mixture comprising a magnesium oxide (MgO), a binder based on magnesium oxide (MgO) and monoammonium phosphate (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ) and Add existing investment material as the mixing liquid to the silica sol in order to obtain a high setting expansion.
  • the setting expansion required for the cast material to be processed can be set by the content of magnesium oxide (MgO) in the oxide ceramic mixture and the type and proportion of the carboxylic acid.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing cast workpieces with which a comparatively simple control of the expansion of a quartz-free investment material which occurs during setting can be achieved.
  • the present invention is also intended to provide an investment material which can be used in such a method.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a method for producing cast workpieces having the features mentioned at the outset by controlling the expansion of the investment material which occurs during setting by varying the content of colloidal, amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in the silica sol.
  • carboxylic acid for example, is relatively weak in comparison to mineral acids and their derivatives
  • the pH is not reduced to such an extent that a charge reversal takes place, for example through absorption of H + ions, which stabilizes the now unstable silica sol.
  • the precipitated silica gel forms water-containing, crystalline or partially crystalline silicates, which lead to an increase in volume and thus to an increase in the expansion of the index.
  • silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in the silica sol the volume fraction of expanding, crystallizing silicates can consequently be changed and the setting expansion can thus be steplessly controlled, almost independently of the composition of the oxide ceramic mixture.
  • the content of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in the silica sol is varied between 30% by weight and 40% by weight in order to set a certain expansion of the investment.
  • 30% silica sol leads to a setting expansion of 0.8%
  • a proportion of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in the silica sol of 40% by weight a setting expansion of 6% can be achieved.
  • the variation of the silicon dioxide content in the above interval therefore enables sufficiently large setting expansion values for most casting materials.
  • a silica sol is expediently used in which the silicon dioxide particles have a BET surface area of 50 m 2 / g to 350 m 2 / g.
  • an investment for the production of cast materials consisting of a quartz-free Oxidkeramikmischung, a binder and a serving as the mixing liquid of silica sol, to which an organic carboxylic acid is added and which is characterized in that for selectively adjusting the expansion occurring during setting of the content of colloidal, amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in the silica sol is varied depending on the casting material to be used.
  • a quartz-free Oxidkeramikmischung a binder and a serving as the mixing liquid of silica sol, to which an organic carboxylic acid is added and which is characterized in that for selectively adjusting the expansion occurring during setting of the content of colloidal, amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in the silica sol is varied depending on the casting material to be used.
  • the content of colloidal, amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in the silica sol is advantageously between 30% by weight and 40% by weight.
  • the quartz-free oxide ceramic mixture is composed of oxides of high thermal and chemical stability, preferably aluminum silicates, zirconium silicate and stable silicates of the alkaline earth metals, as well as magnesium oxide (MgO) and corundum ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ).
  • Oxide ceramic mixtures of this type are generally high-melting and have a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Compared to investment materials containing quartz, they are much more stable and particularly better suited for the investment casting of metal alloys based on titanium (Ti) or zirconium (Zr). In addition, the risk of slagging is comparatively low.
  • the investment material according to the invention advantageously has a proportion of oxides of high thermal and chemical stability from 96% by weight to 30% by weight, a proportion of corundum ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ) of up to 40% by weight and a proportion of magnesium oxide (MgO) from 4% by weight to 30% by weight.
  • the binder is a phosphate binder based on magnesium oxide (MgO) and monoammonium phosphate (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ).
  • the component P 2 O 5 is unstable with respect to liquid metals, but at a temperature of approx. 1400 ° C.
  • the relatively low proportion of monoammonium phosphate (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ) in the investment material ensures that the P 2 O 5 proportion is less than 3%. This is particularly important if a casting material based on titanium (Ti) is used, since titanium (Ti) or titanium alloys are strongly reducing.
  • FIG. 1 shows the composition of the oxide ceramic mixture of an investment.
  • the corners of the equilateral triangle correspond to the pure components corundum ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ), magnesium oxide (MgO) and oxides of high thermal and chemical stability, such as aluminum silicates, of a ternary system.
  • the binary edge systems are found on the triangular sides divided by mass fraction, while points within the triangle represent the ternary mixture. Lines of constant mass contents w of a component run parallel to the sides of the triangle, which are opposite the respective corner of the pure component, and cut off the respective mass fractions on the edge scales.
  • a proportion of oxides of high thermal and chemical stability from 96% by weight to 30% by weight
  • the proportion of magnesium oxide (MgO) from 4% by weight to 30% by weight results in the area marked with A.
  • the diagram in FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the size of the expansion ⁇ A that occurs when a quartz-free investment material sets and the content w of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) in a silica sol serving as a mixing liquid. It can be seen that with a content w of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) of 30% by weight, a setting expansion of approximately 0.8% occurs, while a content w of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) of 40% by weight results in a Setting expansion of almost 6% can be achieved. By diluting an approximately 40% silica sol to a value between 30% by weight and 40% by weight, a setting expansion between 0.8% and 6.0% can thus be set in a targeted manner without changing the composition of the other components of the investment, as was previously the case, required.
  • the setting expansion ⁇ A is understood to mean the change in length .DELTA.L of a particle of the investment after setting in relation to the initial length L 0 of the particle in a coordinate direction.
  • Such an investment material can be processed into a casting mold in the pulpy state, the setting reaction occurring at room temperature after about 10 minutes. After about 1 hour, when the casting mold is completely set and solid, the setting expansion ⁇ A shown in FIG. 2 for different contents w of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) is established in the silica sol serving as the mixing liquid. In the temperature range of up to 900 ° C. that is of interest for the production of filigree precision castings, such an investment has a low, almost linear thermal expansion ⁇ th of 0.35%.
  • the investment material is therefore particularly suitable for applications in the medical field, in particular in dental technology, for example for the production of implants.
  • NEM non-precious metal alloys
  • dental alloys based on cobalt, chromium and molybdenum, cobalt, chromium and tungsten or nickel, chromium and molybdenum, which replace expensive noble metal alloys setting expansion values of 2.8% are generally up to 3.5% is required, which can be achieved with a 36% to 38% silica sol for the above investment.
  • setting expansion values between 2.3% and 3.8% must be achieved.
  • a silica sol whose w content of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) is between 34% by weight and 36% by weight is suitable for this purpose.
  • the investment described above is characterized in that the main components of the oxide ceramic mixture are refractory oxides, namely mullite and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO 4 ).
  • refractory oxides namely mullite and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO 4 ).
  • ZrSiO 4 zirconium silicate
  • the refractory corundum ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ) which is likewise refractory, is comparatively coarse-grained at a grain fraction of more than 100 pm and therefore forms predetermined breaking points in the matrix of the investment material to improve the devesting of the casting.
  • the zirconium silicate has a fine grain fraction of less than 40 microns and therefore serves to improve the surface quality of the casting.
  • the setting reaction also occurs after approx. 10 min at room temperature.
  • the finished casting mold is completely set and a setting expansion ⁇ A of approx. 2.5% is achieved.
  • Glass ceramics that are used to manufacture biocompatible implants are usually based on the semi-crystalline basic system SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MgO-CaO-K 2 O / Na 2 O / NaF / P 2 O 5 .
  • the glass ceramic is usually pressed into the mold at temperatures of approx. 900 ° C.
  • Precise parts can be manufactured precisely because the volume contraction that occurs when the glass ceramic cools is compensated for by the setting expansion of the investment material that forms the casting mold.
  • the above-described quartz-free investment material is characterized by an approximately constant coefficient of thermal expansion, which thus takes into account a high accuracy of fit.
  • the investment materials described above are particularly suitable for a titanium investment casting, in which the operating temperature of the casting mold is however in should be around 500 ° C to prevent the formation of an alpha case form.
  • the above investment materials are also characterized by their use in a process for the production of cast workpieces, in which the Setting occurring expansion is controlled in a simple manner. A easy handling is not least ensured by the fact that the Achieving high setting expansion values required organic acid either before the mixing process with the silica sol in the investment is included, or only during the mixing process together with the Silica sol is added in solid or already dissolved form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
EP99107009A 1999-04-09 1999-04-09 Procédé de fabrication de pièces coulée Expired - Lifetime EP1043094B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99107009A EP1043094B1 (fr) 1999-04-09 1999-04-09 Procédé de fabrication de pièces coulée
DE59914938T DE59914938D1 (de) 1999-04-09 1999-04-09 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gusswerkstücken

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99107009A EP1043094B1 (fr) 1999-04-09 1999-04-09 Procédé de fabrication de pièces coulée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1043094A1 true EP1043094A1 (fr) 2000-10-11
EP1043094B1 EP1043094B1 (fr) 2008-12-24

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EP (1) EP1043094B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59914938D1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004098811A1 (fr) * 2003-05-09 2004-11-18 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh Matiere a mouler, piece moulee et procede de fabrication de pieces moulees pour un moule
EP1837069A1 (fr) * 2006-03-20 2007-09-26 Amann Girrbach GmbH Dispositif de dosage destiné au mélange de une ou plusieurs substances poudreuses et/ou liquides pour techniques dentaires
WO2011064230A1 (fr) 2009-11-27 2011-06-03 Basf Se Composition de revêtement pour particules de mousse
WO2012019988A1 (fr) 2010-08-09 2012-02-16 Basf Se Matériaux stables à hautes températures et à l'humidité présentant des propriétés d'isolation améliorées à base de mousses et de silicates dispersés
DE102010064142A1 (de) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Dental-Restauration mittels CAD-Cast-Verfahren
DE102013109039A1 (de) 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 SHERA Werkstoff-Technologie GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Präzisionsgussteilen für dentalmedizinische Anwendungen
DE102012113073A1 (de) * 2012-12-22 2014-07-10 Ask Chemicals Gmbh Formstoffmischungen enthaltend Aluminiumoxide und/oder Aluminium/Silizium-Mischoxide in partikulärer Form
DE102012113074A1 (de) * 2012-12-22 2014-07-10 Ask Chemicals Gmbh Formstoffmischungen enthaltend Metalloxide des Aluminiums und Zirkoniums in partikulärer Form
EP2881078A1 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-06-10 SHERA-Werkstofftechnologie GmbH & Co.KG Matière d'enrobage céramique et procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées de précision

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108210101B (zh) * 2018-01-04 2020-11-10 北京圣爱吉友和义齿制作有限公司 一种义齿支架制作工艺

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2209035A (en) * 1938-11-26 1940-07-23 Nobilium Products Inc Refractory investment
JPS5992144A (ja) * 1982-11-18 1984-05-28 Taisei Shika Kogyo Kk 精密鋳造用埋没材組成物
EP0916430A1 (fr) * 1997-11-14 1999-05-19 Shera-Werkstofftechnologie Gmbh Procédé pour le contrôle de l'expansion de matériau pour le moulage de précision et utilisation du dit matériau

Family Cites Families (6)

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JPS579554A (en) * 1980-06-20 1982-01-19 Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd Mold material
US4591385A (en) * 1984-06-04 1986-05-27 Aremco Products, Inc. Die material and method of using same
JPS63141906A (ja) * 1986-12-03 1988-06-14 G C Dental Ind Corp 歯科鋳造用埋没材
DE3930750A1 (de) * 1989-09-14 1991-03-28 Krupp Medizintechnik Gusseinbettmasse, einbettmassenmodell, gussform und verfahren zur verhinderung des aufbluehens von einbettmassenmodellen und gussformen aus einer gusseinbettmasse
DE4210004A1 (de) * 1992-03-27 1993-09-30 Joachim Pajenkamp Verfahren und keramische Gußform zur Herstellung von dentalen Gußwerkstücken aus Titan und keramisierbare Zusammensetzung für die Herstellung einer keramischen Gußform zur Herstellung von dentalen Gußwerkstücken aus Titan
RU2061572C1 (ru) * 1992-12-21 1996-06-10 Александр Васильевич Климкин Самотвердеющая смесь для изготовления литейных форм и стержней

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2209035A (en) * 1938-11-26 1940-07-23 Nobilium Products Inc Refractory investment
JPS5992144A (ja) * 1982-11-18 1984-05-28 Taisei Shika Kogyo Kk 精密鋳造用埋没材組成物
EP0916430A1 (fr) * 1997-11-14 1999-05-19 Shera-Werkstofftechnologie Gmbh Procédé pour le contrôle de l'expansion de matériau pour le moulage de précision et utilisation du dit matériau

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 203 (M - 326) 18 September 1984 (1984-09-18) *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004098811A1 (fr) * 2003-05-09 2004-11-18 Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh Matiere a mouler, piece moulee et procede de fabrication de pieces moulees pour un moule
EP1837069A1 (fr) * 2006-03-20 2007-09-26 Amann Girrbach GmbH Dispositif de dosage destiné au mélange de une ou plusieurs substances poudreuses et/ou liquides pour techniques dentaires
WO2011064230A1 (fr) 2009-11-27 2011-06-03 Basf Se Composition de revêtement pour particules de mousse
WO2012019988A1 (fr) 2010-08-09 2012-02-16 Basf Se Matériaux stables à hautes températures et à l'humidité présentant des propriétés d'isolation améliorées à base de mousses et de silicates dispersés
US9603683B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2017-03-28 Bego Bremer Goldschlagerei Wilh. Herbst Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for producing a dental restoration by CAD casting
DE102010064142A1 (de) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Dental-Restauration mittels CAD-Cast-Verfahren
DE102010064142B4 (de) * 2010-12-23 2019-06-13 BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co. KG Einbettmasse zur Verwendung in einem Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Dental-Restauration mittels CAD-Cast-Verfahren
DE102013109039A1 (de) 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 SHERA Werkstoff-Technologie GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Präzisionsgussteilen für dentalmedizinische Anwendungen
DE102012113073A1 (de) * 2012-12-22 2014-07-10 Ask Chemicals Gmbh Formstoffmischungen enthaltend Aluminiumoxide und/oder Aluminium/Silizium-Mischoxide in partikulärer Form
DE102012113074A1 (de) * 2012-12-22 2014-07-10 Ask Chemicals Gmbh Formstoffmischungen enthaltend Metalloxide des Aluminiums und Zirkoniums in partikulärer Form
US10259035B2 (en) 2012-12-22 2019-04-16 Ask Chemicals Gmbh Molding material mixtures containing aluminum/silicon oxides in particulate form
US10294161B2 (en) 2012-12-22 2019-05-21 Ask Chemicals Gmbh Molding material mixtures containing metal oxides of aluminum and zirconium in particulate form
EP2881078A1 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-06-10 SHERA-Werkstofftechnologie GmbH & Co.KG Matière d'enrobage céramique et procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées de précision

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1043094B1 (fr) 2008-12-24
DE59914938D1 (de) 2009-02-05

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