EP1038103A1 - Windkraftanlage und verfahren zur kühlung eines generators einer windkraftanlage - Google Patents

Windkraftanlage und verfahren zur kühlung eines generators einer windkraftanlage

Info

Publication number
EP1038103A1
EP1038103A1 EP98963392A EP98963392A EP1038103A1 EP 1038103 A1 EP1038103 A1 EP 1038103A1 EP 98963392 A EP98963392 A EP 98963392A EP 98963392 A EP98963392 A EP 98963392A EP 1038103 A1 EP1038103 A1 EP 1038103A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
generator
cooling air
air flow
cooling
wind power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98963392A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Oskar Schneider
Norbert Keyssner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1038103A1 publication Critical patent/EP1038103A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/60—Cooling or heating of wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7066—Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/201—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by impingement of a fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/202—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by film cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/205—Cooling fluid recirculation, i.e. after having cooled one or more components the cooling fluid is recovered and used elsewhere for other purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind turbine, comprising a tower, a turbine and a generator.
  • the invention further relates to a method for cooling a generator of a wind turbine.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a wind turbine with effective generator cooling. Another object of the invention is to provide a method for cooling a generator of a wind turbine.
  • the task aimed at specifying a wind power plant is achieved by a wind power plant, comprising a tower in or on which a duct is provided and a turbine by means of which a generator can be operated, a cooling air stream cooling the generator being able to be generated in the duct by means of a chimney effect.
  • a major advantage of such a wind power plant is its particularly high cooling capacity.
  • a large mass flow of cooling air is used to cool the generator.
  • the channel preferably extends substantially vertically.
  • the tower preferably has a solid tower wall and is hollow, the channel being formed by the tower wall.
  • This embodiment allows the chimney effect to be used for generator cooling in a particularly simple manner, in that an already existing tower is used as a channel for the chimney effect.
  • a separate channel can also be provided, e.g. a tube, which is arranged in a tower made of lattice struts.
  • the generator is preferably connected to the turbine without a gear.
  • the generator is further preferably mounted in a bearing plate, with a gap between the generator and the bearing plate which is open to the environment and through which remains
  • Gap of the cooling air flow can be removed.
  • a power electronics unit is preferably arranged in the channel, in particular near the floor. In gearless wind turbines, there is a need to electronically process the electricity generated by the generator to a suitable grid frequency. The power electronics required for this generate a considerable amount of heat. This amount of heat can be used favorably to enhance the chimney effect. The chimney effect can be amplified particularly when the power electronics are located near the bottom of the tower.
  • the power electronics unit is advantageously also cooled by the cooling air flow generated.
  • the power electronics unit is preferably a frequency converter.
  • the cooling air flow can be directed to the generator in such a way that it is cooled particularly efficiently.
  • the generator is preferably arranged in the channel, preferably near the ground.
  • a wind turbine in which the generator is arranged on the bottom of a solid and hollow tower, it is not possible to cool the generator behind the wind turbine using the air flow caused by the wind turbine. Cooling via a cooling air flow generated by the chimney effect is particularly effective here.
  • a filter for filtering the cooling air flow is preferably present.
  • a filter By guiding the cooling air flow in a duct, a filter can be provided in a simple manner with which the cooling air flow can be cleaned. This better protects the generator from dirt and corrosion.
  • the generator is further preferably coolable by means of a closed cooling circuit, a heat exchanger which can be cooled by the cooling air flow being arranged in the cooling circuit.
  • a heat exchanger which can be cooled by the cooling air flow being arranged in the cooling circuit.
  • the method of cooling a generator of a wind turbine is solved by a method of cooling a generator of a wind turbine, in which a turbine arranged on a tower generates a generator.
  • Tor drives, and wherein a cooling air flow is generated in a channel provided in or on the tower by a chimney effect, which cools the generator.
  • the cooling air flow preferably cools the generator directly.
  • the cooling air flow further preferably cools a heat exchanger which is integrated in a closed cooling circuit via which the generator is cooled.
  • a power electronics unit arranged in the duct preferably enhances the chimney effect by heating the air in the duct.
  • the cooling air flow is more preferably filtered.
  • FIG. 2 shows a wind turbine with indirect cooling of the generator by the cooling air flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a wind turbine 1.
  • a wind turbine 4 is arranged on a horizontal axis 4A.
  • a hub 4B Arranged on a hub 4B are two rotor blades 4C lying opposite one another and only partially shown.
  • An approximately circular disk-shaped bearing plate 8 adjoins the hub 4B concentrically with the axis 4A.
  • the bearing plate 8 comprises a generator 5 which is also arranged concentrically to the axis 4A.
  • Tor 5 remains an annular gap 9.
  • an air guide 11 is arranged, for example an arrangement of suitably oriented baffles.
  • the tower 2 has a tower wall 7. This is solid.
  • the tower 2 is hollow and bent at its upper end 2B towards the axis 4A.
  • a vertical channel 3 is formed by the tower wall 7, which leads to the lower end of the tower 2, the tower base 2A, up to the generator 5.
  • a power electronics unit 10 for frequency conversion is arranged in the tower base 2A in the vicinity of the floor 35.
  • wind 36 drives the turbine 4.
  • the rotation of the turbine 4 is transmitted to the generator 5.
  • no gearbox is connected between turbine 4 and generator 5.
  • the generator 5 thus generates electricity at the frequency of the rotating turbine 4.
  • frequency conversion takes place in the power electronics unit 10.
  • This emits heat to the surrounding air in duct 3.
  • This increases the chimney effect in duct 3.
  • a cooling air flow 6 is generated.
  • the cooling air flow 6 rises to the upper end of the tower 2 and is deflected towards the generator 5.
  • the air-guiding device 11 serves to efficiently flow the cooling air flow 6 around the generator 5.
  • the cooling air flow 6 emerges from the gap 9 into the environment.
  • a filter 12 arranged in the channel 3 serves to clean the cooling air flow 6 from e.g. Dust or salt. This reduces contamination or corrosion of the generator 5.
  • the cooling by means of the chimney effect is very effective due to a large cooling air mass flow.
  • the generator 5 is not cooled directly with the cooling air flow 6, but via a heat exchanger 14 arranged in the duct 3 at the upper end 2B of the tower 2.
  • This heat exchanger 14 is integrated in a closed cooling circuit 13.
  • the generator 5 is cooled via the cooling circuit 13, that is to say indirectly via the cooling air flow 6. This makes it possible to completely separate the generator from the ambient air. This reduces harmful corrosive influences on generator components, in particular when the wind turbine 1 is installed in salty ambient air.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
EP98963392A 1997-12-08 1998-12-08 Windkraftanlage und verfahren zur kühlung eines generators einer windkraftanlage Withdrawn EP1038103A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19754349 1997-12-08
DE19754349 1997-12-08
PCT/DE1998/003606 WO1999030031A1 (de) 1997-12-08 1998-12-08 Windkraftanlage und verfahren zur kühlung eines generators einer windkraftanlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1038103A1 true EP1038103A1 (de) 2000-09-27

Family

ID=7851091

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98963392A Withdrawn EP1038103A1 (de) 1997-12-08 1998-12-08 Windkraftanlage und verfahren zur kühlung eines generators einer windkraftanlage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1038103A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001526357A (zh)
CN (1) CN1279746A (zh)
WO (1) WO1999030031A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

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US7687932B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2010-03-30 High Technology Investments B.V. Wind power generator and bearing structure therefor
CN110905741A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-03-24 湘电风能有限公司 一种风力发电机组主轴承和轮毂的冷却和加热系统

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DE10145414B4 (de) * 2001-09-14 2013-09-12 Aloys Wobben Verfahren zur Errichtung einer Windenergieanlage, Windenergieanlage
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CN103670955A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-03-26 一重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 一种兆瓦级直驱风机的冷却装置
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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7687932B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2010-03-30 High Technology Investments B.V. Wind power generator and bearing structure therefor
US7893555B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2011-02-22 Wilic S.Ar.L. Wind power current generator
CN110905741A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-03-24 湘电风能有限公司 一种风力发电机组主轴承和轮毂的冷却和加热系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001526357A (ja) 2001-12-18
WO1999030031A1 (de) 1999-06-17
CN1279746A (zh) 2001-01-10

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