EP1037232B1 - Appareil de commutation à haute tension avec montage en série d'au moins deux interrupteurs sous vide pour le fonctionnement de l'appareil de commutation à haute tension - Google Patents

Appareil de commutation à haute tension avec montage en série d'au moins deux interrupteurs sous vide pour le fonctionnement de l'appareil de commutation à haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1037232B1
EP1037232B1 EP00104869A EP00104869A EP1037232B1 EP 1037232 B1 EP1037232 B1 EP 1037232B1 EP 00104869 A EP00104869 A EP 00104869A EP 00104869 A EP00104869 A EP 00104869A EP 1037232 B1 EP1037232 B1 EP 1037232B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
vacuum
vacuum switching
chamber
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00104869A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1037232A3 (fr
EP1037232A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Dipl.-Ing. Betz
Ralf Dr.-Ing. Heinemeyer
Dieter Prof. Dr.-Ing. König
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ABB Patent GmbH
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ABB Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP1037232A3 publication Critical patent/EP1037232A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H01H33/143—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc of different construction or type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • H01H2033/566—Avoiding the use of SF6

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage switching device with series connection of at least two vacuum interrupters according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for operating the high-voltage switching device.
  • the invention can be used for example in gas-insulated switchgear.
  • high voltage in this context means the voltage range above 1000 V.
  • the series arrangement of vacuum interrupters is applied in special cases on the basis of two basic principles, in an uncontrolled design according to H. Fink, E. Sonnenschein, SF6-isolated 52 kV medium voltage switchgear with vacuum switch, etz, Vol. 115 (1994 ) H. 11, pp 622-626 and using control capacitors.
  • the uncontrolled design focuses on the use of the vacuum switching principle in voltage levels above 36 kV, realized by a series arrangement of two vacuum interrupters (standard chambers) limited to the rated voltage of 36 kV. From an economic point of view, an unavoidable taxation due to scattering phenomena (stray capacitances) becomes possible with regard to the potential distribution accepted.
  • the design of the series arrangement must therefore be carried out according to the most heavily loaded vacuum interrupter chamber due to the inhomogeneous stress distribution, while the other vacuum interrupter chamber is exposed to a lower voltage stress and thus is not optimally utilized.
  • An example of a series arrangement of two vacuum interrupters with control capacitors is the use in the traction power supply with a frequency of 16 2/3 Hz. Compared to the arc times of 10 ms / 8.3 ms occurring at 50 Hz / 60 Hz, the contact paths are claimed 16 2/3 Hz with arc times of 30 ms.
  • the associated comparatively high thermal stress and the resulting greatly increased burnup leads to a strong reduction in the dielectric strength in the off-state. This effect is counteracted by applying for rated voltages of e.g. 17.5 kV two vacuum interrupters connected in series and additionally taxed capacitively.
  • Document US 3 708 638 shows a high voltage switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a high-voltage switching device with series connection of at least two vacuum interrupters of the type mentioned, which is optimally loaded with respect to the voltage load.
  • the achievable with the present invention consist in particular in that the voltage distribution is achieved on the basis of a natural, exclusively influenced by the intrinsic and stray capacitive voltage distribution and without additional control capacity. This eliminates the resulting during re-ignition and re-ignition of a vacuum interrupter and the control capacity flowing equalizing currents whose amplitudes increase with increasing control capacity, thus leading to a heating of the contact pieces of the vacuum interrupters and finally reduce the breaking capacity.
  • a particular advantage is the ability to solve the task of mastering switching cases (KurzInstitutausschaltZ, EinschaltZ) regardless of the task of mastering the dielectric requirements by a suitable choice of vacuum interrupters.
  • the arc behavior can be directly influenced and thus allows the introduction of a separate degree of freedom for the interpretation of both the dielectric behavior and the turn-off behavior under arc influence.
  • the proposed measures lead by combining different vacuum interrupters with different size (different nominal voltage, different breaking current) and / or different contact piece design (different contact piece diameter, different contact spacing of the contact pieces, different contact piece types) and generally different self-capacitance to different arc behavior.
  • different vacuum interrupters with different size (different nominal voltage, different breaking current) and / or different contact piece design (different contact piece diameter, different contact spacing of the contact pieces, different contact piece types) and generally different self-capacitance to different arc behavior.
  • a high voltage switchgear has two main tasks to deal with. On the one hand, it must withstand the dielectric stresses with open contacts, on the other hand, the thermal and mechanical effects in the elimination of a short-circuit arc dominate and resist after successful deletion of this short-circuit current of the recurrent voltage in the form of a transient transient.
  • the associated period of time extends over several 100 microseconds and, in the case of the arrangement in series, is demonstrably characterized by the choice of the capacitive circuitry and the plasma events inside the switching chamber.
  • a targeted influence on the transient processes following the end of the arc period should be achieved by different design of the vacuum interrupters and the contact pieces, by measures on the drive and by using different arc characteristics.
  • the ability of a series circuit should be particularly exploited that in the case of re-ignition of a switching chamber, the unaffected switching chamber can take over the entire voltage stress. This is referred to below as a takeover process and represents a particular advantage for the capacitive switching to control reignitions.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the series circuit of vacuum interrupters for high voltage switching devices using the example of a Heidelbergerpols shown.
  • a first vacuum switching chamber 1 and a second vacuum switching chamber 2 are connected in series between a high-voltage side terminal 3 and a ground-side terminal 4. Between the common connection point 5 of both vacuum switching chambers 1, 2 and the ground-side terminal 4 occurs to be considered stray capacitance Cst.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified equivalent circuit for potential distribution.
  • the self-capacitance CE1 of the first vacuum switching chamber 1 is in series with the parallel circuit formed of the self-capacitance CE2 of the second vacuum interrupter chamber 2 and the stray capacitance Cst.
  • the invention is based on the principle of a series arrangement of two or more different vacuum interrupters 1, 2 as the heart of a high voltage switching device.
  • both the inherent capacitances and the arc behavior of the two different vacuum interrupters can be advantageously combined with regard to the voltage stress and the extinction capability of the series arrangement.
  • a special feature of the invention is the design of the high voltage side terminal 3 lying first vacuum interrupter chamber 1 with a larger contact piece diameter and thus an increased self-capacitance CE1.
  • the second vacuum switching chamber 2 connected to the ground-side terminal 4 has a comparatively smaller contact piece diameter with correspondingly comparatively lower inherent capacitance CE2, but is supplemented in the installed state by the stray capacitance Cst effective against ground potential. If appropriate Choice of the vacuum switch chamber types, therefore, this influence of the stray capacitances can be minimized or completely eliminated. The condition for this is: CE 1 ⁇ CE 2 + cst ,
  • Another advantage of the series arrangement of at least two vacuum interrupters 1, 2 is that a re-ignition of a vacuum interrupter chamber does not necessarily lead to the re-ignition of the entire switch pole. This is due to the time of reclosure far advanced dielectric strength of the unaffected switching chamber. Especially in the case of capacitive switching, due to the appropriate selection of the series-connected, different vacuum interrupters results in the optimized ability of the voltage pickup.
  • a different arc behavior can be enforced by staggered opening of the contacts of at least two vacuum interrupters.
  • both the contacts of the upper vacuum interrupter chamber 1 and the lower vacuum interrupter chamber 2 can be opened with a time delay.
  • staggered switching on and off of the vacuum interrupters 1, 2 results in a desired manner a targeted distribution of the switching stress on both vacuum interrupters, expressed by the adjusting by this measure at the respective vacuum interrupter proportion of recurring after a switching voltage.
  • the voltage distribution in the case of pure dielectric voltage stresses can be influenced in the desired favorable manner.
  • a voltage / time diagram for explaining the phenomenon of a voltage transfer by a vacuum interrupter chamber at a re-ignition of the further vacuum interrupter chamber is shown. It is the course of the transient voltages U as a function of time t to recognize. At time 0, the mains voltage recurring after successful arc quenching begins in the form of a transient transient voltage U3. About the series arrangement, the dotted Total injured voltage divides U3 so that a dash-dotted Operaeinschwingscience U1 and a Parteinschwingmechanical U2 (solid line) is formed. At time t1, reignition occurs at the first (upper) vacuum switching chamber 1.
  • the second (lower) vacuum interrupter chamber 2 takes over the entire voltage stress at this point in time t1, ie the total transient voltage U3 effective at this point in time. Subsequently, the upper vacuum interrupter chamber 1 solidifies and can again assume a small proportion of the total voltage U3.
  • the switch-off behavior of the series connection can be attributed to the singular behavior of the individual vacuum interrupters, taking into account the potential distribution.
  • the potential distribution is determined in the first microsecond of the transient voltage due to effects of the post-current arc by ohmic (plasma) resistors, which describe the process of reconsolidation within the switching path. After a few microseconds, this plasma resistance has already grown so much that the intrinsic and stray capacitances determine the voltage distribution over both switching paths.
  • the voltage distribution is significantly influenced by the stray capacitance Cst of the (lower) vacuum interrupter chamber 2 to earth, d. H. the stray capacitance Cst acts in the sense of a precontrol (but without the disadvantages explained above).

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Appareil de commutation à haute tension avec montage en série d'au moins deux chambres de commutation sous vide (1, 2) qui sont différentes par leurs dimensions et/ou la configuration des pièces de contact, à savoir le diamètre de ces pièces, la distances les séparant, leurs types, avec au moins une chambre d'un premier type et au moins une chambre d'un second type, le choix des chambres (1, 2) s'effectuant de sorte que des réamorçages ou des arcs en retour d'une chambre du premier type sont contrôlés par au moins une chambre de l'autre type, la chambre de commutation sous vide (1) reliée au raccordement (3) situé du côté haute tension présentant une capacité propre (CE1) plus élevée que la chambre de commutation sous vide (2) reliée au raccordement à la terre (4), caractérisé en ce que la somme de la capacité propre (CE2) de la chambre de commutation sous vide (2) reliée au raccordement à la terre (4) et de la capacité de fuite efficace (Cst) par rapport au potentiel de terre est à peu près égale à la capacité propre (CE1) de la chambre de commutation sous vide (1) reliée au raccordement (3) situé du côté de la haute tension.
  2. Appareil de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est incorporé à une installation de commutation isolée des gaz.
  3. Appareil de commutation selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'isolation de la chambre d'extinction par rapport au boîtier est assurée par du SF6, de l'azote, de l'air ou un autre isolant gazeux ou liquide.
  4. Procédé pour faire fonctionner l'appareil de commutation à haute tension selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pièces de contact d'au moins deux chambres de commutation sous vide (1, 2) ont leurs ouvertures décalées dans le temps.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les pièces de contact de la chambre de commutation sous vide (1) reliée au raccordement (3) situé du côté haute tension ont leurs ouvertures temporisées.
EP00104869A 1999-03-17 2000-03-07 Appareil de commutation à haute tension avec montage en série d'au moins deux interrupteurs sous vide pour le fonctionnement de l'appareil de commutation à haute tension Expired - Lifetime EP1037232B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19912022 1999-03-17
DE19912022A DE19912022B4 (de) 1999-03-17 1999-03-17 Hochspannungsschaltgerät mit Serienschaltung von mindestens zwei Vakuumschaltkammern und Verfahren zum Betrieb des Hochspannungsschallgerätes

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1037232A2 EP1037232A2 (fr) 2000-09-20
EP1037232A3 EP1037232A3 (fr) 2001-07-25
EP1037232B1 true EP1037232B1 (fr) 2006-09-13

Family

ID=7901387

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00104869A Expired - Lifetime EP1037232B1 (fr) 1999-03-17 2000-03-07 Appareil de commutation à haute tension avec montage en série d'au moins deux interrupteurs sous vide pour le fonctionnement de l'appareil de commutation à haute tension

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6498315B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1037232B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4489900B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1273430A (fr)
DE (2) DE19912022B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (17)

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DE19958646C2 (de) * 1999-12-06 2001-12-06 Abb T & D Tech Ltd Hybridleistungsschalter
DE10048838B4 (de) * 2000-09-30 2008-09-18 Abb Ag Kapazitive Steuerung mindestens einer Vakuum-Schaltkammer
JP2004519836A (ja) 2001-05-30 2004-07-02 アーベーベー・パテント・ゲーエムベーハー 少なくとも１つのバキュームブレーカギャップのための制御装置
DE10138284A1 (de) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-27 Zeiss Carl Beleuchtungssystem mit genesteten Kollektoren
ATE341829T1 (de) * 2002-03-15 2006-10-15 Abb Schweiz Ag Energieverteilungsnetz
CA2469778A1 (fr) * 2004-06-04 2005-12-04 Pierre Couture Modules de commutation pour l'extraction/injection de courant (sans reference de terre ou de phase) au niveau d'une ligne ht groupee
DE102006004811A1 (de) * 2006-01-26 2007-08-09 Siemens Ag Elektrisches Schaltgerät mit Potentialsteuerung
CN101728140B (zh) * 2008-10-27 2012-04-18 国网电力科学研究院 一种高压、超高压大电流断路器
US8471166B1 (en) 2011-01-24 2013-06-25 Michael David Glaser Double break vacuum interrupter
US8890019B2 (en) 2011-02-05 2014-11-18 Roger Webster Faulkner Commutating circuit breaker
US8466385B1 (en) 2011-04-07 2013-06-18 Michael David Glaser Toroidal vacuum interrupter for modular multi-break switchgear
EP2549503A1 (fr) 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 ABB Technology AG Interrupteur sous vide avec commande simple et intervalle double intégré
CN102779681B (zh) * 2012-08-03 2015-04-15 库柏(宁波)电气有限公司 一种真空断路器的操作方法
EP2722859B2 (fr) 2012-10-16 2019-08-28 ABB Schweiz AG Disjoncteur sous vide hybride multi-blocs ayant des interrupteurs sous vide connectés en série
CN103325609B (zh) * 2013-05-31 2016-04-13 陈波 中压投切电容器组用真空开关
WO2015112796A1 (fr) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. Interrupteur d'isolement électromécanique ultrarapide
DE102019212106A1 (de) * 2019-08-13 2021-02-18 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Schaltgeräte mit zwei in Reihe geschalteten Unterbrechereinheiten

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1273430A (zh) 2000-11-15
EP1037232A3 (fr) 2001-07-25
DE19912022A1 (de) 2000-09-21
DE19912022B4 (de) 2009-02-12
US6498315B1 (en) 2002-12-24
EP1037232A2 (fr) 2000-09-20
DE50013445D1 (de) 2006-10-26
JP2000294091A (ja) 2000-10-20
JP4489900B2 (ja) 2010-06-23

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