EP1034553A1 - Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur a courant alternatif - Google Patents

Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur a courant alternatif

Info

Publication number
EP1034553A1
EP1034553A1 EP98961142A EP98961142A EP1034553A1 EP 1034553 A1 EP1034553 A1 EP 1034553A1 EP 98961142 A EP98961142 A EP 98961142A EP 98961142 A EP98961142 A EP 98961142A EP 1034553 A1 EP1034553 A1 EP 1034553A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
digital module
input
switch
output
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98961142A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1034553B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Obrecht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to EP98961142A priority Critical patent/EP1034553B1/fr
Publication of EP1034553A1 publication Critical patent/EP1034553A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1034553B1 publication Critical patent/EP1034553B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
    • H01H9/167—Circuits for remote indication

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit for monitoring an AC switch of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such circuits are used, for example, in devices for the control and monitoring of the burner and the ignition device of oil and gas firing systems and for monitoring switches for actuators, such as fuel valves and ventilation flaps, with a microprocessor evaluating the information supplied via line voltage-carrying signal lines and issuing corresponding control commands.
  • a microprocessor evaluating the information supplied via line voltage-carrying signal lines and issuing corresponding control commands.
  • switch-off capability of the switching devices that switch safety-critical loads such as a fuel valve must be checked frequently in order to be able to detect a malfunction of the switching device before a dangerous situation arises.
  • a control device for oil burners according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, in which information about the switching states of relay and sensor contacts are transmitted to a microprocessor by means of an amplifier.
  • the switching states of the relay contacts are fed via signaling lines carrying line voltage to an amplifier which is connected on the output side to an input of the microprocessor, so that the microprocessor must have a number of inputs corresponding to the number of amplifiers.
  • Isolators such as e.g. are used for the electrical isolation of the signal lines and the microprocessor.
  • Optocoupler or transmitter used. There is one isolator per signal voltage.
  • the microprocessor is programmed to perform a number of tests to determine whether a system with switched consumers is actually going through a switch-on phase in the correct way. For this purpose, signals are read in by the microprocessor and compared with setpoints. In the event of a faulty consumer status, the microprocessor switches the consumers off.
  • mains voltage-carrying signal lines are connected via optocouplers to an interrogation unit of an AC voltage detector.
  • the signal lines are each connected to the optocoupler via a low-pass filter, which consists of a resistor and a capacitor connected in series with it.
  • the switching states of the AC switches are queried and saved via the signal lines.
  • the switching states are compared with a target state - open or closed - and then a switch state signal is formed which contains at least one piece of information - error or no error - in total for all AC switches that occur.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a circuit for monitoring an AC switch with which a load can be switched to a mains voltage, which can be fed relative to the zero point of the mains voltage and whose safety-relevant components can be checked for correct functionality at any time during continuous operation of the circuit.
  • FIG. 5 shows a first extension of the circuit
  • FIG. 6 shows a second extension of the circuit
  • the circuit 1 shows a circuit 1 for monitoring an AC switch 2.
  • the circuit 1 is fed by a mains voltage U PN lying between a phase P and a zero point N.
  • the AC switch 2 can, for example, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1, switch a load 3 to the mains voltage Up N.
  • the AC switch 2 and the load 3 are connected in series, a connection of the AC switch 2 being connected to the phase P and a connection of the load 3 being connected to the zero point N.
  • the tap between the AC switch 2 and the load 3 is connected to an input 4 of the circuit 1.
  • the AC switch 2 can also be a switch whose position - open or closed - serves as a signal or control signal.
  • the AC switch 2 is an overtemperature switch that opens as soon as a predetermined temperature is exceeded, or that the AC switch 2 is a limit switch that opens (or closes) as soon as a device reaches a predetermined position.
  • the load 3 is simply to be imagined in FIG. 1.
  • the one connection of the AC switch 2 is thus connected to the phase P of the line voltage Up N and the other connection is connected to the input 4 of the circuit 1.
  • the circuit 1 which has the usual supply voltage connections V DD and V S s, is supplied in a known manner, for example with a voltage part formed from a diode 5, a resistor 6, a Zener diode 7 and a capacitor 8, from the voltage U PN , the supply voltage connection V S s being connected to the zero point N.
  • the supply of the circuit 1 can also on another type, for example by means of a transformer with subsequent rectification, stabilization and galvanic coupling to the zero point N.
  • the input 4 is connected via a diode 9 and a first resistor 10 to a high-resistance input 11 of a first digital module 12.
  • a second resistor 13 connects the high-impedance input 11 to an output 14 of a second digital module 15.
  • the input 11 and the output 14 of the two digital modules 12 and 15 are, as usual, connected to the supply voltage V DD and the zero point N via protective diodes 16.
  • the interrogation of the position of the alternating current switch 2 and the execution of a component test on the functionality of the components 9, 10 and 13 can be carried out in time-separated methods or by means of a common method.
  • the state of the AC switch 2 - open or closed - can be queried without checking the components by connecting the output 14 of the digital module 15 to the zero point N.
  • 2 shows for the two states AC switch 2 closed or open as a function of time t: a) the voltage curve at the input of diode 9, b) the voltage curve at the output of diode 9, c) the voltage curve at input 11 of the first digital module 12, d) the scanning pulses, e) binary signals 0 or 1 at the output 17 (FIG. 1) of the first digital module 12, which result from the scanning of the voltage present at the input 11 of the first digital module 12 with the scanning pulses.
  • the voltage curve is at the input 11 of the first digital component 12 when the AC switch 2 is closed practically rectangular and in phase with the voltage U PN .
  • the resistors 10 and 13 act as voltage dividers. With each scanning pulse, a binary signal 0 or 1 appears at the output 17 of the first digital module 12, which indicates whether the voltage at the input 11 is lower or higher than a threshold voltage U s of 2.5 V, for example, specified by the input 11.
  • the further evaluation of the sampling can take place, for example, by summing the signals 0 or 1 occurring during a certain time period, the time period being longer than half a network period. When AC switch 2 is open, this sum must be zero. When AC switch 2 is closed, this sum must on the one hand result in a finite, non-zero value, and on the other hand the values of the signal must contain both values 0 and 1 within the said time period.
  • a positive voltage is applied to the output 14 of the second digital module 15, which is greater than the threshold value voltage U s . If the resistor 13 is intact, then the voltage at the input 11 of the first digital module 12 is also greater than the threshold voltage Us. The period of time during which the positive at output 14
  • Voltage is present is greater than a network half-wave and shorter than a network full-wave.
  • a component fault occurs when the signals appearing at the output 17 of the first digital module 12 do not correspond to the expected signals, as will now be explained in more detail.
  • 3 a and 3 b show in the case of the intact or the short-circuited diode 9 again for the two states AC switch 2 closed or open in function of the time t: a) the voltage curve at the output of the diode 9, b) the Voltage curve at the output 14 of the second digital module 15, c) the voltage curve at the input 11 of the first digital module 12, d) the scanning pulses, and e) the signals at the output 17 of the first digital module 12.
  • the voltage at the input 11 of the first digital module 12 is independent of the voltage at the output 14 of the second digital module 15.
  • the signals at the output 17 of the first digital module 12 are then in phase with the voltage on Input 4 of circuit 1.
  • the voltage at the input 11 of the first digital module 12 depends only on the voltage at the output 14 of the second digital module 15 and on whether the resistor 13 is intact or interrupted. If the resistor 13 is intact, then the voltage at the output 17 of the first digital module 12 must be in phase with the voltage at the output 14 of the second digital module 15. If the resistor 13 is interrupted, then only signals 0 may appear at the output 17 of the first digital module 12.
  • the first column symbolically shows whether the AC switch 2 is open or closed and whether the diode 9 and the resistors 10 and 13 are intact or not.
  • the number N in the second column indicates how many signals with the value 1 appear at the output 17 of the first digital module 12 if there are twenty sampling pulses per full wave and if the voltage at the output 14 of the second digital module 15 during a period of time, the fourteen sampling pulses includes, above the threshold voltage U s .
  • the output 14 of the second digital module 15 normally carries the level of the zero point N, but is set to the higher frequency R at regular intervals for the duration of a single scanning pulse, at which the voltage at the input 11 of the first digital module 12 exceeds the threshold voltage U s exceeds.
  • M sampling pulses are generated and the binary samples at the output 17 of the first digital module 12 are summed up to the sum Z.
  • the diagrams show for the two states AC switch 2 closed or open as a function of time t: a) the voltage curve at the output of the diode 9, b) the voltage curve at the output 14 of the second digital module 15, c) the voltage curve at the input 11 of the first Digital module 12, d) the scanning pulses, and e) the signals at the output 17 of the first digital module 12.
  • FIG. 5 shows an extension of the circuit 1, with which several AC switches 2 can be monitored.
  • the special feature of this circuit is that the second resistors 13 are all routed to a common output 14.
  • transistor stages 18, 19 are used here.
  • FIG. 6 shows an expansion of the circuit 1 in which the input 11 of the first digital module 12 can also be switched as an output and the output 14 of the second digital module 15 can also be switched as an input.
  • the input 11 and the output 14 are thus bidirectional ports 20, 21.
  • the connection of the first resistor 10 is now connected to the first port 20 via a resistor 22 and to the second port 21 via a further resistor 23.
  • the circuit structure with respect to the ports 20, 21 is therefore symmetrical, so that the function of the ports 20, 21 - "input” or "output” - is interchangeable. Therefore, by repeating the tests, with the wiring of the two ports 20, 21 swapped as the input or output, the functionality of the digital modules 12 and 15 can also be checked.
  • the circuit 1 offers the advantage over known circuits that, when the AC switch 2 is open, capacitively coupled AC voltages are suppressed as a result of parasitic line capacitances.
  • the injected AC voltage is rectified by the diode 9.
  • the line capacitances are polarized as a result, so that the injected AC voltage is shifted by DC in terms of the peak value of the injected AC voltage.
  • the diode 9 is arranged in such a way that the injected AC voltage has a negative DC voltage component. AC voltages coupled in capacitively can therefore not influence the signals at the output 17 of the first digital module 12.

Landscapes

  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit (1) de surveillance de l'état (ouvert ou fermé) d'un commutateur à courant alternatif (2), qui comprend une entrée (4), connectée par l'intermédiaire d'une diode (9) et d'une première résistance (10) à une entrée (11) de valeur ohmique élevée d'un premier module numérique (12). Une des connexions du commutateur à courant alternatif (2) est reliée à la phase (P) d'une tension de réseau (UPN), l'autre connexion étant reliée à l'entrée (4) du circuit (1). L'entrée (11) de valeur ohmique élevée du premier module numérique (12) est connectée par l'intermédiaire d'une seconde résistance (13) à une sortie (14) d'un second module numérique (15). Après un certain temps prédéterminé, la sortie (14) du second module numérique (15) est connectée au point neutre (N) de la tension de réseau (UPN) ou guide une tension supérieure à la tension seuil (US) de l'entrée (11) du premier module numérique (12). Au niveau de la sortie (17) du premier module numérique (12), qui est associée à l'entrée (11), il y a un signal d'où il est possible de dériver si le commutateur à courant alternatif (2) est fermé et si la diode (9) et la seconde résistance (13) sont intactes ou bien si le commutateur à courant alternatif (2) est ouvert.
EP98961142A 1997-11-25 1998-11-06 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur a courant alternatif Expired - Lifetime EP1034553B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98961142A EP1034553B1 (fr) 1997-11-25 1998-11-06 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur a courant alternatif

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97120590A EP0920038A1 (fr) 1997-11-25 1997-11-25 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur à courant alternatif
EP97120590 1997-11-25
PCT/EP1998/007086 WO1999027552A1 (fr) 1997-11-25 1998-11-06 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur a courant alternatif
EP98961142A EP1034553B1 (fr) 1997-11-25 1998-11-06 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur a courant alternatif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1034553A1 true EP1034553A1 (fr) 2000-09-13
EP1034553B1 EP1034553B1 (fr) 2002-02-27

Family

ID=8227675

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97120590A Withdrawn EP0920038A1 (fr) 1997-11-25 1997-11-25 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur à courant alternatif
EP98961142A Expired - Lifetime EP1034553B1 (fr) 1997-11-25 1998-11-06 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur a courant alternatif

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97120590A Withdrawn EP0920038A1 (fr) 1997-11-25 1997-11-25 Circuit de surveillance d'un commutateur à courant alternatif

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6486647B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP0920038A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4063494B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20010015834A (fr)
CN (1) CN1139950C (fr)
DE (1) DE59803231D1 (fr)
PL (1) PL191165B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2196370C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999027552A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2240742T3 (es) * 2001-03-20 2005-10-16 Pepperl + Fuchs Gmbh Procedimiento y dispositivo para la entrada de datos en un dispositivo electronico de tratamiento de datos.
JP2002310482A (ja) * 2001-04-10 2002-10-23 Toto Ltd 制御機器
ATE332568T1 (de) * 2003-02-28 2006-07-15 Cit Alcatel Verfahren zur überwachung eines elektrischen kontakts
CN100459000C (zh) * 2006-07-19 2009-02-04 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 爆炸开关状态检测装置
DE102006033705B3 (de) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-03 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Überprüfung einer Schalterstellung und Verwendung der Schaltungsanordnung
CN101523391A (zh) * 2006-10-06 2009-09-02 日本电气株式会社 信息检索系统和信息检索方法及程序
CN102187562B (zh) * 2008-10-16 2014-09-03 东芝三菱电机产业系统株式会社 功率转换装置
JP5744712B2 (ja) * 2011-12-15 2015-07-08 サムソン エレクトロ−メカニックス カンパニーリミテッド． 電力検波回路
CN104698394A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-06-10 施耐德万高（天津）电气设备有限公司 一种自动转换开关电器采样电路
DE102021111734A1 (de) 2021-05-06 2022-11-10 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Diagnosefähige Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Diagnose einer Schaltungsanordnung

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US4333049A (en) * 1979-05-21 1982-06-01 Takamisawa Cybernetics Co., Ltd. Inrush current measuring apparatus with instantaneous power interruption device
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DE3842169A1 (de) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Schaltungsanordnung mit einer fet-endstufe
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0920038A1 (fr) 1999-06-02
US6486647B1 (en) 2002-11-26
EP1034553B1 (fr) 2002-02-27
DE59803231D1 (de) 2002-04-04
PL191165B1 (pl) 2006-03-31
WO1999027552A1 (fr) 1999-06-03
JP4063494B2 (ja) 2008-03-19
KR20010015834A (ko) 2001-02-26
CN1139950C (zh) 2004-02-25
RU2196370C2 (ru) 2003-01-10
CN1279820A (zh) 2001-01-10
JP2002501279A (ja) 2002-01-15
PL340697A1 (en) 2001-02-26

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