EP1026451B1 - Mechanical device for smoke and heat outlet - Google Patents

Mechanical device for smoke and heat outlet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1026451B1
EP1026451B1 EP00101485A EP00101485A EP1026451B1 EP 1026451 B1 EP1026451 B1 EP 1026451B1 EP 00101485 A EP00101485 A EP 00101485A EP 00101485 A EP00101485 A EP 00101485A EP 1026451 B1 EP1026451 B1 EP 1026451B1
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Prior art keywords
gas
smoke
steam
vacuum pump
supplier
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1026451A1 (en
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Axel Dr.Rer.Nat.Habil. Kretzschmar
Günter Heideck
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F2007/001—Ventilation with exhausting air ducts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanical smoke and heat exhaust system for smoke extraction from structures, e.g. buildings, Tunnels and a. to escape for people with smoke and warmth and / or harmful gases or aerosols exposed areas and the emergency personnel have access to them or the fire brigade to enable targeted extinguishing attacks. Furthermore, damage to the constructional facilities including things contained therein become.
  • Smoke and heat exhaust systems are essentially in the EN-DIN 18232-1: 1998-01. With mechanical smoke extraction it becomes a derivative of smoke and heat from construction systems a pressure difference between a smoke section and the external environment of the building Plant generated. In addition, it is known to be built To protect against the ingress of smoke or generated by means of overpressure Discharge smoke safely.
  • Conventional mechanical smoke and heat exhaust systems essentially consist of a suction pressure generator, for example a smoke extraction fan, an energy supply for this and a smoke control system.
  • the smoke extract fans are installed at prescribed locations, usually in the roof or wall area of the building. According to the above DIN, such systems are to be set up so that they reliably discharge smoke and heat from the building over a period of approximately 20 minutes until the fire brigade arrives. If the fire brigade's approach routes are long, it only makes sense to set them up in conjunction with automatic extinguishing systems. The reason for this is that the performance of fans is limited. That is why smoke and heat extraction systems are only effective in the event of a fire. This performance restriction also has the consequence that the smoke section surfaces acc. the above-mentioned DIN are limited to 1600 m 2 .
  • the fire brigade in the event of a fire and also after the Fire fighting ventilation equipment used to smoke and Remove harmful gases from rooms. This is done both by blowing of fresh air as well as by extracting the smoke and harmful gases.
  • mobile smoke extraction systems are for example in the prospectus of Hale Products Europe GmbH.
  • the object is achieved by the features of the patent claim.
  • the sub-claims 2 to 6 show different installation and application options of the suction pressure generator and the gas or steam supplier.
  • the known variant of the fixed installation of the smoke and heat exhaust system on the building system is still a frequently practicable solution. If available, the suction side of the gas or steam jet vacuum pump is connected to the duct system provided for smoke extraction from the building system.
  • the performance of the smoke and heat extraction signal according to the invention also allows the suction side of the gas or steam jet vacuum pump to open directly into the room to be extracted. This is particularly important for large halls or atriums.
  • the subclaims 7 to 10 show examples of the use of different gas or steam suppliers.
  • the use of jet engines will be preferred because of their availability, relatively simple assembly and their uncomplicated mobile use.
  • gas or steam suppliers already present in the vicinity of the structures, such as, for. B. to use a compressed air system or a steam generator.
  • the latter will be advantageous if there is a combined heat and power plant or a steam-powered electrical power generator in the vicinity of the building to be smoked.
  • a liquid gas system can also be installed or used as a mobile gas supplier.
  • Another decisive advantage of the system according to the invention is in that the parts of the system that are exposed to smoke and temperature in the event of a fire have no moving parts.
  • the jet engine or the other above Gas or steam suppliers come with the fire gases not in contact as it only works with the gas or steam jet vacuum pump via a supply line, in the case of the jet engine only via its Exhaust pipe, are connected. A decrease in performance through influence hot combustion gases therefore do not occur.
  • the gas or steam jet vacuum pump not additionally burdened by hot fire gases, since they is designed so that the hot exhaust gases from a jet engine withstand.
  • a permanently installed smoke and heat exhaust system also works independently of electrical utilities.
  • the Gas or steam supplier started up by a fire alarm sensor and then works independently. This ensures safety, smoke and Heat extraction systems must have over the fire development phase Be used effectively until the fire can.
  • smoke and Heat extraction system is the mobile use of one of its components or both components of particular importance. That has the advantage, that there is little or no expenditure on the building itself, z. B. only the duct system required for smoke and heat dissipation are. If, as protected in subclaim 10, a gas or steam supplier is in the immediate vicinity of the building, only the gas or steam jet vacuum pump is required. It needs no further explanation that in this case the connection between the gas or steam jet vacuum pump and the gas or Steam suppliers are only produced in the case of use. This can generally be the case with the mobile use of a smoke and heat exhaust system according to the invention so be provided. But it is also conceivable that the smoke and Heat extraction system as a complete system that can be used immediately station so that the connection of their two components before starting use can be omitted.
  • the mobile use of smoke and heat extraction systems has two more Significant advantages: It avoids flammable substances that are used for operation of the gas supplier, for example a jet engine, is required are to be stored in the immediate vicinity of the structure. To change can now also the structural systems that have no mechanical Smoke extraction, can be smoked in a short time. This also applies here already for the staiffy systems for the performance of what has been said: the mobile systems have compared to the mobile ventilation devices the fire brigade has a suction volume that is orders of magnitude higher.
  • Heat exhaust system consists in reducing the environmental impact due to toxic fire gases. That in its composition essentially Known exhaust gas from the engine usually contains significantly less toxic substances as a fire gas. This advantage is even more beneficial the use of inert gases or steam as blowing agents. By the high flow velocities become the toxic fire gases strongly swirled and diluted released into the environment.
  • the building depicted in Fig. 1 is of a structural shell 1 surrounded and consists of three floors 2.
  • Each floor has controllable Supply air openings 3, such as. B. windows, doors, ventilation flaps u.
  • Each floor 2 has fire detectors 4 and a duct system 5 on the ceiling installed, which opens into an ascending smoke exhaust duct 6. This is led out of the building in the roof area and there to the suction side a gas jet vacuum pump 7 connected.
  • the driving side of the Gas jet vacuum pump 7 is with the exhaust system of a gas jet engine 8 in connection, that of one in the drawing no closer shown tank is supplied with fuel.
  • the commissioning of the Gas jet engine 8 takes place via a control line 9, via which the Gas jet engine 8 is connected to a control device 10.
  • the control device 10 receives the signal required for this from the Fire detectors 4 via their signal line 11.
  • an atrium is shown symbolically, the surrounding gallery 12 and has a dome 13.
  • the smoke exhaust duct 6 is directly from the Dome 13 led out. All other designations were as in Fig. 1st used. In the event of a fire, the flue gases will be immediately below accumulate the dome 13. Due to the enormous suction volume of the invention The other areas, especially the Gallery 12, kept smoke-free.
  • the fire or fire alarm goes off at the fire brigade, which in addition to the extinguishing technology carries the mobile technology for smoke extraction according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The system consists of a power supply and a vacuum generator in form of a gas- or steam jet vacuum pump (7), whose drive side is connected with a gas- and/or steam source (8), such as a gas jet engine. The system can preferably be operated stationary, as well as mobile. The vacuum pump is preferably connected with a channel system (5) provided in the structural plant.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine maschinelle Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage zum Entrauchen von baulichen Anlagen, beispielsweise Gebäuden, Tunneln u. a., um für Personen die Flucht aus mit Rauch und Wärme und/oder Schadgasen bzw. Aerosolen beaufschlagten Bereichen sowie dem Rettungspersonal den Zugang zu diesen bzw. der Feuerwehr einen gezielten Löschangriff zu ermöglichen. Des weiteren sollen Schäden an den baulichen Anlagen einschließlich darin befindlicher Sachen minimiert werden.The invention relates to a mechanical smoke and heat exhaust system for smoke extraction from structures, e.g. buildings, Tunnels and a. to escape for people with smoke and warmth and / or harmful gases or aerosols exposed areas and the emergency personnel have access to them or the fire brigade to enable targeted extinguishing attacks. Furthermore, damage to the constructional facilities including things contained therein become.

Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen sind im wesentlichen in der EN-DIN 18232-1:1998-01 dargestellt. Bei maschineller Entrauchung wird zur Ableitung des Rauches und der Wärme aus baulichen Anlagen eine Druckdifferenz zwischen einem Rauchabschnitt und der äußeren Umgebung der baulichen Anlage erzeugt. Darüber hinaus ist es bekannt, bauliche Anlagen mittels Überdruck vor dem Eindringen von Rauch zu schützen bzw. entstandenen Rauch sicher abzuleiten.Smoke and heat exhaust systems are essentially in the EN-DIN 18232-1: 1998-01. With mechanical smoke extraction it becomes a derivative of smoke and heat from construction systems a pressure difference between a smoke section and the external environment of the building Plant generated. In addition, it is known to be built To protect against the ingress of smoke or generated by means of overpressure Discharge smoke safely.

Herkömmliche maschinelle Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem Saugdruckerzeuger, beispielsweise einem Entrauchungsventilator, aus einer Energieversorgung für diesen und einem Rauchleitsystem. Die Entrauchungsventilatoren sind an vorgeschriebenen Stellen, meistens im Dach- oder Wandbereich der baulichen Anlagen, installiert. Nach der o. g. DIN sind derartige Anlagen so zu errichten, daß sie über eine Dauer von etwa 20 Minuten bis zum Eintreffen der Feuerwehr Rauch und Wärme zuverlässig aus der baulichen Anlage ableiten. Bei längeren Anfahrwegen der Feuerwehr ist ihre Errichtung nur in Verbindung mit automatischen Löschanlagen sinnvoll. Das ist dadurch begründet, daß die Leistungsfähigkeit von Ventilatoren begrenzt ist. Deshalb sind Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen auch nur bei Entstehungsbränden wirkungsvoll. Diese Leistungseinschränkung hat ferner zur Folge, daß die Rauchabschnittsflächen gem. der o. g. DIN auf 1600 m2 begrenzt sind.Conventional mechanical smoke and heat exhaust systems essentially consist of a suction pressure generator, for example a smoke extraction fan, an energy supply for this and a smoke control system. The smoke extract fans are installed at prescribed locations, usually in the roof or wall area of the building. According to the above DIN, such systems are to be set up so that they reliably discharge smoke and heat from the building over a period of approximately 20 minutes until the fire brigade arrives. If the fire brigade's approach routes are long, it only makes sense to set them up in conjunction with automatic extinguishing systems. The reason for this is that the performance of fans is limited. That is why smoke and heat extraction systems are only effective in the event of a fire. This performance restriction also has the consequence that the smoke section surfaces acc. the above-mentioned DIN are limited to 1600 m 2 .

Darüber hinaus werden von der Feuerwehr im Brandfall und auch nach den Löscharbeiten Be- und Entlüftungsgeräte eingesetzt, um Rauch- und Schadgase aus Räumen zu entfernen. Dies erfolgt sowohl durch Einblasen von Frischluft als auch durch Absaugen der Rauch- und Schadgase. Derartige mobile Entrauchungsanlagen sind beispielsweise in dem Prospekt der Firma Hale Products Europe GmbH beschrieben.In addition, the fire brigade in the event of a fire and also after the Fire fighting ventilation equipment used to smoke and Remove harmful gases from rooms. This is done both by blowing of fresh air as well as by extracting the smoke and harmful gases. such mobile smoke extraction systems are for example in the prospectus of Hale Products Europe GmbH.

Praktische Erfahrungen haben gezeigt, daß herkömmliche maschinelle Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen bei großen baulichen Anlagen versagen. Auch die mobilen Be- und Entlüftungsgeräte der Feuerwehr sind in ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit sehr begrenzt. Über diese eingeschränkte Leistungs- und Einsatzfähigkeit hinaus haben stationäre maschinelle Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen einen weiteren wesentlichen Nachteil. Ihr Hauptbestandteil, der Saugdruckerzeuger mit seinem elektrischen Antrieb ist dem Rauch und der Wärme direkt ausgesetzt. Trotz daß die Ventilatore in Ex-Schutz ausgeführt sind, verlieren sie durch die hohe Temperaturbelastung und die Ablagerungen aus dem Rauch an Leistungsfähigkeit bzw. werden vorzeitig funktionsuntüchtig (Schmitt, Dipl.-Ing., Herbert: "Vorbeugender Brandschutz mit maschinell wirkender MWA-Anlage", Stadt- und Gebäudetechnik 1993, 5, S. 2 ff). Damit die Energieversorgung herkömmlicher maschineller Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsnalgen im Brandfall nicht ausfällt, ist ein erhöhter Aufwand für ihren Schutz notwendig.Practical experience has shown that conventional mechanical Smoke and heat extraction systems fail in large construction systems. The fire brigade's mobile ventilation devices are also in their performance is very limited. About this restricted In addition, stationary and mechanical have the performance and operational capability Smoke and heat exhaust systems are another major disadvantage. Its main component, the suction pressure generator with its electrical Drive is directly exposed to smoke and heat. Despite that Fans are designed in explosion protection, they lose due to the high Temperature load and the deposits from the smoke in terms of performance or become prematurely inoperable (Schmitt, Dipl.-Ing., Herbert: "Preventive fire protection with mechanical MWA system", Urban and Building Technology 1993, 5, p. 2 ff). So that the energy supply conventional mechanical smoke and heat exhaust signals in If a fire does not fail, an increased effort is necessary to protect it.

Somit ist es das Problem der Erfindung, eine maschinelle Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage zu schaffen, deren Funktion unabhängig von der bei Bränden auftretenden Rauch- und Wärmebelastung gewährleistet ist. Die Anlage soll hierzu aus robusten, gegen Temperatur, Rauch und andere Schadstoffe, z. B. abrasive Teilchen, unempfindlichen Komponenten bestehen. Darüber hinaus soll sie ein um Größenordnungen höheres Absaugvolumen pro Zeiteinheit bieten, um auch in größeren baulichen Anlagen und über die Brandentstehungsphase hinaus funktionssicher einsetzbar zu sein.So it is the problem of the invention, a mechanical smoke and To create heat extraction system, the function of which is independent of Fire and smoke and heat pollution is guaranteed. The Plant should do this from robust, against temperature, smoke and others Pollutants, e.g. B. abrasive particles, insensitive components. In addition, it should have a suction volume that is orders of magnitude higher offer per unit of time, even in larger structures and to be able to be used reliably beyond the fire development phase.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches gelöst.
Die Unteransprüche 2 bis 6 zeigen verschiedene Installations- und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Saugdruckerzeugers und des Gas- bzw. Dampflieferanten. Dabei stellt die bekannte Variante der festen Installation der Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage an der baulichen Anlage sicher eine auch weiterhin häufig praktizierbare Lösung dar. Wenn vorhanden, wird die Saugseite der Gas- bzw. Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe mit dem zur Entrauchung der baulichen Anlage vorgesehenen Kanalsystem verbunden. Die Leistungsfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsnalage läßt es aber auch ohne weiteres zu, die Saugseite der Gas- bzw. Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe direkt in die zu entrauchende Räumlichkeit münden zu lassen. Das ist insbesondere für große Hallen oder Atrien von Bedeutung.According to the invention the object is achieved by the features of the patent claim.
The sub-claims 2 to 6 show different installation and application options of the suction pressure generator and the gas or steam supplier. The known variant of the fixed installation of the smoke and heat exhaust system on the building system is still a frequently practicable solution. If available, the suction side of the gas or steam jet vacuum pump is connected to the duct system provided for smoke extraction from the building system. The performance of the smoke and heat extraction signal according to the invention also allows the suction side of the gas or steam jet vacuum pump to open directly into the room to be extracted. This is particularly important for large halls or atriums.

Die Unteransprüche 7 bis 10 zeigen Beispiele der Anwendung unterschiedlicher Gas- bzw. Dampflieferanten auf. Der Verwendung von Strahltriebwerken wird wegen ihrer Verfügbarkeit, verhältnismäßig einfachen Montage sowie ihres unkomplizierten mobilen Einsatzes der Vorzug zu geben sein. Es ist aber auch denkbar, in der Nähe der baulichen Anlagen bereits vorhandene Gas- bzw. Dampflieferanten, wie z. B. eine Preßluftanlage oder einen Dampferzeuger zu nutzen. Letzteres wird dann vorteilhaft sein, wenn sich in der Nähe der zu entrauchenden baulichen Anlage ein Heizkraftwerk oder ein dampfbetriebener Elektroenergieerzeuger befindet.
Als Gaslieferant kann auch eine Flüssiggasanlage installiert oder mobil eingesetzt werden.The subclaims 7 to 10 show examples of the use of different gas or steam suppliers. The use of jet engines will be preferred because of their availability, relatively simple assembly and their uncomplicated mobile use. However, it is also conceivable to have gas or steam suppliers already present in the vicinity of the structures, such as, for. B. to use a compressed air system or a steam generator. The latter will be advantageous if there is a combined heat and power plant or a steam-powered electrical power generator in the vicinity of the building to be smoked.
A liquid gas system can also be installed or used as a mobile gas supplier.

Bei dem Betrieb von Strahltriebwerken entstehen in kurzer Zeit große Mengen von Abgasen, durch die die erfindungsgemäße Gas- oder Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe versorgt wird. Von den anderen o. g. Gas- bzw. Dampflieferanten wird das Gas bzw. der Dampf in ebenso großen Mengen bereitgestellt. Dadurch kann von der Gas- oder Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe in kurzer Zeit eine sehr große Menge Rauch- und Schadgas aus dem Rauchabschnitt abgesaugt werden. Es können problemlos Absaugvolumen von 2 Mio m3/h erreicht werden. Damit besitzt die erfindungsgemäße Anlage mehr als die zehnfache Leistung im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Absaugventilatoren. Aus diesem Grund kann die Erfindung auch in baulichen Anlagen mit größeren als in der o. g. genannten DIN festgelegten Rauchabschnittsflächen wirkungsvoll eingesetzt werden. Auf Rauchschürzen kann dadurch u. U. verzichtet werden. Durch die wesentlich größere Leistung der Anlage ist es möglich ist es ferner möglich, die rauchfreie Zone wesentlich zu vergößern, was besonders für Atrien, Gebäude mit Emporen, Hallen sowie Treppenbereiche von Bedeutung ist.In the operation of jet engines, large amounts of exhaust gases are generated in a short time, through which the gas or steam jet vacuum pump according to the invention is supplied. The gas or steam is provided in equally large quantities by the other gas or steam suppliers mentioned above. As a result, a very large amount of smoke and harmful gas can be extracted from the smoke section in a short time from the gas or steam jet vacuum pump. Extraction volumes of 2 million m 3 / h can easily be achieved. Thus, the system according to the invention has more than ten times the performance compared to conventional exhaust fans. For this reason, the invention can also be used effectively in structural systems with larger smoke section surfaces than those specified in the abovementioned DIN. On smoke aprons this can U. be waived. Due to the much greater performance of the system, it is also possible to significantly enlarge the smoke-free zone, which is particularly important for atriums, buildings with galleries, halls and stair areas.

Ein weiterer entscheidender Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage besteht darin, daß die Teile der Anlage, die im Fall eines Brandes rauch- und temperaturbelastet sind, keine bewegten Teile aufweisen. Dazu gehört vor allem die Gas- oder Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe. Das Strahltriebwerk bzw. die anderen o. g. Gas- bzw. Dampflieferanten kommen mit den Brandgasen nicht in Berührung, da sie mit der Gas- oder Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe nur über eine Zufuhrleitung, im Fall des Strahltriebwerkes nur über dessen Abgasrohr, verbunden sind. Eine Leistungsverringerung durch den Einfluß heißer Brandgase tritt deshalb nicht ein. Auch wird die Gas- oder Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe durch heiße Brandgase nicht zusäztlich belastet, da sie so ausgelegt ist, daß sie den heißen Abgasen eines Strahltriebwerkes standhält.Another decisive advantage of the system according to the invention is in that the parts of the system that are exposed to smoke and temperature in the event of a fire have no moving parts. Above all, that includes the gas or steam jet vacuum pump. The jet engine or the other above Gas or steam suppliers come with the fire gases not in contact as it only works with the gas or steam jet vacuum pump via a supply line, in the case of the jet engine only via its Exhaust pipe, are connected. A decrease in performance through influence hot combustion gases therefore do not occur. Also the gas or steam jet vacuum pump not additionally burdened by hot fire gases, since they is designed so that the hot exhaust gases from a jet engine withstand.

Eine fest installierte Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage arbeitet ferner unabhängig von elektrischen Versorgungseinrichtungen. Im Brandfall wird der Gas- bzw. Dampflieferant durch einen Brandmeldesensor in Betrieb gesetzt und arbeitet dann autark. Das gewährleistet die Sicherheit, die Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen aufweisen müssen, um auch über die Brandentstehungsphase hinaus bis zum Vollbrand wirksam eingesetzt werden zu können. Das bedeutet für solche exponierten Anwendungsbereiche wie Atrien, Tiefgaragen, Bahn- und Straßenverkehrstunnel, Abfertigungshallen, Einkaufsparks u. dgl. eine wesentliche Erhöhung der Sicherheit und damit Erhöhung der Flucht- und Rettungschancen im Brandfall.A permanently installed smoke and heat exhaust system also works independently of electrical utilities. In the event of fire, the Gas or steam supplier started up by a fire alarm sensor and then works independently. This ensures safety, smoke and Heat extraction systems must have over the fire development phase Be used effectively until the fire can. For such exposed areas of application as atriums, this means Underground car parks, rail and road traffic tunnels, handling halls, Shopping parks and Like. A significant increase in security and thus Increasing the chances of escape and rescue in the event of a fire.

Als eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Anwendungsart der Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage ist der mobile Einsatz eines ihrer Bestandteile oder auch beider Bestandteile von besonderer Bedeutung. Das hat den Vorteil, daß bei der baulichen Anlage selbst keine oder nur geringe Aufwendungen, z. B. nur das Kanalsystem, zur Rauch- und Wärmeabführung erforderlich sind. Wenn, wie in Unteranspruch 10 unter Schutz gestellt, bereits ein Gas- bzw. Dampflieferant sich in unmittelbarer Nähe der baulichen Anlage befindet, wird nur noch die Gas- bzw. Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe benötigt. Es bedarf keiner weiteren Erläuterung, daß in diesem Fall die Verbindung zwischen der Gas- bzw. Dampfstrahlvakuumpumpe und dem Gas- bzw. Dampflieferanten erst im Einsatzfall hergestellt wird. Das kann generell bei dem mobilen Einsatz einer erfindungsgemäßen Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage so vorgesehen sein. Es ist aber auch denkbar, die Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage als sofort einsatzfähige komplette Anlage mobil zu stationieren, so daß die Verbindung ihrer beiden Bestandteile vor Einsatzbeginn entfallen kann.As a further application of smoke and Heat extraction system is the mobile use of one of its components or both components of particular importance. That has the advantage, that there is little or no expenditure on the building itself, z. B. only the duct system required for smoke and heat dissipation are. If, as protected in subclaim 10, a gas or steam supplier is in the immediate vicinity of the building, only the gas or steam jet vacuum pump is required. It needs no further explanation that in this case the connection between the gas or steam jet vacuum pump and the gas or Steam suppliers are only produced in the case of use. This can generally be the case with the mobile use of a smoke and heat exhaust system according to the invention so be provided. But it is also conceivable that the smoke and Heat extraction system as a complete system that can be used immediately station so that the connection of their two components before starting use can be omitted.

Der mobile Einsatz von Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen hat zwei weitere wesentliche Vorteile: Es wird vermieden, brennbare Stoffe, die zum Betreiben des Gaslieferanten, beispielsweise eines Strahltriebwerkes, erforderlich sind, in unmittelbarer Nähe der baulichen Anlage zu lagern. Zum andern können nunmehr auch die baulichen Anlagen, die über keine maschinelle Entrauchung verfügen, in kurzer Zeit entraucht werden. Auch hier gilt das bereits für die staionären Anlagen zum Leistungsvermögen der Gesagte: die mobilen Anlagen verfügen gegenüber den mobilen Be- und Entlüftungsgeräten der Feuerwehr über ein um Größenordnungen höheres Absaugvolumen.The mobile use of smoke and heat extraction systems has two more Significant advantages: It avoids flammable substances that are used for operation of the gas supplier, for example a jet engine, is required are to be stored in the immediate vicinity of the structure. To change can now also the structural systems that have no mechanical Smoke extraction, can be smoked in a short time. This also applies here already for the staionary systems for the performance of what has been said: the mobile systems have compared to the mobile ventilation devices the fire brigade has a suction volume that is orders of magnitude higher.

Ein nicht zu unterschätzender zusätzlicher Vorteil der neuen Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage besteht in der Verringerung der Umweltbelastung durch toxische Brandgase. Das in seiner Zusammensetzung im wesentlichen bekannte Abgas des Triebwerkes enthält meistens deutlich weniger toxische Stoffe als ein Brandgas. Noch günstiger wirkt sich dieser Vorteil bei der Verwendung von inertern Gasen oder Dampf als Treibmittel aus. Durch die hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten werden die toxischen Brandgase stark verwirbelt und verdünnt an die Umwelt abgegeben.An additional advantage of the new smoke and smoke systems that should not be underestimated Heat exhaust system consists in reducing the environmental impact due to toxic fire gases. That in its composition essentially Known exhaust gas from the engine usually contains significantly less toxic substances as a fire gas. This advantage is even more beneficial the use of inert gases or steam as blowing agents. By the high flow velocities become the toxic fire gases strongly swirled and diluted released into the environment.

Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung an einem Beispiel näher erläutert werden. In der zugehörigen Zeichnung zeigen

  • Fig. 1 ein dreigeschossiges Gebäude und
  • Fig. 2 ein Atrium mit der erfindungsgemäßen stationären Rauch-und Wärmeabzugsanlage.
    • The invention will be explained in more detail below using an example. Show in the accompanying drawing
  • Fig. 1 is a three-story building and
  • Fig. 2 shows an atrium with the stationary smoke and heat exhaust system.

    • Das in Fig. 1 sinnbildlich dargestellte Gebäude ist von einer baulichen Hülle 1 umgeben und besteht aus drei Etagen 2. Jede Etage besitzt steuerbare Zuluftöffnungen 3, wie z. B. Fenster, Türen, Belüftungsklappen u. dgl. In jeder Etage 2 sind an der Decke Brandmelder 4 sowie ein Kanalsystem 5 installiert, das in einen aufsteigenden Rauchabzugskanal 6 mündet. Dieser ist im Dachbereich aus dem Gebäude herausgeführt und dort an die Saugseite einer Gasstrahlvakuumpumpe 7 angeschlossen. DieTreibseite der Gasstrahlvakuumpumpe 7 steht mit dem Abgassystem eines Gasstrahltriebwerkes 8 in Verbindung, das von einem in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellten Tank mit Kraftstoff versorgt wird. Die Inbetriebnahme des Gasstrahltriebwerkes 8 erfolgt über eine Steuerleitung 9, über die das Gasstrahltriebwerk 8 mit einer Steuereinrichtung 10 in Verbindung steht. Das dazu erforderliche Signal erhält die Steuereinrichtung 10 von den Brandmeldern 4 über deren Signalleitung 11.The building depicted in Fig. 1 is of a structural shell 1 surrounded and consists of three floors 2. Each floor has controllable Supply air openings 3, such as. B. windows, doors, ventilation flaps u. Like. In Each floor 2 has fire detectors 4 and a duct system 5 on the ceiling installed, which opens into an ascending smoke exhaust duct 6. This is led out of the building in the roof area and there to the suction side a gas jet vacuum pump 7 connected. The driving side of the Gas jet vacuum pump 7 is with the exhaust system of a gas jet engine 8 in connection, that of one in the drawing no closer shown tank is supplied with fuel. The commissioning of the Gas jet engine 8 takes place via a control line 9, via which the Gas jet engine 8 is connected to a control device 10. The control device 10 receives the signal required for this from the Fire detectors 4 via their signal line 11.

    In Fig. 2 ist sinnbildlich ein Atrium dargestellt, das umlaufende Emporen 12 sowie eine Kuppel 13 aufweist. Der Rauchabzugskanal 6 ist direkt aus der Kuppel 13 herausgeführt. Alle anderen Bezeichungen wurden wie in Fig. 1 verwendet. Im Brandfall werden sich die Rauchgase unmittelbar unterhalb der Kuppel 13 ansammeln. Durch das enorme Absaugvolumen der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage können die übrigen Bereiche, insbesondere die Emporen 12, rauchfrei gehalten werden.2, an atrium is shown symbolically, the surrounding gallery 12 and has a dome 13. The smoke exhaust duct 6 is directly from the Dome 13 led out. All other designations were as in Fig. 1st used. In the event of a fire, the flue gases will be immediately below accumulate the dome 13. Due to the enormous suction volume of the invention The other areas, especially the Gallery 12, kept smoke-free.

    Die Wirkungsweise der stationären Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlage ist wie folgt:

  • Im Brandfall gibt der z. B. als Rauch- oder Temperaturwächter funktionierende Brandmelder 4 über seine Signalleitung 11 ein Signal an die Steuereinrichtung 10, die wiederum über die Steuerleitung 9 das Gasstrahltriebwerk 8 in Betrieb setzt und über nicht näher dargestellte elektrische Verbindungen die Zuluftöffnungen 3 öffnet. Das in die Gasstrahlvakuumpumpe 7 einströmende Abgas des Gasstrahltriebwerkes 8 erzeugt in dem Rauchabzugskanal 6 und im Fall des Gebäudes gem. Fig. 1 auch in dem Kanalsystem 5 einen Unterdruck, so daß der durch den Brand enstandene Rauch ins Freie abgezogen wird. In der Gasstrahlvakuumpumpe 7 vermischt sich der Rauch mit dem Abgas und wird mit hoher Geschwindigkeit ausgeblasen. Dadurch entstehen in den Randzonen Verwirbelungen, die eine starke Verdünnung des Abgas-Rauchgemisches bewirken.
    • The mode of operation of the stationary smoke and heat extraction system is as follows:
  • In the event of fire, the z. B. as a smoke or temperature monitor functioning fire detector 4 via its signal line 11 a signal to the control device 10, which in turn sets the gas jet engine 8 into operation via the control line 9 and opens the supply air openings 3 via electrical connections (not shown). The flowing into the gas jet vacuum pump 7 exhaust gas of the gas jet engine 8 generated in the smoke exhaust duct 6 and in the case of the building acc. Fig. 1 also in the duct system 5, a negative pressure, so that the smoke created by the fire is drawn off into the open. In the gas jet vacuum pump 7, the smoke mixes with the exhaust gas and is blown out at high speed. This creates turbulence in the edge zones, which causes the exhaust gas-smoke mixture to dilute considerably.

    • Bei mobilen Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen geht die Brand- bzw. Feuermeldung bei der Feuerwehr ein, die dann zusätzlich zur Löschtechnik auch die erfindungsgemäße mobile Technik zur Entrauchung mitführt.With mobile smoke and heat extraction systems, the fire or fire alarm goes off at the fire brigade, which in addition to the extinguishing technology carries the mobile technology for smoke extraction according to the invention.

    Claims (10)

    1. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system for removing smoke from structural works essentially comprising a suction pressure generator and a power supply, characterized in that a gas jet or a steam jet vacuum pump (7) is used as a suction pressure generator, whose impelling side, at least during operation, is connected to a gas or steam supplier.
    2. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claim 1 characterized in that the gas jet or steam jet vacuum pump (7) and the gas or steam supplier are stationarily connected to the structural works.
    3. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claim 2 characterized in that the gas jet or steam jet vacuum pump (7) is connected to a duct system (5) provided in the structural works for removing smoke.
    4. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claim 1 characterized in that the gas jet or steam jet vacuum pump (7) and the gas or steam supplier are mobile systems.
    5. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claim 4 characterized in that the gas jet or steam jet vacuum pump (7) and the gas or steam supplier are being connected to each other only in operational state (or rather, at the moment their operation starts).
    6. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claim 1 characterized in that either the gas jet or steam jet vacuum pump (7) or the gas or steam supplier is a mobile system.
    7. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 6 characterized in that a gas jet propulsion mechanism (8) is used as a gas supplier.
    8. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 6 characterized in that a compressed-air system is used as a gas supplier.
    9. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 6 characterized in that a liquified gas system is used as a gas supplier.
    10. Mechanical smoke and heat evacuation system to Claim 1 characterized in that a steam generator already existing is used as a steam supplier.
    EP00101485A 1999-02-04 2000-01-26 Mechanical device for smoke and heat outlet Expired - Lifetime EP1026451B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19904428A DE19904428C2 (en) 1999-02-04 1999-02-04 Mechanical smoke and heat exhaust system
    DE19904428 1999-02-04

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1026451A1 EP1026451A1 (en) 2000-08-09
    EP1026451B1 true EP1026451B1 (en) 2003-05-14

    Family

    ID=7896361

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP00101485A Expired - Lifetime EP1026451B1 (en) 1999-02-04 2000-01-26 Mechanical device for smoke and heat outlet

    Country Status (7)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP1026451B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2002536093A (en)
    AT (1) ATE240494T1 (en)
    CA (1) CA2327340A1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19904428C2 (en)
    NO (1) NO312526B1 (en)
    WO (1) WO2000046553A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    JP2002191711A (en) * 2000-12-27 2002-07-10 Taisei Corp Smoke discharging system for large space architecture
    DE102010002684A1 (en) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-15 Dürr Ecoclean GmbH Method for suctioning explosive suction gas from region i.e. process chamber, in vacuum container, involves compacting suction gas-friction gas mixture produced by propulsion gas jet pump by pump assembly downstream to jet pump

    Family Cites Families (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4944216A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-07-31 Mccutchen Wilmot R Building emergency exhaust fan system
    SE500553C2 (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-07-11 Flaekt Ab Smoke control system for ships and fire fighting procedures on board ships
    US5855510A (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-01-05 Mckenzie; James System for exhausting smoke and controlling fires within a building

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP1026451A1 (en) 2000-08-09
    NO312526B1 (en) 2002-05-21
    DE50002131D1 (en) 2003-06-18
    DE19904428C2 (en) 2001-05-31
    JP2002536093A (en) 2002-10-29
    WO2000046553A1 (en) 2000-08-10
    NO20004977D0 (en) 2000-10-03
    ATE240494T1 (en) 2003-05-15
    CA2327340A1 (en) 2000-08-10
    NO20004977L (en) 2000-10-03
    DE19904428A1 (en) 2000-08-17

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