EP1017743A1 - Additifs de polyurethane accroissant les taux de polymerisation a l'etat solide - Google Patents

Additifs de polyurethane accroissant les taux de polymerisation a l'etat solide

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Publication number
EP1017743A1
EP1017743A1 EP98944621A EP98944621A EP1017743A1 EP 1017743 A1 EP1017743 A1 EP 1017743A1 EP 98944621 A EP98944621 A EP 98944621A EP 98944621 A EP98944621 A EP 98944621A EP 1017743 A1 EP1017743 A1 EP 1017743A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acid
glycol
combination
dicarbonyl
polymer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98944621A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Edwin Brink
Jeffrey Todd Owens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Chemical Co filed Critical Eastman Chemical Co
Publication of EP1017743A1 publication Critical patent/EP1017743A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • C08L101/12—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by physical features, e.g. anisotropy, viscosity or electrical conductivity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for increasing the molecular weight of a polymer composition by solid state polymerizing a composition composed of a polymer having at least one isocyanate reactive group and a thermoplastic 15 polyurethane.
  • high molecular weight polyesters and copolyesters can be used in a number of different applications.
  • high molecular weight polyesters can be used as reinforcing agents in rubber articles.
  • high molecular weight polyesters can be extruded and molded into a wide variety of useful articles.
  • a problem associated with the production of high molecular weight polyesters is the amount of 25 time it takes to produce a polymer with the desired molecular weight. Upon extended . heating, the polymer can undergo thermal degradation, which ultimately reduces the molecular weight of the polymer.
  • Solid state polymerization generally involves heating a polymer at an elevated temperature below the melting point of the polymer.
  • One advantage of solid state polymerization is that there is no handling of a high molecular weight, high viscosity molten polymer. Thermal degradation is also reduced during solid state polymerization.
  • the process of solid state polymerization is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,064,112 and 4,792,573, which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • Upgrading agents used in Ghisolfi include the dianhydrides of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic tetracarboxyhc acids and tetrahydrofuran acids; and aromatic or aliphatic diisocyanates or polyisocyanates. These processes are not attractive because of the difficulty of handling and using isocyanates, which are hazardous and toxic. These references also do not disclose the use of a thermoplastic polyurethane as a chain extender during solid state polymerization.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,519,094 to Tseng et al. and U.S. Patent No. 5,258 ,445 to Sperk et al. disclose the combination of a thermoplastic polyurethane, a polyester, and a glass fiber to produce a molding composition.
  • International Patent No. WO 95/26432 to Wagner et al. disclose the preparation of an abrasion resistant polyester blend composed of a thermoplastic polyester, a thermoplastic polyurethane, and optionally, nonpolymeric additives that exhibits improved processing safety.
  • CA '111 discloses a poly(butylene terephthalate)/polyurethane molding composition.
  • Tseng et al, Sperk et al, Wagner et al, and CA ' 11 1 teach one of ordinary skill in the art to use a higher amounts of polyurethane in order to increase or enhance the mechanical properties of the blend.
  • These references are not concerned with increasing the molecular weight of a polymer. Moreover, these references do not disclose the solid state polymerization of a thermoplastic polyurethane and a polymer with at least one isocyanate reactive group.
  • this invention in one aspect, relates to a method for making a polymer composition, comprising solid state polymerizing a composition comprising a polymer having at least one isocyanate reactive group and a thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the invention further relates to a polymer composition produced by the present invention.
  • the invention further relates to an article comprising the polymer composition produced by the present invention.
  • isocyanate reactive group is any group that can react with an isocyanate moiety as shown in Equation I.
  • isocyanate reactive groups include, but are not limited to a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or a carboxyl group.
  • carbonyl compound is any carboxylic acid, ester, acid halide, or anhydride.
  • dicarbonyl compound is any dicarboxylic acid, diester, diacid halide, or dianhydride.
  • glycol is any compound that possesses at least two hydroxyl groups. Additionally, a glycol can be any precursor compound that is readily converted to a compound possessing two hydroxyl groups. An example of such a compound is hydroquinone (I), which can be converted to biphenol (II) using techniques known in the art.
  • this invention in one aspect, relates to a method for making a polymer composition, comprising solid state polymerizing a composition comprising a polymer having at least one isocyanate reactive group and a thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the polymer used in the present invention has at least one isocyanate reactive group.
  • the role of the isocyanate reactive group with respect to producing a polymer composition will be discussed below.
  • the polymer comprises a polyester, a liquid crystalline polymer, a polyamide, or a combination thereof.
  • the polymer comprises a polyester.
  • Polyesters useful in the present invention comprise the reaction product between (1) at least one first glycol component comprising an aliphatic glycol, a cycloaliphatic glycol, an aromatic glycol, or a combination thereof, and (2) at least one first dicarbonyl component comprising an aliphatic dicarbonyl compound, a cycloaliphatic dicarbonyl compound, an aromatic dicarbonyl compound, or a combination thereof.
  • the first glycol component comprises a first glycol compound comprising ethylene glycol; propylene glycol; 1,3-propanediol; 1,4- butanediol; 1,6-hexanediol; 1 ,8-octanediol; 1 ,10-decanediol; 2,2-dimethyl-l ,3- propanediol; 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; diethylene glycol; polyethylene glycol; polypropylene glycol; polytetramethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.
  • a first glycol compound comprising ethylene glycol; propylene glycol; 1,3-propanediol; 1,4- butanediol; 1,6-hexanediol; 1 ,8-octanediol; 1 ,10-decanediol; 2,2-dimethyl-l ,3- propanediol; 1,4-cyclo
  • the first glycol compound comprises ethylene glycol; 1,3-propanediol; 1 ,4-butanediol, or 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
  • the first glycol compound has from 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the first glycol component further comprises a second glycol compound, wherein the second glycol compound comprises glycerol, trimethyolpropane, pentaerythritol, or a combination thereof.
  • the second glycol component behaves as a branching agent, which forms branches off the polymer backbone.
  • the first dicarbonyl component comprises terephthahc acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, or naphthalenedicarboxylic acid. Any of the isomers of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid are useful in the present invention.
  • the cis-, trans-, or cis/ trans isomers of cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid can be used.
  • the 2,6-isomer of naphthalenedicarboxylic acid can be used.
  • the polyester further comprises the reaction product of a second dicarbonyl compound comprising a C 4 to C 40 dicarbonyl compound.
  • the second dicarbonyl is a modifying dibasic acid.
  • the second dicarbonyl compound comprises succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, dimer acid, or a combination thereof.
  • Dimer acid comprises the dimerization product of unsaturated fatty acids, wherein the fatty acid has from 14 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • the first dicarbonyl component comprises at most 65 mole % of the second dicarbonyl compound, wherein the sum of the dicarbonyl compounds of the first dicarbonyl component equals 100 mole %.
  • the first dicarbonyl component further comprises a third dicarbonyl compound, wherein the third dicarbonyl compound comprises trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, or a combination thereof.
  • the third dicarbonyl compound can also behave as a branching agent as described above.
  • the first dicarbonyl component comprises at least 40 mole % of the first dicarbonyl compound, wherein the sum of the dicarbonyl compounds of the first dicarbonyl component equals 100 mole %.
  • the polyester has an inherent viscosity of from 0.2 to 1.5 dL/g, preferably from 0.3 to 1.2 dL/g as determined in 60/40 phenol/tetrachloroethane.
  • polyesters useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, poly(butylene terephthalate), poly(propylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene naphthalate), poly(cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate), or a combination thereof.
  • the polyester is poly(ethylene-2,6- naphthalate) or poly(l,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate).
  • the polyester comprises poly(butylene terephthalate) or poly(ethylene terephthalate).
  • the polymer comprises a liquid crystalline polymer.
  • a liquid crystalline polymer Any of the liquid crystalline polymers disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,169,933 and 4,161,470 are useful in the present invention, and are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the liquid crystalline polymer comprises the reaction product between a second glycol component and a first carbonyl component.
  • the second glycol component comprises hydroquinone, biphenol, cyclohexanedimelhanol, or a combination thereof.
  • the first carbonyl component comprises -hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, p- acyloxybenzoic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, terephthahc acid, isophthalic acid, or a combination thereof, preferably /?-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6- naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, or terephthahc acid.
  • the liquid crystalline polyester has a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 25,000.
  • the polymer comprises a polyamide. Any polyamide disclosed in the art can be used in the present invention.
  • the polyamide comprises the reaction product between a diamine and a second dicarbonyl component.
  • the diamine comprises a branched or straight chain aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine, or a cycloaliphatic diamine.
  • the diamine comprises H 2 N(CH 2 ) n NH 2 , wherein n is from 2 to 16.
  • the diamine comprises ethylenediamine, trimethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1,4- cyclohexanedimethylamine, 2-methyl-l,5-pentamethylenediamine, or a combination thereof.
  • the second dicarbonyl component comprises a compound having the formula HO 2 C-Y-CO 2 H or the salt or diester thereof, wherein Y has at least two carbon atoms.
  • the second dicarbonyl component comprises sebacic acid, octadecanedioic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, undecanedioic acid, glutaric acid, pi elic acid, adipic acid, terephthahc acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, or a combination thereof.
  • the second dicarbonyl component comprises adipic acid.
  • the polyamide comprises the self-condensation product of an amino carboxylic acid.
  • the amino carboxylic acid has from 2 to 16 carbon atoms between the amino group and the carboxylic acid group.
  • the amino carboxylic acid comprises 3-amino bcnzoic acid, 4-amino benzoic acid, or a combination thereof. Any lactam known in the art can be used in the present invention.
  • the polyamide comprises the self-condensation product of a lactam.
  • the lactam comprises ⁇ -aminocaproic acid, butyrolactam, pivalactam, caprolactam, capryllactam, enantholactam, undecolactam, dodecanolactam, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the lactam comprises caprolactam.
  • the polyamide comprises the self-condensation product of caprolactam (NYLON 6 ® ); the reaction product between adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine (NYLON 66 ® ); or the reaction product between adipic acid and tetramethylenediamine (NYLON 4,6 ® ).
  • the polyamide comprises a polyphthalamide.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane Any thermoplastic polyurethane known in the art is useful in the present invention.
  • thermoplastic polyurethanes examples include thermoplastic polyurethanes than can be used in the present invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,822,827; 4,376,834, and 4,567,236, which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the thermoplastic polyurethanes of the present invention can be both rigid and elastomeric.
  • the thermoplastic polyurethane comprises the reaction product between a polyisocyanate and a diol component.
  • poiyisocyanates include, but are not limited to, a methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), a cycloaliphatic diisocyanate, a cyclohexylene diisocyanate, or a combination thereof.
  • any of the 4,4'-isomer, the 2,4'-isomer, or combinations thereof of methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) can be used.
  • Examples of other methylencbis(phcnyl isocyanates) include, but are not limited to, m- and p-phenylene diisocyanates; chlorophenylene diisocyanates; ⁇ , ⁇ '-xylylene diisocyanate; 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate and mixtures of these latter two isomers; toluidine diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate; 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, or isophorone diisocyanate.
  • the methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) is the 4,4'-isomer, the 2,4'-isomer and mixtures thereof.
  • cycloaliphatic diisocyanates include, but are not limited to. cyclohexylene diisocyanates (1,2-; 1,3-; or 1,4-), l-methyl-2,5-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, l-methyl-2,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, l-methyl-2,6-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-isopropylidenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate), or 4,4'-diisocyanatodicyclohexyl.
  • the isocyanate is a modified form of methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate).
  • These isocyanates have been reacted with an aliphatic glycol or a mixture of aliphatic glycols, such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,394,164: 3,644,457; 3,883,571; 4,031,026; 4,115,429; 4,1 18,41 1 ; and 4,299,347, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the diol component comprises at least one cycloaliphatic diol and at least one diol extender.
  • the cycloaliphatic diol comprises 1,3-cyclobutanediol; 1,3-cyclopentanediol; 1,2-cyclohexanediol;
  • the diol extender comprises ethylene glycol; 1,3-propanediol; 1,4-butanediol; 1,5-pentanediol; 1,6-hexanediol; 1 ,2-propanediol; l,3-butanediol; 2,3-butanediol; 1,3-pentanediol; 1,2-hexanediol; 3-methylpentane-l,5-diol; 1,9-nonanediol; 2-methyloctane-l ,8-diol; 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; hydroquinone bis(hydroxyethyl)ether; diethylene glycol; dipropylene glycol; tripropylene glycol; ethanolamine; N-methyl-diethanolamine; N-ethyldiethanolamine, or a combination thereof.
  • the diol component can be an ester diol formed by esterifying an aliphatic dicarboxyhc acid with an aliphatic diol listed above.
  • aliphatic dicarboxyhc acids include, but are not limited to, adipic acid, azelaic, acid, or glutaric acid.
  • from about 0.01 to about 0.8 mole of dicarboxyhc acid per mole of diol are reacted to produce the ester diol.
  • the diol component is the reaction product between an aliphatic diol or triol and a lactone. In one embodiment, 0.01 to 2 moles of lactone per mole of diol or triol are reacted with one another to produce the diol component.
  • aliphatic diols in this embodiment include, but are not limited to, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, neopentyl glycol, hexane-l ,6-diol, ethylene glycol, butane- 1,4-diol, or trimethylolpropane.
  • aliphatic triols include, but are not limited to, glycerol or trimethylolpropane.
  • the lactone is epsilon- caprolactone.
  • the cycloaliphatic diol is from 10 to 90% by weight of the diol component and the diol extender is from 10 to 90% by weight of the diol component, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the cycloaliphatic diol and diol extender is equal to 100%.
  • a polyol is used to prepare the thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • polyols examples include, but are not limited to, a polyether polyol, a polyester polyol, a hydroxy-terminated polycarbonate, a hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene, a hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, a hydroxy-terminated copolymer of a dialkyl siloxane and alkylene oxide, or a combination thereof.
  • the molecular weight of the polyol is from about 1,250 to about 10,000, preferably, from about 2,000 to about 8,000.
  • polyether polyols include, but are not limited to, polyoxyethylene glycol or polyoxypropylene glycol.
  • polyoxyethylene glycol or polyoxypropylene glycol can be capped with 1) ethylene oxide residues; 2) random and block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; 3) propoxylated tri- and tetrahydric alcohols such as glycerine, trimethylolpropane, or pentaerythritol; 4) polytetramethylene glycol, or 5) random and block copolymers of tetrahydrofuran and ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide.
  • the polyether polyol is a random and block copolymer of ethylene and propylene oxide or polytetramethylene glycol.
  • polyether polyols useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to vinyl reinforced polyether polyols, such as the polymerization product between styrene and/or acrylonitrile and the polyether polyol.
  • a polyether ester can be prepared by reacting a polyether polyol described above with a di- or trifunctional aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid.
  • carboxylic acids include, but are not limited to, adipic acid, azelaic acid, glutaric acid, isophthalic acid, terephthahc acid, or trimellitic acid.
  • the polyester polyol is the polymerization product between epsilon-caprolactone and ethylene glycol or ethanolamine.
  • the polyester polyol is prepared by the esterificalion of a polycarboxylic acid such as phthalic acid, terephthahc acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, or azelaic acid and with a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, butanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, 1 ,2,6-hexanetriol, or cyclohexancdiinethanol and the like.
  • a polycarboxylic acid such as phthalic acid, terephthahc acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, or azelaic acid
  • a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, butanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, 1 ,2,6-hexanetriol, or cyclohexancdiinethanol and the like.
  • the polyester polyol is prepared by esterifying a dimeric or trimeric fatty acid, optionally mixed with a monomeric fatty acid such as oleic acid, with a long chain aliphatic diol such as hexane-l ,6-diol.
  • a polyether diamine useful in the present invention is
  • JEFFAMINE ® which is manufactured by Jefferson Chemical Company.
  • polycarbonates used to make the thermoplastic polyurethanes of the present invention containing hydroxyl groups useful in the present invention are prepared by reacting a diol, such as propane- 1 ,3-diol, butane- 1 ,4-diol, hexan-l,6-diol, diethylene glycol, tri ethylene glycol, or dipropylene glycol, with a diarylcarbonate (e.g. diphenylcarbonate) or with phosgene.
  • a diol such as propane- 1 ,3-diol, butane- 1 ,4-diol, hexan-l,6-diol, diethylene glycol, tri ethylene glycol, or dipropylene glycol
  • a diarylcarbonate e.g. diphenylcarbonate
  • phosgene phosgene
  • silicon-containing polyethers useful in the present invention are copolymers of alkylene oxides with dialkylsiloxanes such as dimethylsiloxane.
  • the silicon-containing polyethers disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,057,595, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, can be used in the present invention.
  • hydroxy-terminated poly-butadiene copolymers sold under the tradename POLY BD ® Liquid Resins manufactured by Arco Chemical Company are useful in the present invention.
  • hydroxy- and amine-terminated butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymers sold under the tradename HYCAR ® hydroxyl-terminated (HT) Liquid Polymers and amine-terminated (AT) Liquid Polymers, respectively can be used in the present invention.
  • the thermoplastic polyurethane is ISOPLAST ® , which is manufactured by the Dow Chemical Company. There are a number of different thermoplastic polyurethanes sold under the tradename ISOPLAST ® ; however, these thermoplastic polyurethanes are typically the reaction product between methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) and a number of different glycols. In one embodiment, the thermoplastic polyurethane is ISOPLAST ® 301, which is the reaction product between methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), 1,6-hexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, and polytetramethylene glycol.
  • the thermoplastic polyurethane is from 1 to 10%, preferably from 1 to 9%, more preferably from 1 to 8%, more preferably from 1 to 7%, more preferably from 1 to 6%, more preferably from 1 to 5%, more preferably from 1 to 4%, more preferably from 1 to 3%, more preferably from 1 to 2%, or even more preferably from 1 to 1.5% by weight of the mixture, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the thermoplastic polyurethane and the polymer is equal to 100 %
  • thermoplastic polyurethane is required to produce a composite with superior physical properties.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane which is disclosed in the prior art, the viscosity of the resultant composite prior to solid state polymerization also increases. The higher the viscosity, the more difficult it is to extrude the composite.
  • the present invention avoids these processing problems by using only a small amount of thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the polymer is poly(butylene terephthalate) and the thermoplastic polyurethane is ISOPLAST ® 301. In one embodiment, the polymer is poly(ethylene terephthalate) and the thermoplastic polyurethane is ISOPLAST ® 301.
  • additives known in the art can be added to the polymer composite.
  • additives include, but are not limited to, a colorant, a filler, a processing aid, a plasticizer, a nucleating compound, a stabilizer, an antioxidant, a mold release agent, a flame retardant, a reinforcing agent, or a combination thereof.
  • the reinforcing agent comprises calcium carbonate, talc, iron oxide, mica. montmorillonite, clay, or a combination thereof.
  • the additive can be added to the composition prior to solid state polymerization. In another embodiment, the additive can be added to the composition after the composition has been solid state polymerized.
  • the composition comprising the polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane can be admixed using techniques known in the art.
  • the composition can be prepared during the synthesis of the polymer (e.g. addition of the thermoplastic polyurethane to a mixture of monomers used to produce the polymer), melt processing the thermoplastic polyurethane into the polymer after the polymer is produced, or by admixing the polymer and the thermoplastic polyurethane in a solvent.
  • the composition prior to solid state polymerization, can be produced by a Brabender Plastograph, Haake plastograph melt mixer (Rheocord 90), a single screw extruder, or a twin screw extruder (such as Werner Pfleiderer equipment).
  • the temperature and time required to melt mix the polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane depends upon the polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane selected; however, one of ordinary skill in the art can deduce these parameters.
  • the composition comprising the polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane
  • the composition is extruded into chips or pellets.
  • the pellets or chips are now ready to undergo solid state polymerization.
  • solid state polymerization is conducted at an elevated temperature, wherein the temperature is below the melting point of the polymer.
  • solid state polymerization is conducted under a stream of an inert gas in order to remove volatile reaction products.
  • solid state polymerization is conducted at a temperature just below the melting point of the polymer having at least one isocyanate reactive group.
  • plug flow reactors can be used to solid state polymerize the polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the pellets or chips are introduced into the top of a tall, cylindrical vessel and removed from the bottom at the same rate.
  • the temperature at which the pellets or chips are heated can vary depending upon the polymer selected. In one embodiment, the pellets or chips are heated at from 180 to 250 °C.
  • the residence time in the vessel can also vary. In one embodiment, the residence time is from 4 to 18 hours.
  • the invention further relates to the polymer compositions produced by the present invention.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane depolymerizes to produce an isocyanate intermediate in situ.
  • the polymer which has at least one isocyanate reactive group, reacts with the isocyanate intermediate. This ultimately results in the chain extension of the polymer, which increases the molecular weight of the polymer.
  • the thermoplastic polyurethane increases the solid state rate, which translates to the production of high molecular weight compositions using shorter heating and residence times. Additionally, the process of the present invention does not use toxic and hazardous isocyanates, which are disclosed in the art as chain extenders, to increase the molecular weight of the polymer.
  • any of the polymer compositions produced by the present invention can be molded or shaped to produce a desired article by using extrusion, pultrusion, injection . molding, compression molding, blow molding, extrusion blow molding, or spinning techniques.
  • Examples 1A-B and 3A-B contain no thermoplastic polyurethane, while Examples 2A-B and 4A-B contain 3% of ISOPLAST 5 301.
  • Table 1 shows that after both 6 and 8 hours of solid state time, the molecular weights of Examples 2A-B and 4A-B are significantly higher than those of Examples 1 A-B and 3A-B. Additionally, Examples 2A-B and 4A-B obtain higher molecular weights after only 6 hours of solid stating when compared to Examples IB and 3B, which were solid state polymerized for S hours in the absence of the thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the data in Table 1 demonstrates that a thermoplastic polyurethane can increase the solid stating rate as well as increase the molecular weight of the polymer.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Other Resins Obtained By Reactions Not Involving Carbon-To-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé d'élaboration d'une composition de polymères par polymérisation à l'état solide d'une composition comprenant un polymère à au moins un groupe réactif isocyanate, et un polyuréthane thermoplastique. Le polymère est de préférence sélectionné parmi un polyester, un polymère en cristaux liquides ou un polyamide. L'invention porte également sur la composition ainsi élaborée et sur un article en étant fait.
EP98944621A 1997-09-04 1998-08-31 Additifs de polyurethane accroissant les taux de polymerisation a l'etat solide Withdrawn EP1017743A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5761797P 1997-09-04 1997-09-04
US57617P 1997-09-04
US14329198A 1998-08-28 1998-08-28
US143291 1998-08-28
PCT/US1998/018017 WO1999011711A1 (fr) 1997-09-04 1998-08-31 Additifs de polyurethane accroissant les taux de polymerisation a l'etat solide

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EP1017743A1 true EP1017743A1 (fr) 2000-07-12

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CA2417485C (fr) 2002-01-29 2010-08-17 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Compose de polyurethane thermoplastique et methode de production dudit compose
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CN108699214A (zh) 2016-02-23 2018-10-23 伊士曼化工公司 异氰酸酯改性硬质热塑性聚合物组合物
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