EP1011122A2 - Contact unit for electromagnetic relays - Google Patents

Contact unit for electromagnetic relays Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1011122A2
EP1011122A2 EP99123867A EP99123867A EP1011122A2 EP 1011122 A2 EP1011122 A2 EP 1011122A2 EP 99123867 A EP99123867 A EP 99123867A EP 99123867 A EP99123867 A EP 99123867A EP 1011122 A2 EP1011122 A2 EP 1011122A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
spring
unit according
points
contact spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99123867A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1011122B1 (en
EP1011122B8 (en
EP1011122A3 (en
Inventor
Johannes Oberndorfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Electric Works Europe AG
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Works Europe AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Works Europe AG filed Critical Matsushita Electric Works Europe AG
Priority to EP05012458A priority Critical patent/EP1575075B1/en
Priority to DK99123867T priority patent/DK1011122T3/en
Priority to SI9930829T priority patent/SI1011122T1/en
Publication of EP1011122A2 publication Critical patent/EP1011122A2/en
Publication of EP1011122A3 publication Critical patent/EP1011122A3/en
Publication of EP1011122B1 publication Critical patent/EP1011122B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1011122B8 publication Critical patent/EP1011122B8/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/548—Contact arrangements for miniaturised relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2075—T-shaped bridge; bridging contact has lateral arm for mounting resiliently or on a pivot
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2083—Bridging contact surfaces directed at an oblique angle with respect to the movement of the bridge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts

Definitions

  • Twin contact springs as they are similar from DE-B-11 75 807, DE-U-94 04 775 and DE-C-972 072 are known, but there is Difficulty that the spring arms formed by the longitudinal slot easier break as the undivided feather. In such a case, the relay is indeed in itself still functional, but the broken spring arm can unforeseen short circuits.
  • Another problem with the known Twin contact spring is that the individual spring arms a lot are softer than the undivided spring, so that when welding a contact the corresponding spring arm is not sufficiently stiff to the actuator to hold in the closed contact position. For these reasons is the use of the well-known twin contact springs for safety relays not permitted.
  • the invention has for its object to a contact unit create the reliability of the contacting in safety relays, i.e. Relay with positively driven contacts, increased.
  • the contact spring is attached Two contact points are provided, which are transverse to the longitudinal extension of the contact spring are arranged and with the same fixed contact or with this the intended counter contact points.
  • the fact, that the contact spring is not only flexible in at least one area, but also has increased torsional capability around its longitudinal axis, that both contact pairs close even if that Contact pieces carrying the free end of the contact spring is not parallel to the the fixed contact carrying the mating contacts runs.
  • the contact unit according to the invention the contact spring continuously in its preserved in one piece, so that spring breakage is less likely and, if necessary, to a complete failure of the relay due to an interruption leads.
  • the two contact pairs can each have at least two separate, provided on contact spring and / or fixed contact be educated. According to claim 2, it is alternatively possible to use the two Contact points on the contact spring and / or on the fixed contact in the form to train a common contact piece.
  • the design of the actuator guiding the contact spring according to the Claims 8 and 9 is appropriate to that for the relay according to the invention to effectively utilize typical torsion behavior of the contact spring.
  • the contact unit designed so that the contact spring relative to the fixed contact is consciously inclined, so that a first closing and last opening Pre-contact and a last closing and first opening main contact arise.
  • This design has the advantage of softer contact with reduced bounce behavior.
  • the contact unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially consists of a contact spring 10, which is fastened at one end to a carrier 11 , for example riveted, a fixed contact 12 opposite the free end of the contact spring 10 and one which engages on the contact spring 10 Actuator 13, which in the exemplary embodiment assumed here is coupled to a relay armature 14 indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the free end of the contact spring 10 opposite the fixed contact 12 is widened with respect to its main part and carries two contact pieces 15, 16 which are arranged next to one another (in the drawing one below the other) transversely to the longitudinal extension of the contact spring 10 .
  • the fixed contact 12 is provided with two contact pieces 17, 18 , which face the contact pieces 15, 16 of the contact spring 10 and each cooperate with them.
  • the free end of the contact spring 10 is at an angle to the fixed contact 12, so that the straight line connecting the contact pieces 15, 16 of the contact spring 10 intersects the straight line connecting the contact pieces 17, 18 of the fixed contact 12 at an acute angle .
  • This inclined position of the free end of the contact spring 10 arises from the fact that the contact spring is pre-arranged around its longitudinal axis in a torsion region 19 located between its fixed and free end.
  • the actuator 13 is arranged and designed so that it engages the contact spring 10 near its free end and can engage with both opposite surfaces of the contact spring 10 .
  • the contact areas 20, 21 of the actuator 13 are convex in the direction of the respective surface of the contact spring 10 .
  • the armature 14 If the armature 14 is actuated in the direction of arrow A when the relay is actuated, it moves the actuator 13 to the right in FIG. Figure 2 shows the moment at which the upper contact piece 15 of the contact spring 10 just touches the contact piece 17 of the fixed contact 12 .
  • the front end of the contact spring 10 pivots about the point of contact between the contact pieces 15 and 17, this pivoting movement being ensured by the torsion area 19 being adequately dimensioned until the lower contact pieces 16, 18 meet one another touch.
  • the subsequent further movement of the actuator 13 to the right in FIG. 2 to the end position of the armature 14 now causes the fixed contact 12 to be deflected and the contact force on the two contact pairs to be increased.
  • the upper contact pair 15, 17 forms a pre-contact and the lower contact pair 16, 18 a main contact. Since the first closing and last opening pre-contact forms a load contact and wears out more quickly, as can be seen from FIG. 1, the contact piece 15 is dimensioned larger than the contact piece 16 belonging to the main or signal contact . Furthermore, the contact pieces 15, 17 consist of the pre-contact less noble material than the contact pieces 16, 18 of the main contact. For example, the contact pieces 15, 17 made of AgSnO and the contact pieces 16, 18 made of an AuAg alloy.
  • the electromagnetic relay partially shown in the perspective view in FIG. 3 (omitting the housing cap) comprises a base body 22, from which a yoke leg 23 of a yoke (not shown) penetrating a coil protrudes.
  • the yoke leg 23 is located between the two arms of the relay armature 14 which is generally H-shaped in this exemplary embodiment and which is pivotably mounted about a vertical central axis on a bearing journal 24 attached to the base body 22 .
  • the actuator 13 coupled to the relay armature 14 is displaceably guided in its plane by guide columns 25 formed on the base body 22 and, as shown in more detail in FIGS. 4 to 6, engages around the contact spring 10, whose contact pieces 15, 16 with the contact pieces 17 attached to the fixed contact 12 , 18 work together.
  • the relay is shown equipped with two contact springs 10 . Pins 26 of the fixed contacts 12 protrude from the base body 22 downward.
  • the torsion area 19 is realized by reducing the spring width.
  • the spring 10 can also be reduced in its material thickness in this area 19 or treated in some other way in order to increase the torsional capacity.
  • the area 19 is located between the fixed end of the contact spring 10 riveted to the contact carrier 11 and the engagement area of the actuator 13.
  • the contact spring 10 has its full width in this engagement area and at its fixed end, which is further increased at the free end, to create enough distance between the contact pieces 15 and 16 .
  • the actuator 13 engages the contact spring 10 in a stiffened area.
  • the contact spring 10 extends between the two contact areas 20, 21 of the actuator 13, of which the area is made convex or crowned 20 to assist in pressing the contact spring 10 to pivot about its central longitudinal axis allow and thus ensure contact at both contact pairs 15, 17 and 16, 18 .
  • a convex or spherical design is not necessary. If the contact spring 10 is biased into the closed position, the surface 21 of the actuator 13 which bears against it when it is opened should be spherical.
  • the two contact points located on the fixed contact 12 are formed on a common contact piece 27 , the contact surface of which is dimensioned such that it can cooperate with the two separate contact pieces 15 and 16 of the contact spring.
  • the contact surface of the common contact piece 27 is spherical.
  • Another conceivable alternative is to arrange a single, continuous contact piece both on the contact spring 10 and on the fixed contact 12 and to provide at least one of them with two projections for producing two spatially separated contact points.
  • the contact spring 10 is provided with a bead 28 in the direction of its longitudinal center axis, which increases the rigidity of the contact spring 10 in its longitudinal direction in the area between the contact pieces 15, 16 and the engagement area of the actuator 13 .
  • stiffening of the contact spring 10 can be achieved by increasing its thickness in the area between the contact pieces 15, 16 and the engagement area of the actuator 13 .
  • stiffening is in the bead 28 shown in FIG. 7 , it can pass over the entire length of the contact spring 10 up to its end fastened to the contact carrier 10 ; such a bead 28 running in the direction of the longitudinal central axis and thus in the neutral zone of the contact spring 10 leads to a reduced flexibility also in the area 19, but only slightly impairs the torsional capability in this area.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

A contact unit, comprising an undivided contact spring (10) with a flexible torsion region (19) between its fixed end and its contact points, is new. A contact unit comprises a stationary contact (12) and a contact spring (10) which has two transverse contact points (15,16) on an undivided spring end section and, between its fixed end and the contact points, a flexible region (19) capable of torsion about its longitudinal axis.

Description

Zur Erhöhung der Kontaktsicherheit von elektromagnetischen Relais ist es beispielsweise aus DE-C-32 24 013 bekannt, die Kontaktfeder durch einen Längsschlitz mit zwei federnden Enden zu versehen und jedes Ende mit einem Kontaktstück auszustatten, das mit einem entsprechenden Gegenkontaktstück an einem gemeinsamen Festkontakt zusammenarbeitet. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß beide Kontaktpaare etwa infolge von Verunreinigungen durch kleinste Glasfasern, Spritzgrate oder dergleichen ausfallen, ist wesentlich geringer als bei Einzelkontakten.To increase the contact reliability of electromagnetic relays it is known, for example from DE-C-32 24 013, through the contact spring to provide a longitudinal slot with two resilient ends and each end to be equipped with a contact piece that with a corresponding counter contact piece working together on a common fixed contact. The likelihood that both contact pairs may be due to contamination fail due to the smallest glass fibers, splash burrs or the like, is much lower than for individual contacts.

Bei derartigen "Twin"-Kontaktfedern, wie sie ähnlich auch aus DE-B-11 75 807, DE-U-94 04 775 und DE-C-972 072 bekannt sind, besteht aber die Schwierigkeit, daß die durch den Längsschlitz gebildeten Federarme leichter brechen als die ungeteilte Feder. In einem solchen Fall ist zwar das Relais an sich noch funktionsfähig, der abgebrochene Federarm kann aber zu unvorhergesehenen Kurzschlüssen führen. Ein weiteres Problem der bekannten Twin-Kontaktfeder besteht darin, daß die einzelnen Federarme viel weicher sind als die ungeteilte Feder, so daß bei Verschweißen eines Kontaktes der entsprechende Federarm nicht genügend steif ist, um den Betätiger in der geschlossenen Kontaktstellung festzuhalten. Aus diesen Gründen ist der Einsatz der bekannten Twin-Kontaktfedern bei Sicherheitsrelais nicht zulässig.With such "twin" contact springs, as they are similar from DE-B-11 75 807, DE-U-94 04 775 and DE-C-972 072 are known, but there is Difficulty that the spring arms formed by the longitudinal slot easier break as the undivided feather. In such a case, the relay is indeed in itself still functional, but the broken spring arm can unforeseen short circuits. Another problem with the known Twin contact spring is that the individual spring arms a lot are softer than the undivided spring, so that when welding a contact the corresponding spring arm is not sufficiently stiff to the actuator to hold in the closed contact position. For these reasons is the use of the well-known twin contact springs for safety relays not permitted.

Aus DE-C-32 24 468 ist eine Kontaktanordnung bekannt, bei der die Kontaktfeder zwei mit getrennten Festkontakten zusammenarbeitende Kontaktstücke trägt. Abgesehen davon, daß bei derartigen Brückenkontakten der Gesamt-Kontaktwiderstand doppelt so hoch ist wie bei einem Einzelkontakt, erhöht diese Anordnung nicht die Sicherheit der Kontaktgabe sondern die der Kontaktöffnung.From DE-C-32 24 468 a contact arrangement is known in which the Contact spring two contact pieces working together with separate fixed contacts wearing. Apart from the fact that with such bridge contacts the total contact resistance is twice that of a single contact, this arrangement does not increase the safety of contacting but that of the contact opening.

Bekannt sind ferner sogenannte "Kronenkontakte", bei denen mindestens eine von zwei zusammenwirkenden Kontaktnieten einen erhabenen Rand aufweist, so daß bei geringer gegenseitiger Versetzung der beiden Nieten zwei Kontaktstellen entstehen. Abgesehen davon, daß die so gebildeten Kontaktstellen sehr kleinflächig sind, nutzt sich der erhabene Rand beim Betrieb verhältnismäßig rasch ab, so daß die beabsichtigte Doppelkontaktwirkung schnell verloren geht. So-called "crown contacts" are also known, in which at least one of two interacting contact rivets one raised Has edge so that with little mutual displacement of the two rivets two contact points are created. Apart from the fact that the so educated Contact points are very small, the raised edge is used when Operation relatively quickly, so that the intended double contact effect is quickly lost.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kontakteinheit zu schaffen, die die Zuverlässigkeit der Kontaktgabe bei Sicherheitsrelais, d.h. Relais mit zwangsgeführten Kontakten, erhöht.The invention has for its object to a contact unit create the reliability of the contacting in safety relays, i.e. Relay with positively driven contacts, increased.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet.The solution to this problem according to the invention is characterized in claim 1.

Bei der danach gestalteten Kontakteinheit sind an der Kontaktfeder zwei Kontaktstellen vorgesehen, die quer zur Längserstreckung der Kontaktfeder angeordnet sind und mit demselben Festkontakt bzw. mit an diesem vorgesehenen Gegenkontaktstellen zusammenarbeiten. Die Tatsache, daß die Kontaktfeder in mindestens einem Bereich nicht nur biegsam ist, sondern auch um ihre Längsachse erhöhte Torsionsfähigkeit aufweist, gewährleistet, daß beide Kontaktpaare auch dann schließen, wenn das die Kontaktstücke tragende freie Ende der Kontaktfeder nicht parallel zu dem die Gegenkontakte tragenden Festkontakt verläuft.In the case of the contact unit designed thereafter, the contact spring is attached Two contact points are provided, which are transverse to the longitudinal extension of the contact spring are arranged and with the same fixed contact or with this the intended counter contact points. The fact, that the contact spring is not only flexible in at least one area, but also has increased torsional capability around its longitudinal axis, that both contact pairs close even if that Contact pieces carrying the free end of the contact spring is not parallel to the the fixed contact carrying the mating contacts runs.

Im Gegensatz zu der oben erwähnten Twin-Kontaktfeder ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kontakteinheit die Kontaktfeder durchgehend in ihrer einteiligen Form erhalten, so daß Federbruch weniger wahrscheinlich ist und gegebenenfalls zu einem vollständigen Ausfall des Relais durch Unterbrechung führt.In contrast to the twin contact spring mentioned above, the contact unit according to the invention the contact spring continuously in its preserved in one piece, so that spring breakage is less likely and, if necessary, to a complete failure of the relay due to an interruption leads.

Die beiden Kontaktpaare können jeweils von wenigstens zwei getrennten, an Kontaktfeder und/oder Festkontakt vorgesehenen Kontaktstücken gebildet sein. Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist es alternativ möglich, die beiden Kontaktstellen an der Kontaktfeder und/oder am Festkontakt in Form eines gemeinsamen Kontaktstücks auszubilden.The two contact pairs can each have at least two separate, provided on contact spring and / or fixed contact be educated. According to claim 2, it is alternatively possible to use the two Contact points on the contact spring and / or on the fixed contact in the form to train a common contact piece.

Vorteilhafte Gestaltungen für den Bereich erhöhter Torsionsfähigkeit sind in Anspruch 3 angegeben.Advantageous designs for the area of increased torsion ability are given in claim 3.

Die Weiterbildungen der Erfindung nach den Ansprüchen 4 bis 7 sind zweckmäßig, um eine Zwangsführung der Kontaktfeder durch den Betätiger, insbesondere auch beim Öffnen, zu erreichen.The developments of the invention according to claims 4 to 7 are expedient in order to force the contact spring through the actuator, especially when opening.

Die Gestaltung des die Kontaktfeder führenden Betätigers gemäß den Ansprüchen 8 und 9 ist zweckmäßig, um das für das erfindungsgemäße Relais typische Torsionsverhalten der Kontaktfeder wirkungsvoll auszunutzen.The design of the actuator guiding the contact spring according to the Claims 8 and 9 is appropriate to that for the relay according to the invention to effectively utilize typical torsion behavior of the contact spring.

In der Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 10 ist die Kontakteinheit so ausgebildet, daß die Kontaktfeder gegenüber dem Festkontakt bewußt geneigt ist, so daß ein zuerst schließender und zuletzt öffnender Vorkontakt und ein zuletzt schließender und zuerst öffnender Hauptkontakt entstehen. Diese Gestaltung hat den Vorteil einer weicheren Kontaktgabe mit verringertem Prellverhalten.In the development of the invention according to claim 10, the contact unit designed so that the contact spring relative to the fixed contact is consciously inclined, so that a first closing and last opening Pre-contact and a last closing and first opening main contact arise. This design has the advantage of softer contact with reduced bounce behavior.

In der Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach den Ansprüchen 11 bis 13 ist das zuerst schließende und zuletzt öffnende Kontaktpaar mit den für einen Lastkontakt zweckmäßigen Eigenschaften ausgestattet, während das andere Kontaktpaar die Qualitäten eines Signalkontakts aufweist.In the embodiment of the invention according to claims 11 to 13 the first closing and last opening contact pair with those for one Load contact functional properties equipped while the other Contact pair that has the qualities of a signal contact.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert; darin zeigt

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Kontakteinheit in Seitenansicht zur Veranschaulichung des Prinzips der Erfindung,
Figur 2
eine Stirnansicht in Richtung des Pfeils II der Figur 1,
Figur 3
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Teils eines elektromagnetischen Relais mit einem praktischen Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Kontakteinheit,
Figur 4
eine der Figur 1 ähnliche Darstellung der bei dem Relais nach Figur 3 verwendeten Kontakteinheit,
Figur 5
eine Stirnansicht des Betätigers in dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 3 mit einer Kontaktfeder,
Figur 6
eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Teils der Figur 5, und
Figur 7
eine Variante der Kontaktanordnung in einer Figur 2 entsprechenden schematischen Darstellung.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings; in it shows
Figure 1
1 shows a schematic representation of a contact unit in a side view to illustrate the principle of the invention,
Figure 2
2 shows an end view in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1,
Figure 3
2 shows a perspective illustration of part of an electromagnetic relay with a practical exemplary embodiment of the contact unit according to the invention,
Figure 4
2 shows a representation similar to FIG. 1 of the contact unit used in the relay according to FIG. 3,
Figure 5
3 shows an end view of the actuator in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 with a contact spring,
Figure 6
an enlarged view of part of Figure 5, and
Figure 7
a variant of the contact arrangement in a figure 2 corresponding schematic representation.

Die in der Figur 1 und 2 dargestellte Kontakteinheit besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Kontaktfeder 10, die mit ihrem einen Ende an einem Träger 11 befestigt, etwa angenietet, ist, einem dem freien Ende der Kontaktfeder 10 gegenüberstehenden Festkontakt 12 und einem an der Kontaktfeder 10 angreifenden Betätiger 13, der in dem hier angenommenen Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem in Figur 2 angedeuteten Relaisanker 14 gekoppelt ist.The contact unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially consists of a contact spring 10, which is fastened at one end to a carrier 11 , for example riveted, a fixed contact 12 opposite the free end of the contact spring 10 and one which engages on the contact spring 10 Actuator 13, which in the exemplary embodiment assumed here is coupled to a relay armature 14 indicated in FIG. 2.

Das dem Festkontakt 12 gegenüberstehende freie Ende der Kontaktfeder 10 ist gegenüber ihrem Hauptteil verbreitert und trägt zwei Kontaktstücke 15, 16, die quer zur Längserstreckung der Kontaktfeder 10 nebeneinander (in der Zeichnung untereinander) angeordnet sind. Ebenso ist der Festkontakt 12 mit zwei Kontaktstücken 17, 18 versehen, die den Kontaktstücken 15, 16 der Kontaktfeder 10 gegenüberstehen und jeweils mit diesen zusammenarbeiten. The free end of the contact spring 10 opposite the fixed contact 12 is widened with respect to its main part and carries two contact pieces 15, 16 which are arranged next to one another (in the drawing one below the other) transversely to the longitudinal extension of the contact spring 10 . Likewise, the fixed contact 12 is provided with two contact pieces 17, 18 , which face the contact pieces 15, 16 of the contact spring 10 and each cooperate with them.

Wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich, steht das freie Ende der Kontaktfeder 10 unter einem Winkel zu dem Festkontakt 12, so daß die die Kontaktstücke 15, 16 der Kontaktfeder 10 verbindende Gerade die die Kontaktstücke 17, 18 des Festkontakts 12 verbindende Gerade unter einem spitzen Winkel schneidet. Diese Schrägstellung des freien Endes der Kontaktfeder 10 kommt dadurch zustande, daß die Kontaktfeder in einem zwischen ihrem festen und freien Ende gelegenen Torsionsbereich 19 um ihre Längsachse vortordiert ist.As can be seen from Figure 2, the free end of the contact spring 10 is at an angle to the fixed contact 12, so that the straight line connecting the contact pieces 15, 16 of the contact spring 10 intersects the straight line connecting the contact pieces 17, 18 of the fixed contact 12 at an acute angle . This inclined position of the free end of the contact spring 10 arises from the fact that the contact spring is pre-arranged around its longitudinal axis in a torsion region 19 located between its fixed and free end.

Der Betätiger 13 ist so angeordnet und gestaltet, daß er an der Kontaktfeder 10 nahe deren freiem Ende angreift und mit beiden gegenüberliegenden Flächen der Kontaktfeder 10 in Eingriff treten kann. Dabei sind die Berührungsbereiche 20, 21 des Betätigers 13 in Richtung der jeweiligen Fläche der Kontaktfeder 10 konvex geformt.The actuator 13 is arranged and designed so that it engages the contact spring 10 near its free end and can engage with both opposite surfaces of the contact spring 10 . The contact areas 20, 21 of the actuator 13 are convex in the direction of the respective surface of the contact spring 10 .

Wird bei Betätigung des Relais der Anker 14 in Richtung des Pfeiles A betätigt, so bewegt er den Betätiger 13 in Figur 2 nach rechts. Figur 2 zeigt den Moment, in dem das obere Kontaktstück 15 der Kontaktfeder 10 das Kontaktstück 17 des Festkontakts 12 gerade berührt. Bei weiterer Bewegung des Betätigers 13 nach rechts in Figur 2 schwenkt das vordere Ende der Kontaktfeder 10 um die Berührungsstelle zwischen den Kontaktstücken 15 und 17, wobei diese Schwenkbewegung durch eine ausreichend bemessene Tordierbarkeit des Torsionsbereichs 19 gewährleistet ist, bis die unteren Kontaktstücke 16, 18 einander berühren. Die anschließende weitere Bewegung des Betätigtes 13 nach rechts in Figur 2 bis zur Endstellung des Ankers 14 bewirkt nun, daß der Festkontakt 12 ausgelenkt und dabei die Kontaktkraft an den beiden Kontaktpaaren erhöht wird.If the armature 14 is actuated in the direction of arrow A when the relay is actuated, it moves the actuator 13 to the right in FIG. Figure 2 shows the moment at which the upper contact piece 15 of the contact spring 10 just touches the contact piece 17 of the fixed contact 12 . Upon further movement of the actuator 13 to the right in FIG. 2, the front end of the contact spring 10 pivots about the point of contact between the contact pieces 15 and 17, this pivoting movement being ensured by the torsion area 19 being adequately dimensioned until the lower contact pieces 16, 18 meet one another touch. The subsequent further movement of the actuator 13 to the right in FIG. 2 to the end position of the armature 14 now causes the fixed contact 12 to be deflected and the contact force on the two contact pairs to be increased.

Während der beschriebenen Schwenkbewegung des die Kontaktstücke 15, 16 tragenden freien Endes der Kontaktfeder 10 rollt diese an dem konvexen Berührungsbereichs 20 des Betätigers 13 ab.During the described pivoting movement of the free end of the contact spring 10 carrying the contact pieces 15, 16, the contact spring 10 rolls on the convex contact area 20 of the actuator 13 .

Zum Öffnen wird der Relaisanker 14 in Richtung des Pfeiles B bewegt, so daß nun der gegenüberliegende Berührungsbereich 21 des Betätigers 13 mit der anderen Fläche der Kontaktfeder 10 in Eingriff gelangt und bewirkt, daß die Kontaktstücke 15, 16 der Kontaktfeder 10 von den Kontaktstücken 17, 18 des Festkontakts 12 abgehoben werden. Dabei öffnet sich zunächst das untere Kontaktpaar 16, 18 und anschließend das obere Kontaktpaar 15, 17. To open the relay armature 14 is moved in the direction of arrow B, so that the opposite contact area 21 of the actuator 13 comes into engagement with the other surface of the contact spring 10 and causes the contact pieces 15, 16 of the contact spring 10 from the contact pieces 17, 18 of the fixed contact 12 are lifted off. First, the lower pair of contacts 16, 18 and then the upper pair of contacts 15, 17 open .

Gemäß der erläuterten Funktionsweise bildet das obere Kontaktpaar 15, 17 einen Vorkontakt und das untere Kontaktpaar 16, 18 einen Hauptkontakt. Da der zuerst schließende und zuletzt öffnende Vorkontakt einen Lastkontakt bildet und rascher verschleißt, ist, wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich, das Kontaktstück 15 größer dimensioniert als das zu dem Haupt- oder Signalkontakt gehörige Kontaktstück 16. Ferner bestehen die Kontaktstücke 15, 17 des Vorkontakts aus weniger edlem Material als die Kontaktstücke 16, 18 des Hauptkontakts. Beispielsweise können die Kontaktstücke 15, 17 aus AgSnO und die Kontaktstücke 16, 18 aus einer AuAg-Legierung bestehen.According to the described mode of operation, the upper contact pair 15, 17 forms a pre-contact and the lower contact pair 16, 18 a main contact. Since the first closing and last opening pre-contact forms a load contact and wears out more quickly, as can be seen from FIG. 1, the contact piece 15 is dimensioned larger than the contact piece 16 belonging to the main or signal contact . Furthermore, the contact pieces 15, 17 consist of the pre-contact less noble material than the contact pieces 16, 18 of the main contact. For example, the contact pieces 15, 17 made of AgSnO and the contact pieces 16, 18 made of an AuAg alloy.

Anstelle der oben erwähnten Vortordierung des Torsionsbereichs 19 zur Erzielung der in Figur 2 veranschaulichten Schrägstellung des freien Endes der Kontaktfeder 10 gegenüber dem Festkontakt 12 läßt sich die gleiche Funktionsweise auch durch Schrägstellung des Festkontaktes 12 erreichen oder auch durch Schrägstellung des Trägers 11 samt der Kontaktfeder 10, die in diesem Fall in der Ruhestellung eben ist.Instead of the above-mentioned Vortordierung of the torsion 19 to achieve the illustrated in Figure 2 inclined position of the free end of the contact spring 10 against the fixed contact 12, the same operation can be achieved 12 or by tilting of the carrier 11 together with the contact spring 10 by inclination of the fixed contact, which is flat in the rest position in this case.

Das in der perspektivischen Darstellung der Figur 3 (unter Weglassung der Gehäusekappe) teilweise gezeigte elektromagnetische Relais umfaßt einen Grundkörper 22, aus dem ein Jochschenkel 23 eines eine (nicht gezeigte) Spule durchsetzenden Joches herausragt. Der Jochschenkel 23 befindet sich zwischen den beiden Armen des in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel generell H-förmigen Relaisankers 14, der um eine senkrechte Mittelachse an einem am Grundkörper 22 angebrachten Lagerzapfen 24 schwenkbar gelagert ist.The electromagnetic relay partially shown in the perspective view in FIG. 3 (omitting the housing cap) comprises a base body 22, from which a yoke leg 23 of a yoke (not shown) penetrating a coil protrudes. The yoke leg 23 is located between the two arms of the relay armature 14 which is generally H-shaped in this exemplary embodiment and which is pivotably mounted about a vertical central axis on a bearing journal 24 attached to the base body 22 .

Der mit dem Relaisanker 14 gekoppelte Betätiger 13 wird von am Grundkörper 22 angeformten Führungssäulen 25 in seiner Ebene verschiebbar geführt und umgreift, wie in Figur 4 bis 6 näher dargestellt, die Kontaktfeder 10, deren Kontaktstücke 15, 16 mit den am Festkontakt 12 angebrachten Kontaktstücken 17, 18 zusammenarbeiten. In Figur 3 ist das Relais mit zwei Kontaktfedern 10 bestückt dargestellt. Anschlußstifte 26 der Festkontakte 12 ragen aus dem Grundkörper 22 nach unten heraus.The actuator 13 coupled to the relay armature 14 is displaceably guided in its plane by guide columns 25 formed on the base body 22 and, as shown in more detail in FIGS. 4 to 6, engages around the contact spring 10, whose contact pieces 15, 16 with the contact pieces 17 attached to the fixed contact 12 , 18 work together. In Figure 3, the relay is shown equipped with two contact springs 10 . Pins 26 of the fixed contacts 12 protrude from the base body 22 downward.

Bei der in Figur 4 näher gezeigten Kontaktfeder 10 ist der Torsionsbereich 19 durch Verringerung der Federbreite realisiert. Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu kann die Feder 10 in diesem Bereich 19 auch in ihrer Materialstärke reduziert oder in sonstiger Weise behandelt sein, um die Torsionsfähigkeit zu erhöhen. In the contact spring 10 shown in more detail in FIG. 4, the torsion area 19 is realized by reducing the spring width. As an alternative or in addition to this, the spring 10 can also be reduced in its material thickness in this area 19 or treated in some other way in order to increase the torsional capacity.

Wie dargestellt, befindet sich der Bereich 19 zwischen dem am Kontaktträger 11 angenieteten festen Ende der Kontaktfeder 10 und dem Angriffsbereich des Betätigers 13. Die Kontaktfeder 10 hat in diesem Angriffsbereich sowie an ihrem festen Ende ihre volle Breite, die am freien Ende nochmals erhöht ist, um zwischen den Kontaktstücken 15 und 16 genügend Abstand zu schaffen. Der Betätiger 13 greift an der Kontaktfeder 10 in einem versteiften Bereich an.As shown, the area 19 is located between the fixed end of the contact spring 10 riveted to the contact carrier 11 and the engagement area of the actuator 13. The contact spring 10 has its full width in this engagement area and at its fixed end, which is further increased at the free end, to create enough distance between the contact pieces 15 and 16 . The actuator 13 engages the contact spring 10 in a stiffened area.

Wie aus Figur 5 und der Teilvergrößerung der Figur 6 hervorgeht, verläuft die Kontaktfeder 10 zwischen den beiden Berührungsbereichen 20, 21 des Betätigers 13, von denen der Bereich 20 konvex oder ballig gestaltet ist, um beim Andrücken der Kontaktfeder 10 ein Schwenken um ihre Längsmittelachse zu gestatten und damit eine Kontaktgabe an beiden Kontaktpaaren 15, 17 und 16, 18 zu gewährleisten. Bei dem gegenüberliegenden Berührungsbereich 21, der mit der Kontaktfeder 10 beim Öffnen in Berührung gelangt, ist eine konvexe oder ballige Gestaltung nicht erforderlich. Sofern die Kontaktfeder 10 in die Schließstellung vorgespannt ist, soll die beim Öffnen an ihr anliegende Fläche 21 des Betätigers 13 ballig sein.As is apparent from Figure 5 and the partial enlargement of Figure 6, the contact spring 10 extends between the two contact areas 20, 21 of the actuator 13, of which the area is made convex or crowned 20 to assist in pressing the contact spring 10 to pivot about its central longitudinal axis allow and thus ensure contact at both contact pairs 15, 17 and 16, 18 . In the opposite contact area 21, which comes into contact with the contact spring 10 when opening, a convex or spherical design is not necessary. If the contact spring 10 is biased into the closed position, the surface 21 of the actuator 13 which bears against it when it is opened should be spherical.

Bei der in Figur 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die beiden am Festkontakt 12 gelegenen Kontaktstellen an einem gemeinsamen Kontaktstück 27 ausgebildet, dessen Kontaktfläche so bemessen ist, daß sie mit den beiden getrennten Kontaktstücken 15 und 16 der Kontaktfeder zusammenarbeiten kann. Um eine einwandfreie Kontaktgabe auch bei tordierter Kontaktfeder 10 oder schräggestelltem Festkontakt 12 zu ermöglichen, ist die Kontaktfläche des gemeinsamen Kontaktstücks 27 ballig geformt.In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the two contact points located on the fixed contact 12 are formed on a common contact piece 27 , the contact surface of which is dimensioned such that it can cooperate with the two separate contact pieces 15 and 16 of the contact spring. In order to enable perfect contact even with twisted contact spring r 10 or inclined fixed contact 12 , the contact surface of the common contact piece 27 is spherical.

Anstelle der in Figur 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist es auch möglich, an der Kontaktfeder 10 ein großes gemeinsames Kontaktstück vorzusehen und mit zwei getrennten Kontaktstücken am Festkontakt 12 zusammenarbeiten zu lassen.Instead of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, it is also possible to provide a large common contact piece on the contact spring 10 and to have it cooperate with two separate contact pieces on the fixed contact 12 .

Eine weitere denkbare Alternative besteht darin, sowohl an der Kontaktfeder 10 als auch am Festkontakt 12 ein einzelnes durchgehendes Kontaktstück anzuordnen und mindestens eines davon mit zwei Vorsprüngen zur Erzeugung zweier räumlich getrennter Kontaktstellen zu versehen.Another conceivable alternative is to arrange a single, continuous contact piece both on the contact spring 10 and on the fixed contact 12 and to provide at least one of them with two projections for producing two spatially separated contact points.

Wie in Figur 7 ferner dargestellt, ist die Kontaktfeder 10 in Richtung ihrer Längsmittelachse mit einer Sicke 28 versehen, die die Steifigkeit der Kontaktfeder 10 in ihrer Längsrichtung im Bereich zwischen den Kontaktstücken 15, 16 und dem Angriffsbereich des Betätigers 13 vergrößert. As further shown in FIG. 7, the contact spring 10 is provided with a bead 28 in the direction of its longitudinal center axis, which increases the rigidity of the contact spring 10 in its longitudinal direction in the area between the contact pieces 15, 16 and the engagement area of the actuator 13 .

Anstelle der gezeigten Sicke 28 läßt sich eine Versteifung der Kontaktfeder 10 durch Erhöhung ihrer Dicke im Bereich zwischen den Kontaktstücken 15, 16 und dem Angriffsbereich des Betätigers 13 erzielen.Instead of the bead 28 shown, stiffening of the contact spring 10 can be achieved by increasing its thickness in the area between the contact pieces 15, 16 and the engagement area of the actuator 13 .

Besteht die Versteifung in der in Figur 7 gezeigten Sicke 28, so kann diese über die gesamte Länge der Kontaktfeder 10 bis zu ihrem am Kontaktträger 10 befestigten Ende durchgehen; eine solche in Richtung der Längsmittelachse und damit in der neutralen Zone der Kontaktfeder 10 verlaufende Sicke 28 führt zwar zu einer verringerten Biegsamkeit auch im Bereich 19, beeinträchtigt aber die Torsionsfähigkeit in diesem Bereich nur wenig. If the stiffening is in the bead 28 shown in FIG. 7 , it can pass over the entire length of the contact spring 10 up to its end fastened to the contact carrier 10 ; such a bead 28 running in the direction of the longitudinal central axis and thus in the neutral zone of the contact spring 10 leads to a reduced flexibility also in the area 19, but only slightly impairs the torsional capability in this area.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

1010th
KontaktfederContact spring
1111
Träger für 10 Carrier for 10
1212th
FestkontaktFixed contact
1313
BetätigerActuator
1414
RelaisankerRelay anchor
15, 1615, 16
Kontaktstücke an 10 Contact pieces on 10
17, 1817, 18
Kontaktstücke an 12 Contact pieces on 12
1919th
Biege- und Torsionsbereich von 10 Bending and torsion range of 10
20, 2120, 21
Berührungsbereiche in 13 Touch areas in 13
2222
GrundkörperBasic body
2323
JochschenkelYoke leg
2424th
LagerzapfenBearing journal
2525th
FührungssäulenPillars
2626
AnschlußstiftePins
2727
gemeinsames Kontaktstückcommon contact piece
2828
SickeSurround

Claims (13)

Kontakteinheit für elektromagnetische Relais mit einem Festkontakt (12) und einer Kontaktfeder (10), die zwei quer zu ihrer Längsrichtung angeordnete, mit dem Festkontakt zusammenarbeitende Kontaktstellen (15, 16) sowie zwischen ihrem festen Ende und den Kontaktstellen (15, 16) einen biegsamen Bereich aufweist,
   dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Kontaktstellen (15, 16) an einem ungeteilten Endabschnitt der Kontaktfeder (10) angeordnet sind, und daß die Kontaktfeder (10) zwischen ihrem festen Ende und den Kontaktstellen (15, 16) einen Bereich (19) mit um die Kontaktfeder-Längsachse erhöhter Torsionsfähigkeit aufweist. Contact unit for electromagnetic relays with a fixed contact (12) and a contact spring (10), the two transverse to their longitudinal direction, cooperating with the fixed contact contact points (15, 16) and between their fixed end and the contact points (15, 16) a flexible Area,
characterized by that both contact points (15, 16) are arranged on an undivided end section of the contact spring (10) , and that the contact spring (10) has between its fixed end and the contact points (15, 16) an area (19) with increased torsion about the longitudinal axis of the contact spring. Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 1, wobei die beiden Kontaktstellen (17, 18) des Festkontakts (12) und/oder die beiden Kontaktstellen (15, 16) der Kontaktfeder an einem gemeinsamen Kontaktstück (27) ausgebildet sind.Contact unit according to claim 1, wherein the two contact points (17, 18) of the fixed contact (12) and / or the two contact points (15, 16) of the contact spring are formed on a common contact piece (27) . Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Kontaktfeder (10) in ihrem Bereich (19) erhöhter Torsionsfähigkeit geringere Breite und/oder geringere Dicke hat als in ihren übrigen Bereichen.Contact unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contact spring (10) in its area (19) of increased torsional capacity has a smaller width and / or a smaller thickness than in its other areas. Kontakteinheit nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Kontaktfeder (10) im Bereich von der Angriffsstelle eines Betätigers (13) bis zum Bereich ihrer Kontaktstellen (15, 16) versteift ist.Contact unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the contact spring (10) is stiffened in the area from the point of attack of an actuator (13) to the area of its contact points (15, 16) . Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Versteifung in einer Verdickung oder Verformung besteht. Contact unit according to claim 4, wherein the stiffening in a thickening or deformation. Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Kontaktfeder (10) eine in Richtung ihrer Längsmittelachse verlaufende Sicke (28) aufweist.Contact unit according to claim 5, wherein the contact spring (10) has a bead (28) extending in the direction of its longitudinal central axis. Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Sicke (28) über die gesamte Länge der Kontaktfeder (10) verläuft.Contact unit according to claim 6, wherein the bead (28) extends over the entire length of the contact spring (10) . Kontakteinheit nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mit einem Betätiger (13), dessen an der Kontaktfeder (10) angreifender Bereich (20 oder 21) zur Kontaktfeder hin konvex ist.Contact unit according to one of the preceding claims with an actuator (13) whose area (20 or 21) engaging on the contact spring (10) is convex towards the contact spring. Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Betätiger (13) auf beiden Seiten der Kontaktfeder (10) mit einem konvexen Bereich (20, 21) angreift.Contact unit according to claim 8, wherein the actuator (13 ) engages on both sides of the contact spring (10) with a convex region (20, 21) . Kontakteinheit nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die die beiden Kontaktstellen (15, 16) der Kontaktfeder (10) verbindende Gerade die die Gegenkontaktstellen (17, 18) des Festkontakts (12) verbindende Gerade unter einem spitzen Winkel schneidet.Contact unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the straight line connecting the two contact points (15, 16) of the contact spring (10) intersects the straight line connecting the counter-contact points ( 17, 18) of the fixed contact (12) at an acute angle. Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Kontaktstellen (16, 18) des zuletzt schließenden und zuerst öffnenden Kontaktpaares aus einem edleren Kontaktmaterial bestehen als die des anderen Kontaktpaares.Contact unit according to claim 10, wherein the contact points (16, 18) of the last closing and first opening contact pair consist of a nobler contact material than that of the other contact pair. Kontakteinheit nach Anspruch 11, wobei die Kontaktstellen (15, 17) des zuerst schließenden und zuletzt öffnenden Kontaktpaares aus AgSnO und die des anderen Kontaktpaares aus einer AuAg-Legierung gebildet sind.Contact unit according to claim 11, wherein the contact points (15, 17) of the first closing and last opening contact pair are made of AgSnO and those of the other contact pair are made of an AuAg alloy. Kontakteinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, wobei die Kontaktstellen (15, 17) des zuerst schließenden und zuletzt öffnenden Kontaktpaares größer dimensioniert sind als die des anderen Kontaktpaares.Contact unit according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the contact points (15, 17) of the first closing and last opening contact pair are dimensioned larger than those of the other contact pair.
EP99123867A 1998-12-18 1999-12-01 Contact unit for electromagnetic relays Expired - Lifetime EP1011122B8 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05012458A EP1575075B1 (en) 1998-12-18 1999-12-01 Contact unit for electromagnetic relays
DK99123867T DK1011122T3 (en) 1998-12-18 1999-12-01 Contact unit for electromagnetic relays
SI9930829T SI1011122T1 (en) 1998-12-18 1999-12-01 Contact unit for electromagnetic relays

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19858755 1998-12-18
DE19858755A DE19858755C1 (en) 1998-12-18 1998-12-18 Contact unit, for an electromagnetic safety relay, comprises an undivided contact spring with a flexible torsion region between its fixed end and its contact points

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EP05012458A Division EP1575075B1 (en) 1998-12-18 1999-12-01 Contact unit for electromagnetic relays
EP05012458.5 Division-Into 2005-06-09

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EP1011122A2 true EP1011122A2 (en) 2000-06-21
EP1011122A3 EP1011122A3 (en) 2001-04-25
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EP05012458A Expired - Lifetime EP1575075B1 (en) 1998-12-18 1999-12-01 Contact unit for electromagnetic relays

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EP (2) EP1011122B8 (en)
JP (1) JP4265057B2 (en)
AT (2) ATE475982T1 (en)
DE (3) DE19858755C1 (en)
DK (1) DK1011122T3 (en)
ES (2) ES2242347T3 (en)
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JP2006294459A (en) * 2005-04-12 2006-10-26 Nec Tokin Corp Electromagnetic relay
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US7859372B2 (en) * 2007-10-24 2010-12-28 Tyco Electronics Corporation Methods and apparatus for reducing bounce between relay contacts
US9160333B2 (en) * 2011-05-06 2015-10-13 Purdue Research Foundation Capacitive microelectromechanical switches with dynamic soft-landing
EP2620966A1 (en) * 2012-01-27 2013-07-31 Johnson Electric S.A. Contact arrangement for high-power electrical switching devices
DE102012017157A1 (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Hengstler Gmbh Relay with modified force-displacement characteristic
CN104995709A (en) 2012-11-05 2015-10-21 (株)旲桐 High load switch for vehicle
FR3007186B1 (en) 2013-06-12 2016-09-09 Stmicroelectronics Rousset COMPACT MEMORY DEVICE ASSOCIATING A MEMORY PLAN OF THE SRAM TYPE AND A MEMORY PLAN OF THE NON-VOLATILE TYPE, AND METHODS OF OPERATION
JP6393025B2 (en) * 2013-07-01 2018-09-19 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 Electromagnetic relay
JP2015153564A (en) * 2014-02-13 2015-08-24 Ｎｅｃトーキン株式会社 electromagnetic relay
FR3018944A1 (en) 2014-03-21 2015-09-25 St Microelectronics Rousset MEMORY DEVICE ASSOCIATING A MEMORY PLAN OF THE SRAM TYPE AND A NON-VOLATILE TYPE MEMORY PLAN CURED AGAINST ACCIDENTAL TILT
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1011122E (en) 2005-09-30
JP2000182456A (en) 2000-06-30
EP1575075A2 (en) 2005-09-14
US6362710B2 (en) 2002-03-26
EP1011122B1 (en) 2005-07-06
EP1575075A3 (en) 2008-09-10
DE19858755C1 (en) 2000-06-08
DK1011122T3 (en) 2005-08-01
ATE475982T1 (en) 2010-08-15
ES2347967T3 (en) 2010-11-26
EP1575075B1 (en) 2010-07-28
DE59915189D1 (en) 2010-09-09
JP4265057B2 (en) 2009-05-20
ATE299290T1 (en) 2005-07-15
SI1575075T1 (en) 2010-11-30
ES2242347T3 (en) 2005-11-01
PT1575075E (en) 2010-09-08
SI1011122T1 (en) 2005-12-31
US6300854B1 (en) 2001-10-09
US20010054546A1 (en) 2001-12-27
EP1011122B8 (en) 2005-08-31
EP1011122A3 (en) 2001-04-25
DE59912238D1 (en) 2005-08-11

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