EP1004821A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1004821A1 EP1004821A1 EP99811040A EP99811040A EP1004821A1 EP 1004821 A1 EP1004821 A1 EP 1004821A1 EP 99811040 A EP99811040 A EP 99811040A EP 99811040 A EP99811040 A EP 99811040A EP 1004821 A1 EP1004821 A1 EP 1004821A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- nozzle
- droplets
- droplet
- sprays
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/11002—Liquid fuel burners with more than one nozzle
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for atomization liquid fuel for in a furnace, preferably for a Combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant, with a nozzle arrangement through which the pressurized liquid fuel passes through and to a fuel / air mixture is atomized.
- both the constructive design of all individual components of a gas turbine as well as their mode of operation plays a role in fuel combustion the atomization process, in which the liquid fuel becomes as possible homogeneous fuel / air mixture to be atomized, a very crucial Role.
- the liquid fuel atomize into the finest possible droplets of fuel in order to create a to achieve the largest possible fuel surface.
- single-stage atomizers are used only in so-called Silo combustion chambers are used, in which a burner stage is provided, whereas multi-stage atomizer units, such as air-assisted and compressed-air assisted Atomizers are often used in ring combustors.
- liquid fuel atomizer units underlying problem are the very different fuel flow rates, with which the atomizer units during the operation of a gas turbine system, starting with the ignition event up to reaching base load operation, be supplied. So fuel flow rates are below typical Ignition conditions are 10 to 20 times smaller than under base load conditions. It is also associated with the fact that the pressure conditions within the gas turbine system are subject to major changes that are up to more than that Change factor 100. Typical pressure values for the atomization of Liquid fuel under base load conditions approx. 60 bar, whereas the atomization pressure under ignition conditions drops to 300 to 600 mbar, that is Pressure conditions reached, the use of atomizer nozzles, which are necessary for the operation are designed under base load conditions, makes impossible.
- the invention has for its object a method and an apparatus for atomizing liquid fuel for a furnace, preferably for a combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant, with a nozzle arrangement which the pressurized liquid fuel passes through and to a fuel / air mixture is atomized to indicate that despite the above large pressure differences, a single atomization unit is sufficient, which is necessary for an optimized combustion of liquid fuel Atomization. It should be based on a known multiple gradation the atomizer units are dispensed with. In particular, the necessary for this Atomizer device have a simple structure and with only small Manufacturing costs. The atomization rate as well as the achievable Fuel droplet diameters are intended for both the ignition process and the Base load operation can be optimally adapted.
- Claim 1 describes a method according to the invention for atomizing liquid fuel, whereas the objects of Claims 4 and 6 respectively devices for atomizing fuel according to the invention represent.
- Features advantageously developing the inventive concept are the subject of the subclaims.
- a method according to the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention further developed such that after the fuel has passed through the nozzle arrangement trained atomization unit at least two, spatially separate Fuel sprays are formed in which the fuel is predominantly in the form individual fuel droplets is present.
- the fuel droplets each have a relative direction of propagation so that the fuel droplets one Fuel sprays collide with the fuel droplets of the other fuel spray, so that when the fuel droplets collide, new fuel droplets are formed, the diameter of which is smaller than that of the colliding fuel droplets is.
- a particularly advantageous possibility of collapsing the smallest fuel droplets to manufacture is initially based on the formation of at least two fuel sprays, which can be generated using conventional atomization techniques.
- the fuel sprays whose individual fuel droplets typically have droplet diameters have on the order of 1 to 5 mm preferably of a two-dimensional spray shape, the directions of propagation are set relative to each other in such a way that they peak under one Cut angle.
- collisions between the respective fuel droplets occur lead to smallest fuel droplet fragments, which preferably have a direction of propagation take along the bisector, between the Directions of propagation of the two-dimensional collisions
- Fuel sprays is oriented.
- the collision geometry is typically related to the individual combustion chamber geometry adapted from annular combustion chambers so that the finest fuel droplets in the direction of the combustion chamber for subsequent ignition.
- a nozzle arrangement according to the invention according to that described above Atomization principle works, sees at least two spatially separate nozzle outlet openings before, which are so oriented relative to each other that the with fuel sprays spreading in different directions in one Penetrate the area within which the fuel droplets from the respective Fuel sprays collide with each other. So are the nozzle outlet openings oriented relative to each other that the directions of propagation from the nozzle outlet openings emerging fuel sprays enclose an angle a, for which 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 ° applies.
- a nozzle arrangement with a slot nozzle which has a closed slot nozzle opening.
- the slot nozzle opening preferably surrounded by a deflecting element that is made of the slit nozzle opening deflects fuel so that the fuel spray forming converges in a narrowly limited volume range converges.
- the slot nozzle opening itself can also be conical, as a result of which developing fuel spray even without the provision of various deflection elements converges in a narrowly limited volume range and there to the desired Collision events.
- This type of burner is considered a successful starting type of burner for firing are designed with liquid fuels.
- This is the liquid fuel by means of a nozzle arrangement arranged in the center of the cone cavity and in Form of a conical fuel spray into the interior of the Combustion chamber introduced.
- the cone-shaped fuel spray becomes tangential rotating combustion air flow flowing into a cone cavity enclosed and thereby stabilized. Only in the area of vertebral bursts, So in the area of the so-called backflow zone, the optimal, homogeneous Fuel concentration reached across the cross-section, so in this area the fuel spray is ignited.
- the devices according to the invention described above for Atomization of liquid fuel can be used even at the time of the ignition process are able to generate the smallest fuel droplets.
- Fig. 1a is a schematic of a consisting of two partial cone bodies 1 cone body of a burner shown, for example, from EP 0 321 809 B1.
- the fuel sprays 5, 6 have macroscopic fuel droplets 16 with typical fuel droplet diameters between 1 and 5 mm.
- the directions of propagation of both fuel sprays 5, 6 are such oriented that they penetrate in a narrowly limited volume range 7.
- the macroscopic fuel droplets 16 come into the volume region 7 two fuel sprays 5, 6 collide and literally burst into a multitude smaller fuel droplets 17 apart, each typically droplet diameter have between 10 and 100 microns. Which is in the collision forming microscopic fuel droplets 17 preferably spread along the bisector 8 relative to both main directions of propagation Fuel sprays 5, 6 out. It forms one of the smallest droplets of liquid existing droplet cloud 9, which within the combustion chamber for ignition is to be brought.
- Fig. 1 b is a cross-sectional view through the droplet cloud 9 in the viewing direction the burner outlet 2 shown. From the nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 the fuel sprays 5, 6 emerge in a fan shape in the direction of propagation the droplet cloud 9 collides.
- the nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 can be distributed several times on the peripheral edge the burner outlet 2 are attached to the colliding droplet density to increase further within the volume range 7.
- a nozzle arrangement in addition to that not shown in Fig. 1 a to provide central nozzle arrangement within the conical burner.
- the two from the nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 emerging fuel sprays 5, 6 have only a very low beam divergence so that it is tightly bundled in the middle of the burner outlet 2 collided. This ensures that if possible many collision events between the macroscopic fuel droplets 16 one of the fuel sprays 5 with the macroscopic fuel droplets 16 of the other fuel spray 6 take place.
- the diametrically opposite on the peripheral peripheral edge of the burner outlet 2 are attached, other nozzle outlet openings at the burner outlet 2 are attached.
- FIGS. 1 a to c must have a large geometric Care should be arranged spatially to each other, so that from the Nozzle outlet openings 3, 4 emerging fuel sprays 5, 6 in a suitable manner are directed towards each other and can collide.
- Fig. 2 the nozzle arrangement shows in cross-sectional representation, the one self-contained Has slot nozzle opening 10.
- Liquid fuel passes through a feed channel 11 into a nozzle head 13, the flow diameter of which is preferably different widened conically.
- a introduced centrally in the middle of the nozzle head 13 Displacement element 12 delimits the slot nozzle opening 10 through which the liquid fuel as an annular fuel spray 14 passes, rotating angularly.
- a deflection element 15 is connected in one piece to the nozzle head 13, which directs the fuel spray 14 conically inwards.
- the distance between Nozzle head 13 and the volume area 7 in which the decay processes individual fuel droplets 16 formed collide is such dimension that the fuel spray emerging directly from the nozzle head 13 14 first mixed with the surrounding air and due to subsequent decay processes form individual singular fuel droplets 17.
- the jet course of the fuel spray 14 can in particular by the inclination of the deflecting element 15 can be set individually. After that in the volume range 7 occurring collisions, a droplet cloud 9 forms in which Micro droplets with the small droplet diameters described above accumulate.
- the nozzle arrangement shown in cross section in FIG. 2 can deviate from one circular slot nozzle opening also assume other slot outlet geometries.
- circular segment-like outlet openings are also conceivable, by the at least two separate fuel sprays colliding can.
- the idea on which the invention is based is the generation of tiny liquid droplets, whose droplet diameters are up to 3 orders of magnitude smaller, than the liquid droplets generated by conventional spray technology. This happens by - deviating from the conventional method of atomization of liquid by means of air - two liquid droplets deliberately colliding brought, which in turn into a multitude of tiny liquid droplets burst.
- Using the atomization principle described above it is possible to use burners for gas turbine systems for both the ignition phase as well as for base load operation with only one, simply designed To provide nozzle arrangement.
- By the measure according to the invention it is possible to increase the efficiency of gas turbines without losing the constructive and increase the associated financial outlay.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- TMAX
- Maximale Temperatur am Turbineneintritt
-
T H - Durchschnittstemperatur am Turbineneintritt
- TC
- Lufttemperatur am Brennkammereintritt (vor der Verbrennung)
- γ
- kinematische Oberflächenspannung
- ρLIQUID
- Dichte der zerstäubten Flüssigkeit
- ρGAS
- Dichte des Umgebungsgases
- u 2 / R
- Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen Tröpfchen und Umgebungsgas
- C
- Konstante
- Fig. 1a
- Längsschnittdarstellung durch eine an sich bekannte Brenneranordnung mit zwei Düsenauslaßöffnungen;
- Fig. 1b
- Querschnittsdarstellung durch den Brenneraustritt einer an sich bekannten Brenneranordnung mit zwei Düsenauslaßöffnungen, durch die zwei aufgefächerte Brennstoffsprays zur Kollision auftreten;
- Fig. 1c
- Querschnittsdarstellung wie in Fig. 1 b nur mit niederdivergenten Brennstoffsprays, und
- Fig. 2
- Längsschnittdarstellung durch eine in sich geschlossene Schlitzdüsenöffnung.
- 1
- Teilkegelkörper des Brenners
- 2
- Brenneraustritt
- 3, 4
- Düsenauslaßöffnungen
- 5, 6
- Brennstoffspray
- 7
- Volumenbereich
- 8
- Winkelhalbierende
- 9
- Tröpfchenwolke
- 10
- Schlitzdüsenöffnung
- 11
- Zuführkanal
- 12
- Verdrängungselement
- 13
- Düsenkopf
- 14
- Brennstoffspray
- 15
- Umlenkelement
- 16
- Brennstofftröpfchen, makroskopisch
- 17
- Brennstofftröpfchen, mikroskopisch
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage, vorzugsweise für eine Brennkammer einer Gasturbinenanlage, mit einer Düsenanordnung, durch die der flüssige Brennstoff druckbeaufschlagt hindurchtritt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach Durchtritt des Brennstoffes durch die Düsenanordnung zumindest zwei, räumlich getrennte Brennstoffsprays (5, 6) gebildet werden, in denen der Brennstoff vorwiegend in Form einzelner Brennstofftröpfchen (16) vorliegt, und daß die Brennstoffsprays (5, 6) jeweils eine Ausbreitungsrichtung zueinander aufweisen, so daß die Brennstofftröpfchen (16) eines Brennstoffsprays (5) mit den Brennstofftröpfchen (16) des anderen Brennstoffsprays (6) kollidieren, so daß bei der Kollision der Brennstoffsprays (5, 6) eine Tröpfchenwolke (9) mit neuen Brennstofftröpfchen (17) gebildet wird, deren Durchmesser kleiner als der der kollidierenden Brennstofftröpfchen (16) ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennstoffzerstäubung derart erfolgt, daß die Tröpfchenwolke (9) eine Hauptausbreitungsrichtung aufweist, die einer Winkelhalbierenden (8) der Ausbreitungsrichtung der kollidierenden Brennstoffsprays (5, 6) entspricht.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einer Druckbeaufschlagung des Brennstoffes vor Durchtritt durch die Düsenanordnung mit ca. 500 hPa eine Brennstofftröpfchengröße innerhalb der Brennstoffsprays (5, 6) mit Tröpfchendurchmessern von bis zu 3 mm und nach der Kollision der Brennstofftröpfchen (16) Tröpfchendurchmesser zwischen 10 und 100 µm erzeugt werden.
- Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage, vorzugsweise für eine Brennkammer einer Gasturbinenanlage, mit einer Düsenanordnung, durch die der flüssige Brennstoff druckbeaufschlagt hindurchtritt und zu einem Brennstoffspray zerstäubt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düsenanordnung zumindest zwei räumlich getrennte Düsenauslaßöffnungen (3, 4) aufweist, welche derart ausgerichtet sind, daß aus den Düsenauslaßöffnungen (3, 4) austretende Brennstoffsprays (5, 6) miteinander kollidieren.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düsenauslaßöffnungen (3, 4) jeweils den sich ausbildenden Brennstoffsprays (5, 6) Ausbreitungsrichtungen aufzwingen, die einen Winkel α, mit 0° < α ≤ 180° einschließen.
- Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs zum Betrieb in einer Feuerungsanlage, vorzugsweise für eine Brennkammer einer Gasturbinenanlage, mit einer Düsenanordnung, durch die der flüssige Brennstoff druckbeaufschlagt hindurchtritt und zu einem Brennstoffspray zerstäubt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düsenanordnung eine Schlitzdüse mit einer in sich geschlossenen Schlitzdüsenöffnung (10) aufweist, und daß die Schlitzdüsenöffnung (10) von einem Umlenkelement (15) umgeben ist, welches einen aus der Schlitzdüsenöffnung (10) austretenden Brennstoffspray (14) derart umlenkt, daß dieser konvergent in einem engbegrenzten Volumenbereich (7) zusammenläuft.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlitzdüsenöffnung (10) kreisförmig ausgebildet ist, so daß sich der Brennstoffspray (14) in Art eines spitz zulaufenden Hohlkonus ausbildet.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Umlenkelement (15) einstückig die Schlitzdüsenöffnung (10) umgibt und in Art eines Hohlkegelstumpfes ausgebildet ist, dessen größter Durchmesser sich unmittelbar an der Schlitzdüsenöffnung (10) anschließt.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düsenanordnung in einem Brenner vorgesehen ist, der wenigstens zwei halbe, hohle Teilkegelkörper (1) vorsieht, die derart ineinander gefügt sind, daß deren Längssymmetrieachsen zueinander radial versetzt verlaufen und die mindestens zwei tangentiale Lufteintrittsschlitze für einen Verbrennungszuluftstrom sowie einen Kegelhohlraum einschließen, wobei die Düsenanordnung wenigstens zwei Düsenauslaßöffnungen (3, 4) aufweist, die jeweils gegenüberliegend, in den Teilkegelkörpern (1) angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düsenauslaßöffnungen am Brenneraustritt (2) in den Teilkegelkörpern (1) angeordnet sind.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05101358A EP1564486A3 (de) | 1998-11-25 | 1999-11-11 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19854382A DE19854382B4 (de) | 1998-11-25 | 1998-11-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage |
DE19854382 | 1998-11-25 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05101358A Division EP1564486A3 (de) | 1998-11-25 | 1999-11-11 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1004821A1 true EP1004821A1 (de) | 2000-05-31 |
EP1004821B1 EP1004821B1 (de) | 2005-04-06 |
Family
ID=7888979
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05101358A Withdrawn EP1564486A3 (de) | 1998-11-25 | 1999-11-11 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage |
EP99811040A Expired - Lifetime EP1004821B1 (de) | 1998-11-25 | 1999-11-11 | Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05101358A Withdrawn EP1564486A3 (de) | 1998-11-25 | 1999-11-11 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung flüssigen Brennstoffs für eine Feuerungsanlage |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6360971B1 (de) |
EP (2) | EP1564486A3 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19854382B4 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2923770A1 (de) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-09-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bauteil für eine thermische Strömungsmaschine sowie Verfahren zum Zerstäuben einer Flüssigkeit in einem Strömungspfad einer thermischen Strömungsmaschine |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060147853A1 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2006-07-06 | Lipp Charles W | Feed nozzle assembly and burner apparatus for gas/liquid reactions |
DE102006005386B4 (de) * | 2006-02-03 | 2009-04-09 | Uhde Gmbh | Gasbrenner mit optimierter Düsenanordnung |
DE102008027681A1 (de) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-17 | Häußer, Achim | Einspritzung des Brennstoffs mit mehreren Düsen zur Verbrauchsreduzierung bei Heizungen |
US8667800B2 (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2014-03-11 | Delavan Inc. | Flameless combustion systems for gas turbine engines |
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-
1998
- 1998-11-25 DE DE19854382A patent/DE19854382B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-11-11 DE DE59911869T patent/DE59911869D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-11 EP EP05101358A patent/EP1564486A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-11 EP EP99811040A patent/EP1004821B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-12 US US09/438,587 patent/US6360971B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
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GB621785A (en) * | 1943-07-27 | 1949-04-20 | Teco Sa | Apparatus for the pulverisation of liquids in the form of aerosols |
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Cited By (1)
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EP2923770A1 (de) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-09-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bauteil für eine thermische Strömungsmaschine sowie Verfahren zum Zerstäuben einer Flüssigkeit in einem Strömungspfad einer thermischen Strömungsmaschine |
Also Published As
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EP1004821B1 (de) | 2005-04-06 |
DE19854382B4 (de) | 2009-01-02 |
EP1564486A2 (de) | 2005-08-17 |
DE19854382A1 (de) | 2000-05-31 |
EP1564486A3 (de) | 2006-05-17 |
US6360971B1 (en) | 2002-03-26 |
DE59911869D1 (de) | 2005-05-12 |
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