Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
  • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
  • G03C5/264—Supplying of photographic processing chemicals; Preparation or packaging thereof
  • G03C5/265—Supplying of photographic processing chemicals; Preparation or packaging thereof of powders, granulates, tablets

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing of photographic formulated as tablets (especially tablets) Process chemicals and those obtainable by these processes corresponding moldings.
• Exposed silver halide films are made in commercial laboratories developed and processed fully automatically. Color negative films for example, run through a developer bath Bleaching bath, a fixing bath and usually a stabilizing bath or several washing steps. The steps of bleaching and Fixing can be done using a bleach-fixing bath in one single processing step can be combined. The done developed negatives are exposed on color paper, the exposed color paper then also runs through a developing bath, usually a combined bleach-fix bath and final washing steps. The washing steps can be replaced by a stabilizing bath if necessary.
• Liquid concentrates need because of their water content Transport and storage relatively much space.
• the empty ones Concentrate containers represent a considerable volume of waste.
• Powdered chemicals are difficult to handle. Since the Precautions must be taken when powder can be dusted during handling to avoid adverse health effects for users to be hit.
• the granulation of the process chemicals before pressing one tablet is expensive.
• the object of the invention is to achieve this based on a simple, inexpensive method of manufacture to create such moldings.
• the invention further relates to a shaped body (in particular one tablet) by the aforementioned method is available.
• a shaped body is any body with a through shaping purposefully manufactured shape. It is preferably around a tablet.
• Photographic process chemicals are any chemicals that as part of one or more photographic processes (e.g. developing, fixing, bleach-fixing or the like) Can find application.
• the input materials are all those Substances that are part of the molded body. It is about on the one hand about the person or persons in the respective photographic Processing process of active substances (e.g. fixing and / or Bleach-fixing agent, developer) and auxiliary substances, that are photographically inert or conducive to photography.
• active substances e.g. fixing and / or Bleach-fixing agent, developer
• auxiliary substances that are photographically inert or conducive to photography.
• All insert materials of the molded body are water-soluble.
• a tablet produced according to the invention dissolves when setting the usual concentrations of the process chemicals completely in aqueous solution at the usual bath temperatures where the solution process can be slow, if such a tablet, for example, to regenerate a process bath serves. Any auxiliaries must be in such Extent be water soluble that dissolving for adjustment the desired concentration is not hindered.
• auxiliary substances that are photographically beneficial can be buffer substances, for example to set a desired pH, water softener (in particular complexing agents), possibly optical Brighteners, preservatives, antioxidants, antifoggants, Solubilizers, emulsifiers and additives to increase resistance to moisture his.
• An exemplary disclosure of suitable auxiliaries can be found in DE-A-197 46 879, the disclosure of which Reference to this also expressly in the present application is included. Reference is also made to the disclosure in Ullmann's Encyclopedia Chemicals Industrial Chemistry, 5th edition, vol. A20, chapter "Photography".
• Auxiliaries include, for example, photographic inert additives for tableting in question. It can be fillers, Binders, lubricants, flow regulators, lubricants, Act mold release agents and the like.
• photographic inert additives for tableting in question can be fillers, Binders, lubricants, flow regulators, lubricants, Act mold release agents and the like.
• suitable additives are referred to Rudolf Voigt, Textbook of Pharmaceutical Technology, 5th ed., Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1984, page 178 ff.
• the disclosure content the specified passage is hereby expressly stated also made the subject of the present application.
• At least 50% of the inorganic portion of the feed materials is crushed to an average grain size of 125 ⁇ m or less.
• the comminution can be carried out by any suitable method, preferably the corresponding proportion of the starting materials is ground.
• the average grain size ⁇ m is defined according to DIN 66141 (page 18) by: Q3 i represents the mass distribution, the proportion of a grain class to the associated grain class.
• the feed materials are pressed directly (Direct tabletting) to a shaped body with a Molded hardness of at least 400 N.
• direct pressing or direct tabletting refers to the compression of powdery feedstocks without one over the invention Pre-treatment to a size reduction Molded body.
• Pre-treatment to a size reduction Molded body means "Direct pressing" that in any case that portion of the feed materials that in step a) to the specified grain size is crushed, no further pretreatment, in particular no granulation (e.g. fluidized bed granulation) is subjected.
• no granulation e.g. fluidized bed granulation
• the invention should not be excluded be that a remaining portion of the input materials (e.g. possible organic components) of a pretreatment such as Undergoes granulation. It is preferred according to the invention however, if all feed materials are not pretreated undergo, but immediately as a powder of Undergo direct tableting.
• the molded article produced according to the invention has a hardness from at least 400 N.
• the hardness is measured with a breaking strength tester TBH30 from ERWEKA.
• the tablet to be tested is between two extendable jaws clamped and with a rising Force applied.
• the one needed to break the tablet Force is registered (in N) and as a measure of the Tablet hardness specified.
• the moldings produced according to the invention preferably have an abrasion of less than 2%, more preferably less than 1%.
• This abrasion or the abrasion resistance is measured according to that in Example 3 of the present application specified procedures.
• the invention has recognized that surprisingly hard and sufficient abrasion-resistant tablets that are suitable for use in automatic feed magazines of commercial development machines are suitable, thanks to the direct compression without any need on a complex pretreatment of at least one essential Manufacture proportion of the ingredients of the tablet to let.
• This is surprising given the state of the art (Rudolf Voigt, textbook of pharmaceutical technology, Page 154 et seq.) Teaches that direct pressing is more precise Do not manufacture powder tablets of sufficient strength to let. It is expressly stated there that the Direct tabletting, at most, coarse crystalline substances grain sizes between 0.5 and 1 mm are considered optimal designated.
• the invention has recognized that contrary this teaching of the prior art hard and abrasion resistant Tablets can be made by direct compression correspondingly fine powder.
• At least 70% by weight is more preferred at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight of the inorganic portion of the feed materials crushed to the specified grain sizes.
• the invention can be the total inorganic portion of the feed materials can be comminuted accordingly, and any one organic part in whole or in part in this crushing be included.
• the moldings can contain binders, but their proportion preferably below 10% by weight, more preferably below 5, is less than 2 or less than 1% by weight. Ggt. can on binder to be completely dispensed with.
• At least 50% by weight are preferred, more preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 90 or 95 %
• it can be amonioma and or sodium tiosulfate.
• the tablets according to the invention with these salts as the main component for example Use in a fixer or bleach-fixer his.
• ammonium thiosulfate 90/10 which is 90% commercially available consists of ammonium thiosulfate and 10% sodium thiosulfate, were in a BAUERMEISTER powder mill with turbo insert ground to a particle size of less than 125 ⁇ m.
• the degree of pulverization was 90%.
• the degree of pulverization was 100%, ie the main inorganic component was used completely pulverized.
• Tablet breaking strength 6 tablets in each case were tested for breaking strength using a TBH 30 tablet breaking strength tester from ERWEKA and the mean value was formed. A hardness of> 400 N is required to avoid damage during transport.
• the powder mixture is granulated in the fluidized bed, then dried at an air temperature of 60 ° C for 8 minutes and finally at an air temperature of 0 ° C within 7 min cooled to 35 ° C.
• the entire fluidized bed granulation process was complete after 1 h 25 min.
• Example 1 the individual powder mixtures were pressed into tablets.
• the tablets had the breaking strengths given in Table 3: Degree of powdering ammonium thiosulfate 90/10 44.4% (not according to the invention) 90% 100% Tablet hardness [N] Tablet hardness [N] Tablet hardness [N] Maltodextrin 229 408 657 Sokalan CP45 305 474 856 Luvitec VPI 55 K18P 368 607 828 Luviskol K90 346 545 754 D-sorbitol 352 541 806 D-mannitol 305 415 759 Sorbitol / xylitol 351 517 751
• Tablet abrasion Five tablets are weighed and placed in the plexiglass drum of an ERWEKA TA-10 tablet abrasion and friability tester. After a rotation time of 5 minutes, the tablets are freed of adhering dust and weighed again. The percentage abrasion is calculated from the weight loss in relation to the initial weight.
• Example 3 Average of 6 tablets Comparative Example 2 Average of 6 tablets After 0 days Tablet thickness [mm] 9.50 9.46 Tablet hardness [N] 509 459 Tablet abrasion [%] 0.50 0.20 After 14 days at 50 ° C Tablet thickness [mm] 9.63 9.57 Tablet hardness [N] 639 672 After 28 days at 50 ° C Tablet thickness [mm] 9.57 9.80 Tablet hardness [N] 661 408
• the cooled melt granules were treated with 67.35 kg of ammonium thiosulfate 90/10, which had previously been ground in a BAUERMEISTER powder mill with turbo insert to a particle size of ⁇ 125 ⁇ m, with 5.03 kg of sodium disulfite, 9.25 kg of sodium sulfite, 410 g Maltodextrin and 1.46 kg of sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate mixed in a mixer for 10 minutes to a homogeneous mass.
• the final blend obtained was compressed on a rotary tablet press of the FETTE 2090 type to tablets with a diameter of 30 mm and a weight of 10.73 g.
• Example 4 Average of 6 tablets Comparative Example 3 Average of 6 tablets After 0 days Tablet thickness [mm] 9.58 10.08 Tablet hardness [N] 489 828 Tablet abrasion [%] 0.45 0.37 After 7 days at 50 ° C Tablet thickness [mm] 9.68 10.10 Tablet hardness [N] 728 868 After 14 days at 50 ° C Tablet thickness [mm] 9.70 10.11 Tablet hardness [N] 740 818

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

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Citations (3)

• 1998
  • 1998-11-18 DE DE19853273A patent/DE19853273A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1999
  • 1999-09-29 DE DE59908242T patent/DE59908242D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-09-29 EP EP99119025A patent/EP1003077B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (3)

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