EP0999996A1 - Station de dessalement d'eau fonctionnant a l'energie solaire - Google Patents

Station de dessalement d'eau fonctionnant a l'energie solaire

Info

Publication number
EP0999996A1
EP0999996A1 EP98945099A EP98945099A EP0999996A1 EP 0999996 A1 EP0999996 A1 EP 0999996A1 EP 98945099 A EP98945099 A EP 98945099A EP 98945099 A EP98945099 A EP 98945099A EP 0999996 A1 EP0999996 A1 EP 0999996A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
salt water
water
solar radiation
desalination plant
plant according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98945099A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
S.R.L. O.M.L.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0999996A1 publication Critical patent/EP0999996A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0005—Evaporating devices suitable for floating on water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/34—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
    • B01D3/343—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances the substance being a gas
    • B01D3/346—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances the substance being a gas the gas being used for removing vapours, e.g. transport gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water-powered desalination plant operated according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a system of the type mentioned above, with which the problems mentioned above are overcome, and which is particularly simple in construction, requires almost no maintenance, requires little space and can achieve a high fresh water yield.
  • FIG. 1 shows a water desalination plant according to the invention in a schematic sectional view
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged schematic sectional view of a floating body of the water desalination plant according to FIG. 1.
  • the invention aims to allow only the surface of the salt water to evaporate or evaporate in order to largely avoid incrustation and stone formation and to reduce maintenance to a minimum. This is achieved with very high temperatures on the surface of the salt water and with a suitable transport gas for transporting the generated water vapor to a heat exchanger.
  • Floating bodies 5 which are designed as black, approximately pill-shaped islands floating on the surface 35, are used for the evaporation or evaporation of a surface 35 of the salt water.
  • These floating bodies 5 are made, for example, of carbon or of metal such as stainless steel, copper, sintered metal and the like, and they are blackened in a known manner, for example by burnishing.
  • the floats 5 are, as explained further below, heated with radiation concentrators and are flowed through by the transport gas previously heated with other radiation concentrators.
  • the transport gas emerging from the floating bodies 5 is transported through the installation using a chimney effect, in order to subsequently carry the steam along with it, in particular via a heat exchanger 15 to be cooled and to release condensed fresh water.
  • salt water for example sea water
  • a salt water tank 19 which is connected via a connecting pipe 12 to an evaporation container, generally designated 1, in order to supply it with the salt water.
  • the prevailing convection and the chimney effect and the corresponding suction of the transport gas cause a certain negative pressure with respect to the interior of the floating bodies 5, which causes the transport gas to escape from the floating bodies 5.
  • the evaporation container 1 has an inclined bottom 29 and an approximately bell-shaped wall 11 which is thermally insulated at a certain height (for example up to approximately 200 mm above the salt water level). Above its thermally insulated part, the wall 11, which is laterally oriented there, merges into a chamber 4 which encloses the evaporation container 1 approximately cylindrically and thus forms part of the wall thereof. Above that Above the chamber 4, the wall 11 merges laterally and then at the top into a sub-region that is permeable to solar radiation, in particular heat radiation from the sun S, which extends to an axial hood 9a and consists of a hood 10 made of glass or synthetic glass. At the most favorable upper points of the hood 10, Fresnel lenses 8 are distributed radially symmetrically around the hood 9a for concentrating the solar radiation.
  • the excess salt water runs back over an overflow 26 via a gutter 25 to where it was taken, for example into the sea.
  • the concentrated brine is likewise conveyed back via the drainage channel 25 via an opening 23, for example at a lowermost point of the evaporation container 1. Since water continuously runs onto the drainage channel 25 via the overflow 26, incrustation and stone formation is prevented at the brine concentrate opening 23.
  • the solar radiation is combined with one or more radiation concentrators or several parabolic mirrors and / or deflecting mirrors 6 and 7 are focused and reflected on the floating bodies 5 floating on the salt water.
  • the Fresnel lenses 8 attached to the hood 10 focus the light onto the floating bodies 5, which at least on their upper side behave almost as optical black bodies.
  • the floating bodies 5 On their underside, the floating bodies 5 have a bottom 34 with radially symmetrical, spherically shaped bulges 37. When the floating body 5 is floating on the salt water, these bulges 37 are partly below and partly above the surface 35 of the salt water. The floating bodies 5 thus conduct the concentrated heat through their base 34 to the surface 35 of the salt water and thus cause the latter to evaporate or evaporate. The shape of the bulges 37 ensures the buoyancy of the floating bodies 5.
  • air is used as a suitable transport gas in the training example described; however, any inert gas could also be used.
  • the transport gas first enters a heating element 2 at a gas inlet 33.
  • the heating element 2 is a serpentine, ascending glass tube filled with black porous material on the inside. Solar radiation is directed onto the heating element 2 with the aid of approximately parabolic cylindrical radiation concentrators 27 in order to heat up the transport gas carried therein.
  • the heated transport gas is fed to chamber 4 via a feed line 3.
  • the chamber 4 is connected via flexible lines 28 to a gas inlet connector 36 of a float 5.
  • the transport gas passing through the floating bodies 5 undergoes further heating therein and then exits at gas outlet openings 31 which are attached to the bottom 34 of the floating bodies 5 just above their waterline, ie above the surface 35 of the salt water in the immediate vicinity thereof.
  • the hot transport gas leaves water on the surface 35 of the salt water. Evaporate or evaporate water vapor that is carried along by the transport gas.
  • the flexible conduits 28 also hold the floats 5 within the evaporation container 1 at a suitable location under the Fresnel lenses 8 in a manner which allows the floats 5 to follow the movements of the surface 35 of the salt water if necessary.
  • the mixture 21 of transport gas and water vapor discharged from the evaporation container 1 via a discharge line 9 is cooled for the first time on cooler tubes 13, which lead through the salt water tank 19 into thermal contact with the cold salt water located therein.
  • the gas mixture 21 is cooled further when it exits the cooler tubes 13 and then enters the deflection tubes 14, which are in the free atmosphere and lead to the heat exchanger 15.
  • the heat exchanger 15 is arranged on the inclined bottom 29 of the evaporation container 1 in order to serve to preheat the salt water therein, with which the gas mixture 21 is cooled even further.
  • the removed transport gas still contains noticeable amounts of water vapor, the latter is condensed with the aid of fillers 30 provided in the lower part of the chimney 18 at its large contact surface and recovered as water which flows back to the water tank 16 via the air suction line 17.
  • the condensed fresh water 22 collected in the water tank 16 can be removed via an outlet connection 32 in order to be transported to a consumer.
  • the water desalination plant according to the invention can be operated exclusively with solar energy and can be used, in particular, for the evaporation of salt water present as sea water, salt water or brine in order to produce fresh water, for example as drinking water in the hotel industry or as process water for irrigating desert areas in the vicinity Sea or lake is consumed (if used as drinking water, the addition of minerals may be recommended).
  • the thermal energy required to evaporate the salt water is obtained from solar energy.
  • the salt water in the system is conveyed by a pump device that is operated electrically and can also obtain the required electrical energy from solar energy via solar cells. However, it may be expedient to obtain the electrical energy required by the pumps from an electrical network.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

ne paroi (11) d'un contenant d'évaporation (1) rempli d'eau salée est perméable aux rayons solaires au dessus de la surface (35) de l'eau salée. Des corps flottants (5) absorbants les rayons solaires flottent sur l'eau salée à l'intérieur du contenant de d'évaporation (1) dans des zones de la surface (35) d'eau salée, qui sont frappées par les rayons solaires en faisceaux. Un dispositif de concentration des rayons solaires dans les zones mentionnées de la surface (35) de l'eau salée peut posséder des lentilles de Fresnel (8) et/ou des concentrateurs de rayons dotés de miroirs paraboliques (6) et de miroirs déflecteurs (7). Les corps flottants (5) peuvent être creux, avoir approximativement une forme de pilule et être maintenus de façon flexible contre la paroi (11) du contenant d'évaporation (1). Ces corps flottants peuvent présenter sur leur face inférieure, un fond (34) doté de courbures (37) bombées à symétrie radiale, situées en partie au-dessous et au-dessus de la surface (35) de l'eau salée, et ils peuvent présenter à proximité de la surface (35) des orifices de sortie de gaz (31). Les corps flottants (5) peuvent être reliés par des tubulures d'admission de gaz (36) et une conduite flexible (28) à un élément chauffant (2) permettant de chauffer du gaz par des rayons solaires le frappant. Ainsi, les corps flottants peuvent être montés en parallèle par groupes et les groupes sont montés en série avec l'élément chauffant (2) par l'intermédiaire éventuellement d'une chambre (4) entourant partiellement le contenant d'évaporation (2).
EP98945099A 1997-07-30 1998-07-27 Station de dessalement d'eau fonctionnant a l'energie solaire Withdrawn EP0999996A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH183097 1997-07-30
CH183097 1997-07-30
PCT/EP1998/004696 WO1999006322A1 (fr) 1997-07-30 1998-07-27 Station de dessalement d'eau fonctionnant a l'energie solaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0999996A1 true EP0999996A1 (fr) 2000-05-17

Family

ID=4219603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98945099A Withdrawn EP0999996A1 (fr) 1997-07-30 1998-07-27 Station de dessalement d'eau fonctionnant a l'energie solaire

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0999996A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU9255198A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999006322A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2002952976A0 (en) * 2002-11-28 2002-12-12 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Evaporation Enhancements for Tailings Dams
AU2003283126B2 (en) * 2002-11-28 2009-09-10 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Enhancing water evaporation
DE102004008163A1 (de) * 2004-01-29 2005-12-29 Siegfried Rampelt Vorrichtung zur Förderung von Flüssigkeiten, angetrieben von einer kondensierten Flüssigkeit als entgegengesetzte Gewichtsmasse
WO2005108299A1 (fr) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-17 Hayden John Stein Systeme de couverture flottante pour un corps de liquide
DE102005039050B4 (de) * 2005-08-18 2008-12-04 Envia Infra Gmbh Kondensatkühler
GB2472590B (en) * 2009-08-11 2013-06-12 Rosemary Jones A concentrated solar boiling water lid and container
EP2513571A2 (fr) 2009-12-15 2012-10-24 William Marsh Rice University Production d'électricité
US9863662B2 (en) * 2010-12-15 2018-01-09 William Marsh Rice University Generating a heated fluid using an electromagnetic radiation-absorbing complex
US9032731B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2015-05-19 William Marsh Rice University Cooling systems and hybrid A/C systems using an electromagnetic radiation-absorbing complex
US9222665B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2015-12-29 William Marsh Rice University Waste remediation
BR112013014822A2 (pt) * 2010-12-15 2020-11-10 William Marsh Rice University destilação de uma mistura química usando um complexo absorvente de radiação eletromagnética para aquecimento
DE102013003935A1 (de) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-11 Claude Mohadjer Solare Meerwasserentsalzungsanlage
CN104828889A (zh) * 2015-04-21 2015-08-12 沈阳化工大学 一种简易海水淡化装置
ITUA20162850A1 (it) * 2016-04-04 2017-10-04 Stefano Oppo Produzione di acqua pura e potabile
CN106225256A (zh) * 2016-08-01 2016-12-14 浙江大学 外凝式透镜聚光热蒸发器

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3351536A (en) * 1964-12-02 1967-11-07 Robert M Fox Lens-dome solar distillation unit
US3501381A (en) * 1967-01-18 1970-03-17 William R P Delano Solar still with floating slab-supporting particulate radiant energy receptor
US4383891A (en) * 1979-08-28 1983-05-17 Spie-Batignolles Device for desalting brackish water, and a conditioning method and device relating to said desalting device
BE1000305A7 (fr) * 1987-02-16 1988-01-11 Schumann Marc Appareil de traitement et d'epuration par evaporation d'une matiere, dispositif et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre.
DE9406064U1 (de) * 1994-04-11 1994-10-13 Tintrop, Norbert, Dipl.-Ing., 45476 Mülheim Sonnenlichtdirektwärmetauscherprinzip 1. Zur Stromerzeugung (Süßwasser), 2. Süßwassergewinnung aus Salzwasser + Stromerzeugung
DE29616166U1 (de) * 1996-05-24 1996-12-19 Noell-LGA Gastechnik GmbH, 22177 Hamburg Anlage zur Entsalzung von See- bzw. Meerwasser

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9906322A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1999006322A1 (fr) 1999-02-11
AU9255198A (en) 1999-02-22

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