EP0997550A1 - Method for fabricating a component from an aluminium alloy by pressure die-casting - Google Patents

Method for fabricating a component from an aluminium alloy by pressure die-casting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0997550A1
EP0997550A1 EP99810313A EP99810313A EP0997550A1 EP 0997550 A1 EP0997550 A1 EP 0997550A1 EP 99810313 A EP99810313 A EP 99810313A EP 99810313 A EP99810313 A EP 99810313A EP 0997550 A1 EP0997550 A1 EP 0997550A1
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Prior art keywords
component
weight
alloy
temperature range
max
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0997550B1 (en
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Reinhard Winkler
Jürgen Wüst
Klaus Währisch
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Magna BDW Technologies GmbH
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Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd
Alusuisse Technology and Management Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a component with high Ductility requirements from an aluminum alloy by die casting. in the An application of the method as well as a Use of a component manufactured using the method.
  • the die-casting process enables the cost-effective production of large quantities Manufacture of thin-walled castings, such as those used in crash-relevant components Automotive engineering can be used.
  • Thin-walled parts place high demands of the castability.
  • Aluminum alloys that adhere to the flow behavior or mold filling requirements, are mainly alloys with a Si eutectic.
  • Suitable alloy based on aluminum-silicon is from EP-B-0687742 known.
  • the alloy corresponds to the type AlSi9Mg with considerable reduced iron content and strontium refinement of the AlSi eutectic.
  • the alloy becomes complete before heat treatment is carried out solution annealed and then quenched.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of an aluminum alloy specify a heat treatment with which a high elongation at break sufficient yield strength even without high-temperature annealing can be achieved with subsequent water quenching.
  • the alloy essentially corresponds to the alloy known from EP-B-0687742 with an increased iron and reduced manganese content.
  • This variation in the alloy composition has a positive influence on the mechanical properties, since the Al 12 (Mg, Fe) Si 2 phases are significantly finer and more evenly distributed, which ultimately results in improved ductility. Due to the higher iron content, aluminum of lower purity can be used as an alloy base, which reduces the cost of the alloy. In addition, the higher iron content makes it possible to reduce the manganese additive used to reduce the tendency of the alloy to stick in the die.
  • the temperature range and duration of the solution annealing are thus chosen so that on the one hand the strong cast oversaturation of Silicon is broken down to improve the ductility and on the other hand the Yield strength through subsequent heat curing to the required Values can be set.
  • the temperature range for the partial solution treatment is preferably between about 420 and 460 ° C. Accepting a minor mechanical The component can lose strength for certain applications without subsequent Hot curing can be used.
  • the component can be adjusted according to partial solution annealing in the temperature range of precipitation hardening can also be thermoset by Mg2Si.
  • This thermosetting will preferably in a temperature range of about 190 to 240 ° C, in particular about 190 to 220 ° C.
  • the preferred field of application of the method according to the invention is in the production of large-area and thin-walled components with high absorption capacity for kinetic energy through plastic deformation, i.e. crash-relevant components such as safety components in vehicle construction and be used in particular in the automotive industry.
  • crash-relevant components such as safety components in vehicle construction and be used in particular in the automotive industry.
  • safety components are space frame nodes and crash elements.
  • alloy B is a comparative alloy and corresponds to an alloy according to EP-B-0687742.
  • alloy Composition (% by weight) Si Mn Fe Mg Ti Sr.
  • A 10.45 0.45 0.24 0.28 0.05 0.014
  • B 10.88 0.58 0.10 0.17 0.05 0.013
  • Alloys A and B became the same, difficult to cast Component manufactured with a vacuum die casting process.
  • the component is a so-called "B-pillar" for vehicle construction, i.e. on large-area and thin-walled component with a wall thickness of 2 mm.
  • the component made from alloy A according to the invention was subjected to the following heat treatment after casting: Partial solution annealing 440 ° C / 60 min in air Cooling in still air warm aging 220 ° C / 110 min in air
  • the distortion was measured on a component made from alloy A according to the invention after various heat treatments.
  • the warpage was determined as follows: A reference point (zero point) was defined on the cast part in the cast state (ie before the heat treatment) at a certain point. After the heat treatment, the distance to the reference point was then measured. This distance defines the distortion as a measure of the deformation that arises due to the heat treatment carried out.
  • Table 2 Heat treatment / cooling Solution annealing 493 ° C / 60 min water quenching part. Solution annealing 440 ° C / 60 min cooling in still air part. Solution annealing 440 ° C / 60 min cooling with fan Delay (mm) 6.5 ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ 0.5
  • alloy A according to the invention The components made from alloy A according to the invention and comparative alloy B were heat-treated as follows after casting: Partial solution annealing 420 ° C / 20 min Cooling in still air
  • Table 3 clearly shows that compared to the comparative alloy B improved elongation at break values of alloy A according to the invention
  • This improved ductility of the alloy A according to the invention is attributed to the positive influence of the higher iron content and consequently the finer formation and more uniform distribution of the Al 12 (Mn, Fe) Si 2 phases in the alloy A according to the invention compared to the comparative alloy B.
  • the different formation and distribution of the brittle Al 12 (Mn, Fe) Si 2 phases could be confirmed metallographically using micrographs. Orientative tests have further shown that even when the iron content is increased to 0.35% by weight and the manganese content is simultaneously reduced to 0.4% by weight, no ⁇ -AlFeSi phases harmful to the ductility occur. Corrosion tests have also shown that pitting corrosion, which is observed at low iron contents due to the rough precipitation of the Al 12 (Mn, Fe) Si 2 phases, which act as cathodic local elements, is prevented by the increased iron content.

Abstract

A component is produced by pressure casting an aluminum alloy comprising (in wt.%) 9.5-11.5 silicon, 0.3-0.6 manganese, 0.15-0.35 iron, 0.1-0.4 magnesium, maximum 0.1 titanium and 90-180 ppm strontium, and optionally 0.1-0.3 chromium, 0.1-0.3 nickel and 0.1-0.3 cobalt, with a balance of aluminum, partially solution annealing the cast part at 400-490o C for 20-120 minutes, and cooling in air.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteiles mit hohen Duktilitätsanforderungen aus einer Aluminiumlegierung durch Druckgiessen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt auch eine Anwendung des Verfahrens sowie eine Verwendung eines mit dem Verfahren hergestellten Bauteiles.The invention relates to a method for producing a component with high Ductility requirements from an aluminum alloy by die casting. in the An application of the method as well as a Use of a component manufactured using the method.

Mit modernen Giessverfahren können heute hoch belastbare Formteile auch aus Aluminiumlegierungen hergestellt werden. Die eingesetzten Aluminiumwerkstoffe müssen allerdings eine Reihe von Anforderungen erfüllen. Eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für die Eignung eines Werkstoffs ist die Einhaltung bestimmter mechanischer Kennwerte. So bestimmen etwa Mindestwerte von Streckgrenze und Festigkeit die Tragfähigkeit einer Konstruktion. Im Fahrzeugbau kommt die Anforderung hinzu, dass die bei einem Zusammenstoss deformierten Bauteile vor dem Bruch möglichst viel Energie durch plastische Verformung absorbieren sollen, was eine hohe Duktilität des eingesetzten Werkstoffs erfordert.With modern casting processes, highly resilient molded parts can also be used today be made from aluminum alloys. The aluminum materials used however, must meet a number of requirements. An essential one Compliance is a prerequisite for the suitability of a material certain mechanical parameters. For example, minimum values of Yield strength and strength the load-bearing capacity of a construction. In vehicle construction there is also the requirement that those deformed in a collision Components break as much energy as possible through plastic deformation should absorb what a high ductility of the material used required.

Das Druckgiessverfahren ermöglicht bei hohen Stückzahlen die kostengünstige Herstellung dünnwandiger Gussstücke, wie sie als crashrelevante Bauteile im Automobilbau eingesetzt werden. Dünnwandige Teile stellen hohe Anforderungen an die Giessbarkeit. Aluminiumlegierungen, welche die an das Fliessverhalten bzw. Formfüllungsvermögen gestellten Anforderungen erfüllen können, sind vor allem Legierungen mit einem Si-Eutektikum.The die-casting process enables the cost-effective production of large quantities Manufacture of thin-walled castings, such as those used in crash-relevant components Automotive engineering can be used. Thin-walled parts place high demands of the castability. Aluminum alloys that adhere to the flow behavior or mold filling requirements, are mainly alloys with a Si eutectic.

Eine zum Druckgiessen von im Fahrzeugbau eingesetzten Sicherheitsbauteilen geeignete Legierung auf der Basis Aluminium-Silizium ist aus der EP-B-0687742 bekannt. Die Legierung entspricht dem Typ AlSi9Mg mit erheblich reduziertem Eisengehalt und einer Strontium-Veredelung des AlSi-Eutektikums. Vor Durchführung einer Wärmebehandlung wird die Legierung vollständig lösungsgeglüht und nachfolgend abgeschreckt.One for die casting of safety components used in vehicle construction Suitable alloy based on aluminum-silicon is from EP-B-0687742 known. The alloy corresponds to the type AlSi9Mg with considerable reduced iron content and strontium refinement of the AlSi eutectic. The alloy becomes complete before heat treatment is carried out solution annealed and then quenched.

Bauteile mit teilweise geringen Wandstärken, wie sie beispielsweise als Strukturbauteile im Automobilbau eingesetzt werden, verziehen sich beim schroffen Abschrecken mit Wasser und müssen daher nachträglich aufwendigen Richtoperationen unterzogen werden. Zudem kann die hohe Lösungsglühtemperatur infolge einer Restgasporosität zu Blasenbildung an der Oberfläche der Bauteile führen. Zur Herstellung von Bauteilen der genannten Art durch Druckgiessen wurde deshalb nach Möglichkeiten gesucht, die geforderten Festigkeits- und Dehungswerte auch ohne Durchführung einer Hochtemperaturglühung mit nachfolgender Wasserabschreckung zu erzielen.Components with sometimes thin walls, such as structural components used in automobile construction warp when rugged Quenching with water and must therefore be expensive afterwards Straightening operations are subjected. In addition, the high solution annealing temperature due to residual gas porosity to bubble formation on the surface of the Guide components. For the production of components of the type mentioned by die casting was therefore looked for ways to meet the required strength and elongation values even without performing high temperature annealing to achieve with subsequent water quenching.

Für crashrelevante Bauteile im Automobilbau wird der Schwerpunkt auf die Duktilität, also auf das Verformungsvermögen und auf den duktilen Bruch, ausgedrückt durch die Bruchdehnung, gelegt. Die Festigkeit, ausgedrückt durch die Streckgrenze, kann dabei relativ tiefe Werte annehmen. Für Sicherheitsbauteile im Automobilbau sollten die folgenden Minimalwerte erreicht werden: Dehngrenze (Rp0.2): 120 MPa Zugfestigkeit (Rm): 180 MPa Dehnung (A5) 15% For crash-relevant components in automotive engineering, the focus is on ductility, i.e. on the deformability and on the ductile fracture, expressed by the elongation at break. The strength, expressed by the yield strength, can take on relatively low values. The following minimum values should be achieved for safety components in automotive engineering: Yield strength (Rp0.2): 120 MPa Tensile strength (Rm): 180 MPa Elongation (A5) 15%

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Aluminiumlegierung und eine Wärmebehandlung anzugeben, mit welcher eine hohe Bruchdehnung bei ausreichender Streckgrenze auch ohne Durchführung einer Hochtemperaturglühung mit nachfolgender Wasserabschreckung erreicht werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of an aluminum alloy specify a heat treatment with which a high elongation at break sufficient yield strength even without high-temperature annealing can be achieved with subsequent water quenching.

Zur erfindungsgemässen Lösung der Aufgabe führt, dass eine Legierung mit 9.5 bis 11.5 Gew.-% Silizium 0.3 bis 0.6 Gew.-% Mangan 0.15 bis 0.35 Gew.-% Eisen 0.1 bis 0.4 Gew.-% Magnesium max. 0.1 Gew.-% Titan 90 bis 180 ppm Strontium wahlweise noch 0.1 bis 0.3 Gew.-% Chrom 0.1 bis 0.3 Gew.-% Nickel 0.1 bis 0.3 Gew.-% Kobalt und als Rest Aluminium mit herstellungsbedingten Verunreinigungen, einzeln max. 0.05 Gew.-%, insgesamt max. 0.2 Gew.-%, zum Bauteil gegossen, das gegossene Bauteil nachfolgend in einem Temperaturbereich von 400 bis 490°C während einer Zeitdauer von 20 bis 120 min partiell lösungsgeglüht und anschliessend an Luft abgekühlt wird.To achieve the object according to the invention, an alloy with 9.5 to 11.5 % By weight silicon 0.3 to 0.6 Wt% manganese 0.15 to 0.35 Wt% iron 0.1 to 0.4 % By weight magnesium Max. 0.1 % By weight titanium 90 to 180 ppm strontium optionally still 0.1 to 0.3 Wt% chromium 0.1 to 0.3 % By weight nickel 0.1 to 0.3 Wt% cobalt and the rest aluminum with production-related impurities, individually max. 0.05% by weight, total max. 0.2% by weight, cast to the component, the cast component is subsequently partially solution-annealed in a temperature range from 400 to 490 ° C. for a period of 20 to 120 min and then cooled in air.

Die Legierung entspricht im wesentlichen der aus EP-B-0687742 bekannten Legierung mit gegenüber dieser erhöhtem Eisen- und erniedrigtem Mangangehalt. Diese Variation in der Legierungszusammensetzung hat einen positiven Einfluss auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften, da die Al12(Mg,Fe)Si2-Phasen deutlich feiner ausgebildet und gleichmässiger verteilt sind, was sich letztlich in einer verbesserten Duktilität niederschlägt. Durch den höheren Eisengehalt kann als Legierungsbasis Aluminium von geringerer Reinheit verwendet werden, wodurch sich die Gestehungskosten für die Legierung reduzieren. Zudem erlaubt der höhere Eisengehalt, den zur Verminderung der Klebeneigung der Legierung in der Druckgiessform verwendeten Manganzusatz herabzusetzen.The alloy essentially corresponds to the alloy known from EP-B-0687742 with an increased iron and reduced manganese content. This variation in the alloy composition has a positive influence on the mechanical properties, since the Al 12 (Mg, Fe) Si 2 phases are significantly finer and more evenly distributed, which ultimately results in improved ductility. Due to the higher iron content, aluminum of lower purity can be used as an alloy base, which reduces the cost of the alloy. In addition, the higher iron content makes it possible to reduce the manganese additive used to reduce the tendency of the alloy to stick in the die.

Anstelle der bei AlSi-Druckgusslegierungen üblichen Lösungsglühung bzw. Einformungsglühung des Eutektikums bei Temperaturen um 500°C mit nachfolgender Wasserabschreckung wird erfindungsgemäss die partielle Lösungsglühung bei tieferen Temperaturen eingeführt. Die gewählten Glühbedingungen gewährleisten eine ausreichende Einformung des eutektischen Siliziums. Die Abkühlung kann an ruhender Luft, allenfalls unterstützt durch Ventilatoren, erfolgen. Durch die gegenüber üblichen Lösungsglühtemperaturen erniedrigte Gussglühung kann die Blasenbildung infolge Gasporosität verhindert werden.Instead of the solution annealing or customary for AlSi die casting alloys Annealing of the eutectic at temperatures around 500 ° C with subsequent According to the invention, water quenching is the partial solution annealing introduced at lower temperatures. The chosen annealing conditions ensure adequate molding of the eutectic silicon. The cooling can take place in still air, if necessary supported by fans, respectively. Lowered by the usual solution annealing temperatures Cast annealing can prevent the formation of bubbles due to gas porosity.

Erfindungsgemäss werden somit Temperaturbereich und Zeitdauer der Lösungsglühung so gewählt, dass einerseits die starke Gussübersättigung von Silizium zur Verbesserung der Duktilität abgebaut wird und andrerseits die Streckgrenze durch eine anschliessende Warmaushärtung auf die geforderten Werte eingestellt werden kann.According to the invention, the temperature range and duration of the solution annealing are thus chosen so that on the one hand the strong cast oversaturation of Silicon is broken down to improve the ductility and on the other hand the Yield strength through subsequent heat curing to the required Values can be set.

Der Temperaturbereich für die partielle Lösungsglühung liegt bevorzugt zwischen etwa 420 und 460°C. Unter Inkaufnahme eines geringen mechanischen Festigkeitsverlustes kann das Bauteil für gewissen Anwendungen ohne nachfolgende Warmaushärtung eingesetzt werden.The temperature range for the partial solution treatment is preferably between about 420 and 460 ° C. Accepting a minor mechanical The component can lose strength for certain applications without subsequent Hot curing can be used.

Zur Einstellung des gewünschten Festigkeitsniveaus kann das Bauteil nach der partiellen Lösungsglühung im Temperaturbereich der Ausscheidungshärtung von Mg2Si zusätzlich warmausgehärtet werden. Diese Warmaushärtung wird bevorzugt in einem Temperaturbereich von etwa 190 bis 240°C, insbesondere etwa 190 bis 220°C, durchgeführt.To set the desired strength level, the component can be adjusted according to partial solution annealing in the temperature range of precipitation hardening can also be thermoset by Mg2Si. This thermosetting will preferably in a temperature range of about 190 to 240 ° C, in particular about 190 to 220 ° C.

Das bevorzugte Anwendungsgebiet des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens liegt in der Herstellung grossflächiger und dünnwandiger Bauteile mit hohem Aufnahmevermögen für kinetische Energie durch plastische Verformung, d.h. crashrelevanter Bauteile, wie sie als Sicherheitsbauteile im Fahrzeugbau und insbesondere im Automobilbau eingesetzt werden. Beispiele für Sicherheitsbauteile sind Space Frame Knoten und Crashelemente.The preferred field of application of the method according to the invention is in the production of large-area and thin-walled components with high absorption capacity for kinetic energy through plastic deformation, i.e. crash-relevant components such as safety components in vehicle construction and be used in particular in the automotive industry. Examples of safety components are space frame nodes and crash elements.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele.Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments.

BeispieleExamples

Die chemischen Analysen der untersuchten Legierungen sind aus der Tabelle 1 ersichtlich. Die Legierung A ist erfindungsgemäss, die Legierung B ist eine Vergleichslegierung und entspricht einer Legierung gemäss EP-B-0687742. Legierung Zusammensetzung (Gew.-%) Si Mn Fe Mg Ti Sr A 10.45 0.45 0.24 0.28 0.05 0.014 B 10.88 0.58 0.10 0.17 0.05 0.013 The chemical analyzes of the alloys examined are shown in Table 1. Alloy A is according to the invention, alloy B is a comparative alloy and corresponds to an alloy according to EP-B-0687742. alloy Composition (% by weight) Si Mn Fe Mg Ti Sr. A 10.45 0.45 0.24 0.28 0.05 0.014 B 10.88 0.58 0.10 0.17 0.05 0.013

Aus den Legierungen A und B wurde je ein gleiches, schwer zu giessendes Bauteil mit einem Vakuumdruckgiessverfahren hergestellt. Bei dem Bauteil handelt es sich um eine sogenannte "B-Säule" für den Fahrzeugbau, d.h. ein grossflächiges und dünnwandiges Bauteil mit einer Wandstärke von 2 mm.Alloys A and B became the same, difficult to cast Component manufactured with a vacuum die casting process. With the component is a so-called "B-pillar" for vehicle construction, i.e. on large-area and thin-walled component with a wall thickness of 2 mm.

Beispiel 1example 1

Das Bauteil aus der erfindungsgemässen Legierung A wurde nach dem Giessen der folgenden Wärmebehandlung unterworfen: Partielle Lösungsglühung 440°C/60 min an Luft Abkühlung an ruhender Luft Warmauslagerung 220°C/110 min an Luft The component made from alloy A according to the invention was subjected to the following heat treatment after casting: Partial solution annealing 440 ° C / 60 min in air Cooling in still air warm aging 220 ° C / 110 min in air

Nach dieser Wärmebehandlung wurden Zugproben aus den Gussteilen herausgearbeitet und an diesen die folgenden mechanischen Eigenschaften ermittelt: Rm 200 MPa Rp0.2 120 MPa A5 17% After this heat treatment, tensile specimens were worked out from the castings and the following mechanical properties were determined on them: Rm 200 MPa Rp0.2 120 MPa A5 17%

Beispiel 2Example 2

An einem Bauteil aus der erfindungsgemässen Legierung A wurde der Verzug nach verschiedenen Wärmebehandlungen gemessen. Der Verzug wurde wie folgt ermittelt: Am Gussteil wurde im Gusszustand (d.h. vor der Wärmebehandlung) an einer bestimmten Stelle ein Referenzpunkt (Nullpunkt) definiert. Nach erfolgter Wärmebehandlung wurde sodann der Abstand zum Referenzpunkt ausgemessen. Dieser Abstand definiert den Verzug als Mass für die aufgrund der durchgeführten Wärmebehandlung sich einstellende Deformation. Die Ergebnisse dieser Verzugsmessungen sind in Tabelle 2 zusammengefasst. Wärmebehandlung / Abkühlung Lösungsglühung 493°C/60 min Wasserabschreckung part. Lösungsglühung 440°C/60 min Abkühlung an ruhender Luft part. Lösungsglühung 440°C/60 min Abkühlung mit Ventilator Verzug (mm) 6.5 <0.5 <0.5 The distortion was measured on a component made from alloy A according to the invention after various heat treatments. The warpage was determined as follows: A reference point (zero point) was defined on the cast part in the cast state (ie before the heat treatment) at a certain point. After the heat treatment, the distance to the reference point was then measured. This distance defines the distortion as a measure of the deformation that arises due to the heat treatment carried out. The results of these distortion measurements are summarized in Table 2. Heat treatment / cooling Solution annealing 493 ° C / 60 min water quenching part. Solution annealing 440 ° C / 60 min cooling in still air part. Solution annealing 440 ° C / 60 min cooling with fan Delay (mm) 6.5 <0.5 <0.5

Der Vorteil der partiellen Lösungsglühung mit Luftabkühlung ist im Vergleich zu der üblichen vollständigen Lösungsglühung bei höherer Temperatur und Wasserabschreckung deutlich erkennbar.The advantage of partial solution annealing with air cooling is compared to the usual complete solution heat treatment at higher temperatures and water quenching clearly.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Die Bauteile aus der erfindungsgemässen Legierung A und der Vergleichslegierung B wurden nach dem Giessen wie folgt wärmebehandelt: Partielle Lösungsglühung 420°C/20 min Abkühlung an ruhender Luft The components made from alloy A according to the invention and comparative alloy B were heat-treated as follows after casting: Partial solution annealing 420 ° C / 20 min Cooling in still air

Nach dieser Wärmebehandlung wurden an vier verschiedenen Stellen Zugproben aus den Bauteilen herausgearbeitet und die mechanischen Eigenschaften ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 3 zusammengestellt. Probenahmestelle Legierung A Legierung B Rm
(MPa) Rp0.2
(MPa) A5
(%) Rm
(MPa) Rp0.2
(MPa) A5
(%) 1 202.2 101.4 16.5 202.8 100.7 13.0 2 200.5 101.7 19.1 202.3 97.4 11.9 3 199.4 100.2 15.6 198.2 98.6 12.9 4 201.6 102.0 15.4 196.9 99.7 14.2 After this heat treatment, tensile specimens were worked out from the components at four different points and the mechanical properties determined. The results are summarized in Table 3. Sampling point Alloy A Alloy B Rm
(MPa) Rp0.2
(MPa) A5
(%) Rm
(MPa) Rp0.2
(MPa) A5
(%) 1 202.2 101.4 16.5 202.8 100.7 13.0 2nd 200.5 101.7 19.1 202.3 97.4 11.9 3rd 199.4 100.2 15.6 198.2 98.6 12.9 4th 201.6 102.0 15.4 196.9 99.7 14.2

Aus Tabelle 3 deutlich erkennbar sind die gegenüber der Vergleichslegierung B verbesserten Bruchdehnungswerte der erfindungsgemässen Legierung A. Table 3 clearly shows that compared to the comparative alloy B improved elongation at break values of alloy A according to the invention

Diese verbesserte Duktilität der erfindungsgemässen Legierung A wird dem positiven Einfluss des höheren Eisengehaltes und demzufolge der feineren Ausbildung und gleichmässigeren Verteilung der Al12(Mn,Fe)Si2-Phasen in der erfindungsgemässen Legierung A gegenüber der Vergleichslegierung B zugeschrieben. Die unterschiedliche Ausbildung und Verteilung der spröden Al12(Mn,Fe)Si2-Phasen konnte metallographisch anhand von Schliffbildern bestätigt werden. Orientierende Versuche haben weiter gezeigt, dass selbst bei Erhöhung des Eisengehaltes auf 0.35 Gew.-% und gleichzeitiger Erniedrigung des Mangangehaltes auf 0.4 Gew.-% noch keine für die Duktilität schädlichen β-AlFeSi-Phasen auftreten. Korrosionsuntersuchungen haben zudem gezeigt, dass die bei kleinen Eisengehalten wegen der groben Ausscheidung der als kathodische Lokalelemente wirksamen Al12(Mn,Fe)Si2-Phasen beobachtete Lochfrasskorrosion durch den erhöhten Eisengehalt verhindert wird.This improved ductility of the alloy A according to the invention is attributed to the positive influence of the higher iron content and consequently the finer formation and more uniform distribution of the Al 12 (Mn, Fe) Si 2 phases in the alloy A according to the invention compared to the comparative alloy B. The different formation and distribution of the brittle Al 12 (Mn, Fe) Si 2 phases could be confirmed metallographically using micrographs. Orientative tests have further shown that even when the iron content is increased to 0.35% by weight and the manganese content is simultaneously reduced to 0.4% by weight, no β-AlFeSi phases harmful to the ductility occur. Corrosion tests have also shown that pitting corrosion, which is observed at low iron contents due to the rough precipitation of the Al 12 (Mn, Fe) Si 2 phases, which act as cathodic local elements, is prevented by the increased iron content.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteiles mit hohen Duktilitätsanforderungen aus einer Aluminiumlegierung durch Druckgiessen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Legierung mit 9.5 bis 11.5 Gew.-% Silizium 0.3 bis 0.6 Gew.-% Mangan 0.15 bis 0.35 Gew.-% Eisen 0.1 bis 0.4 Gew.-% Magnesium max. 0.1 Gew.-% Titan 90 bis 180 ppm Strontium
wahlweise noch 0.1 bis 0.3 Gew.-% Chrom 0.1 bis 0.3 Gew.-% Nickel 0.1 bis 0.3 Gew.-% Kobalt
und als Rest Aluminium mit herstellungsbedingten Verunreinigungen, einzeln max. 0.05 Gew.-%, insgesamt max. 0.2 Gew.-%, zum Bauteil gegossen, das gegossene Bauteil nachfolgend in einem Temperaturbereich von 400 bis 490°C während einer Zeitdauer von 20 bis 120 min partiell lösungsgeglüht und anschliessend an Luft abgekühlt wird.Process for producing a component with high ductility requirements from an aluminum alloy by die casting,
characterized in that an alloy with 9.5 to 11.5 % By weight silicon 0.3 to 0.6 Wt% manganese 0.15 to 0.35 Wt% iron 0.1 to 0.4 % By weight magnesium Max. 0.1 % By weight titanium 90 to 180 ppm strontium
optionally still 0.1 to 0.3 Wt% chromium 0.1 to 0.3 % By weight nickel 0.1 to 0.3 Wt% cobalt
and the rest aluminum with production-related impurities, individually max. 0.05% by weight, total max. 0.2% by weight, cast to the component, the cast component is subsequently partially solution-annealed in a temperature range from 400 to 490 ° C. for a period of 20 to 120 min and then cooled in air. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die partielle Lösungsglühung in einem Temperaturbereich von etwa 420 bis 460°C durchgeführt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the partial Solution annealing in a temperature range of around 420 to 460 ° C is carried out. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bauteil nach der partiellen Lösungsglühung zur Einstellung des gewünschten Festigkeitsniveaus im Temperaturbereich der Ausscheidungs-, härtung von Mg2Si warmausgehärtet wird.Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the component is heat-cured after the partial solution annealing to set the desired strength level in the temperature range of the precipitation, hardening of Mg 2 Si. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Warmaushärtung in einem Temperaturbereich von etwa 190 bis 240°C, insbesondere etwa 190 bis 220°C, durchgeführt wird.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat curing in a temperature range of approximately 190 to 240 ° C, in particular about 190 to 220 ° C, is carried out. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zur Herstellung grossflächiger und dünnwandiger Bauteile mit hohem Aufnahmevermögen für kinetische Energie durch plastische Verformung.Application of the method according to one of claims 1 to 4 for production large-area and thin-walled components with high absorption capacity for kinetic energy through plastic deformation. Verwendung eines mit dem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 hergestellten Bauteiles als Sicherheitsbauteil im Fahrzeugbau.Use of a with the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 manufactured component as a safety component in vehicle construction.
EP99810313A 1998-10-05 1999-04-15 Method for fabricating a component from an aluminium alloy by pressure die-casting Expired - Lifetime EP0997550B1 (en)

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EP1612286A2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-04 ALUMINIUM RHEINFELDEN GmbH Aluminium alloy for pressure die casting
GB2421735A (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-05 Denso Corp Aluminium-silicon casting alloy
WO2008006908A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-17 Bdw Technologies Gmbh Aluminum alloy and the utilization thereof for a cast component, in particular a motor vehicle
EP2128276A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-12-02 BDW technologies GmbH Method and system for producing a cast component
EP2138593A2 (en) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-30 BDW technologies GmbH Casting component and method for its manufacture
WO2010124835A1 (en) * 2009-04-28 2010-11-04 Belte Ag Aluminium-silicon diecasting alloy for thin-walled structural components
DE112004001160B4 (en) * 2003-06-24 2011-12-08 General Motors Corp. Aluminum alloy for a cast engine block, cast cylinder block for an internal combustion engine, and use of the aluminum alloy
EP2471967A1 (en) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-04 Casa Maristas Azterlan Method for obtaining improved mechanical properties in recycled aluminium castings free of platelet-shaped beta-phases
WO2012022577A3 (en) * 2010-07-21 2012-09-13 Bdw Technologies Gmbh Method for heat-treating a cast component
US8302979B2 (en) 2007-11-08 2012-11-06 Ksm Castings Gmbh Front-axle bracket for motor vehicles
EP2735621A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-28 Georg Fischer Druckguss GmbH & Co. KG Aluminium die casting alloy

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WO2017135463A1 (en) * 2016-02-05 2017-08-10 学校法人芝浦工業大学 Aluminum alloy for casting, aluminum alloy member and method for producing aluminum alloy member
DE102018214739A1 (en) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-05 Magna BDW technologies GmbH High-strength housing, as well as processes for the production of high-strength cast housings
CN112662920B (en) * 2020-12-02 2022-03-15 成都慧腾创智信息科技有限公司 High-thermal-conductivity high-toughness die-casting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof

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DE112004001160B4 (en) * 2003-06-24 2011-12-08 General Motors Corp. Aluminum alloy for a cast engine block, cast cylinder block for an internal combustion engine, and use of the aluminum alloy
EP1612286A3 (en) * 2004-06-29 2007-05-30 ALUMINIUM RHEINFELDEN GmbH Aluminium alloy for pressure die casting
EP1612286A2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-04 ALUMINIUM RHEINFELDEN GmbH Aluminium alloy for pressure die casting
GB2421735A (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-05 Denso Corp Aluminium-silicon casting alloy
GB2421735B (en) * 2004-12-28 2008-10-15 Denso Corp Aluminium alloy for die castings and production process of aluminium alloy castings
WO2008006908A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-17 Bdw Technologies Gmbh Aluminum alloy and the utilization thereof for a cast component, in particular a motor vehicle
US8302979B2 (en) 2007-11-08 2012-11-06 Ksm Castings Gmbh Front-axle bracket for motor vehicles
US8567801B2 (en) 2007-11-08 2013-10-29 Ksm Castings Group Gmbh Front-axle bracket for motor vehicles
EP2128276A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-12-02 BDW technologies GmbH Method and system for producing a cast component
EP2138593A3 (en) * 2008-06-24 2010-10-27 BDW technologies GmbH Casting component and method for its manufacture
EP2138593A2 (en) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-30 BDW technologies GmbH Casting component and method for its manufacture
WO2010124835A1 (en) * 2009-04-28 2010-11-04 Belte Ag Aluminium-silicon diecasting alloy for thin-walled structural components
WO2012022577A3 (en) * 2010-07-21 2012-09-13 Bdw Technologies Gmbh Method for heat-treating a cast component
EP2471967A1 (en) * 2010-12-28 2012-07-04 Casa Maristas Azterlan Method for obtaining improved mechanical properties in recycled aluminium castings free of platelet-shaped beta-phases
WO2012089886A3 (en) * 2010-12-28 2012-12-13 Casa Maristas Azterlan Method for obtaining improved mechanical properties in recycled aluminum castings free of beta phases in the form of a sheet
EP2735621A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-28 Georg Fischer Druckguss GmbH & Co. KG Aluminium die casting alloy
US9322086B2 (en) 2012-11-21 2016-04-26 Georg Fischer Druckguss Gmbh & Co Kg Aluminum pressure casting alloy

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SI0997550T1 (en) 2003-04-30
ATE225868T1 (en) 2002-10-15
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EP0992601A1 (en) 2000-04-12

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