EP0995832A2 - Laid synthetic fibre rope - Google Patents

Abstract

Synthetic fiber cable, comprises load bearing strand layers (14, 16) twisted in the opposite direction to outer strand layers (21). Synthetic fiber cable comprises load bearing synthetic fibre strands (10, 11, 12) twisted together to form concentric strand layers (14, 16). The strands (12) of an outer layer (21) are twisted in the opposite direction to those of the adjacent inner layer (16).

Description

The invention relates to a synthetic fiber rope, preferably made of aromatic polyamide, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ropes are particularly useful in conveyor technology, such as B. at Elevators, in crane construction and in opencast mining, an important strong stressed machine element. It is particularly complex Stress on driven ropes, such as in Elevator construction can be used.

In conventional elevator systems, the car frame is one in a elevator shaft guided cabin and a counterweight connected by a steel cable. To the cabin and that To lift and lower the counterweight, the rope runs over a Traction sheave which is driven by a drive motor. The The drive torque is in frictional engagement over the Wrap angle stamped on the rope section. Here the rope is exposed to great transverse tension. When redirecting the Ropes on the traction sheave under load guide the strands Relative movements out to tension differences balance.

Large rope lengths are necessary for elevator systems and it for energetic reasons there is a demand for small crowds. High-strength synthetic fiber ropes, for example made of aromatic polyamides or aramids with high grade oriented molecular chains better meet these requirements as steel cables.

Ropes made of aramid fibers show the same thing Cross section compared to conventional steel cables much higher load capacity and only a fifth to Sixth of the specific weight. In contrast to steel has the aramid fiber due to its atomic structure low elongation at break and low transverse strength.

So the aramid fibers when running over the traction sheave The lowest possible transverse stresses are used in the EP 0 672 781 A1, for example, one suitable as a traction rope Aramid fiber rope proposed. Between the extreme and an inner sheath is attached to the inner layer of strands Prevents contact of the strands of different layers and thereby reducing wear by rubbing against each other. The so far known aramid rope offers regarding Service life, high abrasion resistance and fatigue strength satisfactory values; however, it has been found that there is a possibility that in the permanently charged Driving rope due to the parallel stranding over one of part of the traction sheave an internal torque works and the length of the rope runs over the Traction sheave turns or turns around the longitudinal axis. As a result The resulting stress can lead to structural changes which then lead to excess lengths of individual outer strands to lead. The excess lengths are repeated runs of the Rope section over the traction sheave in the rope transported on. Such a change in the constructive Building the rope is undesirable because it becomes one Reduce the rope book force or even lead to the failure of the rope could.

The invention has for its object the disadvantages of to avoid known synthetic fiber rope and a synthetic fiber rope to be specified with a rotation-neutral structure.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a synthetic fiber rope solved with the features specified in claim 1.

The advantages achieved by the invention are that those arising under load due to the rope structure Torques are due to the counter lay stranding of the strands Top layer with the inner strands carrying them mutually pick up and thus an outward rotation neutral rope construction is achieved. The benefits are basically on everyone Tension-loaded rope according to the invention reached independently whether it is a rope in running or standing Application.

It is advantageous to have the inner strand layer made of strands of different diameters. An alternating one Arrangement of large-diameter and small-diameter strands results in a strand layer with an almost circular cross section and a high degree of filling. Overall, the strands are tight to each other and support each other, which is a very compact and there is tight stranding on the traction sheave little deformed and shows no tendency to open.

Furthermore, a parallel run of superimposed Strands of different layers line contact and thus one significantly lower surface pressure in the cross-strand direction. This applies in the same way to aramid fibers of a strand. Are the synthetic fibers of a strand in the same Direction of lay like the strand itself is struck better cohesion of the stranding achieved.

In addition, the lifespan of strands stranded in parallel be increased if, for example, with a two-layer Parallel lay stranding the direction of rotation of the fibers of strands a strand layer opposite to the direction of rotation of the fibers of strands of the other strand layer is provided.

An advantageous distribution of the on as a rope used synthetic fiber rope forces on the Overall cross section of the strands is according to a preferred one Embodiment of the invention achieved in that the outside underlying strands and the strands of the inner strand layer underneath a lay length ratio of 1.5 to 1.8 with each other are stranded. When the rope is loaded, this results in a homogeneous tension distribution on all high-strength strands. All strands contribute to the tensile strength of the rope, which results in high fatigue strength and overall high Rope lifespan result.

In other dependent claims are advantageous Developments and improvements in claim 1 specified invention listed.

Figur 1,

eine schematische Darstellung einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer Umhängung von 2:1,

Figur 2,

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemässen Gegenschlagseils,

Figur 3,

eine Querschnittsansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung.

Further details are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments of the counter-lay rope produced according to the invention by multistage stranding. Show it:

Figure 1,

1 shows a schematic representation of an elevator installation with a 2: 1 sheathing,

Figure 2,

2 shows a perspective illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of the counter-lay rope according to the invention,

Figure 3,

a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an elevator system with a 2: 1 suspension over two pulleys 2,3. Rope end connections 4 for the elevator rope 1 are in this Arrangement not on the cabin 5 and on the counterweight 6, but attached to the upper shaft end 7. Clearly too can be seen the deflection of the cabin 5 and counterweight 6 loaded elevator ropes 1 via the two pulleys 2 and 3 and the traction sheave 8.

In Figure 2 is a first embodiment of the Elevator rope 1 according to the invention shown. For the Elevator rope 1 strands 9, 10, 11, 12 are used individual aramid fibers twisted or beaten. Each Aramid fiber, as well as the strands 9, 10, 11, 12 themselves to protect the fibers with an impregnating agent, e.g. Treated polyurethane solution. The polyurethane content can depending on the desired bending alternating power e.g. between ten and sixty percent lie.

The elevator rope 1 is made up of a core strand 9 to the in a first lay direction 13 five identical strands 10 one first strand layer 14 are placed helically, and with which ten strands 10, 11 of a second strand layer 15 in Parallel strike under a balanced relationship between Fiber and strand twist twist are stranded. The aramid fibers can be in the same or opposite direction be beaten like the strands of the strand of them belong to. With the same stroke direction, a better one Cohesion of the stranding achieved in the unloaded state. An increase in life is possible if the Direction of rotation of the fibers of the first strand layer 13 opposite to the direction of rotation of the fibers of strands 10, 11 of the second strand layer 16 or vice versa.

The second strand layer 16 consists of an alternating one Arrangement of two types of five identical strands 10 each, 11 together. Five strands 11 with a larger diameter are located helical in the valleys of the first bearing them Strand 14, while five strands 10 with the diameter of Strands 10 of the first strand layer 14 on the crests 17 of them bearing first strand layer 14 and thereby the gaps 18th between two neighboring strands of larger diameter Fill in 11. In this way, it gets double parallel stranded rope core 19 a second strand layer 16 with almost cylindrical outer contour, the one described below Offers advantages in cooperation with an intermediate jacket 20.

Under longitudinal loading of the elevator rope 1, the Parallel stranding of the rope core 19 to the lay direction 13 oppositely directed torque.

With the rope core 9 there are about 17 strands 12 in one to the first Beat direction 13 opposite second beat direction 15 stranded to a top strand layer 22 in the hawser. The Lay length ratio of the outer strands 12 with the Strands 10, 11 of the inner strand layers 14, 16 is in the illustrated embodiment 1.6. Basically is a Lay length ratio of the counter lay stranding in the range of 1.5 to 1.8 advantageous. This essentially results in a identical pitch angle of the helical Strands 10, 11 of the inner second strand layers 14, 16 and Strands 12 of the cover strand layer 21 with a permissible deviation in a range of +/- 2 degrees. The stranding of the Cover strand layer 21 builds a torque under load, which in Direction against the second direction of rotation 15 rotates.

Between the stranded in the second lay direction 15 Cover strand layer 21 and the strands 10, 11 of the second strand layer 16 there is an intermediate jacket 20. The intermediate jacket 20 envelops the second strand layer 16 in a tubular manner and prevents it a contact of the strands 10, 11 with the strands 12. On this In this way he avoids wear of the strands 10, 11, 12 by rubbing against each other while running the Elevator ropes 1 over the traction sheave 8 and this Relative displacement of the strands 10, 11, 12 among themselves.

Another function of the intermediate jacket 20 is Transmission of the load on the elevator rope 1 in the Cover strand layer 21 built-up torque to the second Strand layer 16 and thus on the rope core 19, the Parallel stranding with first lay direction 13 below Longitudinal loading of the rope 1 to the direction of lay builds up opposite torque. This is the Intermediate jacket 20 made of an elastically deformable material, such as As polyurethane or polyester elastomers on the stranded rope core 9 sprayed or extruded. Under the centrically acting lacing force of the cover strand layer 21 is the Intermediate jacket 20 is elastically deformed, being close to the Circumferential jacket contours of the strand layers 16 and 21 creates and fills all gaps 22.

Its elasticity must be greater than that of Strand impregnation and the load-bearing strand material in order to avoid their premature damage. On the other hand, should the total stretch of the intermediate jacket 20 is greater in any case be as the maximum occurring relative movement of the strands 10, 11, 12 with each other. At the same time is the frictional resistance between the strands 10, 11, 12 and the intermediate sheath 20 with u> 0.15 chosen such that almost no relative movement takes place between strands and the intermediate sheath 20, but the intermediate jacket 20 compensating movements by elastic Deformation follows.

The radial over the thickness 23 of the intermediate jacket 20 Distance 24 of the cover strand layer 12 to the fulcrum of the elevator rope 1 controlled and above that Torque ratio of the loaded elevator rope 1 acting, oppositely directed torques of Cover strand layer 21 and the parallel stranded rope core 19 be neutralized. The thickness 23 of the intermediate jacket 20 is with increasing diameter of the strands 12 or Strands 9 and 10 larger to choose. In any case, the thickness 23 of the intermediate jacket 20 to be dimensioned so that in loaded state, after the flow process has been completed, that is with completely filled strand spaces 22 a Residual sheath thickness of 0.1 mm between strands 10, 11 and 12 of adjacent strand layers 16 and 21 is ensured. The elastically deformed intermediate jacket 21 causes even torque transmission over the entire Circumferential surface of the second strand layer 16. This is the Lacing force of the cover strand layer 21 and the torque of the Cover strand layer 21 not primarily on the crests as previously 17 individual strands, but distributed over a large area entire circumferential surface. Force peaks are avoided and instead, smaller, area-based ones appear Surface forces. The volume of the strand spaces 22 can due to the alternating arrangement of diameters 11 and smaller diameter strands 10 of the second strand layer 16 be minimized.

Another training variant is the second strand layer 16 not encased as a whole with an intermediate layer, but the strands 10, 11 and / or 12 individually with a sheath made of plastic with appropriate elastic properties envelop. This is as high as possible Pay attention to the coefficient of friction of the jacket material.

As a protective covering for the aramid fiber strands is a Cable sheath 25 is provided. The cable sheath 25 consists of Plastic, preferably polyurethane and ensures that desired coefficient of friction u to the traction sheave 8. Furthermore, the Abrasion resistance of the plastic jacket is also a strict one Demand, because when the elevator rope runs over the traction sheave 8 no damage occurs. The cable sheath 25 goes with the cover strand layer 21 has such a good bond, that he runs when the elevator rope 1 over the traction sheave 8 and the imprinted thrust and pressure forces between the two no relative movement takes place.

Except for one surrounding the entire top strand layer 21 Rope sheath 25, each individual strand 12 can also have a separate, completely closed jacket 26 may be provided. The further construction of the elevator rope 1 remains unchanged.

Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of a second embodiment of the inventive Counter-lay rope in unloaded condition. As far as possible are identical parts with the reference numerals from above described first embodiment. Also at In this second embodiment, strands 27 are one Top strand layer 28 in counter-lay with a rope core 29 stranded. The cover strand layer 28 comprises thirteen strands 12 and is covered by a rope sheath 30. Between the Cover strand layer 28 and the cable core 29 is an intermediate sheath 31 appropriate. The intermediate jacket 31 lies against the adjacent outer surfaces of the top strand layer 28 and the Rope core 29 and fills the spaces 32 between the strands 27 completely. With regard to material, dimensions and Function of the intermediate jacket 31 applies to the intermediate jacket 20 of the first exemplary embodiment. The rope core 29 is made up of three strands 33, 34, 35 of different thicknesses made of aramid fibers, with three strands 33 forming a core rope to the strands 34 and 35 around in alternating order are stranded in parallel lay.

Beyond the exemplary embodiments described above, can one or more each counter-strike to which they bearing strand layer stranded top strand layers coaxial are provided to each other. Furthermore, multiple stranded Stranded layers are formed. With regard to with the Invention achieved advantageous effect, care must be taken that the torques emanating from the strand layers always are mutually balanced.

In addition to applications as a pure suspension rope, the rope can also be used use a wide variety of conveyor systems, e.g. For Elevators, mine hoists in mining, load cranes such as construction, Hall or ship cranes, cable cars and ski lifts as well as Traction devices for escalators. The drive can both by Friction over traction sheaves or Koeppe sheaves as well by rotating rope drums on which the rope is wound will be done. Under conveyor rope is a running, to understand driven rope, sometimes as a pull or Carrier rope is called.

Reference list

1-elevator rope

2 pulley

3 pulley

4-rope end connection

5-cabin

6 counterweight

7-shaft end

8 traction sheave

9-strand

10 strands

11-strand

12 strands

13-first beat direction

14-first strand layer

15-second stroke direction

16-second strand layer

17 crest

18 gap

19 rope core

20 intermediate sheath

21-top strand layer

22 space

23-thickness, intermediate sheath

24 radial distance

25 rope sheath

26-coat, braid

27-wire

28-top strand layer

29 rope core

30 rope sheath

31 intermediate sheath

32 space

33 strands

34 strands

35 strands

Claims (10)

Synthetic fiber rope, consisting of at least two concentric strand layers (14, 16) stranded synthetic fiber strands (10, 11, 12), characterized in that the strands (12) of an outer strand layer (21) with the inner strand layer (16 ) are stranded in counter-lay. Synthetic fiber rope according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner strand layer (16) has strands (10, 11) of different diameters. Synthetic fiber rope, according to claim 1, characterized in that the strands (9, 10, 11, 12) consist of aramid fibers lying parallel to each other. Synthetic fiber rope, according to claim 1, characterized in that the synthetic fibers are laid in the same lay direction (13, 15) as the strands (10, 11, 12) of the strand layer (16, 21) in which they are arranged. Synthetic fiber rope, according to claim 1, characterized in that the strands (10, 11) of the inner strand layer (16) are stranded in parallel lay with an adjacent strand layer (14) of a rope core (19) carrying them, the direction of rotation of the fibers of strands ( 10) of the adjacent strand layer (14) is opposite to the direction of rotation of the fibers of strands (10, 11) of the inner strand layer (16). Synthetic fiber rope according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer strands (12) and the strands (10, 11) of the inner strand layer (16) are stranded under a lay length ratio of 1.5-1.8. Synthetic fiber rope according to claim 1, characterized in that between the inner strand layer (16) and the outer strand layer (21) an elastically deformable intermediate layer (20) to avoid contact of strands (10, 11, 12) of the adjacent strand layers (16, 21) is formed. Synthetic fiber rope according to claim 7, characterized in that the intermediate layer is designed as a tubular intermediate sheath (20) enveloping the inner strand layer (16). Synthetic fiber rope according to claim 7, characterized in that each strand (12) of the outer strand layer (21) and / or the inner strand layer (16) has a sheath (26). Elevator system with a synthetic fiber rope according to one of the Claims 1 to 9.

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