EP0989383A2 - Dispositif pour le dosage de matériaux pulvérulents - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le dosage de matériaux pulvérulents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0989383A2
EP0989383A2 EP99118798A EP99118798A EP0989383A2 EP 0989383 A2 EP0989383 A2 EP 0989383A2 EP 99118798 A EP99118798 A EP 99118798A EP 99118798 A EP99118798 A EP 99118798A EP 0989383 A2 EP0989383 A2 EP 0989383A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closure
measuring
container
clamping
dosing unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99118798A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0989383A3 (fr
Inventor
Karl Dipl.-Ing. Hoermann (FH)
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0989383A2 publication Critical patent/EP0989383A2/fr
Publication of EP0989383A3 publication Critical patent/EP0989383A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/02—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/004—Cartridge loaders of the rotatable-turret type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for dosing granules, propellants, explosives, gunpowder, and other pourable substances at least comprising a dosing unit with a measuring chamber to hold at least an effective volume of such a substance and a container for the Substance with a closure which can be converted from a closed position into an open position and a Adhesive connection for connecting components of the container, a clamp holder for receiving the container and a holding device for the vertical reception of the container fixed to the clamp holder. Furthermore concerns the invention a preferred use for setting a target amount SM of the substance on the Dosing unit and preferred uses of the arrangement for dosing such substances using gravity.
  • powder is used in the technical sense as a synonym for all pourable substances second hand.
  • powder bottle generally means a storage container for powder. If in further referred to by users, is meant a person who has a predetermined amount of a Wants to produce substance.
  • the Apparatus consists of a powder-filled storage vessel, which is attached to an L-shaped angle rail on the short leg is arranged, the long leg of the angle rail standing upright with a Vice is connected. There is a rail on the long leg and the L-shaped one along the long leg Angular rail can be moved and locked and can be moved parallel to the short leg arranged. Between the short leg and the rail are two sleeves inserted into one another Lever between the leg and the rail can be moved horizontally to an outlet.
  • the powder filling device for muzzle-loading weapons has become known, which the application of Historic powder bottles with a measuring nozzle and a closure popular with muzzle-loaders enables.
  • the powder filling device consists of a tube to which a funnel is attached.
  • the pipe is from the funnel is functionally separated by a closure.
  • the user measures the load by means of the Powder bottle attached measuring nozzle in the traditional way and then fills it in the funnel.
  • the load falls through the barrel into the barrel of the weapon.
  • the Screw the measuring nozzle onto the pipe and fill it with the powder bottle.
  • Spilled Powder is collected by the funnel surrounding the measuring nozzle. After pressing the lock falls the charge from the measuring nozzle down through the tube into the barrel.
  • the known powder filling device has none Spread found.
  • Another way to portion loads is to measure a powder, from a storage container, one Fill powder bottle or the like.
  • a supernatant formed on the powder measure is by means of a Powder size stripped sheared transversely to this pivotally attached funnel member. In closed However, this is generally not permitted at shooting ranges because the stripped powder falls on the floor and only is difficult to remove from cracks. In addition, powder is wasted.
  • the cargo is then carried in in the pivoted state of the funnel member in the barrel, a closable loading tube or a Given cartridge case.
  • a dosing dispenser in bottle form in which one by means of a screw thread adjustable measuring chamber arranged in a housing and pivotally attached to a container.
  • a container In the container is provided with a space for a reservoir and an outlet channel arranged in parallel therefrom a hinged lid attached to the housing is closed.
  • the measuring chamber is opened using a Adjusting tool preset.
  • a measuring chamber can be pivoted with a storage container connected.
  • the swivel mechanism allows powder to enter the Measuring chamber free.
  • the measuring chamber is swiveled into a removal position, the entrance is blocked and the Charge emerges from the measuring chamber under the influence of its own weight.
  • This type of free-standing device is wide widespread since it is universally applicable for portioning small amounts of pourable substance are.
  • the filling pressure has a great influence on the amount of the load.
  • powder flows into the closed position of the swivel mechanism. The space between the individual powder particles is more or less large.
  • the weight of the powder column affects the filling pressure and thus on the Accuracy of charge.
  • the emptying also causes problems, since residues in the storage container are easy remain.
  • a hand-held device for metering propellant charges is from Warren Muzzleloading Co. Inc, Ozone, Arkansas, USA.
  • a container body 70 forming a cylindrical reservoir 69 is as in FIG. 91 shown, on the one hand firmly closed with a non-releasable cover 71.
  • receiving thread 72 which receives a valve body 73 by means of a connecting thread 74.
  • the valve body 73 has a closing piece 75 which is guided in a transversely displaceable manner and which is supported by a compression spring 79 spring-loaded rests in a closed position.
  • actuating means 76 With an actuating means 76, the closure piece 75 are moved into an open position, as a result of which one located in the closure piece 75 Passage opening 77 opens a connecting path 78.
  • a bore 80 is arranged on the side of the valve body 73. Between locking piece 75 and bore 80 a cylindrical outlet channel 81 is arranged.
  • FIG. 92 there is the "Adjustable Black Powder Measure", hereinafter referred to as hollow dimension 89, of a cylindrical tube 90 and a cylindrical measuring chamber 91, in which a slide 92 is immersed.
  • the tube 90 has an outside Knurling 93 on.
  • the slide 92 merges into a square cross-section 94 and is in the knurling 93 opposite passage area 95 guided axially displaceable and with a Pressure screw 96 lockable.
  • the slide 92 has a measuring scale 97 graded in 10 grain steps 0 to 120 grain. By axially moving the slider 92, the amount of a charge becomes more or more less appropriate.
  • the hollow dimension 89 with the knurling 93 inserted into the cylindrical bore 79 of the valve body 73, the device with the reservoir 69 upwards arranged and the actuating means 76 actuated for a filling period.
  • the first disadvantage is that the powder charge generated in this way is relatively imprecise. Furthermore, remains the closing of the connecting path 78 in the outlet channel 80 powder, which protrudes as a cap 98 and is light when the hollow dimension 89 is removed from the bore 79 is wholly or partially stripped and goes unnoticed the floor falls. Furthermore, when changing from black powder to nitrocellulose powder, the storage container 69 can only be drained insufficiently. After removing the valve body, some powder remains in the Container body 70 back. This should be avoided for the reasons mentioned.
  • the actuating means can also 76 can be actuated unintentionally and the powder can escape uncontrolled.
  • the general object of the present invention is to address those encountered in the prior art To overcome disadvantages exhaustively and to provide a flexible, easily transportable arrangement as well as assigned uses, with which amounts of a pourable substance are possible can be produced safely, quickly, easily and precisely without the risk of uncontrolled release of the substance. Furthermore, the function should also be retained in the case of substances which tend to form lumps. Another The object of the invention is to provide advantageous aids for the stationary reception of the powder Provide container. Furthermore, the arrangement should also in particular on site, in laboratories or when shooting can also be used quickly in closed rooms and according to the requirements in the area of application the hazard to be eliminated.
  • the central security task of the closely interlinked subtasks is for the Expert surprisingly simple according to the invention with an arrangement according to the features of the claim 1 solved.
  • the closure is reliable from the locking means held securely in the closed position and protected against unintentional opening. Only in the connected The condition of the closure and dosing unit means that the blocking agent is ineffective. An incorrect operation of the lock is thus effectively prevented.
  • the blocking means is preferably from the dosing unit when connecting Closure and dosing unit can be released, the locking means only becoming ineffective when the filling position is ingested.
  • the blocking means assigned to the assignment means preferably interacts with the Actuating means of the lock interlocking, but especially during transport inadvertent opening of the closure is permanently prevented even during handling.
  • the functionality of the blocking means is easy to check visually.
  • the coupling of the holding means and the On the one hand, locking means ensure that the actuating means can only be actuated when the metering unit in the closure is brought into the filling position, but then on the other hand the holding means takes effect and the Filling position locked. This creates convincingly simple both optimal operating safety and excellent repeatability. At the same time, accidental spillage of the substance is reliable prevented.
  • Locking and holding function are functional in their interaction with each other according to the invention coordinatable but also applicable separately. This offers the advantage of being an optimal purpose Handling safety when handling pourable substances, especially blowing agents and Explosives or other similar dangerous substances.
  • the locking means is in the closed position with the holding means in operative connection in order to achieve the highest possible mechanical functional reliability and compact design achieve.
  • the dosing unit is in the allocation means up to immediately the closure can be brought into the filling position in order to be as accurate as possible for the dimensioning of the substance Position of the dosing unit.
  • the metering unit advantageously has at least one measuring holder that receives measuring means and at least one measuring body which can be assigned to this via a connecting section, the measuring body connected to the measuring holder has the measuring chamber.
  • a dial gauge is good as a measuring device suitable. This design increases the relative measurement accuracy in a simple manner, i.e. it is the Charge relative to a preset setpoint, e.g. caused by climatic conditions prevailing at the shooting range Circumstances, clearly readable and easily correctable accordingly.
  • the holding means preferably acts with the measuring body closest to the closure together, which keeps the mechanical structure simple.
  • the max. Measuring range of the measuring device the volume-related Bulk weight VG of the substance of the effective volume WV of the measuring chamber, the Setting the measuring chamber is linked to the effective volume.
  • the measuring holder optionally has at least one shock-absorbing absorbent , wherein the absorbent is preferably an impact absorber received in a polygon radial groove Body, and the polygon radial groove has corners that are rounded to give kinks avoid.
  • the closure is detachably connected to the container according to a further feature of the invention, the Users can use any containers such as cans or canisters or historical powder bottles and the like bring.
  • the allocation means is detachably connected to the closure according to a further feature of the invention, then can by exchanging different sized allocation means and appropriately adapted measuring body different bulk weights are taken into account. If the device for such flexible use should be designed, the assignment of the measuring equipment to the measuring chamber must be indirect, e.g. through a replaceable in the measuring chamber immersed in the cross section of these corresponding plates his. If a measuring device is provided, the cross-section becomes when dimensioning the effective volume of the measuring chambers to the max. Measuring range of the measuring device related.
  • the holding means the actuating means of the Closure is assigned and acts when opening the closure preferably with the dosing unit together.
  • the axial allocation position is secured by the holding means.
  • the The assignment position cannot be changed unintentionally during the filling process. In addition, ensures a high reproducibility of the load.
  • the container of the arrangement makes an important contribution to the safe handling of powder; he also wears essential to the dosing accuracy and reliable functionality.
  • a storage container with a so-called pouring brake with an inlet and an outlet are known, these having a cross-sectional area ratio of inlet to outlet of 178: 1 having.
  • the diameter of the inlet is 40 mm, that of the outlet 3 mm.
  • Such a so-called "trickle" leads to unsafe portioning.
  • the spout especially if there is a high tendency to lump. Is too the known storage container largely stationary.
  • the task is therefore to create a non-mobile container for holding granules, blowing agents, Explosive, gunpowder or other pourable substances especially for the described Provision arrangement for dosing pourable substances, in the event of dosing disorders are safely avoided.
  • a funnel-shaped section which has an opening which can be closed by means of a lid is assigned for easier emptying of the container. After opening the lid, the container is simple Can be filled and emptied without leaving any residue.
  • the container can be filled particularly safely and easily if, according to a further feature of the invention Opening the bottom part a funnel piece, e.g. is assignable by means of a thread, bayonet or the like.
  • a funnel piece e.g. is assignable by means of a thread, bayonet or the like.
  • the thus formed unit of container and funnel piece is easy and safe to handle with one hand, the other hand is free for handling a larger storage container.
  • the head part of the container is made of a container body transparent material, such as Polycarbonate or safety glass, preferably with the bottom part an adhesive connection according to claims 19 to 21 connected. Is a higher number of containers want to produce, it is preferably formed as an integral one-piece component, this a closure can be assigned.
  • the training and development of the container according to the invention has an advantageous effect, in particular in competitions out.
  • a coupling ring is arranged in the ends of the tubes.
  • the coupling ring has a center in the outside directed bead that is flanked on both sides by a slightly conical section.
  • the ends of the Pipes to be joined have the usual 45 ° chamfers.
  • the inner surfaces of the pipes are with the Glued outer surfaces of the coupling ring.
  • Other connections with coupling rings are e.g. from DE-89 10 407 or GB-85 20 361.
  • Adhesive connections of this type have the disadvantage that protruding edges necessarily occur. Furthermore, the Adhesive connections are difficult to carry out and hinder the dosing of the substance.
  • the circle segments largely have a common one geometric center point at the intersection of the surface normal of the circular segment with the circumferential one Edge on.
  • the adhesive connection is particularly advantageously applicable if at least one of the two components is designed as a tubular body.
  • An adhesive connection for particularly easy installation Pipes with a connecting link is specified in claim 20.
  • Such an adhesive connection can also in light and pipeline construction, such as a strut and a pipe will be shown.
  • the container described above according to the invention itself or on the closure in a suitable To hold clamp holders, e.g. into an existing facility for reloading cartridge cases incorporate or otherwise secure in a vertical position.
  • clamp holders are known for receiving an object, in which the object by means of two oppositely arranged, clampable arms is clamped. Often this will insufficient fixation achieved. However, this is the case with objects and especially with one
  • the container provided with the closure is very disadvantageous. There is therefore a need for items such as the container to fix as securely as possible.
  • pipe clamps with a film hinge are e.g. from DE-19 66 378, DE-21 55 866, DE-72 07 527, DE-72 22 855, DE-73 34 806, US-PS 3,954,238, GB-1 338 602 known.
  • There are pipe clamps with two arms e.g. from DE-PS 871 021, US-PS 3,807,675, US-PS 3,543,355, IT-560 916.
  • a cylindrical object can be quickly - possibly with the help of tool clamping, however the film hinges in particular are subject to heavy wear. On Breakage of only one of the film hinges would cause the object or container to fall out. Also the clamping effect quickly deteriorates, so that in particular the container when the actuating means is actuated rotates slightly around its longitudinal axis. Also, the snap connection is only released with a tool possible. This can easily damage the closure of the container.
  • the object is therefore to provide a clamp holder, which is an object such as the container or Closure reliably jams, especially with a cylindrical object such as the container or the Closure prevents twisting in the clamped position, and that works reliably and permanently.
  • This task is based on a clamp holder for receiving an object, especially for Inclusion of the container of the arrangement for dosing granular substances, according to the characteristics of the Claim 11 solved.
  • an object is formed Comprehensive four-point clamping, which ensures a high degree of security against rotation.
  • the tensioning means preferably has at least one geometrically acting compensating means, whereby disruptive transverse forces resulting from the clamping of the clamping device can be avoided.
  • the clamp holder is particularly good for mobile use and for fixing to the holding device after the Invention suitable if, according to a further feature, the fixing means by a further clamping means tensionable with the clamp holder an integral part forming clamping ring is embodied.
  • the tensioning means is preferably arranged between the spring element and the anti-region to achieve an even distribution of forces.
  • a clamp holder especially for holding a cylindrical object with a diameter - like the closure or the container - is specified according to the invention in claim 12. According to the invention a snug, self-tensioning four-point system is created.
  • clamp holders When handling devices, holding devices are often used, on which clamp holders or others Parts are fixed. Such holding devices are generally attached to tables, plates, shelves or the like. Screw or clamp connections are customary for fastening, such as from DE 16 879 cited above known. The latter are valued for their flexible usability. However, they suffer from the disadvantage that the clamping surfaces of the table are easily damaged when clamping. To avoid this enclose intermediate layers, usually made of wood or leather. These intermediate layers are easily lost. In addition, the tension eases quickly. In this way, the holding device can suddenly unintentionally detach itself and as a result Cause damage or accidents. The operation of such holders is often cumbersome because of the clamping device are arranged on the lower side, so that said damage to the tables is not visible become. In particular, shooters have the problem that the thickness of the work tables or plates of the different shooting ranges is very different. The same circumstances affect users in laboratories and other workshops.
  • the starting point is a holding device which has at least one geometrically acting clamping device, one Has block jaws and a yoke, wherein the clamping device and the block jaw on the yoke each other are assigned opposite fixable, as is known from DE 16 879 recognized at the outset.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a holding device that can be used flexibly, safely, quickly and conveniently is manageable and is characterized by high reliability without damage to the clamping surfaces leave.
  • the pressure compensation means is advantageously at least one between a block jaw and an elastically deformable body arranged on the pressure plate associated with the block jaws, preferably formed from an elastomer or at least a plate spring. According to the environmental influences an appropriate material or suitable spring means can be selected.
  • a particularly easy-to-use holding device results according to the invention if the tensioning device and the jaws are mutually attachable to the yoke opposite each other.
  • a clamping tool in particular for the combination the measuring body of the dosing unit of the arrangement for dosing pourable substances, by means of which the Measuring bodies of the dosing unit can be fixed to each other and to the measuring holder without damaging them at least one driver, a bore with a centering section and one opposite this Flat surface, with the bore merging into the centering section with a tapering arc contour Avoid damage when attaching.
  • the measuring cavity advantageously corresponds to at least one or one integer multiples of the effective volume WV.
  • the determination is optionally carried out for several measuring bodies of the measuring cavities, preferably in a descending order, in order to use the largest possible Find the measuring cavity. If a one-piece dosing unit is preferred, and the measuring chamber at the same time Measurement cavity, k preferably starts at 0.
  • FIG. 1 An arrangement 100 for dosing bulk material 102 is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the arrangement 100 comprises a container 200 which holds the substance 102 and a modularly designed metering unit 300 .
  • This consists of a measuring holder 340 , to which measuring parts 311 , 312, each having a measuring chamber 301 , or with the interposition of a base part 313, likewise having the measuring chamber 301 , and a group of measuring bodies in the form of connecting pieces 400 can be assigned via different logic nodes i to iv .
  • a first connection path 104 at a first logic node i is used to decide whether a measuring part 311 or a large measuring part 312 is required in accordance with a desired target quantity SM of bulk material 102 .
  • the assignment to the measuring holder 340 is then made via a connection path 106 or 108 .
  • the base part 313 can be assigned via a connecting path 110 .
  • the base part 313 can be assigned a bung 314 via a combination path 112 at a second logic node ii corresponding to the amount of sol SM directly via a connection path 114 to the logic node iii .
  • nozzles 410 , 420 , 430 , 440 , 450 of the nozzle group 400 can be used between the logic nodes ii and iii either via the connecting paths 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 individually or via one Connection path 120 can be combined with one another in order to preset the desired amount of substance 102 .
  • the combination found in this way forms the dosing unit 300 .
  • the container 200 shown in FIG. 1 has a closure 500 with an allocation means 522 .
  • the dosing unit 300 is assigned to the allocation means 522 via a logic node vi either via the allocation path 105 the measuring part 311 , or via the allocation path 107 the large measuring part 312 , or via the allocation path 109 the bung 314 connected to the base part 313 to the container 200 of the arrangement 100 Dosing the desired amount 103 of the substance 102 can be assigned .
  • the container 200 has a removable lid 280 at its end opposite the closure 500 .
  • a funnel piece 580 can be connected to the container 200 via a logic node v on the one hand via a connecting path 121 when the cover 280 is removed.
  • the funnel part 580 can also be connected via a connection path 123 via the logic node i to one of the measuring parts 311 , 312 or the base part 313 to form a funnel 599 .
  • the previously described combination possibility of the nozzle group 400 is also available in order to adapt the length of the funnel 599 thus created to the circumstances. The procedure is described later.
  • the measuring holder 340 is shown in FIG. 2 . It has a base body 341 , to which a measuring device 342 is assigned, which can be determined with a locking device 343 .
  • the base body 341 has a receiving region 344 with a receiving bore 345 in which the measuring means 342 rests with a shaft 346 .
  • the receiving area 344 also has an external thread 347 and a first and a second cone section 348 and 349 .
  • the external thread 347 is provided with a free rotation 350 which is penetrated by four bores 351 at right angles to one another.
  • the bores 351 form the end of longitudinal slots 352 which penetrate the receiving area 344 .
  • a clamping nut 353 with an internal thread 354 which engages with the external thread 347 is assigned to the receiving region 344 .
  • the clamping nut 353 has a cone 356 which is congruent with the cone sections 348 and 349 .
  • For radial entrainment of the clamping nut 353 357 are provided on this key surfaces. If the clamping nut 353 is tightened with an open-ended wrench that engages in the wrench surfaces 357 , the shaft 346 of the measuring means 342 is reliably clamped without axially displacing the shaft 346 . A misalignment of the measuring device 342 is therefore excluded. Any other circularly exciting device can also be used for this purpose, as long as a central mounting and secure fixation of the base holder 341 and measuring means 342 is ensured.
  • a measuring rod 358 is received in the shaft 346 so as to be movable in a longitudinally displaceable manner and is used to transmit the displacement path of the measuring rod 358 to the measuring means 342 .
  • the measuring rod 358 is also slidably received in a guide 359a assigned to the base body 341 and by a guide 359b assigned to the measuring means 342 .
  • a guide 360 bears against the guide 359b and limits the path of the measuring rod 358 in one direction.
  • a displacement of the measuring rod 358 is transmitted in a known manner to a pointer 361 using a clockwork, which is not part of the invention, and whose position can then be read on a scale 362 of a dial 363 .
  • the scale provides information about the measuring range of a pointer revolution and a unit label 363a about the smallest possible reading accuracy.
  • the scale 362 is radially adjustable and can be locked with a clamping device 364 .
  • a connecting section 365 is provided, which has an external thread 366 and a collar surface 367 , the external thread being cut free.
  • a depression 368 with a flat depression base 369 is introduced centrally.
  • the measuring rod 358 passes through the base body 341 and has a flat surface 371 and an internal thread 372 at its distal end.
  • a slide 373 is assigned to the distal end, which has a stop surface 374 and a threaded pin 375 which is screwed to the internal thread 372 , so that the stop surface 374 rests on the flat surface 371 of the measuring rod 358 .
  • the slide 373 also has a clamping bore 376 for easier release of the slide and the measuring rod, and a plate 377 with a flat plate surface 378 at its end opposite the threaded pin 375 .
  • the stop surface 374 is radially larger than the measuring rod 358 and forms a limitation of the axial mobility of the measuring rod 358 which acts counter to the stop 360 .
  • the base body 341 has a transversely directed blind hole 379 , in which a clamping pin 380 is slidably mounted.
  • the clamping pin 380 is penetrated in a transverse bore 381 by the measuring rod 358 and has an external thread 382 and a groove 384 provided with a locking ring 383 .
  • the external thread 382 is operatively connected via an internal thread 385 to a clamping screw 386 .
  • the clamping screw 386 has a pressure surface 387 , which is supported against a corresponding contact surface 388 on the base body 341 . If the clamping screw 386 is actuated, this fixes the measuring rod 358 in the guide bore 359a .
  • the tensioning screw 386 also has a flat countersink 389 which, together with the locking ring 383, connect the tensioning screw 386 to fall unnoticed.
  • the base body 341 is surrounded by a polygonal radial groove 390 near the collar surface 367 , in which the corners 391 are rounded.
  • a shock-absorbing absorbent 392 preferably in the form of a polymer O-ring, rests in the polygon radial groove 390 .
  • the task of the absorbent 392 is to protect the collar surface 367 from damage and other shock loads when using the measuring holder 340 , especially when the base body 341 is placed alone.
  • the absorbent 392 can also be replaced by directly vulcanized material.
  • the aim should be that at least one elongate support 393 is formed, which is oriented parallel to the blind hole 379 and the base body 341 can be securely deposited.
  • the base body 341 has a centering collar 394 with a centering surface 395 in the connecting section 365 in front of the external thread 366 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a measuring holder 340 in which the measuring means 342 has a scale 362 with a measuring range of 0 to 10 grains (0 to 0.648 grams).
  • a scale 363b is assigned to the scale 362 , so that the target quantity SM can be precisely preset to 0.1 grain (0.00648 grams).
  • the axial adjustment is effected by loosening the locking device 343 , in accordance with the setting of the shaft 346 and by locking the locking device 343 .
  • FIG. 5 shows the receiving area 344 of the measuring holder 340 , the measuring means 342 with a digital display 363c combined with the pointer 361 displaying in an analog manner being arranged in the receiving bore 345 .
  • the measuring holder 340 can be connected via the connecting path 104 , as described above, to one of the measuring parts 311 or 312 shown in FIG. 6 or to a base part 313 .
  • each of the measuring parts 311 , 312 and the base part 313 has an internal thread 302 with which it can be connected to the external thread 366 of the base body 341 .
  • each measuring part 311 , 312 and the base part 313 has a flat surface 303 , which comes into operative connection with the collar surface 367 of the connecting section 365 of the base body 341 when connected to it and ensures an axially defined assignment.
  • plug-in or bayonet connections are also possible as long as a coaxial and axially fixing assignment of the measuring parts and the base part to the base body is ensured.
  • the measuring parts 311 and 312 and the base part 313 have a fitting bore 315 into which the centering collar 394 of the base body 341 with its centering surface 395 enters when connecting for radial centering.
  • Each of the measuring parts 311 , 312 and the base part 313 each have the measuring chamber 301 in a cylindrical shape.
  • the plate 377 of the measuring holder 340 is immersed in the measuring chamber 301 when the corresponding measuring body is connected to the base body 341 .
  • the measuring chamber 301 and the plate 377 can also have an arched or angular cross-sectional shape. However, consideration must be given to the radial alignment.
  • Each measuring body is also equipped with two cylindrical grooves 304 arranged opposite one another, into which a clamping tool 330 described later engages.
  • the measuring part 311 and the large measuring part 312 have an end surface 305 on the end opposite the internal thread 302 , from which an assignment collar 306 extends, to which a stop collar 307 with a stop surface 308 is assigned.
  • an annular groove 309 Immediately behind the stop surface 308 in the stop collar 307 is an annular groove 309 which is arcuate in cross-section and has a circular circumference.
  • the large measuring part 312 differs from the measuring part 311 essentially only in that a measuring cavity 325 is assigned to it above the measuring chamber 301 .
  • the base part 313 forms the starting base for a combination of the connecting pieces 410 , 420 , 430 , 440 , and 450 .
  • a female internal thread 321 which - in order to avoid confusion - is different in size from the internal thread 302 .
  • a threaded groove 322 and a flat stop surface 323 are assigned to the female internal thread 321 .
  • the base part 313 connected to the measuring holder 340 can be connected to one or more connecting pieces of the connecting piece group 400 via the connecting path 112 .
  • the large measuring part 312 is provided with a neck 324 between the internal thread 302 and the stop collar 307 , and the base part 313 between the internal thread 302 and the female thread 321 for weight reduction.
  • the measuring chamber 301 is dimensioned such that a quantity of 10.0 grain (0.648 grams) corresponds to the stroke of the measuring rod 358 , which corresponds to a full pointer revolution on the scale 362 on the measuring means 342 .
  • an effective volume 320 it means the volume which is suitable for receiving the maximum amount of substance 102 , here 10.0 grain (0.648 gram), which can be accommodated in the measuring chamber 301 .
  • the dimensioning of the measuring chamber 301 with regard to the effective volume 320 therefore depends on the respective volume-based bulk weight VG .
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional area in mm 2 to the length in mm of the cylindrical measuring chamber 301 should be in a range of approximately 1 to 2 to 5 to 2, depending on the grain size. In the case of black powder, a ratio of about 1.6 has proven to be suitable.
  • the technical length 326 of the measuring chamber 301 should be selected slightly longer, since otherwise the plate 377 emerges from the measuring chamber 301 and the substance can get into the depression 368 and lead to faults.
  • the plate 377 dips into the measuring chamber 301 . If the measuring part 311 is connected to the measuring holder 340 , the zero position of the pointer 361 - that is to say 0 volume - forms the position in which the plate surface 378 of the plate 377 is flush with the end surface 305 of the measuring part 311 . As a result, the pointer 361 on the scale 362 or the vernier 363b can easily be set to zero.
  • the axial movement of the measuring rod is limited by the 358 comes into operative connection with the planar base 369 reduction of the base body 341 stop surface 374 of the slider 373rd
  • the volume of the measuring cavity 325 of the large measuring part 312 is exactly as large as the effective volume 320 of the measuring chamber 301 and thus holds 10.0 grains (0.648 grams).
  • FIG. 6 also shows a funnel piece 580 which can be assigned to the measuring bodies 311 or 312 or the base part 313 via the connecting path 123 and the logic node i .
  • the funnel piece 580 has an external thread 581 which can be connected to the internal thread 302 of the measuring bodies.
  • the funnel piece 580 is provided with an end face 582 , from which a centering collar 583 with a centering surface 584 extends.
  • a centered collar 583 is followed by an exposed thread 581 .
  • the end face 582 is penetrated by a funnel arch 585 which merges into a funnel cone 586 and is closed off by a reinforcing collar 587 .
  • the funnel arch 585 forms an opening 588 on the end face 582 whose cross-sectional area corresponds to that of the measuring chamber 301 .
  • a contact collar 589 is assigned to the external thread 581 .
  • Each of the connecting pieces 410 , 420 , 430 , 440 and 450 has an end face 401 and an external thread 402 arranged at right angles thereto, a non-load-bearing section 403 being formed between the end face 401 and the external thread 402 .
  • an extension 404 is formed which has two grooves 304 arranged on the outside opposite one another, into which the clamping tool 330 engages. Inside the extension 404 there is an internal thread 405 provided with an undercut 408 , which has an identical pitch, nominal diameter and flank angle to the external thread 402 .
  • a contact surface 406 is also assigned to the internal thread 405 .
  • Each of the nozzles has a measuring cavity 411 , 421 , 431 , 441 , 451 in the form of a cylindrical bore, which is intended for receiving the substance 102 .
  • Each of the connecting pieces 410 , 420 , 430 , 440 , 450 can be connected to any other with its internal thread 405 via the external thread 402 .
  • the contact surface 406 comes into contact with the end surface 401 , which creates a spatially defined association of the relevant connecting pieces with one another.
  • Each of the connecting pieces 410 , 420 , 430 , 440 , 450 can be connected with its external thread 402 , but also with the female internal thread 321 of the base part 313 , the end face 401 of the base part 313 coming into contact with a flat surface 323 assigned to the female internal thread 321 and one spatial assignment causes.
  • the non-load-bearing section 403, which is arranged upstream of the external thread 402 of each connector, ensures that the connectors are securely in contact with one another or to the base part with the end faces 401 and the contact surfaces 406 .
  • FIG. 7 shows the bung 314 , which also has an end face 401 and at right angles to it an external thread 402 , to which an extension 404 connects, on which the stop collar 307 is formed with the stop surface 308 .
  • the stop collar 307 like the measuring part 311 and the large measuring part 312 , is surrounded by the circumferential annular groove 309 .
  • the bung 314 On the side opposite the external thread 402 , the bung 314 has the end face 305 and in the direction of the stop collar 307 the association collar 306 .
  • the plug 314 is also equipped with two cylindrical grooves 304 which are arranged opposite one another and into which the clamping tool 330 engages.
  • the plug 314 has a measuring cavity 310 consisting of a cylindrical section 310a and a conical section 310b .
  • the volume of the cylindrical section 310a and that of the conical section 310b each have a simple effective volume 320 , that is to say 10.0 grain (0.648 grams) in each case.
  • the measuring cavity 310 of the sheet therefore holds 20.0 grain (1,296 grams) of the substance.
  • the thread 402 is arranged at right angles to the end face 401 and the internal thread 405 is arranged at right angles to the contact surface 406 for the precise assignment of the connections to one another.
  • FIG. 7 also shows the clamping tool 330 , which is used for clamping and releasing both the measuring bodies 311 , 312 and 313 on or from the base body 341 and the bung 314 on or from the base part 313 and for clamping or releasing the connecting piece between Base part 313 and bung 314 serves.
  • the clamping tool 330 has a bore 331 which, starting from a plane surface 332, initially has a centering section 333 , the contour of which merges into a tapering arc contour 334 .
  • a polymer ring 336 rests in an outer ring groove 335 or shaped as the previously described polygon radial groove 390 with rounded corners 391 , which ensures the entrainment effect when tensioning, even with dirty hands.
  • drivers 337 are provided, which come into operative connection with the grooves 304 of the measuring part 311 , the large measuring part 312 , the base part 313 , the bung 314 or the connecting pieces 410 , 420 , 430 , 440 , 450 when the clamping tool is attached becomes.
  • the measuring means 342 enables a reading accuracy (unit imprint 363a , vernier 363b , digital display 363c ) of 0.1 grain (0.00648 grams) and shows 10.0 grain (0.648 grams) for one revolution of the pointer 361 or a stroke of the measuring rod 358 on the scale 362 or vernier 363b .
  • the effective volume 320 of the measuring chamber 301 corresponds to 10.0 grain.
  • the measuring chambers 301 of the measuring parts 311 , 312 and the base part 313 each hold an amount of the substance 102 of 10.0 grains (0.648 grams), the large measuring part 312 having a measuring cavity 325 holding 10.0 grains (0.648 grams).
  • the measuring cavity 411 of the nozzle 410 holds 10.0 grain (0.648 grams), the measuring cavity 421 of the nozzle 420 20.0 grain (1.296 grams), the measuring cavity 431 of the nozzle 430 30.0 grain (1.944 grams), the measuring cavity 441 of the nozzle 440 40.0 grain (2.592 Grams), the measuring cavity 451 of the nozzle 450 50.0 grain (3,240 grams) and the measuring cavity 310 of the bung nozzle 314 20.0 grain (1,296 grams).
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show a block diagram for the setting of a predetermined target quantity SM to be set on the dosing device 200 .
  • At least one of the measuring bodies or a combination of measuring bodies is assigned to the basic body 341 in accordance with their measuring cavity or cavities.
  • the available measuring cavities are shown in Table 1.
  • the selection of the measuring parts depending on the solids is shown in Table 2. If only 4 nozzles, i.e. 410 , 420 , 430 , 440 are used, then the solume-dependent assignment according to Table 4 results. Measuring body quantity Measuring cavity really.
  • the combinations of the nozzles can be found in Table 3. Larger nozzles than nozzle 450 with 5 times the effective volume 320 can also be used. Their cavity corresponds to a k times the integer multiple of the effective volume 320 of the measuring chamber 301 .
  • the measuring part 312 can be embodied as a one-piece module or as a spigot, or as a planing dimension, in which case the measuring cavity 325 is smaller by an effective volume 320 , namely that of the measuring chamber 301 of the measuring part 312 .
  • the cavity can also have a different capacity.
  • the decadal step size is particularly easy and safe to use. If a measuring range of 5 to 15 grain, 15 to 25 grain etc. is required, then the measuring chamber 301 is assigned a cavity 325 , which is 5.0 grain for the measuring part 311 and the base part 313 and 15.0 grain for the large measuring part 312 .
  • some examples follow to clarify the application:
  • the remaining quantity RM is set via the measuring chamber 301 by loosening the fixing device 343 and moving the measuring rod 358 with the stop 360 until the pointer 361 or the vernier 363b on the scale 362 indicates 7.0 grain. Then the measuring rod 358 is fixed again with the fixing device 343 by turning the clamping screw 386 .
  • the sol quantity SM is now greater than the capacity of the measuring parts 311 or 312 .
  • FIG. 9 show block still images for determining the combination of the measuring bodies as a function of the partial quantity TM and the remaining quantity RM . If the maximum detectable quantity is exceeded or if SM ⁇ 0.0, an error message is issued.
  • SPK bung socket cavity 310
  • NMAX number of supports
  • NMAX vector STUKAP
  • these are the sockets 450 , 430 .
  • the bung 314 is released from the base part 313 with the clamping tool 330 and is connected at the logic node ii of the supports 450 to the base part 313 , to which the supports 450 and this is connected via the connecting path 120 of the supports 420 , and to which the bung 314 is assigned.
  • the remaining amount RM of 6.5 grain has to be set on the measuring chamber 301 .
  • the figures 10 to 12 show further examples of the metering unit 300 provided with supports.
  • 10 shows a measuring holder 340 , to which a base part 313 is assigned.
  • the base part 313 in turn is associated with the supports 440 , this one of the supports 420 , and this in turn the supports 410 , and the latter the bung 314 via threads 321 , 402 and 405 , respectively.
  • the measurement cavities therefore add up to a partial quantity TM, assigned via the nozzle group 400 and the bung 314 , as follows:
  • the measuring means 342 is mounted in the base body 341 of the measuring holder 340 by means of the clamping nut 353 and the scale 362 is adjusted in a zero position with the clamping device 364 as described for the measuring chamber 301 .
  • the measuring rod 358 is pulled down at its stop 360 in the guide 359b .
  • the slide 373 which is attached to the measuring rod 358 and is longitudinally displaceable in the measuring chamber 301, projects correspondingly far into the measuring chamber 301 .
  • the residual quantity RM in the measuring chamber 301 is set to 6.5 grain by means of the pointer 361 via the slide 373 with the plate surface 378 .
  • the volume of the measuring chamber 301 is accordingly so large that it holds a residual amount RM of the substance 102 , which corresponds to 6.5 grain.
  • the metering unit 300 is consequently dimensioned as a solute quantity SM of a quantity 103 of the substance 102 to be portioned out of a total of 96.5 grain (6,253 grams).
  • the determination of the partial quantity TM to be set via the nozzle group 400 is determined in that the numerical value of the target quantity SM is filled with 0 according to (2) according to the measuring range of the measuring device 342 on the unit position and the decimal place.
  • the value in question is 120 grains. It is therefore only necessary to supplement the quantity of 70 grain already set with the nozzle by another 30 grain with the nozzle 430 to 100 grain.
  • the connector 430 is arranged between the connectors 420 and 440 via the threads 402 and 405 , so that the end faces 401 each fix the connectors spatially to one another with the contact surfaces 406 .
  • the clamping tool 330 described above is helpful when it is inserted with its drivers 337 into the grooves 304 of the nozzle group 400 or the measuring parts 311 and 312 .
  • the step-by-step arrangement of the nozzles compensates for manufacturing tolerances, since the increasing lengths of the nozzles can nevertheless be kept relatively precisely, and so the overall tolerance of the quantity 103 to be dimensioned must be strictly observed. If normal demands are placed on the accuracy according to the unit imprint 363a , a mixed arrangement is justifiable.
  • the measuring chamber 301 is set to the residual quantity RM of 8.3 grains and the dosing unit 300 is thus prepared for further use with the container 200 for the measurement of a target quantity SM of 128.3 grains and is gently applied to one via the absorbent 392 Can be laid down on a table or the like.
  • FIG. 13 shows the container 200 of the arrangement 100 with a closure 500 in a closed position 130 .
  • a head part 250 which has a hollow inner region 252 and which closes the container 200 to a removal side 205 , is fastened to a transparent container body 201 .
  • the head part 250 has a receptacle 251 to which a closure 500 is attached.
  • the closure 500 can be actuated by an actuating means 502 , as a result of which a closure piece 504 can be pivoted.
  • the closure piece 504 is shown in a closed position 130 , in which it prevents the substance 102 from escaping from the inner region 252 .
  • a funnel-shaped section 271 merges into a convex conical arch 272 , which merges into an opening 273 .
  • the opening 273 is penetrated by an internal thread 274 into which the funnel piece 580 can be screwed.
  • a flat surface 275 is assigned to the internal thread 274 , on which the contact collar 589 of the funnel piece 580 bears in the fastened state.
  • An external thread 276 is assigned to the flat surface 275 , with which a cover 280 is in engagement with its internal thread 281 .
  • the base part 270 has a groove 277 .
  • a groove 283 with a radial cross section, in which an elastic sealant 284 in the form of an O-ring is embedded.
  • the sealant 284 lies against the flat surface 275 in a sealing manner.
  • a small ventilation hole 285 is arranged centrally, which is smaller than the smallest grain size of the substance 102 that occurs .
  • the lid 280 has a circumferential groove 286 on the outside with a radial cross section, in which at least one driver in the form of an O-ring 287 rests with slight prestress as a screwing aid.
  • This screwing aid can also be designed as a tape, vulcanized or glued on.
  • the container body 201 consists of polycarbonate (PC), impact-resistant safety glass or the like, each with a customary antistatic application.
  • the head part 250 and bottom part 270 are preferably made of metal, or of an impact-resistant plastic, the design of the sides facing the container body 201 being identical.
  • the parts are connected to each other using a structural adhesive. For this reason, an adhesive connection 202 of a component 250 , 270 to another component 201 is generally referred to below.
  • One component 250 , 270 each has, along a circumferential edge 261 and 278, one half of an inwardly directed convex circle segment 262 and 279 of a secant half length L with a radius 266 .
  • the other component 201 each has a half of a concave circular segment 204 along a circumferential edge 203 (end faces) of a secant half length L , the two circular segments 204 , 262 and 279 having a congruent shape.
  • the circle segments 204 , 262 and 279 have surface normals 263 which each intersect at an intersection and form the geometric center 265 of the circle segments 204 , 262 and 279 .
  • the circular segments 204 , 262 and 279 run in at the circumferential edge 203 of the other component 201 at right angles to the latter over a sector half angle beta .
  • the head part is shown with a bead 267 and in the right half with a flat transition 268 from the container body 201 to the bottom part 270 .
  • the bead 267 offers increased protection of the adhesive connection.
  • 15 shows an embodiment of the adhesive connection 202 with a connecting member in the form of a circular segment ring 950 .
  • the components 250 , 201 and 270 each have halves of the concave circular segment 204 , 264 facing each other along a circumferential edge 203 (end faces), each with a secant half length L , which together form a radially circumferential groove 903 with the cross section of a symmetrical-convex circular segment 904 .
  • the circle segments 204 , 264 each have surface normals 263 which intersect at an intersection 265 and form the geometric center point of the circle segments.
  • the surface normals 263 are each perpendicular to the circular tangent 914 of the circular segments.
  • the concave circular segments 204 , 264 each run in at right angles on the circumferential edge 203 , and each follow an angular section beta with a radius 266 up to an edge 951a or 951b . This creates a secant half length L , which extends from the peripheral edge 203 to the edge 951a , and from the edge 208 to the edge 951b .
  • the two concave circular segments 204 , 264 form the radially circumferential groove 903 .
  • the circular segment ring 950 Arranged in the groove 903 is the circular segment ring 950 , which extends over a central angle 907 of 2 * beta from the edge 951a to the edge 951b and has a circular segment 952 which is congruent to the circular segments 204 , 264 .
  • the circular segment ring 950 is formed in an endless ring shape and glued in the groove 903 with a structural adhesive to the concave circular segments 204 , 264 of the components 250 , 270 .
  • the adhesive connection designed in the form of a segment of a circle surprisingly increases the resilience of the adhesive connection by a largely constant flow of force from one component to the other. It is also protected from impact.
  • spherical graphite or other electrically conductive materials can be added to the structural adhesive without the strength of the adhesive connection suffering appreciably.
  • the head part 250 , the container body 201 and the bottom part 270 can, as will be shown, also be designed as a one-piece body. 16 to 19 show the container 200 with the lid 280 and the closure 500 in different views.
  • Fig. 20 the closure 500 is shown in cross-section, the section line XXII of Fig. 20, the partially broken away view of Figure shows. 22,. 20 , lying surfaces 290 on the head part 250 can be seen . They prevent the container 200, which has been placed on a table surface or the like, from accidentally rolling away for the purpose of accident prevention.
  • the closure 500 is designed as a closure cap 501 , which encompasses the receptacle 251 of the head part 250 of the container 200 and can be fastened by means of a fastening means in the form of a grub screw 507 which engages in a countersink 506 .
  • the closure cap 501 is penetrated by a closure piece pin 509 which is pivotably mounted in a bearing bore 508 and which is part of a closure piece 504 or is firmly connected to it.
  • the closure pin 509 penetrates a radial stop 510 outside the inner region 252 .
  • the radial stop has a spring seat 511 , on which a spring member in the form of a torsion spring 512 sits, which on the other hand is limited by the actuating means 502 .
  • the actuating means 502 is in a form-fitting connection via a connecting means in the form of a connecting pin 513 with the locking piece pin 509 and the radial stop 510 .
  • the torsion spring 512 has a driver pin 514 , which rests in a driver bore 515 of the actuating means 502 .
  • a reversing lip 521 runs around the closure piece 504 and serves to seal the inner region 252 .
  • the sweeping lip 521 merges into a sweeping bevel 543 in the direction of the side facing the inner region 252 .
  • the closure 500 can also be connected to the closure cap 501 with a conventional powder bottle.
  • the torsion spring 512 as shown in FIGS. 20 , 21 , 22 and 25 show, on the side facing the spring seat 511, a spring eye 516 which partially encompasses a spring pin 517 which is fixedly connected to the closure cap 501 and thus holds the torsion spring 512 in pretension.
  • the radial stop 510 has a stop 518 and an end stop 519 . The stop 518 bears against the spring pin 517 , the closure piece 504 resting in a position which prevents the substance 102 from escaping, which is referred to below as the closed position 130 .
  • the closure cap 501 is provided with an axially and radially acting allocation means 522 .
  • the allocation means forms a centering body 523 with a connecting means in the form of an external thread 524 , which engages in an internal thread 525 penetrating the closure cap 501 .
  • the centering body 523 has a collar 526 , which is used to bear against the closure cap 501 and defines an axial association with the closure piece 504 .
  • the centering body 523 is penetrated by a through opening 527 .
  • the centering body 523 On the side opposite the external thread 524 , the centering body 523 has a longitudinal stop 542 on the end face and a recessed guide surface 528 on the outside, as can be seen from FIG. 21 .
  • the centering body 523 is surrounded by a compression spring 531 which is operatively connected to a locking means 532 .
  • the collar 526 is provided with a radial guide surface 529 , this guide surface 529 being interrupted by a plurality of key surfaces 530 arranged symmetrically to one another. These are used to hold a common assembly tool in the form of a flat mouse key.
  • the locking means 532 as shown in FIGS . 20 , 21 , 22 , 28 and 29 , a first inner bearing surface 533 on the recessed guide surface 528 of the centering body 523 and also a second inner bearing surface 534 on the further guide surface 529 ( FIG. 23 ) of the centering body 523 is in operative connection, so that the locking means 532 against the pressure of the compression spring 531 is guided axially without jamming.
  • the locking means 532 has a locking collar 535 and a locking surface 536 at right angles thereto.
  • the locking collar 535 is delimited on the outside by a pressure surface 541 , the radial extent of the pressure surface 541 not being greater than that of the second inner bearing surface 543, which causes the locking means 532 to be guided without canting.
  • the locking means 532 is pretensioned by the compression spring 531 with the locking surface 536 on a stop surface 537 of a locking means locking means 538 , which partially radially surrounds the actuating means 502 .
  • a radial recess 540 is arranged on the actuating means 502 in such a way that the locking collar 535 of the locking means 532 engages in it in the closed position 130 , as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 21 and 22 .
  • the closure is blocked by the actuating means 502 and cannot be released without the metering unit, as will be described below. As shown in FIG.
  • the locking means catch 538 is immediately adjacent to a holding means 539 in the form of a convex locking member 539a, the holding means 539 being arranged radially on the actuating means and this being radial, at least over one of the stops 518 to the end stop 519 extends pivoting area 544 surrounds.
  • the head part 250 has, on the side facing the container body 201, a tapering section 253 with a substantially frustoconical shape, the angle of inclination (alpha) of which is between approximately 25 ° and 75 °.
  • the relevant angle (alpha) essentially depends on the properties of the substance and can be easily determined by experiment. A range of approximately 35 ° to 60 ° is particularly suitable for globular substances 102 .
  • such a design unexpectedly produces a largely uniform filling pressure 254 that is independent of the degree of filling of the container 200 .
  • An inwardly directed, dome-shaped, transverse force field 255 is formed in the tapering section 253 , which exerts a compensating throttling action on the filling pressure 254 acting in the area of the closure piece 504 when the container 200 with the closure 500 is directed downward.
  • the shear force field causes clumps to be broken open due to the shear forces acting shear.
  • the throttling effect is high.
  • the throttling effect is reduced in accordance with a removal of substance 102 , but the filling pressure 254 acting on the closure piece 504 remains largely the same.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening 256 to the outlet opening 257 of the tapered section 253 is less than 50 to 1, since otherwise the transverse force field 255 will increasingly hinder the flow of the substance into the container 200 .
  • the ability to break up clumps generally decreases considerably with an increasing ratio. Since the specific behavior depends on the special properties of substance 102 , the ratio given is only to be regarded as a guideline.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening 256 to the outlet opening 257 for black powder is between approximately 1.4 and 40 depending on the grain size.
  • a section with a constant cross-section 258 adjoins the outlet opening 257 of the section 253 , which section finally merges into a widening section 259 in the direction of the closure piece 504 .
  • the dimensioning of the extent of the inner region 252 depends on the maximum amount 103 that can be removed with the dosing unit 200 and on the flow properties of the substance. The starting value for experiments is approximately one and a half to two times the amount 103 to be withdrawn.
  • the assignment of the dosing unit 300 to the partially illustrated container 200 at the logic node iv is shown in FIG. 25 .
  • the container 200 is arranged with its closure 500 located in the closed position 130 downward.
  • the locking means 532 is locked with the locking collar 535 in the recess 540 , the actuating means 502 and the opening 527 are still closed by the closure piece 504 .
  • the dosing unit 300 shown consists of the measuring holder 340 to which the measuring part 311 is assigned.
  • the measuring chamber 301 is set via the slide 373 with the measuring rod 358 and the pointer 361 on the scale 362 to a target quantity SM of 5.5 grains (0.3564 grams).
  • the measuring rod 358 is fixed in the base body 341 by means of the locking device 343 .
  • the metering unit 300 is brought with the assignment collar 306 in the vicinity of the opening 527 of the assignment means 522 .
  • FIG. 26 shows the container 200 with the closure 500 and the dosing unit 300 fully inserted into the opening 527 with the association collar 306 .
  • the stop surface 308 first comes into operative connection with the pressure surface 541 , as a result of which the locking means 532 is axially displaced against the pressure of the compression spring 531 until the stop surface 308 comes into contact with the longitudinal stop 542 and a filling layer 131 is reached.
  • the closure piece 504 is not yet open. Only after the filling layer 131 has been reached is the locking collar 535 completely moved out of the radial recess 540 and the actuating means 502 can be actuated.
  • both the radial stop 510 and the locking piece pin 509 are pivoted via the connecting pin 513 , and with this the locking piece 504 is pivoted and the opening 527 is opened .
  • the holding means 539 takes effect immediately by the convex locking member 539a swiveling into the circumferential annular groove 309 of the measuring part 311 and engaging in this in a form-fitting manner.
  • the actuating means 502 is pivoted further up to the end stop 518 .
  • the movement limited at the end stop 519 forms the position hereinafter referred to as the open position 132 , in which the closure piece 504 opens the opening 527 and thus the access to the measuring chamber 301 .
  • FIG. 28 the closure 500 is shown in a partially broken out view and in FIG. 29 in cross section with the dosing unit 300 inserted in the open position 132 just described.
  • the actuating means 502 is pressed into the open position 132 , the locking pin 509 , the radial stop 510 and the locking piece 504 being pivoted until the end stop 519 strikes the spring pin 517 .
  • the holding means 539 depending on the modular construction of the metering unit 300, enters the annular groove 309 of the measuring part 311 , the large measuring part 312 or the bung 314 .
  • the opening 527 of the allocation means 522 is then opened by the pivoted closure piece 504 .
  • the substance 102 enters the measuring chamber 301 and forms the amount 103 to be portioned, the end surface 305 being flush with the closure piece 504 .
  • the stop surface 308 has moved the locking means 532 in the direction of the locking piece 504 when the dosing unit 300 was inserted into the allocation means 522 of the lock 500, the locking collar 535 of the locking means 532 being pushed out of the radial recess 540 and the locking surface 536 by the stop surface 537 lifts off.
  • the design of the sweeping lip 521 can also be clearly seen, which ends in the sweeping chamfer 543 in the region of the section swept over the opening 527 on the side facing the inner region 252 .
  • the end surface 305 includes at the level of the locking piece 504 is flush so that the sweeping lip 521 bounded the measuring chamber 301 during the return pivoting of the closing piece 504 from the open position 132 to the closed position 130th
  • the dosing unit 300 remains connected to the closure 500 until the actuating means 502 has been completely released and has been brought back into the closed position 130 against the stop by the torsion spring 512 .
  • the substance 102 in the container 200 is about to run out.
  • the transverse force field 255 breaks in due to the flowing away substance 102 , and on the other hand this state can be easily observed through the transparent container body 201 , so that refilling can be carried out in good time.
  • 31 and 32 each show one of the dosing units 300 after filling with a quantity 103 of the substance 102 .
  • the measuring holder 340 is assigned the connector 430 with the 30.0 grain measuring cavity 431, and this is associated with the bung 314 with the 20.0 grain cavity 310 consisting of the two partial cavities, cylindrical section 310a and conical section 310b .
  • the measuring means 342 uses the pointer 361 on the scale 362 to display 1.5 grains (0.097 grams) as the remaining quantity RM for the measuring chamber 301 . This results in a set portioned quantity 103 of a total of 51.5 grain (3,337 grams).
  • the large measuring part 312 with the 10.0 grain measuring cavity 325 is assigned to the measuring holder 340 .
  • the measuring means 342 indicates by means of the pointer 361 on the scale 362 0.0 grain (0 gram).
  • the measuring chamber 301 is therefore completely closed by the slide 373 .
  • the dosing unit is accordingly prepared to hold a quantity 103 of 10.0 grain (0.648 grams) to be portioned.
  • a quantity range of 0 to 10 grains can be set with a plate accuracy 378 in the measuring chamber with a relative accuracy of 0.1 grain.
  • FIG. 34 shows the process of filling the container 200 by means of the funnel piece 580 from a storage container 210 shown in broken lines.
  • the funnel piece 580 is screwed into the inner thread 274 of the bottom part 270 after removal of the cover 280 from the bottom part 270 with the external thread 581 .
  • the system collar 589 in this case comes into firm operative connection with the flat surface 275 .
  • the container 200 can be gripped with one hand and the storage container 210 can be handled with the other hand.
  • the fill level can be easily tracked through the transparent container body 201 . With careful handling, no bulk material 102 can be accidentally spilled when filling the container 200 .
  • the emptying of the container 200 is shown in FIG. 35 .
  • the funnel piece 580 is connected with its external thread 581 to the thread 302 of the large measuring part 312 to form a funnel 599 , which is easily held on the neck 324 or can be suspended in an opening 211 of the storage container 210 shown in broken lines.
  • the centering collar 583 engages in the fitting bore 315 and enters with it, both parts centering and fixing operative connection.
  • the lid 280 is removed from the bottom part 270 .
  • the container can be gripped with one hand and the funnel 599 with the other hand and inserted into the opening 211 of the storage container 210 standing upright on a support.
  • the container 200 is placed with the throat 277 on the reinforcing collar 587 and pivoted in the direction of the arrow 212 , the remaining substance 102 via the funnel-shaped section 271 of the base part 270 through the opening 273 into the funnel piece 580 and further via the measuring chamber 301 and Cavity 325 flows back into the reservoir 210 .
  • FIG. 36 shows the use of the clamping tool 330 in connection with the large measuring part 312 connected to the funnel piece 580 .
  • the clamping tool 330 engages in the grooves 304 with its drivers 337 . Further, the cutting tool is aligned over the passing with the assignment collar 306 in operative connection tapered arc contour 334 axially, wherein the assignment collar 306 is protected due to the arcuate contour 334 from damage.
  • this embodiment of the clamping tool 330 has a vulcanized polymer strip 338 for secure force transmission for releasing the connection between the measuring part 312 and the funnel piece 580 .
  • the funnel piece 580 is gripped with its reinforcing collar 597 with one hand and the tensioning tool 330 on the polymer strip 338 with the other hand and the connection is released or closed in a rotating manner.
  • the figures 37 to 51 show various embodiments of a closure body 550 , which is provided with a connecting thread 551 .
  • the closure body With the connecting thread 551 , the closure body can be connected to a known container in the form of a powder bottle, a powder horn or the like.
  • the connecting thread 551 is assigned a channel 552 , which is closed by a closing slide 553, which is displaceably guided in the closing body 550 transversely to the channel 552 .
  • the locking slide has on the one hand a stop 518 and on the other hand an actuating means 502 in the form of a push button 554 .
  • a spring member 512 in the form of a compression spring 555 is arranged between the actuating means 502 and the closure body 550 .
  • the passage 552 is assigned a passage opening 556 which is arranged in the closure slide 553 , as shown in FIG. 37 .
  • the closure body 550 On the side opposite the connecting thread 551 , the closure body 550 has an allocation means 522 in the form of a centering bore 557 aligned with the channel 552 for receiving a hollow dimension 570 with an adjustable measuring chamber 301 .
  • the substance 102 reaches the measuring chamber 301 via the channel 552 and the passage opening 556 .
  • a holding means 539 in the form of a finger 558 is provided, which on the one hand is operatively connected to the actuating means 502 and on the other hand is displaceable in a guide bore 559 in the closure body 550 parallel to the closure slide 553 together with the latter.
  • the guide bore 559 opens transversely into the centering bore 557 , which, viewed in cross section, protrudes only approximately halfway into the centering bore 557 .
  • the other half forms a support shoulder 560 in the guide bore 559 , in which the finger 558 engages when the push button 554 is pressed.
  • the finger 558 has a compensating bearing 561 arranged in the push button 554 for compensating tolerances in order to prevent jamming.
  • the finger 558 is supported on the carrying shoulder 560 and prevents the hollow dimension 570 from being removed as long as the substance 102 reaches the measuring chamber 301 via the channel 552 and the passage opening 556 , that is to say the closure slide 553 is in the open position 132 .
  • FIG. 40 shows it immediately before entering the annular groove 309 and
  • FIG. 41 shows the finger 558 that has entered the annular groove 309 .
  • FIGS. 42 to 48 show a further exemplary embodiment with the locking means 532 , with FIGS. 42 , 43 and 46 relating to the closed position 130 .
  • the locking means is locked with the locking collar 535 in the radial recess 540 of the locking slide 553 , the pressure surface 541 protruding from the locking body 550 .
  • the locking slide 553 has a locking groove 564 and the holding means 539 , adjacent to the locking collar 535 , has a locking means neck 565 .
  • the locking means 532 is guided axially displaceably in a guide bore 563 and, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 43 , is pressurized by the compression spring 531 .
  • the compression spring 531 is centered with the compression spring guide in the form of a pin 531a , in order not to damage the guide bore 563 and, above all, not to impair the function of the locking slide , for example by snagging.
  • a holding pin guide 567 is provided in the closure body 550 , in which a holding pin 568 is guided.
  • the holding pin 568 is held in a transverse bore 569 and has the stop surface 537 on the side sliding in the holding pin guide 567 .
  • the holding pin guide 567 in the form of a small longitudinal groove, has the latching surface 536 at the lower end.
  • the holding pin 568 holds the locking means 532 , so that the locking collar 535 rests locked in the recess 540 in the closed position 130 , as can be seen in cross section, in particular from FIG. 43 .
  • the guide bore 563 of the locking means 532 is oriented parallel to the centering bore 557 .
  • the hollow dimension 570 has a stop collar 307 in the form of a circular collar 571 , to which the stop surface 308 is assigned. If the hollow dimension 570 with the assignment collar 306 is inserted into the center bore 557 , the stop surface 308 comes into contact with the pressure surface 541 , the locking collar 535 remaining locked in the recess 540 .
  • the blocking means 532 is shown broken out in the area of the locking slide 553 in FIG. 43 .
  • the locking collar 535 is pushed out of the recess 540 and thus the locking is released.
  • the locking collar 535 enters the locking groove 564 and, on the other hand, the locking center neck 565 enters the recess 540 and the filling layer 131 is reached, in which the end face 305 is brought directly up to the locking slide 553 .
  • the push button 554 can then be actuated and the locking slide 553 can be moved into the open position 132 .
  • the measuring chamber 301 of the hollow dimension 570 can then be filled via the channel 552 and the through bore 556 .
  • the slide valve 553 is released, it is transferred to the closed position 130 with the pressure of the compression spring 555 . If the stop 518 lies against the closure body 550 , the recess 540 is again axial to the guide bore 563 . If the hollow dimension 570 is removed, the locking collar 535 of the locking means 532 locks again under the influence of the compression spring 531 in the recess 540 and the closure piece is protected against unintentional opening.
  • the figures 49 to 51 show a last exemplary embodiment of the closure, which has both the locking means 532 and the holding means 539 in the closure body 550 , as in each case in FIGS. 37 to 48 .
  • the closure body 550 is connected to a powder bottle or the like, not shown, with the connecting thread 551 .
  • the hollow dimension 570 is pushed into the centering bore 557 from below until the stop surface 308 rests on the longitudinal stop 542 .
  • the locking means 532 is taken along via the pressure surface 541 and the locking collar 535 is moved out of the recess 540 , as described above for example 2.
  • FIG.52 an embodiment of the container 200 is shown, in which the head part is executed 250 over the container body 201 to the bottom portion 270 as an integral one-piece component, wherein on the removal side 205 opposite side in the bottom portion 270 of the funnel-shaped portion 271 in the Opening 273 merges, which can be closed by means of cover 280 .
  • the thread 274 is arranged, into which the funnel piece 270 is 580 after releasing the lid from the thread 276 of the bottom portion screwed to be able to fill and to rapidly secure the container with bulk material, as to FIGS. 13 and 35 .
  • FIG. 53 shows a further embodiment of the container 200 with a cylindrical container body 201 which has a flat base part 270 and a head part 250 with the internal thread 525 .
  • the head part 250 has toward the removal side 205 the tapering section 253 with the inlet cross section 256 and the outlet cross section 257 , to which the section with constant cross section 258 and to this the widening section 259 is connected.
  • a one-piece module 53 of the dosing unit 300 in the form of a hollow measurement is shown in Fig. 570, the cavity 325 is an integer multiple of the adjustable on the vernier scale 363b amount of max. 10 grain of the measuring chamber 301 , as described above for the nozzle group 400 (page 36).
  • the container 200 shows a further embodiment of the container 200 , in which the head part 250 , the container body 201 and the bottom part 270 are designed as integral, one-piece grains.
  • the head part 250 has the section 271 tapering towards the intake side 205 , as already shown in FIGS. 13 and 53 is described in detail.
  • the bottom part 270 also has the funnel-shaped section and the internal thread 274 in which the cover 280 is screwed.
  • the funnel piece 580 can be assigned to the internal thread 274 for easy filling, so that the closure body 550 does not have to be removed for this.
  • the one-piece, integral grains can easily be produced in large numbers by injection molding.
  • the measuring cavity 325 holds an integer k times the effective volume WV, k taking values from 0 to n corresponding to the desired measuring range.
  • the container 200 or powder bottle should preferably be placed vertically to take advantage of gravity.
  • part of the arrangement 100 is a clamp holder 600 with which the container 200 , the closure cap 501 of the closure 500 or the closure body 550 , hereinafter referred to collectively as object 601 , is tensioned.
  • the clamp holder 600 can be connected to a holding device 700 and can be quickly attached to a table or the like with a clamping device 730 in order to ensure the vertical position of the container 200 .
  • the clamp holder 600 shown in FIGS . 57 to 70 has a holding body 602 for receiving the object 601 with two arms 603 , 604 arranged opposite one another, which separates a slot 605 from one another and which leave a free space 606 open relative to the slot 605 .
  • One arm 603 has a contour running in a continuous arc 607 on the outside, and on the inside a thickening 603 which extends from the slot 605 to the other arm 604 in the form of a segment of a circle and has a transverse bore 609 penetrating it.
  • the other arm 604 initially merges into a saddle 610 , which is followed by a largely rigid bridge 611 .
  • the slot 605 follows the thickening 608 and runs in an arc shape up to an end arch 612 , to which an integral spring element 613 connects, which is integrally connected to one another by the two arms 603 , 604 .
  • the saddle 610 has a through hole 614 opposite the transverse bore 609 , which likewise penetrates the thickening 608 into the transverse bore 609 .
  • a clamping means in the form of a clamping screw 615 passes through the through hole 614 with an external thread 616 .
  • a compensating means 617 in the form of a lock nut 618 is pivotably received in the transverse bore 609 .
  • the cylindrical lock nut 618 is penetrated by an internal thread 619 , into which the external thread 616 of the clamping screw 615 engages.
  • the continuously running arc 607 merges into a clamping ring 621 , which surrounds a clamping bore 620 in the form of a clamp and has at its end 622 a further saddle 623 which is penetrated by a further transverse bore 624 .
  • the rigid bridge 611 runs in the direction of the further saddle 623 in an arc into a further thickening 625 , which is penetrated by a slot 626 opening into the tensioning bore 620 .
  • an internal thread 627 is provided, into which a clamping means 628 in the form of a clamping screw 629 engages with an external thread 630 and forms a fixing means 631 for fixing the clamp holder 600 to the holder 700 or another cylindrical part.
  • the clamping screws 615 and 629 have the same shape and each have a raised spherical surface 632, 633 , each of which comes into operative connection with a hollow spherical surface 634 on one saddle 610 and a hollow spherical surface 635 on the other saddle 623 when the screwing in Clamping screw 615, the two arms 603 , 604 are clamped to one another or the clamping screw 629 clamps the clamping ring 621 .
  • the two spherical surfaces 633 and 635 of the fixing means 631 form a geometrically acting compensating means 636 which compensates for the change in shape during tensioning.
  • the spherical surfaces 633 and 635 are sufficient for geometrical compensation, since the relative movements are small.
  • the pivotable lock nut 618 and the spherical surfaces 632 , 634 act together as a geometric compensating means 636 .
  • Each of the arms 603 , 604 has a largely rigid contact area 641 , 642 on the inside, to which a clamping sector 643 , 644 at the distal end of each arm is assigned. Between the contact area 641 , 642 and the span sector 643 , 644 , a non-exciting area 645 , 646 is provided, each of which forms an integral spring element 647 , 648 , via which the contact areas 641 , 642 and tensioning sectors 643 , 644 are each in active material connection .
  • Fig. 60 is the geometrical assignment of the sector angle gamma 1 to 8 of the clamping sectors 643, 644; the spring members 647 , 648 and the contact areas 641 , 642 of the free space 645 and the slot 605 are shown. It is assumed that the object 501 , 601 to be tensioned has a circular cross section (radius 692 ). Starting from a common center point, 650 radii 651 and 652 are assigned to the arms 603 , 604 . At a horizontal distance 653 , a further center point 660 is provided on a symmetry line 654 , to which radii 661 and 662 are assigned.
  • the center 660 is in each case vertically symmetrical, perpendicular to the line of symmetry 654 , at a vertical distance 663 adjacent to a center 665 and 666 , each of which is assigned a radius 667 and 668 .
  • the center points 665 and 666 are each symmetrically adjacent to further center points 671 and 672 in the direction of the center points 650 , which form a vertical distance 673 from one another, which is directed parallel to the vertical distance 663 .
  • a radius 675 and 676 is assigned to the center points 671 , 672 .
  • the sector angles gamma assigned to the radii are listed in Table 5.
  • Table 6 shows the radii and Table 7 the distances in relation to half the diameter 692 of the object 501 , 601 to be clamped as 100%.
  • Table 8 shows the dimensions of the angles in °. Focus radius angle Investment area 641 671 675 gamma1 Spring link 647 660 661 gamma2 Clamping sector 643 665 667 gamma3 free space 645 --- --- gamma4 Clamping sector 644 666 668 gamma5 Spring link 648 660 662 gamma6 Investment area 642 672 676 gamma7 slot 605 --- --- gamma8 radius 651 675 661 667 668 662 676 652 [%] 120 98.5 109 98.5 98.5 109 98.5 120 distance 653 663 669 673 [%] 8.9 5 1.75 3.6 Angle gamma 1 2nd 3rd 4th 5 6 7 8th [%] 48 43 47 80 47 43 48 4th
  • the purpose of this assignment is to securely clamp the object 501 , 601 by means of a self-centering four-point system 690, which is strengthened during tensioning and develops between the arms, as shown in FIGS. 62 and 63 show.
  • the object 601 is inserted vertically between the arms 603 , 604 .
  • a narrow, comma-shaped gap 681 and 682 can be clearly seen in FIG. 62 , which is largest in the area of the two integral spring members 647 and 648 .
  • FIG. 67 shows a section of the clamp holder in the relaxed starting position 685 and in FIG. 69 the section in the tensioned position 686 , wherein the spring element 613 is visible, which under load, like a cantilever arm, essentially has a static pivot point under a constant curvature 687 avoids.
  • the gill holder can easily be largely produced in one operation as an intermediate product from a flat semi-finished plate, in particular made of light metal, by means of contour cutting, the contours of the arms 603 , 604 , the contact areas 641 , 642 , the spring elements 647 , 648 , the free spaces 645 , 646 then Clamping sectors 643 , 644 , the slot 605 , the thickenings 608 , 625 , the end curve 612 , the spring element 613 , the continuous curve 607 , the saddles 610 , 623 , the clamping ring 621 are largely carried out in one operation.
  • the slots 605 and 626 as well as the bores 609 and 620 can also be included in one operation of the contour cut.
  • the holding device 700 has a yoke 710 , on which the clamp holder 600 described above can be combined via the fixing means 631 .
  • a geometrically acting clamping device 730 and a block jaw 770 opposite it can be fixed in place on the yoke 710 .
  • the holding device 700 can be fastened to a table 701 , a plate, a workbench or the like with an upper surface 702 and a lower surface 703 without damaging the substantially flat surfaces 702 , 703 or leaving any impressions there.
  • the clamping device and the block jaws can be arranged both with the clamping device upwards and downwards and in each case opposite the block jaws. Accordingly, the holding device 700 is always optimally usable according to the circumstances.
  • the yoke 710 is shown in a partially broken-out representation, which is formed from a tubular body 711 with a cylindrical circumference.
  • a parallel key 713 is arranged in a longitudinal groove 712 that is parallel to the yoke 710 and extends over a little more than half the length of the yoke 710 . This is followed by a cylindrical region 714 .
  • the feather key 713 has a plurality of bores 715 which are provided with counterbores 716 .
  • the yoke 710 has internal threads 717 at the locations of the bores 715 .
  • the feather key 713 is fastened in the longitudinal groove 712 by means of countersunk screws 718 engaging in the internal thread 717 .
  • the yoke 710 has a longitudinal bore 719 which completely passes through the yoke 710 , the eccentricity 720 being arranged such that a greater material thickness remains on the side of the longitudinal groove 712 than on that of the longitudinal groove 712 opposite side.
  • 74 shows a further alternative of a yoke 710 .
  • the longitudinal bore 719 is arranged coaxially. Instead of the internal thread 717 , a plurality of through holes 721 are provided which pass through the countersunk screws 718 . Nuts 722 are accommodated in the longitudinal bore 719 , each having an internal thread 723 and a radial contact surface 724 , which comes into operative connection with the longitudinal bore 719 when the countersunk screws 718 are tightened.
  • the tensioning device 730 is shown in FIGS. 75 to 77 are shown.
  • a clamping jaw 731 has a clamping bore 732 , which is surrounded by a clamping ring 733, which surrounds the yoke 710 circumferentially.
  • a groove 734 is arranged in the tensioning bore 732 and is in operative connection with the feather key 713 .
  • the clamping jaw 731 also has a clamping element 735 in the form of a clamping screw 736 , which is pivoted through 45 ° with respect to the groove 734 , the clamping element 735 passing through a saddle 737 of the clamping jaw 731 in a bore 738 on the one hand and with an external thread 739 in on the other an internal thread 740 engages.
  • the saddle 737 has a slot 741 extending into the clamping bore 732 between the bore 738 and the internal thread 740 .
  • a raised spherical surface 742a is arranged on the tensioning screw 736 coaxially with the external thread 739 .
  • FIG. 77 in which the clamping device 730 is shown in a clamping position 766 .
  • a hollow spherical surface 742b is arranged coaxially to the internal thread 740 , which enters into a compensating, transverse force-avoiding operative connection with the raised spherical surface 742a when the tendon 735 is actuated.
  • the clamping jaw 731 On the side opposite the clamping ring 733 , the clamping jaw 731 has two webs 743a , 743b , each facing a cheek 744a , 744b and forming a slot 745 .
  • the webs 743a , 743b are each penetrated transversely by a bore 746 in which a bolt 747 is arranged.
  • a boundary surface 748 is located between the two webs 743a , 743b .
  • the bolt 747 is secured by means of grub screws 749a , 749b and, for this purpose, has a pointed or round recess 750a , 750b corresponding to the head shape of the grub screws , into which the grub screws 749a , 749b engage.
  • a clamping foot 751 has two flaps 752a, 752b, which centrally forms a clamping slot 753 with a pressure surface 754 at the bottom.
  • the two tabs 752a and 752b are in operative connection with the cheeks 744a , 744b of the slot 745 and are each penetrated transversely by an elongated hole 755a , 755b .
  • the clamping foot 751 is slidably mounted on the bolt 747 via the elongated holes 755a , 755b parallel to the yoke 710 .
  • an eccentric lever 756 is pivotally mounted in a bearing bore 757 on the bolt 747 .
  • a small oil hole 758 opens into the bearing hole 757 for maintenance purposes.
  • the eccentric lever 756 has a radial contact surface 759 arranged eccentrically to the bolt 747 , which comes into operative connection with the pressure surface 754 in the clamping foot 751 , and moves the clamping foot 751 parallel to the yoke 710 in the clamping direction 761 when the eccentric lever 756 is depressed, as shown in Figs. 76 and 77 .
  • the eccentric lever 756 has a stop surface 760 , which bears against the boundary surface 748 and represents an untensioned starting position 765 , from which a clamping movement 762 directed parallel to the yoke 710 in a clamping direction 761 by pivoting the Eccentric lever 756 is transferred in a pivoting direction 763 to the clamping foot 751 , and is moved into the clamping position 766 .
  • the clamping foot 751 finally has a clamping surface 764 on the side opposite the tabs 752a , 752b .
  • the clamping foot 751 can also be moved with another movement means which can execute and hold a geometric clamping movement 762 .
  • the figures 78 to 81 show the block jaws 770 , which has a pressure compensation means 771 in the form of an elastically deformable elastomer ring 772 , which is effective in the clamping direction 761 .
  • the pressure compensation means 771 brings about a geometric compensation when the clamping device 630 is actuated from the unclamped starting position 799a into the clamping position 799b .
  • the block jaw 770 also has a clamping bore 773 which is surrounded by a clamping ring 774 which surrounds the yoke 710 circumferentially and can be actuated by a clamping member 776 in the form of a clamping screw 777 .
  • the clamping bore 773 also has a groove 775 , which is in operative connection with the key 713 .
  • the tendon 776 is pivoted through 45 ° in order not to exert any transverse forces on the groove during tensioning.
  • the clamping screw 777 on the one hand passes through a saddle 778 of the block jaw 770 in a bore 779 and, on the other hand, engages with an external thread 780 in an internal thread 781 .
  • the saddle 778 has a slot 782 extending into the clamping bore 773 between the bore 779 and the internal thread 781 .
  • the clamping screw 777 has a raised spherical surface 783a , which is arranged coaxially to the external thread 780 , as can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • a hollow spherical surface 783b is arranged coaxially to the bore 779 in the saddle 778 , which enters into a compensating operative connection with the raised spherical surface 783a when the tensioning screw 777 is tensioned, so that the introduction of transverse forces onto the tensioning screw 777 is largely avoided.
  • this On the side of the clamping jaw 731 opposite the clamping bore 773 , this has an eye 785 which widens out from a web and extends from a web section 784 .
  • a depression 786 is introduced in the center on the upper side, the bottom 788 of which is penetrated by a bore 789 arranged centrally to the depression 786 .
  • a shallow depression 790 is introduced opposite.
  • the bore 789 passes through a guide pin 791 of a pressure plate 792 , the pressure plate partially immersing in the depression 786 .
  • the pressure plate 792 has a pressure surface 793 on the outside relative to the guide pin 791 and a hole 794 centrally for reducing weight. As can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • the pressure plate 792 has an S-shaped contour 796 on the side facing the bottom 788 with a raised curve 796a and a hollow curve 796b .
  • An elastomer ring 772 lies on the one hand on the bottom 788 and in the depression 786 and on the other hand on the raised arch 796a and embodies a neutral starting position 799a .
  • This position is fixed by a locking ring 797 , which on the one hand rests on the flat countersink 790 and on the other hand is held in a groove 798 in the guide pin 791 .
  • Fig. 81 the eye is the block shown baking 785,770 in clamping position 799b, so with moving in the pivoting direction 763 eccentric 756th
  • the elastomer ring 772 clings to the S-shaped contour 796 , the bottom 788 and the depression 786 under the influence of the tensioning movement 762 , wherein deformation work is introduced into the elastomer ring 772 .
  • the deformation work can be controlled well via the shape of the contour 772 or the elastomer ring 772 , and the material of the ring.
  • energy storage devices in the form of spiral or disc springs can be used.
  • the function of the holding device 700 is explained in summary with reference to FIG. 71 .
  • the clamp holder 600 with its clamping ring 621 is fastened to the yoke 710 on the cylindrical region 714 via the fixing means 631 .
  • the clamping jaw 731 of the clamping device 730 surrounds the yoke 710 with its clamping ring 733 approximately centrally in the area of the feather key 713 and is fixed to the yoke 710 with the clamping member 735 .
  • the block jaw 770 encompasses the yoke 710 at the lower end in the area of the feather key 713 with its clamping ring 774 and is fixed to the yoke 710 with the clamping element 776 in such a way that a clamping gap 704 remains when pushed onto the table 701 .
  • the holding device 700 is pushed onto the table 701 in the desired position and the eccentric lever 756 is actuated from above in the pivoting direction 763 , the clamping foot 751 being lowered.
  • the clamping surface 764 comes into contact with the upper surface 702 of the table 701 and, on the other hand, the pressure surface 793 of the pressure plate 792 comes into contact with the lower surface 703 of the table 701 , and the geometric clamping movement 762 becomes a work of deformation of the elastic pressure compensation means 771 with uniform development of a clamping force 799 implemented.
  • the eccentric lever 756 is pivoted counter to the pivoting direction 763 until the stop surface 760 abuts the boundary surface 748 and the untensioned starting position 765 is reached, the holding device 700 can be quickly removed from the table 701 without damaging the surfaces 702 , 703 . All of the measures required for adjusting the holding device 700 can be carried out conveniently from above or from the side.
  • the block jaws 770 can be arranged upwards and the clamping device 730 downwards.
  • the container 200 with the closure cap 501 is encompassed by the arms 603 , 604 , the clamping screw 615 is actuated and the clamp holder 600 is held in the clamping position 686 .
  • the dosing unit 300 is inserted into the allocation means 522 .
  • the locking collar 535 of the locking means 532 is moved out of the recess 540 and the locking is released.
  • the closure 500 is thus in the filling position 131 .
  • the actuating means 502 is immediately before the actuation, during which the holding means 539 then engages in the annular groove 309 .
  • FIGS. 82 to 85 A further embodiment of the adhesive connection 202 is shown in FIGS. 82 to 85 realized on a lightweight component in the form of a strut 800 for a supporting structure.
  • 83 shows the strut 800 with two differently designed head parts 810 , 830 .
  • a tubular body 801 is connected to a first head part 810 and a second head part 830 by means of an adhesive connection 202 .
  • Both head parts 810 , 830 have conical sections 815 , 835 on the inside.
  • the conical section 815 merges into a connecting neck 816 through which a bore 818 provided with an internal thread 817 passes.
  • a circumferential load bridge 819 is arranged between the conical section 815 and the connection neck 816 , an end face 820 bordering the connection neck 816 at right angles to the internal thread 817 .
  • the cone portion 835 of the head portion 830 is terminated by a Lastdom 836, wherein the Lastdom 836 opposite to which brace 800 disposed in alignment pin is arranged 840 with a thread 841 which is provided with a threaded groove 842nd
  • the bore 818 of the head part 810 has a cone 821 , which is penetrated by a transverse bore 822 .
  • the pin 840 of the head part 830 has a cone as a holding member 846 , the cone angle preferably being in the range from 1:10 to 1:50.
  • the tapered connection can easily be released by a screwdriver or the like inserted into the transverse bore 845 .
  • FIG. 83 A third embodiment of the head parts 810 , 830 is shown in FIG. 83 .
  • the connecting neck 816 is axially penetrated by the cylindrical bore 818 , in which the cylindrical pin 840 engages.
  • a holding member 846 in the form of a dowel pin passes through the connecting neck 816 and the pin 840 in a transverse bore 845 .
  • Pins can also be used as holding members for quick plug-in connection.
  • the struts can therefore be combined with one another by either bringing the head parts with the threads 817 and 841 or via the cones 821 and 846 into active connection with one another or with known knot members of supporting structures.
  • the tubular body 801 has along a circumferential edge 803 , 804 (end faces) each half of a concave circular segment 805 , 806 and the head parts 810 and 830 along a circumferential edge 811 , 831 each have half of a convex circular segment 812 , 832 , the circular segments 805 , 812 and 806 , 832 are arranged facing each other.
  • the circle segments 812 and 832 have geometrical center points, which are defined by the intersection points 814 , 834 , of surface normals 813 , 833 with the circumferential edge 803 , 804 of the tubular body 801 perpendicular to the circle tangents 813a , 833a . From Fig. 84 it can be seen that the tubular body engages in the head parts 810 and 830 directed inwards.
  • the circular segments 805 and 812 and 806 and 832 with a radius 807 each run in at right angles to the circumferential edge 811 and 831 , follow an angular section beta and run on the edge 811 , 832 of the head parts 810 , 830 .
  • This results in a secant half-length L which extends from one edge 803 , 804 of the tubular body 801 to the corresponding edge 811 , 831 of the respective head part.
  • the extension of the secant half length L depends on the wall thickness W of the tubular body 801 and can at most assume the amount of the radius 807 .
  • the adhesive connection 202 takes place between the congruent circular segments 805 and 812 or 806 and 832 with the structural adhesive, an adhesive gap 202a being dimensioned in accordance with the adhesive used.
  • the arrangement of the circular segments with the web 808 within the head parts has the advantage that the adhesive connection 202 is largely protected from external influences such as impacts or the climate by the material of the head parts surrounding it.
  • a bulge 823 , 843 is arranged opposite the convex circle segments 812 , 832 .
  • a flush transition 824 , 844 in the region of the web 808 is shown in the lower half of FIG. 82 .
  • FIGS. 86 to 90 A further embodiment of the adhesive connection 202 is shown in FIGS. 86 to 90 using the example of a tube 900 with two tube bodies 910 , 930 shown, which are connected to a connecting member in the form of a circular segment ring 950 .
  • the tubular bodies 910 , 930 each have a half of a congruent, concave circular segment 912 , 932 facing each other along a circumferential edge 911 , 931 (end faces), which together form a radially circumferential, circular segment-shaped groove 903 .
  • the circle segments 912 , 932 have surface normals 913 , 933 which intersect at an intersection 905 and form the geometric center of the circle segments.
  • the surface normals are perpendicular to tangents 914 and 934 of the circle segments.
  • the concave circular segments 912 , 932 each begin at right angles on the peripheral edge 911 and 931 .
  • Each of the circular segments 912 , 932 each follow an angular section beta with a radius 906 up to an edge 951a , 951b of the circular segment ring 950.
  • the two concave circular segments 912 , 932 create the groove, which extends over two secant half-lengths L and extends from the peripheral edge 911 to the edge 951a and from the edge 931 to the edge 951b , radially encircling the edge 911 and 931, respectively 903 .
  • a circular segment ring 950 Arranged in the groove 903 is a circular segment ring 950 which extends over a central angle 907 of 2 * beta from the edge 551a to the edge 551b and a circular segment which is congruent to the circular segments 912 , 932 and symmetrical to the circumferential edges 911 , 931 952 .
  • the circular segment ring 950 is formed in an endless ring shape and glued in the groove 903 with a structural adhesive to the concave circular segments 912 , 932 of the components 910 , 930 .
  • the adhesive connection 202 takes place between the congruent circular segments 912 , 932 and 952 with a structural adhesive.
  • the circular segment ring 950 as shown in FIGS . 88 and 89 , has a filling opening 953 in the form of a semicircular bore into which the structural adhesive can be inserted without any protrusion.
  • the circular segment ring 950 is inserted into the groove 903 in a finite ring shape, this ring having a butt edge 954 at each end, which is set at an angle delta.
  • the abutting edges 954 form a joint 955 , which is symmetrically assigned to the filling opening 953 .
  • a web 915 , 935 remains on the tubular bodies 910 , which, depending on the radius 906 and a factor Kx, follow equation (4), Kx being in the range between approximately 0.01 to 0.5 and the strength of the tubular bodies 910 , 930 , the circular segment ring 950 and the structural adhesive used.
  • a joint-tight adhesive connection 202 With a correspondingly viscous setting of the adhesive, it also penetrates between the webs 915 , 935 or into the joint 955 and leads to a joint-tight adhesive connection 202 .
  • an antistatic additive can be added to the structural adhesive, preferably in the form of spheroidal graphite, the durability of the adhesive connection being practically not impaired.
  • a structural adhesive for the adhesive connection 202 disclosed here a two-component adhesive, with an adhesive composed of methacrylate ester and methacrylic acid and a hardener composed of ketone solvent and amino aldehyde condensing agent, can be used universally.
  • the arrangement with holding means can be used above all if the danger is negligible, such as in laboratories with highly qualified specialist personnel, whether the closure would be actuated unintentionally, i.e. only the locking (holding means 539 ) of the dosing unit to the closure is essential, for example to achieve it exactly and quickly repeatable amounts.
  • Such an arrangement is preferably operated according to the use shown in FIG. 55 .
  • the arrangement with a blocking means 532 offers itself on. Such an arrangement is preferably operated in accordance with the use indicated in FIG. 56 .
  • the holding means, the blocking means and the allocation means can correspond to those in the block holding images shown and described above function by mechanically functionally equivalent mechanical Components to be replaced.
  • the arrangement is best equipped with locking and holding means and according to the specified uses according to FIG. 33 .
  • All described embodiments of the container of the arrangement have in common that On the withdrawal side, the inward transverse force field is formed, which largely maintains the filling pressure keeps constant and clumps tend to break open.
  • the further design, such as the head, the Bottom part, the adhesive connection, or a one-piece version are based on the one hand dosing substance and on the other hand according to the desired number of pieces of the device.
  • the one-piece solution requires at least a corresponding manufacturing tool, on the other hand, the multi-part structure is for Particularly accurate devices in small quantities are well suited. As such, the training courses are mutually related functionally equivalent.
  • the container 200 is preferably in the disclosed clamp holder 600 and this in the holding device 700 standing vertically with the closure pointing downwards 500 or closure piece 550 or am Container body 201 is added, whereby the optimal supply due to the developing transverse force field the substance is guaranteed.
  • assembly 100 is as disclosed Usages handled.
  • the present invention therefore solves exhaustively those in the handling of pourable substances, especially problems such as granules, blowing agents, explosives or gunpowder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
EP99118798A 1998-09-25 1999-09-23 Dispositif pour le dosage de matériaux pulvérulents Withdrawn EP0989383A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29817289 1998-09-25
DE29817289U 1998-09-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0989383A2 true EP0989383A2 (fr) 2000-03-29
EP0989383A3 EP0989383A3 (fr) 2001-11-28

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EP (1) EP0989383A3 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA996111B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7836922B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2010-11-23 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispenser modules and powder dispensing methods
AU2012203065B2 (en) * 2005-11-21 2013-12-12 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US9221561B2 (en) 2008-08-05 2015-12-29 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispenser modules and powder dispenser assemblies
CN115560639A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2023-01-03 厦门普诚科技有限公司 一种称重装药装置和称重装药方法

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GB775233A (en) * 1954-08-10 1957-05-22 Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag An improved pipe line of non-weldable synthetic plastic and a process for the manufacture thereof
DE1053260B (de) * 1954-03-23 1959-03-19 Union Carbide Corp Klebeverbindung von Rohren, die ganz oder hauptsaechlich aus Kohlenstoff oder Graphit bestehen
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US3996650A (en) * 1975-09-29 1976-12-14 Tonn Martin H Film retainer member for solar heater chamber
GB2065215A (en) * 1979-11-23 1981-06-24 Gia Srl Pipe clamp
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EP0289890A2 (fr) * 1987-05-02 1988-11-09 Audi Ag Dispositif de serrage pour le raccordement d'une structure connectée avec celui et une pièce en tôle
FR2641862A1 (fr) * 1989-01-06 1990-07-20 Adl Automation Procede, dispositif et installation pour le dosage volumetrique de produit pulverulent avec compactage
EP0405277A1 (fr) * 1989-06-24 1991-01-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Dispositif pour distribuer et doser des matériaux pulvérulents
DE4406582A1 (de) * 1994-03-01 1995-09-07 Stefanie Frommhold Schweißverfahren zur Verbindung von Rohren aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen
EP0811422A1 (fr) * 1996-06-03 1997-12-10 Bayer Ag Procédé et dispositif pour le dosage et le transfert sans contamination de solides pulverulentes pour leur dispersion ou dissolution

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FR519370A (fr) * 1917-08-27 1921-06-09 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Procédé de fabrication de chambres à air pour bandages pneumatiques
GB369450A (en) * 1931-04-29 1932-03-24 Katharina Freifrau V Gillern G Improvements in and relating to automatic cartridge loading machines
CH288513A (fr) * 1951-01-10 1953-01-31 Somo Societe Pour Les Metaux O Procédé de fabrication d'un coude tubulaire en matière thermoplastique et coude tubulaire obtenu par ce procédé.
DE1053260B (de) * 1954-03-23 1959-03-19 Union Carbide Corp Klebeverbindung von Rohren, die ganz oder hauptsaechlich aus Kohlenstoff oder Graphit bestehen
GB775233A (en) * 1954-08-10 1957-05-22 Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag An improved pipe line of non-weldable synthetic plastic and a process for the manufacture thereof
US3067776A (en) * 1956-04-09 1962-12-11 Ideal Roller And Mfg Company Hydraulic accumulator
US3013698A (en) * 1960-05-19 1961-12-19 Gordon Bryan Powder dispensers
US3090524A (en) * 1960-09-22 1963-05-21 Lyle S Corcoran Shot and powder measuring dispenser
US3996650A (en) * 1975-09-29 1976-12-14 Tonn Martin H Film retainer member for solar heater chamber
GB2065215A (en) * 1979-11-23 1981-06-24 Gia Srl Pipe clamp
EP0139598A1 (fr) * 1983-09-13 1985-05-02 ATELIERS DURAND ET LE MOLAIRE Société à Responsabilité Limitée : Dispositif doseur-distributeur pour produits pulvérulents
EP0289890A2 (fr) * 1987-05-02 1988-11-09 Audi Ag Dispositif de serrage pour le raccordement d'une structure connectée avec celui et une pièce en tôle
FR2641862A1 (fr) * 1989-01-06 1990-07-20 Adl Automation Procede, dispositif et installation pour le dosage volumetrique de produit pulverulent avec compactage
EP0405277A1 (fr) * 1989-06-24 1991-01-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Dispositif pour distribuer et doser des matériaux pulvérulents
DE4406582A1 (de) * 1994-03-01 1995-09-07 Stefanie Frommhold Schweißverfahren zur Verbindung von Rohren aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen
EP0811422A1 (fr) * 1996-06-03 1997-12-10 Bayer Ag Procédé et dispositif pour le dosage et le transfert sans contamination de solides pulverulentes pour leur dispersion ou dissolution

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8230887B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2012-07-31 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US7836922B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2010-11-23 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispenser modules and powder dispensing methods
US7958916B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2011-06-14 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US8025082B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2011-09-27 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispenser modules and powder dispensing methods
AU2006318620B2 (en) * 2005-11-21 2012-04-05 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US8220505B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2012-07-17 Mannkind Corporation Powder transport systems and methods
US7950423B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2011-05-31 Mannkind Corporation Powder transport systems and methods
AU2012203065B2 (en) * 2005-11-21 2013-12-12 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US9772216B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2017-09-26 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US10620034B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2020-04-14 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods for simultaneous filling of cartridges
US8803009B2 (en) 2005-11-21 2014-08-12 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispensing and sensing apparatus and methods
US9221561B2 (en) 2008-08-05 2015-12-29 Mannkind Corporation Powder dispenser modules and powder dispenser assemblies
CN115560639A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2023-01-03 厦门普诚科技有限公司 一种称重装药装置和称重装药方法
CN115560639B (zh) * 2022-08-16 2024-01-23 厦门普诚科技有限公司 一种称重装药装置和称重装药方法

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