EP0987068B1 - Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofils od.dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren sowie Vorrichtung dafür - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofils od.dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren sowie Vorrichtung dafür Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0987068B1 EP0987068B1 EP99810787A EP99810787A EP0987068B1 EP 0987068 B1 EP0987068 B1 EP 0987068B1 EP 99810787 A EP99810787 A EP 99810787A EP 99810787 A EP99810787 A EP 99810787A EP 0987068 B1 EP0987068 B1 EP 0987068B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- die
- inlet
- section
- shape
- extrusion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C33/00—Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded ; Loading the dummy block
- B21C33/006—Consecutive billets, e.g. billet profiles allowing air expulsion or bonding of billets
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for extrusion a hollow profile or the like.
- Body from an ingot that is in a recipient is drilled in a transducer, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention a particularly suitable device.
- the material that has become ductile becomes one - in the metal sector from non-ferrous, sintered metals or steel, but especially from an aluminum alloy preformed - heated cast ingot or rolled rod section from a stamp - or at the hydrostatic Extrusion using a liquid - from a recipient through one or more shape cross section / s of a the molding tool crossing the pressing direction.
- the stamp moves directly or forward extrusion towards the expiry of the emerging profile on the Shape cross section too, with indirect or reverse extrusion the material goes through against the direction of the stamp pressed a tool attached to the hollow stamp is.
- hollow profile tools with die plate used, as disclosed for example in DE 24 46 308 A1.
- the die plate is used to shape the profile outer contour integrated into a mandrel part.
- mandrel - in the case of multi-chamber profiles there are several mandrels Shape of the inner contour to be determined that the mandrel into the die plate and over whose formative area protrudes.
- the ductile material is fed into the Press tool directed that the partial strands of each enemas under mandrel support arms - in a welding chamber - - flow together again and weld together.
- the material or the aluminum alloy flows in a further pressing process past the mandrel and the die opening and takes on the intended shape of the hollow profile.
- the inlets are always outside around the profile cavity - or their several - arranged around; the aluminum alloy is the shaping area of the tool from the outside and mainly fed through several inlets. Should in the case of multi-chamber hollow profiles can not be adequately fed outside Material inlets for feeding also indoors of the hollow profile provided.
- the main enemas are always over the outer contour of the profile cavity is arranged.
- the size of a hollow profile that can be produced - its maximum possible circumferential diameter - is due to the recipient diameter and the size of the outside around the cavity arranged inlets and the load capacity of the mentioned Mandrel support arms limited.
- metal bars in particular those made of aluminum alloys, with contamination - for example Lubricant residues - as well as with an oxide layer are covered.
- oxide particles on the The forehead and mantle surface can be extremely harmful prove for the structure of the profile; the through it emerging zone with contaminating inclusions is - depending on profile shape and pressing speed - relatively long and forces with increasing quality requirements in addition, always longer profile sections than waste to take out of the emerging strand - with everyone resulting consequences of decreasing economy with shrinking profile output.
- JP-A-05 007 925 discloses an extrusion device again with a tool block in front of a recipient, in which has several outwardly inclined channels a flat entrance trough connect with a shaping cross section. On the tool inlet side connects to a recipient whose Recipient bore is slightly wider than that inlet trough, to prevent contamination on the stud wall slough.
- the Recipient drilling a plate with a subordinate conically widening central opening, which in a Pressing direction merges chamber surrounding; latter on the other hand ends with an annular gap that goes into the Mold opening leads.
- the material of the ingot is below the Press pressure in a central inlet of the mold introduced and the resulting ductile mass in an angle to the pressing direction outwards through several channels led to the shaping cross section.
- the material to be pressed arrives So no longer by several outside around the hollow profile arranged inlets to the shaping area, but will through a central inlet opening inside the hollow profile cavity fed. From this middle inlet flows over the pressed material according to the teaching of the invention radial and outwardly inclined channels of a large one Welding chamber and the molding area.
- the radius of the profile to be produced can be significantly larger be than the recipient diameter.
- a device for Extrusion of a hollow profile or the like Body from one Ingot in a recipient bore of a transducer guided and by means of a press ram in the pressing direction is supplied to that shaping cross section at which of the tool inlet side of the mold into this an approximately central inlet within the profile cavity is molded, from the wall at an angle of preferably more than 90 ° to the forehead several arm-like Run out channels; this is connected to that of a welding chamber subordinate shaping cross section.
- the center inlet is preferably arranged in the center of the tool.
- irregular Profile shapes become the area focus of the Infeed as possible in the center of gravity of the profile or in the middle of the tool - or in another suitable area of the profile cavity - provided.
- the profile size can be produced by Geometrically, press size and recipient diameter are not is limited; it can with small recipient diameter also on extrusion presses with relatively low press force Pipes or hollow profiles with a large circumferential diameter can be produced as the necessary for the forming Quantities of pressed material over center inlets with a small opening cross-section - so small opening diameter - the Shaping zone can be supplied. So it becomes possible Profiles with a small cross-sectional area with a large circumferential diameter even when difficult to form Materials from small recipients with high spec. Pressure too shape, which makes the cross-sectional spectrum strong is expanded.
- the tool load is in that for the profile shaping important area - namely inside the mandrel part - essential deeper, because the load is only through the cross-sectional opening the middle inlet is built up and not as in conventional tools over the entire cross-sectional area Profile cavity surfaces projected onto the tool inlet side.
- the main load over the press stud cross-section takes place in the tool area outside the central Inlet or middle inlets. This burden can on the outside of the tool - so not shaping area - added via support tools become.
- the procedurally lower tool load results in longer use more form-fitting profiles or allowed at the production of lighter cross sections or those made of difficult to form profile materials.
- An extrusion press 10 for the direct extrusion of profiles 12 has, according to FIG. 1, a press ram 16 on a press cylinder 14, which runs in the longitudinal axis A of a bore 19 passing through a recipient or receiver 18.
- the diameter d of a press disk 17 on the free end face of the press die 16 is slightly shorter than the free bore diameter d 1 , so that the press die 16 is able to plunge into the so-called recipient bore.
- the mentioned free bore diameter d 1 is limited by the inner surface 20 of a recipient sleeve 21 inserted into the receiver 18 or its bore 19.
- the interior of this recipient sleeve 21 is referred to below as the recipient bore 22.
- the rest position of the press ram 16 is dimensioned that the recipient bore 22 is indicated at 24 Block or bars of light metal - especially one preheated aluminum alloy - by a loading carriage 26 set in front and from the punch 16 in the pressing direction x are inserted into the recipient bore 22 can.
- a plate-like matrix as forming tool 32 Near an the ram 16 remote recipient end 23 a resting in a die holder 28 at a cross-head 30, a plate-like matrix as forming tool 32. This is followed in Fig. 1 - x in the direction of pressing - a discharge channel 34 of the crosshead 30 through which a Shape cross section of the die 32 is removed profile 12 is removed.
- a lifting device 36 for a shear knife 38 can be seen above the recipient 18 in FIG. 1 and is provided such that it can move radially to a gap 40 between the pickup 18 and the molding tool 32.
- a mandrel part 33 is provided between the recipient 18 and the plate-like die 32 for generating an inner contour of an emerging profile 12 a .
- the die plate is followed in the pressing direction x by a pressure plate 42 in a pressure plate holder 44.
- a pressure ring 46 connects to that pressure plate 42 and a wear ring 48 in the crosshead 30 connects to this.
- a tool holder for the tool holder 28, the pressure plate holder 44 and the pressure ring 46 is indicated at 50.
- a so-called pressing rest 52 from which the pressing disk 17 has been removed, is found at the end of the recipient bore 22 remote from the punch on the tool surface facing it. That tool surface remains at a distance from the recipient face 23 a thanks to an orifice collar 54 formed by the protrusion h of the recipient sleeve 21. Also on the rear recipient front 23, the recipient bore 22 surrounds an annular collar 56 as a protrusion of the recipient sleeve 21.
- the recipient or receiver 18 is moved back - for example by more than 450 mm - until the press residue 52 is free (FIG. 5). If the ingot 24 protrudes beyond the mouth collar 54 in a cantilever length t of, for example, about 10 mm, the ingot 24 is compressed with the press ram 16; the ingot 24 should not be able to be moved by the shear knife 38 in a subsequent shearing process. Before this shearing process, the pickup 18 is moved back against the pressing direction x until the rear tool surface of the molding tool or the die 32 is at a distance from the recipient face 23 a . In this position transducer 18 and die 32 are temporarily fixed.
- the pickup 18 is returned to the Die or the mold 32 driven - the pressing process can start again.
- 7, 8 represent a plate-like molding tool or a die 32 with a diameter n of approximately 500 mm from two die parts 31, 31 a for producing a rotationally symmetrical tube 12 r or the like. Hollow profile circular cross-section with the inside diameter q of here 236 mm.
- a so-called center inlet 64 of a frustoconical shape - with the die axis M as a line of symmetry - is molded into the die end 62 of the mandrel or die part 31 near the die.
- the diameter d 2 of its inlet contour K measures 170 mm.
- Arm-like channels 66 branch off from the inlet wall 65, which is inclined at an angle w to the die face 62, here 65 °, whose channel outer contour 67 falling into the image plane runs approximately parallel to the contour of the inlet wall 65, which is diametrically distant in this image plane, and with the other visible - adjacent - limit the inlet wall 65 to an angle w 1 of here 50 °. 7 - in the pressing direction x gradually tapering to a dome-like end section 66 e - channels 66 end in the pressing direction x at an annular welding chamber 68, which has a circular shaping cross section 70 of width z - for the corresponding wall thickness of the Rohres 12 r - follows.
- the shaping cross section 70 is delimited on the inside by the annular peripheral surface 72 of a mandrel 74 here.
- the material to be pressed is therefore not - as usual - supplied to the shaping region through a plurality of inlets arranged on the outside around the hollow profile or tube 12 r , but rather only through that central inlet 64 a from the center inlet 64 to the outside of that welding chamber 68 and the shaping cross section 70.
- the center of gravity becomes of the infeed, if possible, in the center of mass of the profile or in the middle of the tool M - or in another suitable one Area of the profile cavity - provided.
- hollow profiles 12 p polygonal or asymmetrical profile shape can be formed with a central inlet 64 a .
- its inlet wall 65 produces an asymmetrical cross-sectional shape, ie the die axis M lies outside the inlet axis M 1 .
- the required quantity of material supply can be achieved via at least two of the center inlets 64 described, as indicated by FIGS. 11, 12 on the molding tool 32 a .
- the central axes M 1 of the center inlets 64 run at a radial distance k to the die axis M.
- the production of round tubes 12 r of different diameters q and wall thicknesses y can be carried out using molding tools 32 b , in which mandrel rings 76 of different outer diameters and die plates 31 a of different inner diameters are provided in defined cross-sectional areas.
- the main load over the press stud cross-section takes place in the tool area outside the center inlet or the middle enemas 64.
- This burden can according to the arrows Q on the outside of the Forming tool 30 - ie the non-shaping area Support tools are included.
- FIG. 16 The oblique view of FIG. 16 on a mandrel part 31 of a die 32 impressively shows their structure with the center inlet 64, the subsequent channels 66 and one in the Protruding die axis, the profile inner surface - and thus determining the inner boundary 72 of the shaping cross section 70 Dornanformung 74 plate-shaped shape.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1:
- eine Schrägsicht auf einen Teil einer Strangpresse mit einem horizontal verlaufenden Pressstempel;
- Fig. 2:
- einen gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten und geschnittenen Ausschnitt aus einer anderen Strangpresse;
- Fig. 3:
- einen Längsschnitt durch einen skizzenhaft dargestellten Aufnehmer der Strangpresse mit in Pressrichtung in Abstand vorgeordnetem Pressstempel und nachfolgendem Formwerkzeug;
- Fig. 4,5,6:
- der Fig. 3 etwa entsprechende Darstellungen unterschiedlicher Stellungen von Aufnehmer und Pressstempel;
- Fig. 7,9,11,13:
- schematisierte Frontansichten von Formwerkzeugen unterschiedlicher Ausführungen;
- Fig. 8,10,12,14:
- jeweils den Querschnitt durch Fig. 7 nach deren Linie VIIIVIII, durch Fig. 9 nach deren Linie X-X, durch Fig. 11 nach deren Linie XII-XII, durch Fig. 13 nach deren Linie XIV-XIV;
- Fig. 15:
- einen Längsschnitt durch ein Formwerkzeug mit Darstellung des Belastungsflusses;
- Fig. 16:
- eine Schrägsicht auf ein teilweise geschnittenes Formwerkzeug.
Claims (14)
- Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofils od.dgl. Körpers (12, 12a) aus einem Barren (24), der in einer Rezipientenbohrung (22) eines Aufnehmers (18) geführt und mittels eines Pressstempels (16) in Pressrichtung (x) einem Formgebungsquerschnitt (70) eines Formwerkzeuges (32, 32a, 32b) zugeführt wird, wobei der Barrenwerkstoff unter Pressdruck in einen zentralen Einlauf (64, 64a) des Formwerkzeuges (32, 32a, 32b) eingebracht und die dabei entstehende duktile Masse in einem Winkel zur Pressrichtung (x) nach außen durch mehrere Kanäle (66) zum Formgebungsquerschnitt (70) geführt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hauptbelastung durch den Pressdruck außerhalb des zentralen Einlaufes (64, 64a) und des formgebenden Bereiches in Stützwerkzeuge abgeleitet wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Profile hergestellt werden, deren Umkreis erheblich größer ist als der Durchmesser des Aufnehmers (18).
- Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofiles (12, 12a, 12k, 12p, 12r) od.dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren (24), der in einer Rezipientenbohrung (22) eines Aufnehmers (18) geführt und mittels eines Pressstempels (16) in Pressrichtung (x) einem Formgebungsquerschnitt (70) eines Formwerkzeuges (32, 32a, 32b) zugeführt wird, von dessen Werkzeugeinlaufseite (62) her in dieses eine etwa mittige Einformung (64, 64a) innerhalb einer Verlängerung des Profilhohlraumes eingeformt ist, von deren Wandung (65) mehrere in einem Winkel zur Pressrichtung (x) nach außen geneigte armartige Kanäle (66) ausgehen, an welche der Formgebungsquerschnitt (70) anschließt zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der voraufgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandung (65) der als Einlauf (64) kegelstumpfartiger Ausgestaltung ausgebildete Einformung in Pressrichtung (x) mit der Matrizenachse (M) einen spitzen Winkel einschließt, und dass die Hauptbelastung durch den Pressdruck außerhalb des zentralen Einlaufes (64, 64a) und des formgebenden Bereiches in Stützwerkzeuge abgeleitet wird.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kanäle (66) von der Wandung (65) des Einlaufes (64)in einem Winkel (w + w1) von mehr als 90° zur Matrizenstirn (62) ausgehen und der Formgebungsquerschnitt (70) einer Schweißkammer (68) nachgeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Kanäle (66) zu einem domartigen Endabschnitt (66e) verjüngen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandung (65) des Einlaufes (64) mit der Matrizenstirn (62) einen Winkel (w) von 65° einschließt.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, gekennzeichnet durch einen Winkel (w1) von 50° zwischen der Wandung (65) des Einlaufes (64) und den Außenkonturen (67) der Kanäle (66).
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch ein Verhältnis des Innendurchmessers (q) des Formgebungsquerschnittes (70) zum Einlaufdurchmesser (d2) von 1,4.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einlauf (64) für ein rotationssymmetrisches Profil (12r) etwa im Zentrum (M) des Formwerkzeuges (32) angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einlauf (64) für ein Profil (12k, 12p) unregelmäßiger Kontur etwa in dessen Masseschwerpunkt oder in Werkzeugmitte vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Matrizenachse (M) außerhalb der Einlaufachse (M1) angeordnet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens zwei benachbarte Einläufe (64) des Formwerkzeuges (32a), die jeweils zentrales Einlaufelement für die von ihnen nach außen geneigt ausgehenden Kanäle (66) sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittelachsen (M1) der Einläufe (64) in radialem Abstand (k) zur Matrizenachse (M) verlaufen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ihrem Formwerkzeug (32b) Dornringe (76) unterschiedlicher Außendurchmesser und Matrizenplatten (31a) unterschiedlicher Innendurchmesser auswechselbar zugeordnet sind (Fig. 13, 14).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19842291A DE19842291A1 (de) | 1998-09-16 | 1998-09-16 | Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofils od. dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren sowie Vorrichtung dazu |
DE19842291 | 1998-09-16 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0987068A2 EP0987068A2 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
EP0987068A3 EP0987068A3 (de) | 2001-06-13 |
EP0987068B1 true EP0987068B1 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
Family
ID=7881084
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99810787A Expired - Lifetime EP0987068B1 (de) | 1998-09-16 | 1999-09-02 | Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofils od.dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren sowie Vorrichtung dafür |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6192730B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0987068B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE268650T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2281207C (de) |
DE (1) | DE19842291A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2217720T3 (de) |
NO (1) | NO318543B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10145877C1 (de) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-05-08 | Alcan Tech & Man Ag | Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofils od. dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren sowie Vorrichtung dafür |
CN104384224B (zh) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 昆山国展金属工业有限公司 | 圆形太阳花型散热片铝挤压模具 |
CN105478513B (zh) * | 2016-01-14 | 2018-03-06 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种模拟等通道转角挤压的装置 |
CN106424188B (zh) | 2016-09-01 | 2018-02-02 | 中北大学 | 空心坯料成形大高宽比内环筋的旋转挤压成形模具 |
CN106363031B (zh) | 2016-09-01 | 2018-01-09 | 中北大学 | 空心坯料成形大高宽比内环筋的旋转挤压成形方法 |
CN114798790B (zh) * | 2022-02-15 | 2024-04-16 | 江苏鑫昌铝业有限公司 | 一种超宽微通道挤压模具 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB604905A (en) * | 1942-10-30 | 1948-07-13 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to processes and dies for extruding tubular products |
DE2446308C2 (de) * | 1974-09-27 | 1983-11-17 | Aluminium-Walzwerke Singen Gmbh, 7700 Singen | Werkzeug zum Strangpressen von Hohl- oder Teilhohlprofilen aus Leichtmetall |
DE2812690A1 (de) | 1978-03-23 | 1979-10-04 | Aluminium Walzwerke Singen | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum strangpressen von hohlprofilen |
JPS5856657B2 (ja) * | 1979-02-09 | 1983-12-16 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | 押出成形用ダイス |
GB2071543B (en) * | 1980-03-19 | 1983-06-02 | Erbsloeh Gmbh & Co | Extrusion die |
JPS56165512A (en) * | 1980-05-22 | 1981-12-19 | Showa Alum Corp | Extruded aluminum shape |
JPS61209716A (ja) * | 1985-03-12 | 1986-09-18 | Showa Alum Corp | 押出加工装置 |
ES2049924T3 (es) * | 1989-05-18 | 1994-05-01 | Bwe Ltd | Aparato de extrusion continua. |
JPH057925A (ja) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-19 | Showa Alum Corp | 大型中空型材成形用の押出加工装置 |
EP0699487A1 (de) * | 1994-08-02 | 1996-03-06 | Norsk Hydro A/S | Extrusionsdüse |
JPH09174141A (ja) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-07-08 | Yano Eng:Kk | 金属製中空材押出用ダイス |
DE19605885C1 (de) * | 1996-02-05 | 1997-08-21 | Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag | Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Profils od. dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren, sowie Verwendung des Verfahrens |
-
1998
- 1998-09-16 DE DE19842291A patent/DE19842291A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-08-31 CA CA002281207A patent/CA2281207C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-02 ES ES99810787T patent/ES2217720T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-02 EP EP99810787A patent/EP0987068B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-02 AT AT99810787T patent/ATE268650T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-14 NO NO19994454A patent/NO318543B1/no unknown
- 1999-09-16 US US09/397,352 patent/US6192730B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO994454D0 (no) | 1999-09-14 |
DE19842291A1 (de) | 2000-03-23 |
US6192730B1 (en) | 2001-02-27 |
NO318543B1 (no) | 2005-04-11 |
ATE268650T1 (de) | 2004-06-15 |
NO994454L (no) | 2000-03-17 |
ES2217720T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
CA2281207C (en) | 2005-11-15 |
EP0987068A3 (de) | 2001-06-13 |
EP0987068A2 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
CA2281207A1 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
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